CN116392285B - A new type of bone harvesting instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a novel bone harvesting machine, which relates to the technical field of animal brain experiments and comprises the following components: the locking mechanism comprises a positioning structure and a guiding structure, wherein the two positioning structures are fixed in a drilled hole drilled before skull cutting and used for limiting the starting position and the ending position of the guiding structure, and the guiding structure moves from the positioning structure at the starting position to a gap between the skull and a bone fragment, and the positioning structure at the ending position stops moving; the tail ends of the traction mechanisms are respectively connected with the two ends of the guide structure, the guide structure can move in a gap between the skull and the bone fragments by adjusting the two traction mechanisms, and can encircle the outer side of the bone fragments to tightly hold the bone fragments, so that the problems that when the bone fragments are used for smaller bone fragments, the grabbing effect is not ideal, the stability is poor, the bone fragments are easy to shift and drop, and even secondary damage to surrounding brain tissues, blood vessels, nerves and the like is caused are solved.

Description

A new type of bone harvesting instrument

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of animal brain experiments, in particular to a novel bone-taking instrument.

Background technique

The stage of medical scientific research is an important stage that determines the quality of medical clinical practice, and the study of brain function is one of the important research directions in the stage of medical scientific research. In the study of brain function, rats and other animals are often used as experimental objects, especially in neurobiological science. In field research, it is a relatively routine method to perform follow-up operations after opening a hole in the skull of a rat. The experiment needs to first determine the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z axes) of the opening position, then open the hole at the corresponding skull position, and then pass After the bone slice was taken out by the bone harvesting instrument, the brain tissue of the rat was further manipulated carefully.

However, at present, a three-jaw bone holder is mainly used in traditional bone harvesting instruments. When this kind of bone holder grabs a large and complete bone fragment, it will cause less damage to the brain tissue around the bone fragment end. However, when used for smaller bone fragments, the grasping effect is not ideal, and at the same time, the stability is poor, and bone fragments are prone to shift and fall, and even cause secondary damage to surrounding brain tissue, blood vessels, and nerves.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a novel bone-taking instrument, specifically comprising:

The locking mechanism includes a positioning structure and a guiding structure. The two positioning structures are fixed inside the drill hole drilled before the craniotomy, and are used to define the starting position and the ending position of the guiding structure. The movement of the guiding structure starts from the starting position. The positioning structure at the position enters the gap between the skull and the bone fragment, and the positioning structure at the end position stops moving;

The traction mechanism, the tail ends of the two traction mechanisms are respectively connected to the two ends of the guide structure, by adjusting the two traction mechanisms, the guide structure can move in the gap between the skull and the bone slice, and the guide structure can Wrap around the outside of the bone slice to hold the bone slice tightly.

Further, it also includes a mounting part; the mounting part of the mounting part is preferably an I-shaped structure, and the left and right sides of the rear end of the mounting part and the right side of the front end of the mounting part are respectively provided with rotation holes.

Further, a sliding hole is opened on the left side of the front end of the mounting part, and the shape of the sliding hole is preferably a rounded rectangle; the middle part of the inner wall of the sliding hole is provided with a front-rear symmetrical guide groove, which is used to align one of the positioning structures. Limit and guide.

Further, the first positioning structure is inserted into the rotating hole, and the first positioning structure is connected to the mounting part in rotation; the other positioning structure is inserted into the sliding hole, and the other positioning structure is connected to the mounting part The sliding connection between the two positioning structures is used to adjust the distance between the two positioning structures, so as to adapt to the drilling holes with different distances on the skull.

Further, the positioning structure includes a guide part; the guide part includes a guide piece, a support piece and a limit piece; the two guide parts are respectively inserted into the rotating hole and the sliding hole at the front end of the mounting piece; the The upper end of the guide is provided with a handle; the lower end of the guide is provided with a thread for installing a limiter; the lower end of the thread of the guide is provided with a wire hole, and the wire hole is preferably circular; the support is It has a basin-shaped structure, and the inside of the support is provided with a screw hole; the support is connected to the outside of the thread of the guide through the screw hole, which is used to limit the depth of the bottom of the guide penetrating into the drilling hole in the skull; the inside of the limiter is opened There are through holes, and the limit piece is inserted into the guide groove; the limit piece is fixedly connected to the outside of the left guide piece.

Further, the middle part of the guide structure is fixedly connected with a position-limiting structure for limiting the position of the guide structure.

Further, the guiding structure includes a locking part; the locking part includes a locking wire and a lead slider; the locking wire is preferably a medical nylon wire, and the tail end of the locking wire is helically curled; the limiting The structure is specifically a wire slider, the cross section of the wire slider is a T-shaped structure, and two ends of the wire slider are respectively connected to the first ends of the two locking wires.

Further, the two traction mechanisms are inserted into the two rotation holes at the rear end of the mounting part, and at the same time, the two traction mechanisms are rotationally connected with the mounting part; the lower ends of the traction mechanisms are provided with a storage structure.

Further, the traction mechanism includes a traction part; the traction part includes a traction part and a wire box; the upper end of the traction part is fixedly connected with a handle for rotating the traction part; the storage structure is specifically a wire box; The lower end of the pulling member is fixedly connected to the wire box, and the tail end of the locking wire is stored inside the wire box.

Further, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the mounting part; a holding frame is fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting plate.

Beneficial effect

The experimenter needs to determine the distance and penetration depth of the two positioning structures according to the drilling holes on the skull, and then hold the device, insert the two positioning structures into the drilling holes, and adjust the angle of the positioning structures to make the guiding structure When cutting the seam at the starting position, by turning the traction mechanism on one side, the traction mechanism will drive the guiding structure to slide along the track of the cutting seam to the end position, and make the guiding structure enter the cutting seam, and when the guiding structure reaches the end position Afterwards, by turning the traction mechanism on the other side, the guiding structure around the bone fragment will be gradually tightened, and the bone fragment will be held tightly. After lifting the device, the bone fragment can be taken out stably and safely;

Compared with the bone holder, the above structure transforms the vertical downward movement when the bone holder is clamped into the horizontal movement when the guiding structure hugs the bone piece, which can effectively prevent brain tissue from being stabbed and is safer, while guiding the structure Compared with bone fragments, there are more contact points. After holding the bone fragments tightly, the fixation of the bone fragments can be made more stable, effectively preventing the bone fragments from falling and causing secondary damage to the brain tissue.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

The drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the present invention.

In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a novel bone harvesting instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the whole of the new bone harvesting instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a mounting part of a novel bone harvesting instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the position A shown in Fig. 3 of the novel bone harvesting instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 shows an assembly schematic view of the left guide part of the new bone harvesting instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the position B shown in Fig. 5 of the novel bone harvesting instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic perspective view of the traction part of the novel bone harvesting instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the position C shown in Fig. 7 of the novel bone harvesting instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic perspective view of the locking part of the novel bone harvesting instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 shows a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a novel bone harvesting instrument at D shown in Fig. 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

List of main reference signs

1. Installation part; 101. Mounting piece; 102. Rotation hole; 103. Sliding hole; 104. Guide groove;

2. Guide part; 201, guide piece; 202, support piece; 203, limit piece;

3. Traction part; 301, traction parts; 302, wire box;

4. Locking part; 401, locking line; 402, lead slider;

5. Grip part; 501, connecting plate; 502, grip frame.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, solution and advantages of the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of specific embodiments of the present invention.

Example: Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 10:

Embodiment one:

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention proposes a kind of novel bone taking instrument, comprises:

The locking mechanism includes a positioning structure and a guiding structure. The two positioning structures are fixed inside the drill hole drilled before the craniotomy, and are used to define the starting position and the ending position of the guiding structure. The guiding structure moves from the positioning structure at the starting position into the gap between the skull and the bone fragment, and the positioning structure at the end position stops moving;

Traction mechanism, the tail ends of the two traction mechanisms are respectively connected to the two ends of the guide structure, by adjusting the two traction mechanisms, the guide structure can move in the gap between the skull and the bone slice, and the guide structure can wrap around the bone slice On the outer side, hold the bone fragments tightly.

Wherein, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it also includes a mounting part 1; the mounting part 101 of the mounting part 1 is preferably an I-shaped structure, and the left side and the right side of the rear end of the mounting part 101 and the right side of the front end are respectively provided with Rotary hole 102; Mounting part 101 is used for installing other parts of this device, meanwhile, mounting part 101 adopts I-shaped structure and can effectively reduce the overall weight of this device, and is easier when hand-held operation; Mounting part 101 offers three There are two rotation holes 102, and two traction mechanisms and a positioning structure are installed respectively.

Wherein, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, a sliding hole 103 is provided on the left side of the front end of the mounting part 101, and the shape of the sliding hole 103 is preferably a rounded rectangle; the middle part of the inner wall of the sliding hole 103 is provided with a symmetrical guide groove. 104 is used to limit and guide one of the positioning structures; the sliding hole 103 opened by the mounting part 101 is used to install another positioning structure, and at the same time guide and limit the sliding of the positioning structure through the guide groove 104 inside it.

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the first positioning structure is inserted into the rotating hole 102, and the first positioning structure is rotationally connected with the mounting part 101; the other positioning structure is inserted into the sliding hole 103, and The other positioning structure is slidably connected to the mounting part 101 for adjusting the distance between the two positioning structures, so as to adapt to drilling holes with different distances on the skull.

Wherein, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the positioning structure includes a guide part 2; the guide part 2 includes a guide part 201, a support part 202 and a limit part 203; Inside the rotation hole 102 and the sliding hole 103; the guide part 2 on the right side rotates in the rotation hole 102, and then the direction of the thread hole at the bottom end of the guide part 201 is changed. After the guide part 2 is inserted into the drill hole, the thread hole can be adjusted. Aligned with the cutting seam to facilitate introduction of the locking wire 401 into the cutting seam between the skull and the bone fragment;

As a preference, the upper end of the guide 201 is provided with a handle; the operator can operate the device conveniently and quickly through the handle;

Preferably, the lower end of the guide member 201 is provided with threads for installing the limiter 203;

As preferably, the threaded lower end of the guide 201 is provided with a wire hole, and the wire hole is preferably circular; the inside of the wire hole passes through the locking wire 401, and constrains the starting position and the ending position of the locking wire 401, so that the locking wire 401 starts When it is in the initial position, it is aligned with the cutting seam between the skull and the bone piece, so that the locking line 401 can be gradually inserted into the cutting seam;

Preferably, the support member 202 is a basin-shaped structure, and the inside of the support member 202 is provided with a screw hole; the support member 202 is connected to the outside of the thread of the guide member 201 through the screw hole, and is used to limit the bottom of the guide member 201 from penetrating into the skull drilling. Depth; the position of the support member 202 on the outside of the guide member 201 can be adjusted by rotating the support member 202, and then the length protruding from the lower end of the guide member 201 can be adjusted. 201 position, the support member 202 will be supported on the upper end of the skull drill hole, preventing the guide member 201 from penetrating too deep into the drill hole, causing the guide member 201 to cause damage to the brain tissue;

As preferably, a through hole is provided inside the limiter 203, and the limiter 203 is inserted into the inside of the guide groove 104; the limiter 203 is fixedly connected to the outside of the left guide 201; through the limiter 203, the left guide The sliding of 201 is guided and limited.

Wherein, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the middle part of the guide structure is fixedly connected with a position-limiting structure for limiting the position of the guide structure; the position-limiting structure is used to limit the position of the guide structure to prevent the guide structure from sinking into the cutting seam too deeply and hurting the brain tissue.

Wherein, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the guide structure includes a locking part 4; the locking part 4 includes a locking wire 401 and a lead wire slider 402; the locking wire 401 is preferably a medical nylon wire, and the tail end of the locking wire 401 is in the shape of Helically curled; driven by the traction mechanism, the locking part 4 is gradually laid into the cutting seam to surround the cut bone piece, cooperates with the traction mechanism to shrink the locking part 4, and then hugs the cut bone piece tightly. In this way, the cut bone piece can be safely and stably removed from the skull;

Preferably, the limit structure is specifically a lead slider 402, the cross section of the lead slider 402 is a T-shaped structure, and the two ends of the lead slider 402 are respectively connected to the first ends of two locking lines 401; the width of the upper end of the lead slider 402 Greater than the width of the cutting seam, while the width of the lower end of the lead wire slider 402 is smaller than the width of the cutting seam, the upper end of the lead wire slider 402 is limited by the skull and bone slices, and is located on the upper side of the skull and bone slices, while the lower end of the lead wire slider 402 is inserted Inside the cutting seam, and guide the locking wire 401 into the cutting seam, when the wire slider 402 is driven by the traction mechanism to move, it will gradually lay the locking wire 401 into the inside of the cutting seam. Through the above structure, use the locking wire 401 and The lead slider 402 can prevent the brain tissue from being damaged, and at the same time, it can also be more conveniently clamped for the more complicated peripheral bone pieces cut off from the skull.

Wherein, as shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, two traction mechanisms are inserted into the two rotating holes 102 inside the rear end of the mounting part 101, and the two traction mechanisms are connected to the mounting part 101 in rotation; the lower end of the traction mechanism is provided with a storage structure; The storage structure stores both ends of the guide structure. When in use, the guide structure can be pulled by turning the traction mechanism on one side, so that the limit structure moves along the cutting seam, and the guide structure enters the inside of the cutting seam. After the guide structure moves from the starting position to the end position, reversely rotate the traction mechanism on the other side, so that the guide structure can hold the cut bone piece tightly, and then the bone piece can be removed from the skull. Through the above structure, relative to The bone holder transforms the vertical downward movement of the bone holder into a horizontal movement when the guide structure holds the bone fragment tightly, which can effectively prevent brain tissue from being stabbed and is safer. At the same time, the guide structure is relative to the bone fragment There are more contact points. After holding the bone piece tightly, the fixation of the bone piece can be made more stable, which can effectively prevent the bone piece from falling and causing secondary damage to the brain tissue.

Wherein, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the traction mechanism includes a traction part 3; the traction part 3 includes a traction part 301 and a wire box 302; the upper end of the traction part 301 is fixedly connected with a handle for rotating the traction part 301;

Preferably, the storage structure is specifically a wire box 302; the lower end of the traction member 301 is fixedly connected to the wire box 302, and the tail end of the locking wire 401 is stored inside the wire box 302; Movement of block 402 provides locking wire 401 that needs to be accommodated and extended.

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 2 , the right side of the mounting part 101 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 501 ; the right side of the connecting plate 501 is fixedly connected with a holding frame 502 ; by setting the holding part 5 , it is convenient for the experimenter to hold the device.

The specific usage and function of this embodiment: In the present invention, the experimenter needs to determine the distance and penetration depth of the two positioning structures according to the drill holes on the skull, and then hold the device and insert the two positioning structures into the drill. In the hole, and by adjusting the angle of the positioning structure, the guiding structure is cut at the initial position. By rotating the traction mechanism on one side, the traction mechanism will drive the guiding structure to slide to the end position along the track of the cutting seam, and Let the guide structure enter the cutting seam, after the guide structure reaches the end position, by turning the traction mechanism on the other side, the guide structure around the bone piece will be gradually tightened, and hold the bone piece tightly, after lifting the device, Then the bone fragment can be taken out stably and safely.

Embodiment two:

After the bone was taken, the flexible sensor was implanted in the brain of the rat, and the specific steps were as follows:

A. Completely remove the rat skull with tweezers to expose the dura mater;

B. Fix the head of the mouse in the stereotaxic frame with ear bars and bite board to ensure the stability of the brain;

C. Attach the actuator to the stand in the stereotaxic frame and move it using the micromanipulator, fixing the circular flat tip (3 mm in diameter) of the actuator in the center of the open skull region. Then adjust the needle tip to an angle parallel to the surface of the impact site;

D. Establish a zero point by moving the actuator in the extended model down until the tip touches the surface of the impact site;

E. Click start to hit the injured part to reach a deformation depth of 5mm;

F. Implantation of sensors;

G. Suture the wound and rewarm.

The above descriptions are only exemplary implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A novel bone harvesting device, comprising:

the locking mechanism comprises a positioning structure and a guiding structure, wherein the two positioning structures are fixed in a drilled hole drilled before skull cutting and used for limiting the starting position and the ending position of the guiding structure, and the guiding structure moves from the positioning structure at the starting position to a gap between the skull and a bone fragment, and the positioning structure at the ending position stops moving;

the tail ends of the two traction mechanisms are respectively connected with the two ends of the guide structure, the guide structure can move in a gap between the skull and the bone fragments by adjusting the two traction mechanisms, and the guide structure can encircle the outer side of the bone fragments to hug the bone fragments;

the positioning structure comprises a guide part (2); the guide part (2) comprises a guide piece (201), a support piece (202) and a limiting piece (203); the two guide parts (2) are respectively inserted into the rotating hole (102) and the sliding hole (103) at the front end of the mounting piece (101); the lower end of the guide piece (201) is provided with threads for installing the limiting piece (203); a wire hole is formed in the lower end of the thread of the guide piece (201), and the wire hole is circular; screw holes are formed in the support piece (202); the supporting piece (202) is connected to the outer side of the thread of the guide piece (201) through a screw hole and is used for limiting the depth of the bottom of the guide piece (201) penetrating into the skull drill hole; the limiting piece (203) is internally provided with a through hole, and the limiting piece (203) is inserted into the guide groove (104); the limiting piece (203) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the left guide piece (201);

the middle part of the guide structure is fixedly connected with a limiting structure for limiting the position of the guide structure, and the guide structure comprises a locking part (4); the locking part (4) comprises a locking wire (401) and a lead slider (402); the locking wire (401) is a medical nylon wire, and the tail end of the locking wire (401) is spirally curled; the limiting structure is a lead slider (402), and the section of the lead slider (402) is of a T-shaped structure.

2. The novel bone extraction device according to claim 1, further comprising a mounting portion (1) for mounting the locking mechanism and the traction mechanism; the mounting piece (101) of the mounting part (1) is of an I-shaped structure, and rotary holes (102) are respectively formed in the left side and the right side of the rear end of the mounting piece (101) and the right side of the front end of the mounting piece.

3. The novel bone taking device according to claim 2, wherein a sliding hole (103) is formed on the left side of the front end of the mounting piece (101), and the sliding hole (103) is in a shape of a round rectangle; guide grooves (104) which are symmetrical in front and back are formed in the middle of the inner wall of the sliding hole (103) and are used for limiting and guiding one of the positioning structures.

4. A novel bone harvesting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a first one of said positioning structures is inserted inside the rotation hole (102) and is rotatably connected to the mounting member (101); the other positioning structure is inserted into the sliding hole (103) and is in sliding connection with the mounting piece (101) and used for adjusting the distance between the two positioning structures so as to adapt to different-distance drilling holes on the skull.

5. The novel bone harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the guide member (201) is provided with a handle.

6. The novel bone harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the support member (202) is of a basin-shaped configuration.

7. The novel bone taking device according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the lead slider (402) are respectively connected with the head ends of two locking wires (401).

8. The novel bone extraction device according to claim 2, wherein two of said traction mechanisms are inserted inside two rotation holes (102) at the rear end of the mounting member (101) while the two traction mechanisms are rotatably connected to the mounting member (101); the lower extreme of traction mechanism sets up the storage structure.

9. The novel bone extraction device according to claim 7, characterized in that the traction mechanism comprises a traction part (3); the traction part (3) comprises a traction piece (301) and a wire box (302); the upper end of the traction piece (301) is fixedly connected with a handle for rotating the traction piece (301);

the storage structure of the traction mechanism is a wire box (302); the lower end of the traction piece (301) is fixedly connected with a wire box (302), and the tail end of a locking wire (401) is accommodated in the wire box (302).

10. The novel bone extraction device according to claim 2, characterized in that the right side of the mounting member (101) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (501); the right side of the connecting plate (501) is fixedly connected with a holding frame (502).