CN116388324A - Voltage equalization module, method, energy storage device, and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Voltage equalization module, method, energy storage device, and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116388324A CN116388324A CN202310279180.0A CN202310279180A CN116388324A CN 116388324 A CN116388324 A CN 116388324A CN 202310279180 A CN202310279180 A CN 202310279180A CN 116388324 A CN116388324 A CN 116388324A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- module
- equalization
- voltage
- battery
- single battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a voltage equalization module, a method, an energy storage device and a readable storage medium, which are applied to the energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device comprises a high-voltage electric module and a battery module which are electrically connected, the voltage equalization module is integrated in the high-voltage electric module, the battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries, the voltage equalization module is used for equalizing voltages among the plurality of single batteries, and the voltage equalization module comprises: the main control sub-module is used for acquiring the electric quantity information of each single battery and determining a target single battery to be balanced according to the electric quantity information; and the equalization sub-module is used for carrying out electric quantity equalization processing on the target single battery. The equalization submodule is designed in the high-voltage electric module, so that the equalization space is released, and an equalization mode with larger power can be designed, so that the equalization current is increased, the equalization effect is more obvious, and each single battery is ensured to keep the same state during normal use.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a voltage balancing module, a voltage balancing method, an energy storage device, and a readable storage medium.
Background
The lithium ion battery is a battery which uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as a negative electrode material and uses a nonaqueous electrolyte solution, has the characteristics of high energy density, no memory effect, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of portable electronic products, electric tools, electric automobiles, energy storage and the like. When a group of lithium ion batteries are charged and discharged, considering the inconsistency of each single battery, equalization measures can be taken to ensure the safety and stability of the batteries, but the equalization effect generated by the equalization circuit designed at present is not obvious and the equalization current is small.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a voltage equalization module, a method, an energy storage device and a readable storage medium for solving the problems of the prior art that the equalization effect generated by the equalization circuit is not obvious and the equalization current is small.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a voltage equalization module, which is applied to an energy storage device, the energy storage device includes a high-voltage electric module and a battery module that are electrically connected, the voltage equalization module is integrated in the high-voltage electric module, the battery module includes a plurality of unit cells, the voltage equalization module is used for equalizing voltages among the plurality of unit cells, and the voltage equalization module includes:
the main control sub-module is used for acquiring the electric quantity information of each single battery and determining a target single battery to be balanced according to the electric quantity information;
and the equalization sub-module is used for carrying out electric quantity equalization processing on the target single battery.
In one embodiment, the power information includes a voltage signal, the main control sub-module is further configured to control the equalization sub-module to communicate with the target unit cell, and the main control sub-module includes:
the main controller is used for determining the target single battery to be balanced according to the voltage signals of the single batteries and outputting an equalization control signal;
the switch control unit is connected with the main controller and is used for outputting a gating signal according to the equalization control signal;
and the gating unit is respectively connected with the switch control unit and the equalization submodule and is used for conducting the target single battery with the equalization submodule according to the gating signal.
In one embodiment, the number of the single batteries is N, and the gating unit includes:
2n+1 switching devices; the positive electrode of the N-th single battery is connected with the 2N-1-th switching device, the negative electrode of the N-th single battery is connected with the 2N+1-th switching device, and the 2N-1-th switching device is connected with the 2N+1-th switching device through the 2N-th switching device;
the gating unit is used for closing a target switching device corresponding to the target single battery and opening the rest switching devices according to the gating signal so as to enable the target single battery and the equalization submodule to form a closed loop.
In one embodiment, the main controller is further configured to receive a switching instruction, where the switching instruction is configured to instruct the main controller to control the equalization submodule to perform switching of an equalization mode; the equalization modes include an active equalization mode and a passive equalization mode.
In one embodiment, in the active equalization mode, the equalization submodule includes:
and the active equalization unit is used for transferring the electric energy of the target single battery to other single batteries except the target single battery so as to equalize the electric quantity of each single battery.
In one embodiment, the active equalization unit comprises a DC/DC conversion circuit and a DC bus;
the input end of the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with the gating unit, and the output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with the direct current bus;
the DC/DC conversion circuit is used for converting the electric energy of the target single battery and transferring the electric energy to other single batteries except the target single battery through the direct current bus.
In one embodiment, in the active equalization mode, the switch control unit is further configured to send a response signal to the main controller after the target unit cell is turned on with the equalization submodule, and the main controller is further configured to send an enable signal to the equalization submodule according to the response signal, so as to start the DC/DC conversion circuit.
In one embodiment, in the passive equalization mode, the equalization sub-module further includes:
and the passive equalization unit is used for carrying out discharge treatment on the target single batteries so as to equalize the electric quantity of each single battery.
In one embodiment, the passive equalization unit includes:
and the power resistor is connected with the target single battery and is used for consuming redundant electric energy in the target single battery.
The application provides a voltage equalization method, which is applied to a voltage equalization module, and comprises the following steps:
the master control submodule is controlled to acquire electric quantity information of each single battery, and a target single battery to be balanced is determined according to the electric quantity information;
and controlling an equalization sub-module to perform electric quantity equalization on the target single battery.
The application provides an energy storage device, comprising:
a high voltage electric module comprising a voltage equalization module as described above;
the battery module is electrically connected with the high-voltage electric module and comprises a plurality of single batteries;
the battery detection module is connected with the battery module and is used for detecting electric quantity information of each single battery.
In one embodiment, a plurality of the single batteries are in a serial structure;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each single battery are respectively connected with an equalizing line;
in the series structure, the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the adjacent single batteries share one equalizing line.
The present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method as described above.
According to the voltage balancing module, the main control sub-module and the balancing sub-module are integrated in the high-voltage electric module, the main control sub-module determines the target single battery to be balanced according to the acquired electric quantity information of each single battery, the balancing sub-module performs electric quantity balancing treatment on the target single battery, and the balancing sub-module is designed in the high-voltage electric module, so that a balancing space is released, a balancing mode with larger power can be designed, balancing current is increased, balancing effect is obvious, and the same state of each single battery is ensured when the single battery is normally used.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of embodiments or conventional techniques of the present application, the drawings required for the descriptions of the embodiments or conventional techniques will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage balancing module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of a voltage balancing module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of a voltage balancing module according to an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a voltage balancing method according to an embodiment.
Reference numerals illustrate:
and the main control sub-module: 100; and (3) a main controller: 101; and a switch control unit: 102, a step of; and a gating unit: 103; and an equalization sub-module: 200; passive equalization unit: 201; power resistance: 2011; an active equalization unit: 202; DC/DC conversion circuit: 2021; direct current bus: 2022; high-voltage electric module: 300.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present application, a more complete description of the present application will now be provided with reference to the relevant figures. Examples of the present application are given in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," and/or the like, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or groups thereof. Also, in this specification, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.
The power supply used by the equipment such as the electric automobile which uses the power supply as an energy source has higher requirements on voltage and current, so that a plurality of single batteries are generally combined into a battery module in a serial connection mode to be used as the power supply. However, the single batteries have inconsistency, even if the batteries are produced in the same batch by the same manufacturer, in the production process, the inconsistency of the overall battery capacity can be caused due to the inconsistency of the diaphragm, the cathode material, the anode material and the like; or during the charge and discharge of the battery, even though the production and processing of the two electric cores are identical, the thermal environment cannot always be consistent in the electrochemical reaction process, for example, the temperature of a circle around the battery module is lower than that of the middle part, which causes long-term inconsistency of charge and discharge quantity and further causes inconsistency of battery capacity. The above-mentioned inconsistency affects the performance of the whole battery module, because the capacity of the whole battery module system in series is determined by the cell with the smallest capacity, so that the remaining battery capacity (State of Charge, SOC) of the cell with the smallest capacity is already low when discharging or the cell with the smallest capacity is already full when charging, at this time, the discharging or charging of the whole battery module needs to be stopped to prevent the cell from being in an overdischarged or overcharged State, but the electric quantity of the remaining cells cannot be fully utilized, resulting in a decrease in the actual available capacity of the battery module, affecting the service efficiency of the battery module, and increasing the cycle number of charging and discharging, and attenuating the life of the battery module.
Therefore, in order to achieve more efficient battery module application, a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) is generally used to monitor and manage the battery module, prevent the battery cells from being overcharged and overdischarged, and perform an equalization process on the battery module, so that the battery cells with inconsistent capacities become consistent in order to weaken the influence of the inconsistent battery capacities. However, the equalization effect generated by the equalization method of the existing BMS is not obvious, the equalization current cannot be further improved, and the heat dissipation in the equalization process is affected.
Based on this, the present application provides a voltage balancing module to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, referring specifically to fig. 1, the voltage balancing module is applied to an energy storage device, the energy storage device includes a high-voltage electric module and a battery module that are electrically connected, the voltage balancing module is integrated in the high-voltage electric module, the battery module includes a plurality of unit cells, and the voltage balancing module is used for balancing voltages among the plurality of unit cells. The voltage balancing module comprises a main control sub-module 100 and a balancing sub-module 200, wherein the main control sub-module 100 is used for obtaining the electric quantity information of each single battery, determining a target single battery to be balanced according to the electric quantity information, and the balancing sub-module 200 is used for carrying out electric quantity balancing processing on the target single battery.
Specifically, the battery module may be formed of a plurality of battery packs, each of which is formed of a plurality of battery cells connected in series (fig. 1 illustrates the battery module as being divided into two battery packs, for example), such as a power supply formed of two battery packs, in some embodiments, wherein each of the battery packs is formed of eight battery cells connected in series, and a total of 16 battery cells connected in series, and each of the battery cells is charged simultaneously to store energy or discharged simultaneously to supply power to the electric device when the battery module is operated. In an embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a slave control board connected to each unit cell, where the slave control board may be located in the battery module, and the slave control board is configured to collect state parameters of each unit cell, so that the voltage equalization module performs equalization control and thermal management control, where the state parameters include, but are not limited to, voltage and current of the unit cell, total voltage and total current of the battery module, temperature, and the like, that is, the state parameters may represent electrical quantity information and temperature information of each unit cell.
Further, the slave control board CAN perform data communication with the master control sub-module 100 through the CAN bus, the master control sub-module 100 further obtains electric quantity information of each single battery, calculates and analyzes the single battery to be balanced according to the electric quantity information, and uses the single battery as a target single battery, wherein the balancing refers to that the high-energy target single battery is slowly charged and the low-energy target single battery is quickly charged in the charging process, and the situation is opposite in the discharging process. And further, the main control sub-module 100 sends an equalization instruction to the equalization sub-module 200, and controls the equalization sub-module 200 to be connected with the target single battery, so that the electric quantity equalization processing of the target single battery is realized, and the effect that the electric quantity of all single batteries is consistent when the battery module is charged and discharged is achieved.
Optionally, the balancing sub-module 200 may actively balance the target unit cell, or may passively balance the target unit cell. It should be noted that, because the existing BMS balancing mode is integrated in the battery module, the battery balancing effect is not obvious because the space of the battery module is limited, the balancing current cannot be further improved due to the influence of the space, and the heat dissipation in the balancing process is affected. The main control sub-module 100 and the balancing sub-module 200 are both arranged in the high-voltage electric module 300, the high-voltage electric module 300 can be a high-voltage box with a large space, namely, the balancing mode is fully drawn into the high-voltage electric module 300, if the balancing sub-module 200 passively balances the target single batteries, the main control sub-module 100 controls the target single batteries to be connected with a shunt circuit in the balancing sub-module 200 so as to shunt the target single batteries, and further, the accurate balancing state among the single batteries is ensured. If the equalization sub-module 200 actively equalizes the target single battery, the main control sub-module 100 controls the equalization sub-module 200 to transfer energy of the target single battery to discharge the target single battery and charge the other single batteries, thereby realizing that each single battery keeps a consistent and healthy state of charge, and the equalization sub-module 200 is arranged in the high-voltage electric module 300, so that a special control chip or an integrated circuit used for active equalization is not limited on a circuit board of the battery module any more, but can be arranged in the high-voltage electric module 300 with larger space, thereby designing an active equalization related circuit structure with more perfect functions, and realizing that the equalization power is improved as required.
In the above example, by integrating the main control sub-module 100 and the equalization sub-module 200 in the high-voltage electric module 300, the main control sub-module 100 determines the target single battery to be equalized according to the obtained electric quantity information of each single battery, and the equalization sub-module 200 performs electric quantity equalization processing on the target single battery, so that the equalization sub-module 200 is designed in the high-voltage electric module 300, and the equalization space is released, and further, an equalization manner with larger power can be designed, so as to increase the equalization current, make the equalization effect more obvious, and ensure that each single battery maintains the same state during normal use.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the electric quantity information includes a voltage signal, the main control sub-module is further configured to control the equalization sub-module to communicate with the target single battery, and the main control sub-module 100 includes a main controller 101, a switch control unit 102, and a gating unit 103, where the main controller 101 is configured to determine the target single battery to be equalized according to the voltage signal of each single battery, and output an equalization control signal.
It can be understood that, since the voltage signal of the unit cell is the most intuitive measurement representing the state of charge thereof, in the present embodiment, the main controller 101 analyzes the target unit cell to be equalized according to the equalization control strategy by acquiring the voltage signal of each unit cell. In some embodiments, the equalization control policy may be that an average voltage value of all current single batteries is calculated, the average voltage value is used as a criterion for measuring that each single battery reaches equalization, if the main controller 101 determines that a difference value between a voltage value of a certain single battery and the average voltage value exceeds a preset threshold, the single battery is determined to be a target single battery, and the main controller 101 needs to output an equalization control signal to start equalization processing, and in the equalization process, the determining step is continuously performed until the difference value does not exceed the preset threshold, which indicates that each single battery is equalized and reaches a state of consistent electric quantity, and the main controller 101 then stops outputting the equalization control signal. It should be noted that there are different implementations of the equalization control policy, and the present application does not limit the policy.
The switch control unit 102 is connected with the main controller 101, and the switch control unit 102 is used for outputting a gating signal according to the equalization control signal; the gating unit 103 is respectively connected with the switch control unit 102 and the equalization sub-module 200, and the gating unit 103 is used for conducting the target single battery with the equalization sub-module 200 according to the gating signal. When the main controller 101 detects that a certain single battery is too high in voltage and needs to be balanced, the single battery is determined as a target single battery, and an equalization control signal is issued to the switch control unit 102, so that the switch control unit 102 is instructed to output a corresponding gating signal to control the gating unit 103 to be communicated with the equalization sub-module 200, and the gating unit 103 is connected with each single battery, namely, the gating signal is used for instructing the gating unit 103 to form a loop with the target single battery and the equalization sub-module 200, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the equalization battery.
In one embodiment, the number of the single batteries is N, the gating unit comprises 2N+1 switching devices, wherein the positive electrode of the Nth single battery is connected with the 2N-1 switching device, the negative electrode of the Nth single battery is connected with the 2N+1 switching device, and the 2N-1 switching device is connected with the 2N+1 switching device through the 2N switching device; the gating unit is used for closing a target switching device corresponding to the target single battery and opening the rest switching devices according to the gating signal so as to enable the target single battery and the equalization submodule to form a closed loop.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 illustrates an example of 16 single batteries and 33 switching devices, wherein the 16 single batteries are divided into two groups, each group is composed of 8 single batteries, and each switching device is marked as K1, … and K33 in sequence. Alternatively, the switching device may be a relay, since the relay has good conduction and isolation. Specifically, the gate signal is divided into a high level state and a low level state, and when the switch control unit 102 outputs the gate signal in the high level state to control a certain switching device, the switching device receives the high level to be in the closed state, and similarly, the switching device receives the low level to be in the open state, and furthermore, the switching device defaults to be in the open state without receiving the gate signal.
Further, the positive pole of the nth unit cell is connected to one end of the equalization sub-module 200 through the 2n_1 switching device, the negative pole of the nth unit cell is connected to the other end of the equalization sub-module 200 through the 2n+1 switching device, and if the nth unit cell needs to form a loop with the equalization sub-module 200 alone, the remaining even switching devices except the 2n_1 switching device and the 2n+1 switching device need to be closed, and the remaining switching devices are in an open state. It should be noted that, because the battery module is electrically isolated from the high-voltage electric module, the equalization lines led out from the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each single battery need to sequentially pass through the equalization harness connector on the battery module and the equalization harness connector on the high-voltage electric module to be connected with the corresponding switching device, and in this embodiment, each single battery is connected to the slave control board through the sampling harness, and the battery detection module on the slave control board can further collect the state information of each single battery.
For example, when the main controller 101 detects that the voltage of the 3 rd single battery is too high and needs to be balanced, the balancing control signal is sent to the switch control unit 102, and the switch control unit 102 further outputs a gate signal to make the switching devices K2, K4, K5, K7, K8, K10, K12, K14, K16, K18, K20, K22, K24, K26, K28, K30 and K32 be at a high level to reach a closed state, so that the 3 rd single battery can be individually connected to the balancing sub-module 200 to form a closed loop, thereby performing electric quantity balancing.
In one embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 3, in the passive equalization mode, the equalization sub-module 200 includes a passive equalization unit 201, where the passive equalization unit 201 is configured to perform a discharge process on a target unit cell, so as to equalize the electric quantity of each of the unit cells.
Specifically, the main controller 101 determines a cell with an excessively high voltage as a target cell, and controls the target cell to be communicated with the passive equalization unit 201, so that the passive equalization unit 201 discharges the target cell, and redundant electric energy of the target cell is dissipated in a thermal form, for example, when the cell 2 reaches a fully charged state than the rest of the cells, the main controller 101 starts the passive equalization unit 201 to discharge the cell 2, so that redundant electric energy of the cell 2 is dissipated in a thermal form, and charging is continued until the rest of the cells are charged. The passive equalization unit 201 is a dissipative equalization unit, which can discharge a single battery with high voltage, and has low cost and simple circuit design.
In one embodiment, the passive equalization unit 201 includes a power resistor 2011, where the power resistor 2011 is connected to the target unit cell, and the power resistor 2011 is used to consume the redundant electric energy in the target unit cell.
It can be understood that when the target single battery is connected to the passive equalization unit 201, that is, the target single battery is controlled to be connected in parallel to the power resistor 2011, so as to split the target single battery, so that the redundant electric energy of the target single battery is dissipated in a heat energy form, and each single battery is ensured not to be overcharged or overdischarged, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery module. Further, since the passive balancing unit 201 is disposed in the high-voltage electric module 300, the size of the power resistor 2011 is not limited to the circuit board space of the battery module, and in order to increase the power of the power resistor 2011 and make the balancing current larger, a larger power resistor 2011 can be disposed in the high-voltage electric module 300 to meet the balancing requirement. In addition, the power resistor 2011 generates a large amount of heat in the discharging process, and the power resistor 2011 in the high-voltage power module 300 is released due to the space, so that a better heat dissipation effect can be achieved, and the situation that the equalization efficiency is reduced due to overhigh temperature is avoided.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, in the active equalization mode, the equalization sub-module 200 includes an active equalization unit 202, where the active equalization unit 202 is configured to transfer the electrical energy of the target cell to other cells except the target cell, so as to equalize the electrical energy of each of the cells.
It will be appreciated that the active equalization unit 202 is capable of redistributing electrical energy during charging and discharging, and algorithmically transferring the energy of the high voltage cell to the low voltage cell, i.e., discharging the higher voltage cell, the discharged energy being used to charge the lower voltage cell. The active equalization unit 202 realizes electric quantity equalization in a mode of electric energy transfer and height cutting and low supplementing, so that energy loss can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the utilization efficiency of electric energy can be improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the active equalization unit 202 includes a DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 and a DC bus 2022, an input terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 is connected to the gating unit 103, and an output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 is connected to the DC bus 2022; the DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 converts electric energy of the target cell, and transfers the electric energy to other cells other than the target cell via the DC bus 2022.
Specifically, the positive input end of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 is connected to the positive electrode of the target single cell through the gating unit 103, the negative input end of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 is connected to the negative electrode of the target single cell through the gating unit 103, the DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 extracts the redundant electric energy of the target single cell, converts the electric energy into the voltage that can be utilized by the DC bus 2022, and transfers the partial voltage to the DC bus 2022 to charge all the remaining single cells, so as to realize redistribution of energy. Furthermore, since the active equalization unit 202 is disposed in the high-voltage electric module 300, the DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 and other related active equalization circuits can be disposed on a separate circuit board, which is not affected by space, and the DC/DC conversion circuit with larger equalization power and more perfect function can be designed, thereby achieving better equalization effect and equalization speed.
In one embodiment, in the active equalization mode, the switch control unit is further configured to send a response signal to the main controller after the target unit cell is turned on with the equalization submodule, and the main controller is further configured to send an enable signal to the equalization submodule according to the response signal, so as to start the DC/DC conversion circuit. It can be understood that in the active equalization mode, when the master controller detects that a certain single battery is too high and needs to be equalized, an equalization control signal is sent to the switch control unit, the switch control unit further outputs a gating signal to enable a target switch device corresponding to the single battery to be closed, meanwhile, the switch control unit returns a response signal to the master controller to indicate that the single battery is communicated with the equalization submodule, and after receiving the response signal, the master controller sends an enabling signal to the equalization submodule, so that a DC/DC conversion circuit in the active equalization unit is started, and the single battery and the DC/DC conversion circuit form a loop independently to perform active equalization processing.
In one embodiment, the main controller 101 is further configured to receive a switching instruction, where the switching instruction is used to instruct the main controller 101 to control the equalization submodule 200 to perform switching of the equalization mode; the equalization modes include an active equalization mode and a passive equalization mode.
It will be appreciated that, in addition to controlling the operation of each module in the voltage balancing module, the main controller 101 is also used for communication interaction with external information, such as interaction with an upper level master control system, while in the balancing sub-module 200, the active balancing unit 202 is compatible with the passive balancing unit 201, and the active balancing mode and the passive balancing mode become selectable, so that a user can select the active balancing mode or the passive balancing mode according to the requirements of cost and performance. Therefore, the user CAN issue a switching command through the upper level master control system and transmit the switching command to the master controller 101 through the CAN protocol, for example, if the switching command indicates that the voltage balancing module implements an active balancing scheme, and when the master controller 101 detects that the voltage of the 5 th single battery is too high and needs to be balanced, an balancing control signal is issued to the switch control unit 102, the switch control unit 102 further outputs a gating signal, so that the switching devices K2, K4, K6, K8, K9, K11, K12, K14, K16, K18, K20, K22, K24, K26, K28, K30 and K32 are in a high level to achieve a closed state, and meanwhile, the switch control unit 102 returns a response signal to the master controller 101 to indicate that the 5 th single battery to be balanced is independently turned on, and after the master controller 101 receives the response signal, further sends an enabling signal to the balancing submodule to enable the DC/DC conversion circuit 1, so that the 5 th single battery to be balanced and the DC/DC conversion circuit 2021 form an independent closed loop, and the DC/DC conversion circuit 2022 is in high voltage to achieve the effect.
In this embodiment, the equalization sub-module 200 provides more equalization scheme choices, so that the active equalization mode is compatible with the passive equalization module, and the active equalization mode and the passive equalization mode can be freely switched by a user according to the requirements, so that the method is not limited to a single equalization mode, and the whole voltage equalization module has a simple structure, and is beneficial to programming.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application provides a voltage balancing method applied to a voltage balancing module, as shown in fig. 4, wherein the method comprises steps S100 to S200.
Step S100: and controlling the main control submodule to acquire the electric quantity information of each single battery, and determining the target single battery to be balanced according to the electric quantity information. Step S100 refers to the related descriptions in the above embodiments, and is not repeated here.
And step 200, controlling the equalization sub-module to perform electric quantity equalization on the target single battery. Step S200 refers to the related descriptions in the above embodiments, and is not repeated here.
According to the voltage balancing method, the electric quantity information of each single battery is obtained through the main control sub-module, the target single battery to be balanced is determined, the main control sub-module is used for communicating the balancing sub-module with the target single battery, and then the balancing sub-module is controlled to balance the electric quantity of the target single battery, and the balancing sub-module is designed in the high-voltage electric module, so that a balancing space is released, a balancing mode with larger power can be designed, balancing current is increased, balancing effect is obvious, and the same state of each single battery is guaranteed when each single battery is normally used.
The application provides an energy storage device, including high voltage electric module, battery module and battery detection module. The high-voltage electric module comprises the voltage balancing module according to the embodiment, the battery module is electrically connected with the high-voltage electric module, the battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries, the battery detection module is connected with the battery module, and the battery detection module is used for detecting electric quantity information of each single battery. Referring to fig. 3, the battery module may be divided into a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack is composed of a plurality of unit batteries, and each battery pack is respectively connected to the battery detection module, the battery detection module may be disposed on the slave control board to detect status information of each unit battery, including electric quantity information and temperature information of each unit battery, so that the energy storage device may collect parameter information of each unit battery in real time during charging and discharging of the battery module, so as to analyze and balance target unit batteries affecting consistency of the battery module, and make each unit battery reach electric quantity balance, and maintain working efficiency and service life of the battery module.
In one embodiment, a plurality of single batteries are in a serial structure, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each single battery are respectively connected with an equalizing line, and in the serial structure, the negative electrode and the positive electrode of adjacent single batteries share one equalizing line.
The positive electrode and the negative electrode of each single battery are connected with the corresponding switching devices through the equalizing wires, and the equalizing wires of each single battery are sequentially connected with the corresponding switching devices through the equalizing wire harness connectors on the battery modules and the equalizing wire harness connectors on the high-voltage electric modules as the battery modules are isolated from the high-voltage electric modules. And further, each single battery is also connected with the battery detection module through a sampling wire harness so that the battery detection module can collect the single battery.
The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 4 are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in sequence as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 4 may include a plurality of steps or stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of the steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in rotation or alternatively with at least a portion of the steps or stages in other steps or other steps.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "some embodiments," "other embodiments," "ideal embodiments," and the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and for brevity, all of the possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments are not described, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a voltage equalization module, its characterized in that is applied to energy storage device, energy storage device includes high-voltage electric module and battery module of electricity connection, voltage equalization module integrate in high-voltage electric module, battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, voltage equalization module is used for equalizing the voltage between a plurality of battery cells, voltage equalization module includes:
the main control sub-module is used for acquiring the electric quantity information of each single battery and determining a target single battery to be balanced according to the electric quantity information;
and the equalization sub-module is used for carrying out electric quantity equalization processing on the target single battery.
2. The voltage balancing module of claim 1, wherein the power information comprises a voltage signal, the master sub-module further configured to control the balancing sub-module to communicate with the target unit cell, the master sub-module comprising:
the main controller is used for determining the target single battery to be balanced according to the voltage signals of the single batteries and outputting an equalization control signal;
the switch control unit is connected with the main controller and is used for outputting a gating signal according to the equalization control signal;
and the gating unit is respectively connected with the switch control unit and the equalization submodule and is used for conducting the target single battery with the equalization submodule according to the gating signal.
3. The voltage equalization module of claim 2, wherein the number of cells is N, and the gating unit comprises:
2n+1 switching devices; the positive electrode of the N-th single battery is connected with the 2N-1-th switching device, the negative electrode of the N-th single battery is connected with the 2N+1-th switching device, and the 2N-1-th switching device is connected with the 2N+1-th switching device through the 2N-th switching device;
the gating unit is used for closing a target switching device corresponding to the target single battery and opening the rest switching devices according to the gating signal so as to enable the target single battery and the equalization submodule to form a closed loop.
4. The voltage balancing module of claim 2, wherein the master controller is further configured to receive a switching instruction, the switching instruction being configured to instruct the master controller to control the balancing sub-module to perform switching of a balancing mode; the equalization modes include an active equalization mode and a passive equalization mode.
5. The voltage balancing module of claim 2, wherein in the active balancing mode, the balancing submodule includes:
and the active equalization unit is used for transferring the electric energy of the target single battery to other single batteries except the target single battery so as to equalize the electric quantity of each single battery.
6. The voltage balancing module of claim 5, wherein the active balancing unit comprises a DC/DC conversion circuit and a direct current bus;
the input end of the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with the gating unit, and the output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with the direct current bus;
the DC/DC conversion circuit is used for converting the electric energy of the target single battery and transferring the electric energy to other single batteries except the target single battery through the direct current bus.
7. The voltage balancing module according to claim 6, wherein in the active balancing mode, the switch control unit is further configured to send a response signal to the main controller after the target unit cell is turned on with the balancing sub-module, and the main controller is further configured to send an enable signal to the balancing sub-module to start the DC/DC conversion circuit according to the response signal.
8. The voltage balancing module of claim 2, wherein in a passive balancing mode, the balancing sub-module further comprises:
and the passive equalization unit is used for carrying out discharge treatment on the target single batteries so as to equalize the electric quantity of each single battery.
9. The voltage balancing module of claim 8, wherein the passive balancing unit comprises:
and the power resistor is connected with the target single battery and is used for consuming redundant electric energy in the target single battery.
10. A method of voltage equalization applied to a voltage equalization module, the method comprising:
the master control submodule is controlled to acquire electric quantity information of each single battery, and a target single battery to be balanced is determined according to the electric quantity information;
and controlling an equalization sub-module to perform electric quantity equalization on the target single battery.
11. An energy storage device, comprising:
high voltage electric module comprising a voltage balancing module according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the battery module is electrically connected with the high-voltage electric module and comprises a plurality of single batteries;
the battery detection module is connected with the battery module and is used for detecting electric quantity information of each single battery.
12. The energy storage device of claim 11, wherein a plurality of said cells are in a series configuration;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each single battery are respectively connected with an equalizing line;
in the series structure, the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the adjacent single batteries share one equalizing line.
13. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of claim 10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310279180.0A CN116388324A (en) | 2023-03-21 | 2023-03-21 | Voltage equalization module, method, energy storage device, and readable storage medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310279180.0A CN116388324A (en) | 2023-03-21 | 2023-03-21 | Voltage equalization module, method, energy storage device, and readable storage medium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116388324A true CN116388324A (en) | 2023-07-04 |
Family
ID=86960738
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310279180.0A Pending CN116388324A (en) | 2023-03-21 | 2023-03-21 | Voltage equalization module, method, energy storage device, and readable storage medium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116388324A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117293425A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2023-12-26 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery module, battery, electricity utilization device and battery discharge control method |
-
2023
- 2023-03-21 CN CN202310279180.0A patent/CN116388324A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117293425A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2023-12-26 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery module, battery, electricity utilization device and battery discharge control method |
| CN117293425B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-04-19 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery module, battery, electricity utilization device and battery discharge control method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9136715B2 (en) | Rechargeable battery pack and method of charge/discharge equalizing | |
| KR20170022416A (en) | Battery system | |
| KR20130081683A (en) | Power storage system having connection structure of moduled bms and method for controlling the same | |
| CN107769316B (en) | Online equalization system of battery pack and battery | |
| KR20160099357A (en) | Battery pack and battery system including the same | |
| WO2012167019A1 (en) | System and method for charging and discharging a li-ion battery | |
| EP3678276A1 (en) | Battery balancing system, vehicle, battery balancing method, and storage medium | |
| EP3836340A1 (en) | Charging circuit and electronic device | |
| CN116388324A (en) | Voltage equalization module, method, energy storage device, and readable storage medium | |
| KR20200038817A (en) | System and method for communicating between BMS | |
| KR101630411B1 (en) | Apparatus for managing battery pack and including the same | |
| KR20200020486A (en) | Apparatus and method for balancing battery module | |
| KR20150050216A (en) | Apparatus for managing battery system | |
| CN109193863A (en) | Battery voltage balance control method and circuit | |
| CN115800418B (en) | Battery control method, energy storage system, device, computer equipment and storage medium | |
| CN216872891U (en) | Energy storage system | |
| EP3675312A1 (en) | Battery balancing system, vehicle, battery balancing method, and storage medium | |
| CN211556939U (en) | Balance protection circuit for battery pack | |
| CN110444824B (en) | Battery pack structure reconstruction device and method | |
| KR20230107278A (en) | Power battery charging method, charging device and charging system | |
| WO2018157534A1 (en) | Balancing method and device for energy storage battery management system and energy storage battery management system | |
| KR20210047750A (en) | Battery management system and balancing method | |
| CN220086990U (en) | Bidirectional equalization matrix management module | |
| CN215378487U (en) | Active balanced DCDC module for 2V lead-acid storage battery | |
| CN218415890U (en) | Charging and discharging safety protection circuit of lithium ion battery |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |