CN116392195B

CN116392195B - Drill bit

Info

Publication number: CN116392195B
Application number: CN202310678269.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱志亮; 胡建成; 李斌
Original assignee: Hangzhou Rejoin Mastin Medical Device Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Rejoin Mastin Medical Device Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-09
Filing date: 2023-06-09
Publication date: 2023-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2043-06-09
Also published as: CN116392195A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical tools, in particular to a drill bit. The drill bit comprises: the tool bit, the inner rod, the outer rod, the handle and the clamping rod; the distal end of the inner rod is connected with the cutter head; the tool bit is rotationally connected with the far end of the outer rod, and the inner rod is arranged in the outer rod; the handle comprises: the driving piece is provided with an arc-shaped track, and drives the driving piece to enable the inner rod to reciprocate along the length direction of the inner rod, so that the inner rod drives the cutter head to rotate relative to the outer rod, and the angle between the cutter head and the outer rod is adjusted along different positions of the arc-shaped track; the clamping rod is connected to one side of the handle, which is far away from the cutter head. The drill bit provided by the invention can realize the adjustment of the drilling diameter, is convenient to use and is convenient to store.

Description

Drill bit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical tools, in particular to a drill bit.

Background

With the trend of increasing the love of people for sports, the damage caused by the trend of increasing the love of people for sports is not negligible. Especially in skiing, skateboarding, running and other sports, the injury to the knee joint is particularly remarkable. Among them, cruciate ligament rupture is one of the most typical conditions in knee injuries.

The most common procedure currently applied for cruciate ligament rupture is cruciate ligament reconstruction. The patient first needs to take out the original fractured cruciate ligament, then drill bone marrow canal on tibia and femur, obtain tendon from patient or other places, and pass the obtained tendon through bone marrow canal to replace the original cruciate ligament, so as to restore knee joint function of patient.

Wherein, when drilling bone marrow canal, the reverse drill is needed, and the reverse drill has the functions of both forward drilling and reverse drilling. The working principle is as follows: firstly, drilling forward to obtain a bone marrow passage through hole, wherein the diameter of the hole is smaller, so that the fixing piece is hung on the surface of a bone through a bone passage, and meanwhile, the diameter of the bone passage is ensured to be as small as possible, and the collapse of the bone surface and the windshield wiper effect are prevented; switching the reverse drilling into a reverse mode immediately, and starting to drill reversely for a certain distance to obtain a bone canal with a larger diameter so as to ensure that tendons or grafts enter the bone canal;

in general, a reverse drill includes a reverse drill bit and an electric drill body for driving the reverse drill bit to rotate, one specification reverse drill bit corresponds to one drill diameter, and in practical application, it is necessary to provide all specification reverse drill bits to medical staff before an operation starts, and the medical staff needs to select one of several different specification reverse drill bits prepared in advance according to different operation requirements of each patient, which causes inconvenience in use, and a large number of reverse drill bits also causes inconvenience in storage and increases operation costs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a drill bit, which solves the problems of inconvenient use, inconvenient storage and increased operation cost of the drill bit in the prior art to a certain extent.

The present invention provides a drill bit having: proximal and distal ends, further comprising: a cutter head; the distal end of the inner rod is connected with the cutter head; an outer rod, the tool bit being rotatably coupled to the distal end of the outer rod such that the tool bit remains laterally (which may be understood as the radial direction of the outer rod) stationary while permitting rotation when flipped, the inner rod being at least partially disposed within the outer rod; a handle, comprising: the driving piece is provided with an arc-shaped track, and drives the driving piece to enable the inner rod to reciprocate along the length direction of the inner rod, so that the inner rod drives the cutter head to rotate relative to the outer rod, the angle between the cutter head and the outer rod is adjusted along different positions of the arc-shaped track, and the adjustment of different apertures is realized through the overturning of different angles; the clamping rod is connected to one side, far away from the tool bit, of the handle.

The drill bit provided by the invention can realize the adjustment of the drilling diameter, namely, the drill bit provided by the embodiment integrates the functions of the drill bits with a plurality of specifications, and can avoid a user to select a proper drill bit from a plurality of conventional drill bits, thereby saving the selection time and being convenient to use; compared with a plurality of conventional drills, the drill provided by the invention can reduce occupied space and is convenient to store; the use and the storage are convenient, and the operation cost can be reduced; compared with the production of a plurality of specification drill bits, the drill bit provided by the invention can reduce the production specification number, thereby reducing the production cost to a certain extent.

Further, the driving piece comprises a rotating shaft, and one of the outer rod and the handle is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft; the distance from the start end of the arc track to the tail end of the arc track along the rotating shaft gradually increases.

Compared with the driving piece which moves linearly to drive the inner rod to move, the driving piece rotates to drive the inner rod to move, so that the movement range of the driving piece is small, and the structure of the drill bit is compact. The arc track makes the proximal end motion of interior pole smooth and easy for the user laborsaving, facilitates the use more, and the center distance of arc track along the pivot increases gradually simultaneously, thereby when making interior pole along arc track motion, the longitudinal (can be the axial of outer pole immediately) motion interval of interior pole increases and realizes the rotation of tool bit different angles.

Further, the drill bit further comprises: one end of the connecting rod is connected with the cutter head; the inner rod comprises an inner rod base and an inner rod part connected with the inner rod base; an inner rod opening is formed in the inner rod base; the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the distal end of the rod part of the inner rod; the outer rod comprises an outer rod base and an outer rod part connected with the outer rod base, and an outer rod opening is formed in the outer rod base; the inner rod mount is at least partially disposed within the outer rod mount.

The inner rod portion is connected with the tool bit through the connecting rod, the inner rod portion, the connecting rod and the tool bit can form a connecting rod mechanism, so that the movement of the tool bit is flexible, the inner cavity of the outer rod portion is small, and the drill bit is compact in structure. The inner rod opening is formed in the inner rod portion, the outer rod opening is formed in the outer rod portion, and then the inner rod opening and the outer rod opening can be inserted into the part of the roller, so that the whole structure of the drill bit is compact and small in size.

Further, the drill bit further comprises: the pin roll slides in the arc-shaped track and is connected with the inner rod base; the driving piece is a roller; the roller is rotationally connected with the outer rod base along the rotating shaft.

The driving piece is a roller, so that the roller is more convenient for a user to use. The pin shaft slides in the arc-shaped track, so that the inner rod base can move along the arc-shaped track. The pivot passes the axle center hole, and the both ends of pivot are connected with two lateral walls rotations of outer pole base respectively for the rotation of gyro wheel is stable, and pivot and outer pole base rotate to be connected, make the compact structure of handle.

Further, the inner rod base comprises a connector and connecting plates connected to two sides of the connector; the side wall of the connector, which is far away from the roller, is provided with a slot, the tail part of the inner rod part is provided with a flat part, the flat part is inserted into the slot, and the flat part is fixed in the slot through a fastener; the two connecting plates are respectively positioned at two sides of the roller in the axial direction of the roller; the pin shaft is connected between the two connecting plates and penetrates through the arc-shaped track.

The connecting structure of the inner rod base and the inner rod part is simple, and the connection is firm and reliable. The inner rod base is generally U-shaped, the pin shaft is connected between the two connecting plates and penetrates through the arc-shaped track (the arc-shaped track penetrates through the roller to be arranged), so that the inner rod base can slide in the arc-shaped track, connection is facilitated, the pin shaft is constrained, and the pin shaft is prevented from falling off from the arc-shaped track.

Further, the handle further comprises: the outer rod base is arranged in the outer shell; the mounting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the shell; the positioning piece is connected with the mounting groove; the positioning member further includes: one end of the spring is arranged in the mounting groove; the other end of the spring is connected with the plug; the roller is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes, and the adjusting holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the roller; the insert block can be inserted into the adjusting hole.

The spring, the inserting block and the adjusting hole not only can realize the positioning function, but also can make sound so as to play a prompting role.

Further, one end of the outer rod base, which is far away from the outer rod part, is opened; the clamping rod comprises a clamping part, an outer disc and an inner disc which are sequentially connected, a limiting groove is formed between the outer disc and the inner disc, and a plugboard and a backup board are arranged on the inner disc; a limiting plate is arranged on the inner wall of the shell; the clamping part is located outside the shell, the outer disc is in butt with the inner wall of shell, the limiting plate card is established in the spacing groove, the picture peg is inserted and is established in the outer pole base, the open end of outer pole base with the inner disc butt, just the inboard butt of the open end of outer pole base is in on the backup plate.

The angle between the cutter head and the outer rod is adjusted within the range of 0-360 degrees; preferably in the range of 0 ° -180 °; more preferably, the adjustment range is 0 ° -90 °.

Further, the tool bit comprises a forward tool bit and a reverse tool bit connected with the forward tool bit; one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the rod part of the inner rod, is rotationally connected with the reverse tool bit; the forward tool bit is rotationally connected with the outer rod.

The drill bit not only can realize forward drilling, but also can realize reverse drilling, the drilling diameter of the reverse drilling can be adjusted, forward and reverse tool bits are separately arranged, and the use frequency of the tool bits is reduced, so that the abrasion is reduced, and the service life of a tool is prolonged.

Further, when the angle between the reverse tool bit and the outer rod is non-zero and non-flat, the distance from the head end of the reverse tool bit to the axis of the outer rod is greater than the distance from the head end of the forward tool bit to the axis of the outer rod, so that the drilling angle can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the reverse tool bit and the outer rod, and the forward tool bit can be prevented from being worn during the operation of the reverse tool bit.

Further, a connecting rod notch is formed in the head of the connecting rod; the reverse cutter head is clamped in the connecting rod notch and is rotationally connected with the side wall of the connecting rod notch; the head part of the outer rod part is provided with an outer rod notch; the forward tool bit is clamped in the outer rod portion, and is rotationally connected with the side wall of the outer rod notch, and the notch is arranged to enable the tool bit to be firmly connected and compact in structure.

The invention also provides a reverse drill, which comprises the electric drill and the drill bit, wherein the electric drill is connected with the clamping rod.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are for purposes of example and explanation and are not necessarily limiting of the disclosure. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the subject matter of the present disclosure. Meanwhile, the description and drawings are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drill bit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the drill bit shown in FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a cut-away view of the drill bit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the drill bit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer shank of the drill bit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inner rod and linear drive assembly of the drill bit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the roller wheel of the drill bit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the drill bit of FIG. 1 in a first, operational state;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the drill bit of FIG. 1 in a second, operational state;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the drill bit of FIG. 1 in a third, operational state;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the drill bit of FIG. 1 in a fourth, operational state;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the drill bit of FIG. 1 in a fifth state of operation;

fig. 13 is a schematic view of the drill bit of fig. 1 in a sixth state of operation.

Icon: 1-a cutter head; 2-an inner rod; 3-an outer rod; 4-a handle; 5-clamping rods; 6-connecting rods; 7-rotating shaft; 8-proximal end; 9-distal end; 11-positive direction cutter head; 12-reversing tool bit; 21-an inner rod base; 22-an inner shaft; 23-pin shafts; 24-fasteners; 31-an outer rod base; 32-an outer stem portion; 41-a roller; 42-arc track; 43-a housing; 44-mounting slots; 45-springs; 46-inserting blocks; 47-adjusting holes; 48-identification; 49-grooves; 410-limiting plates; 51-a clamping part; 52-an outer disc; 53-inner disc; 54-limit grooves; 55-inserting plates; 56-backup plate.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown.

The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.

All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drill, including: the tool bit 1, the inner rod 2, the outer rod 3, the handle 4 and the clamping rod 5; the distal end of the inner rod 2 is connected with the cutter head 1; the cutter head 1 is rotatably connected with the distal end of the outer rod 3, so that the cutter head is kept transversely (which can be understood as the radial direction of the outer rod) fixed when turned over, and simultaneously allows rotation, and the inner rod 2 is at least partially arranged in the outer rod 3 (a part of the inner rod is positioned in the outer rod, or the inner rod is positioned in the outer rod entirely); the handle 4 comprises a driving piece, wherein an arc-shaped track 42 is arranged on the driving piece, so that the driving piece drives the inner rod 2 to reciprocate along the length direction of the inner rod 2, the inner rod 2 drives the cutter head 1 to rotate relative to the outer rod 3, the angle between the cutter head 1 and the outer rod 3 is regulated along different positions of the arc-shaped track 42, and the regulation of different apertures is realized through the turnover of different angles; the clamping rod 5 is connected to one side of the handle 4 away from the cutter head 1; the drill bit has a proximal end 8 and a distal end 9.

When the drill bit provided by the embodiment is used, the clamping rod 5 can be connected with an electric drill, and the electric drill drives the clamping rod 5 to rotate, so that the whole drill bit is driven to rotate, and drilling of the tool bit 1 is realized. The driving piece is moved, the driving piece can drive the inner rod 2 to reciprocate in the length direction of the inner rod 2 (the inner rod 2 can displace in the length direction of the inner rod 2, and the displacement direction is consistent with the length direction of the inner rod 2, but not limited to, the inner rod 2 is connected with the cutter head 1, the cutter head 1 is rotationally connected with the outer rod 3, and then the inner rod 2 can drive the cutter head 1 to rotate by taking the central line of the rotational connection of the cutter head 1 and the outer rod 3 as the center; the angle between tool bit 1 and outer pole 3 is adjusted along the different positions of arc track 42, and it can be understood that the distance between this different positions and the center of the driving piece is different, and the proximal end of interior pole 2 can be along arc track 42 removal, and the proximal end of interior pole 2 is in the different positions of arc track 42, and the displacement of interior pole 2 is different to make tool bit 1 relative to outer pole 3 pivoted angle difference, thereby adjusted the angle between tool bit 1 and the outer pole 3, and then adjusted the radius of rotation of tool bit 1, and then adjusted the drilling diameter.

The drill bit provided by the implementation can realize the adjustment of the drilling diameter, namely, the drill bit provided by the embodiment integrates the functions of the drill bits with a plurality of specifications, and can avoid a user to select a proper drill bit from a plurality of conventional drill bits, so that the selection time is saved, and the drill bit is convenient to use; compared with a plurality of conventional drills, the drill provided by the embodiment can reduce occupied space and is convenient to store; the use and the storage are convenient, and the operation cost can be reduced; compared with the production of a plurality of specification drills, the drill provided by the embodiment can reduce the production specification number, so that the production cost can be reduced to a certain extent.

Wherein the driving member can reciprocate linearly up and down in the lateral direction (which can be understood as the radial direction of the outer rod) within the housing of the handle, for example: the driving piece is a push plate which is in sliding connection with the outer rod base 31 and can reciprocate in the transverse direction in a linear manner; the arc-shaped track 42 is arranged on the push plate, the arc-shaped track 42 extends along the sliding direction of the push plate, and the proximal end of the inner rod base 21 is arranged in the arc-shaped track in a sliding manner; when the push plate is driven to move linearly upward or downward, the arc-shaped rail 42 moves accordingly, and the proximal end of the inner rod base 21 relatively slides along the arc-shaped rail 42, thereby changing the distance between the proximal end of the inner rod base 21 and the center line of the push plate, and further realizing the movement of the inner rod base 21 in the longitudinal direction.

As an alternative, the driving member includes a rotation shaft 7, the rotation shaft 7 is rotatably connected with the outer rod 3, or the rotation shaft 7 is rotatably connected with the handle 4 (specifically, the rotation shaft 7 is rotatably connected with the housing 43 of the handle 4), compared with the driving member which moves linearly to drive the inner rod 2 to move, the driving member rotates to drive the inner rod 2 to move, and the movement range of the driving member is small, so that the structure of the drill bit can be compact.

Wherein, realize along the angle between arc track 42's the different positions regulation tool bit 1 and the outer pole 3, arc track 42 can include a plurality of arc sections that link up in proper order, and same arc section corresponds same drilling diameter, and different arc sections correspond different drilling diameters, namely round pin axle 23 by an arc section to adjacent arc section after, interior pole 2 takes place the displacement in the length direction of interior pole 2, and then changes the angle between tool bit 1 and the outer pole 3. It will be appreciated that the transition between two adjacent arcuate segments is rounded.

As an alternative, as shown in fig. 3 and 7, the distance from the start of the arc-shaped rail 42 to the end of the arc-shaped rail 42 along the rotation shaft 7 gradually increases.

In this embodiment, from the start of the arc track 42 to the end of the arc track 42, the distance from the arc track 42 to the center of the rotating shaft 7 gradually increases, that is, the arc track 42 is a spiral track; the driving piece is rotated, so that the position of the proximal end of the inner rod 2 on the arc-shaped track 42 can be changed, and the distance between each position of the arc-shaped track 42 and the center of the rotating shaft 7 is different; the inner rod 2 is displaced relative to the outer rod 3 in the length direction of the inner rod 2 due to the restriction of the outer rod; the proximal end of the inner rod 2 is located at different positions of the arcuate track 42 corresponding to different displacements of the inner rod 2 and thus different angles between the tool bit 1 and the outer rod portion 32 and thus different borehole diameters. The arc-shaped track 42 enables the proximal end of the inner rod 2 to move smoothly, so that a user can save labor and use the device more conveniently, and meanwhile, the center distance of the arc-shaped track 42 along the rotating shaft 7 is gradually increased, so that when the inner rod 2 moves along the arc-shaped track, the longitudinal movement interval of the inner rod 2 (the axial direction of the outer rod can be immediately increased), and the rotation of different angles of the cutter head can be realized.

Wherein the inner rod 2 can be directly connected with the cutter head 1.

As an alternative, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the drill bit further includes: the connecting rod 6, one end of the connecting rod 6 is connected with the tool bit 1; the inner rod 2 includes an inner rod base 21 and an inner rod portion 22 connected to the inner rod base 21; the inner rod base 21 is provided with an inner rod opening; the other end of the connecting rod 6 is connected with the distal end of the inner rod portion 22 (the end of the inner rod portion 22 far away from the inner rod base 21); the outer rod 3 comprises an outer rod base 31 and an outer rod portion 32 connected with the outer rod base 31, and an outer rod opening is formed in the outer rod base 31; the inner rod mount 21 is at least partially disposed within the outer rod mount 31. Specifically, the angle between the cutter head 1 and the outer shank 3 is the angle between the cutter head 1 and the outer shank 32.

In this embodiment, the inner rod 22 is connected with the tool bit 1 through the connecting rod 6, and the inner rod 22, the connecting rod 6 and the tool bit 1 may form a connecting rod 6 mechanism, so that the tool bit 1 is flexible to move, and the inner rod 22 can be prevented from swinging greatly in the longitudinal section of the inner rod 2, that is, the connecting rod 6 is provided to enable the inner rod 22 to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction (which can be understood as the axial direction of the outer rod 32), so that the inner rod 22 is prevented from moving in the transverse direction (which can be understood as the radial direction of the outer rod 32) to some extent, and thus the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the outer rod 32 is small, and the drill bit is compact. By providing the inner rod opening on the inner rod portion 22 and the outer rod opening on the outer rod portion 32, partial insertion of the driving member into the inner rod opening and the outer rod opening can be achieved, resulting in a more compact overall structure and a smaller volume of the drill bit.

It will be appreciated that the interior of the outer rod portion 32 and the interior of the outer rod base 31 are both provided with cavities, the interior of the outer rod portion 32 communicating with the interior of the outer rod base 31 to form the cavity in which the inner rod 2 moves. The outer rod base 31 is provided with an outer rod opening communicating with the inner cavity thereof.

The outer rod base 31 and the outer rod portion 32 may be connected by means of a snap fit or a threaded connection.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the drill bit further includes a pin 23, the pin 23 sliding within the arcuate track 42 and being connected to the inner rod base 21; the driving piece is a roller 41; the roller 41 is rotatably connected with the outer rod base 31 along the rotation shaft 7.

In this embodiment, the driving member is a roller 41 for convenient use. One end of the pin 23 is connected with one side of the inner rod base 21, the other end of the pin 23 passes through the arc-shaped track 42 and is connected with the other side of the inner rod base 21, and the pin 23 slides in the arc-shaped track 42, so that the inner rod base 21 can move along the arc-shaped track 42, namely, the proximal end of the inner rod 2 can move along the arc-shaped track 42. Both ends of the rotating shaft 7 are respectively connected with two side walls of the outer rod base 31 in a rotating way, so that the roller 41 is stable in rotation, and the rotating shaft 7 is connected with the outer rod base 31 in a rotating way, so that the handle 4 is compact in structure.

On the basis of the embodiment, the inner rod portion 22 and the inner rod base 21 can be connected by clamping; alternatively, a screw hole may be provided in the head portion of the inner rod base 21, an external screw may be provided in the tail portion of the inner rod 22, and the inner rod 22 may be screwed into the inner rod base 21.

As an alternative, as shown in fig. 6, the inner rod base 21 includes a connection head and connection plates connected to both sides of the connection head; the side wall of the connector, which is far away from the roller 41, is provided with a slot, the tail part of the inner rod part 22 is provided with a flat part, the flat part is inserted into the slot, and the flat part is fixed in the slot through a fastener 24 (such as a pin or a screw, etc.) (specifically, the fastener 24 passes through the slot and the flat part from the upper part of the connector); in the axial direction of the roller 41, two connecting plates are respectively positioned at two sides of the roller 41; the pin 23 is connected between the two connection plates and passes through the arc-shaped track 42.

In this embodiment, the connection structure between the inner rod base 21 and the inner rod portion 22 is simple, and the connection is firm and reliable. The inner rod base 21 is generally U-shaped, and the pin 23 is connected between two connection plates and passes through the arc-shaped track 42 (it will be appreciated that the arc-shaped track 42 is disposed through the roller 41), so as to slide in the arc-shaped track 42, thereby facilitating connection, restraining the pin 23 and preventing the pin 23 from falling off from the arc-shaped track 42.

As an alternative, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of grooves 49 are uniformly distributed on the sidewall of the roller 41 in the circumferential direction of the roller 41. In this embodiment, the side wall of the roller 41 is a wall parallel to the axial direction of the roller 41, and a plurality of grooves 49 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the roller 41, and the roller 41 can be rotated by placing the thumb in the grooves 49, so that the roller 41 can be rotated conveniently and in a labor-saving manner. Alternatively, the inner wall of the groove 49 is arc-shaped, and can be adapted to the shape of the finger.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the handle 4 further includes, on the basis of the above embodiment: the outer case 43, the outer lever base 31 is provided in the outer case 43. The outer shell 43 is fixed relative to the outer rod base 31, and the outer shell 43 can shield the outer rod base 31, so that the drill bit is regular in structure, convenient for a user to hold and adjust the drilling diameter, and further convenient to use. The casing 43 is provided with a window so that part of the roller 41 can be exposed to the outside, thereby facilitating the user to drive the roller 41. The housing 43 may be configured to be ergonomic and more convenient for a user to hold.

Specifically, the upper and lower of the outer rod base 31 may be provided with outer rod openings, and correspondingly, the upper and lower of the outer shell 43 may be provided with windows, so that the upper and lower symmetrical arrangement of the outer rod base 31 and the handle 4 is convenient, and the processing and manufacturing are convenient.

Alternatively, the housing 43 may include an upper housing 43 and a lower housing 43, where the upper housing 43 and the lower housing 43 are fastened together to form the entire housing 43, which is convenient for installation.

The handle 4 further comprises a positioning member connected between the housing 43 and the roller 41 to fix the position of the roller 41 relative to the outer lever base 31, and when the roller 41 is driven by a user to rotate a certain angle so that the pin 23 is located at a certain position of the arc-shaped track 42, the positioning member can fix the current position of the roller 41.

The structural form of the positioning member can be various, for example: along the circumferential direction of the roller 41, the roller 41 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, the shell 43 is rotatably provided with bolts, and the heads of the bolts are positioned outside the shell 43; when the diameter of the drilled hole is adjusted, the bolt is unscrewed from the threaded hole on the current roller 41, the roller 41 is rotated, and when the roller 41 is rotated to the required diameter of the drilled hole, the bolt is screwed into the threaded hole on the corresponding roller 41 again.

As an alternative, as shown in fig. 4, a mounting groove 44 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 43; the positioning piece comprises a spring 45 and an insert 46; one end of the spring 45 is disposed in the mounting groove 44; the other end of the spring 45 is connected with an insert 46; the roller 41 is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes 47, and the plurality of adjusting holes 47 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the roller 41; the insert 46 can be inserted into the adjustment hole 47.

In this embodiment, the spring 45 tends to urge the insert 46 against an adjustment aperture 47 in the roller 41 to position the roller 41. When the roller 41 is rotated, the action of the roller 41 drives the insert 46 to separate from the current adjusting hole 47 until the roller 41 reaches the required position, and the spring 45 pushes the insert 46 into the corresponding adjusting hole 47, so that the current position of the roller 41 is fixed, the current position of the inner rod base 21 is fixed, and the current position of the cutter head 1 is fixed. The spring 45, the insert 46 and the adjusting hole 47 not only can realize the positioning function, but also can make sound so as to play a prompting role. The spring 45 is installed in the installation groove 44, and the insert 46 can slide in the installation groove 44, so that the movement of the spring 45 and the movement of the insert 46 are smooth.

The adjusting holes 47 may be formed on both sides of the roller 41, or the adjusting holes 47 may be formed through the roller 41, and the springs 45 and the inserts 46 may be formed on both opposite inner walls of the housing 43, so that the roller 41 may be positioned on both sides, so that the roller 41 is positioned more stably.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, further, on the basis of the above embodiment, one end of the outer rod base 31, which is far away from the outer rod portion 32, is opened (i.e., the upper and lower sides of the outer rod base 31 are provided with outer rod openings, and the distal end of the outer rod base 31 is provided with a distal end opening); the clamping rod 5 comprises a clamping part 51 (the clamping part 51 is used for being connected with an electric drill), an outer disc 52 and an inner disc 53 which are sequentially connected, a limiting groove 54 is formed between the outer disc 52 and the inner disc 53, and a plugboard 55 and a backup board 56 are arranged on the inner disc 53; the inner wall of the outer shell 43 is provided with a limiting plate 410; the clamping part 51 is located outside the casing 43, the outer disc 52 is abutted against the inner wall of the casing 43, the limiting plate 410 is clamped in the limiting groove 54 (the limiting plate 410 is clamped in the limiting groove 54 so as to realize the connection between the casing 43 and the clamping rod 5), the inserting plate 55 is inserted into the outer rod base 31 (the inserting plate 55 is inserted into the inner cavity of the outer rod base 31 from the distal end opening of the outer rod base 31 so as to realize the connection between the clamping rod 5 and the outer rod 3), the open end of the outer rod base 31 is abutted against the inner disc 53, the inner side of the open end of the outer rod base 31 is abutted against the backup plate 56, and the backup plate 56 supports and limits the outer rod base 31. The clamping rod 5 with the structure is convenient to assemble with the shell 43 and the outer rod base 31, and is stable in connection.

It will be appreciated that the clamping lever 5 and the outer lever 3 are coaxially arranged.

Further, on the basis of the embodiment, the angle between the cutter head 1 and the outer rod 3 is adjusted to be 0-360 degrees; preferably in the range of 0 ° -180 °; the more preferable adjusting range is 0 ° -90 ° (for example, 30 °, 35 °, 40 °, 45 °, 50 °, 60 °, 70 °, 80 ° or 90 °), and on the premise of meeting the drilling diameter adjusting requirement, the setting of the total length of the arc-shaped track 42 can be reduced, so that the adjustment is convenient.

As shown in fig. 2, further, the cutter head 1 includes a forward cutter head 11 and a reverse cutter head 12 connected to the forward cutter head 11; one end of the connecting rod 6, which is far away from the inner rod portion 22, is rotationally connected with the reversing tool bit 12, so that the driving roller 41 moves to drive the inner rod portion 22 to move and further drive the reversing tool bit 12 to rotate relative to the outer rod portion 32; the forward tool bit 11 is rotatably connected with the outer rod 3.

Specifically, the angle between the counter bit 12 and the outer shank portion 32 is adjusted in the range of 0 ° -360 °; preferably in the range of 0 ° -180 °; more preferably, the adjustment range is 0 ° -90 °.

In this embodiment, when the pin 23 is located at the beginning end of the arc track 42, the tip of the reverse tool bit 12 can be retracted in the outer rod portion 32, and the tip of the forward tool bit 11 is located outside the outer rod portion 32, when the electric drill drives the drill bit to rotate, the forward tool bit 11 drills holes; the user drives the roller 41 to rotate, so that the pin 23 moves towards the tail end of the arc-shaped track 42 relative to the roller 41, in the process, the reverse cutter head 12 rotates outwards of the outer rod portion 32, the forward cutter head 11 rotates towards the inner direction close to the outer rod portion 32, and the angle between the reverse cutter head 12 and the outer rod portion 32 is adjusted by adjusting the rotation angle of the reverse cutter head 12, so that the drilling diameter is adjusted. When the drill bit provided by the embodiment is applied to drilling a bone marrow canal, the drill bit can realize forward drilling and reverse drilling, and the drilling diameter of the reverse drilling can be adjusted; the forward and reverse tool bits are arranged separately, so that the use frequency of the tool bits is reduced, abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the tool is prolonged.

Specifically, when the angle between the reverse bit 12 and the outer rod 3 (specifically, the angle between the reverse bit 12 and the outer rod portion 32) is a non-zero angle and a non-flat angle, the distance from the head end of the reverse bit 12 to the axis of the outer rod 3 is greater than the distance from the head end of the forward bit 11 to the axis of the outer rod 3, so that the drilling angle can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the reverse bit 12 and the outer rod 3, and the forward bit wear can be avoided when the reverse bit is in operation.

Optionally, the axis of the forward cutter head 11 and the axis of the reverse cutter head 12 are in the same straight line, the length of the reverse cutter head 12 is greater than that of the forward cutter head 11, and the structure is simple, so that when the angle between the reverse cutter head 12 and the outer rod 3 is non-zero and non-flat, the distance from the head end of the reverse cutter head 12 to the axis of the outer rod 3 is always greater than the distance from the head end of the forward cutter head 11 to the axis of the outer rod 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the head of the connecting rod 6 is provided with a connecting rod notch; the reverse cutter head 12 is clamped in the connecting rod notch and is rotationally connected with the side wall of the connecting rod notch; the head of the outer rod part 32 is provided with an outer rod notch; the forward tool bit 11 is clamped in the outer rod portion 32 and is rotatably connected with the side wall of the outer rod notch.

In this embodiment, the head of the connecting rod 6 is provided with a connecting rod notch, and the head of the outer rod portion 32 is provided with an outer rod notch, so that the reverse tool bit 12 can be conveniently retracted in the outer rod portion 32, and the tool tip of the reverse tool bit 12 faces the inner part of the outer rod portion 32, and meanwhile, the tool tip of the forward tool bit 11 extends out of the outer rod portion 32, and at this time, forward drilling can be performed. The notch sets up and makes tool bit connection more firm and the structure compacter.

As an alternative, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of marks 48 are provided on the roller 41 along the circumferential direction of the roller 41, and the marks 48 may represent distances between the corresponding positions of the pin 23 and the center of the roller 41, and one distance corresponds to one drilling diameter according to the geometric relationship.

Alternatively, the identifier 48 may represent a borehole diameter, such as: the pin shaft 23 is positioned at the beginning end of the arc-shaped track 42, the cutter head 1 is positioned at the initial position, at the moment, the forward cutter head 11 and the outer rod form 180 degrees, the cutter tip of the forward cutter head 11 is positioned outside the rod part 32 of the outer rod, and the reverse cutter head 12 is retracted in the outer rod 3, so that forward drilling can be performed; when the cutter head 1 is turned over and the reverse cutter head 12 starts working, and the mark of 4mm is exposed out of the shell, the diameter of the drilled hole of the reverse cutter head 12 is 4mm; when the indicia 48 representing 12mm is exposed from the housing 43, it is shown that the pin 23 is located at the end of the arcuate track 42 where the counter bit has a maximum borehole diameter of 12mm. The above list is illustrative only and is not limiting of the size of the borehole. It will be appreciated that the identifier 48 corresponds to the diameter of the borehole, i.e., the diameter of the expandable bone marrow tract; but the rotating roller 41 adjusts the drilling radius, i.e., the distance between the axis of the outer shaft 32 and the inner wall of the expandable bone marrow tract.

The placement of the identifier 48 is more convenient to use, allowing the physician to adjust directly to the diameter location where perforation is desired during use.

The plurality of marks 48 may be provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of adjustment holes 47. The following illustrates the working procedure of the reverse drill provided in the embodiment of the present invention when drilling bone marrow:

1, a medical electric drill is connected with a clamping rod 5, and when the medical electric drill rotates, the clamping rod 5 is driven to drive the whole drill bit to rotate.

2, the cutter head 1 is positioned at the initial position (the reverse cutter head 12 is retracted into the outer rod portion 32, and the cutter tip of the forward cutter head 11 is exposed out of the outer rod portion 32); after the medical staff determines the specific drilling position, an electric drill can be started to drill holes; after the electric drill is started, the tool bit 1 rotates rapidly, and simultaneously, a load is applied to the inside of the bone, so that the tool bit 1 advances in the bone, as shown in fig. 8.

3, drilling forward until the bone marrow canal is opened, and positioning all the cutter heads 1 outside the bone marrow canal as shown in fig. 9; for example: when a femoral tunnel is drilled in a cruciate ligament reconstruction technologist, the product needs to be drilled through femoral condyles and the part of the tool bit 1 is exposed; when a tibial tunnel is drilled, the product needs to be drilled through to a tibial platform and the part of the cutter head 1 is exposed; the current drilling is the first drilling, and belongs to small holes in the required stepped holes.

4, closing the electric drill after confirming that the tool bit 1 is completely exposed; according to the operation condition of different patients, the medical staff selects a drilling diameter, rotates the roller 41, observes the scale on the roller 41 to the position of the required diameter, and can enable the reversing tool bit 12 to be overturned to the position of the required diameter, as shown in fig. 10.

And 5, after the reverse tool bit 12 reaches the set position, restarting the electric drill to start reverse drilling, and pulling the electric drill in the direction opposite to the force application direction of the first drilling, so that the large hole drilling in the stepped hole can be realized, as shown in fig. 11.

And 6, determining the depth of the reverse drilling hole by medical staff according to the scales on the product according to the surgical demands of different patients.

7, after reaching the depth of the desired back drilling, the drill is turned off as shown in fig. 12.

8, rotating the roller 41 on the handle to an initial position, for example: at the position of 4mm, as shown in fig. 13, the cutter head 1 can be turned to the original position.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention. In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments.

Claims

1. A drill bit, comprising: a proximal end and a distal end;

comprising the following steps:

a cutter head;

the distal end of the inner rod is connected with the cutter head;

the tool bit is rotationally connected with the far end of the outer rod, and the inner rod is at least partially arranged in the outer rod;

a handle, comprising: the driving piece is provided with an arc-shaped track, and the driving piece is driven to enable the inner rod to reciprocate along the length direction of the inner rod, so that the inner rod drives the cutter head to rotate relative to the outer rod, and the angle between the cutter head and the outer rod is adjusted along different positions of the arc-shaped track; the driving piece is a roller;

the clamping rod is connected to one side, far away from the cutter head, of the handle;

the driving piece comprises a rotating shaft; the outer rod is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft;

the distance from the start end of the arc-shaped track to the tail end of the arc-shaped track to the rotating shaft is gradually increased;

the drill bit also comprises a connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod is connected with the tool bit;

the inner rod comprises an inner rod base and an inner rod part connected with the inner rod base; an inner rod opening is formed in the inner rod base; the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the distal end of the rod part of the inner rod;

the outer rod comprises an outer rod base and an outer rod part connected with the outer rod base, and an outer rod opening is formed in the outer rod base;

the inner rod base is at least partially arranged in the outer rod base;

the handle further comprises:

the outer rod base is arranged in the outer shell;

the mounting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the shell;

the positioning piece is connected with the mounting groove;

the positioning piece comprises:

one end of the spring is arranged in the mounting groove;

the other end of the spring is connected with the plug;

the roller is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes, and the adjusting holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the roller; the insert block can be inserted into the adjusting hole;

the drill bit further comprises: the pin roll slides in the arc-shaped track and is connected with the inner rod base;

the roller is rotationally connected with the outer rod base along the rotating shaft;

the inner rod base comprises a connector and connecting plates connected to two sides of the connector;

the side wall of the connector, which is far away from the roller, is provided with a slot, the tail part of the inner rod part is provided with a flat part, the flat part is inserted into the slot, and the flat part is fixed in the slot through a fastener;

the two connecting plates are respectively positioned at two sides of the roller in the axial direction of the roller; the pin shaft is connected between the two connecting plates and penetrates through the arc-shaped track.

2. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein the drill bit,

the outer rod base is arranged at one end far away from the outer rod part in an open mode;

the clamping rod comprises a clamping part, an outer disc and an inner disc which are sequentially connected, a limiting groove is formed between the outer disc and the inner disc, and a plugboard and a backup board are arranged on the inner disc;

a limiting plate is arranged on the inner wall of the shell;

the clamping part is located outside the shell, the outer disc is in butt with the inner wall of shell, the limiting plate card is established in the spacing groove, the picture peg is inserted and is established in the outer pole base, the open end of outer pole base with the inner disc butt, just the inboard butt of the open end of outer pole base is in on the backup plate.

3. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein the angle between the bit and the outer shank is adjusted in the range of 0 ° -360 °.

4. The drill bit according to any one of claim 1 to 3,

the cutter head comprises a forward cutter head and a reverse cutter head connected with the forward cutter head;

one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the rod part of the inner rod, is rotationally connected with the reverse tool bit;

the forward tool bit is rotationally connected with the outer rod.

5. The drill bit of claim 4, wherein the drill bit,

when the angle between the reverse tool bit and the outer rod is a non-zero angle and a non-flat angle, the distance from the head end of the reverse tool bit to the axis of the outer rod is greater than the distance from the head end of the forward tool bit to the axis of the outer rod.

6. The drill bit of claim 5, wherein the drill bit,

the head of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod notch; the reverse cutter head is clamped in the connecting rod notch and is rotationally connected with the side wall of the connecting rod notch;

the head part of the outer rod part is provided with an outer rod notch; the forward tool bit is clamped in the rod part of the outer rod and is rotationally connected with the side wall of the notch of the outer rod.