CN116387801A - Multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication and positioning method thereof - Google Patents

Multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication and positioning method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116387801A
CN116387801A CN202310455485.2A CN202310455485A CN116387801A CN 116387801 A CN116387801 A CN 116387801A CN 202310455485 A CN202310455485 A CN 202310455485A CN 116387801 A CN116387801 A CN 116387801A
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China
Prior art keywords
antenna
vehicle
uwb
antenna structure
chip
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Pending
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CN202310455485.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
戴海军
刘奕彬
张斌
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Shanghai Deman Electronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Deman Electronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310455485.2A priority Critical patent/CN116387801A/en
Publication of CN116387801A publication Critical patent/CN116387801A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
    • H01Q1/3241—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems particular used in keyless entry systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/0226—Transmitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
    • G06K7/10336—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers the antenna being of the near field type, inductive coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2291—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in bluetooth or WI-FI devices of Wireless Local Area Networks [WLAN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/40—Security arrangements using identity modules
    • H04W12/47—Security arrangements using identity modules using near field communication [NFC] or radio frequency identification [RFID] modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/48—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for in-vehicle communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication and a positioning method thereof, wherein the multi-antenna structure comprises a UWB antenna, a BLE antenna and an NFC antenna which are integrally arranged on a PCB, wherein the UWB antenna is in communication connection with a plurality of anchor points arranged on a vehicle, the BLE antenna is in communication connection with vehicle-mounted Bluetooth, the anchor points and the vehicle-mounted Bluetooth are respectively connected with BCM, and the UWB antenna is used for realizing distance measurement between a key and the vehicle; the NFC antenna is used for unlocking, locking and starting the vehicle; the BLE antenna is used for realizing key positioning, keyless entry, keyless starting and remote control. Compared with the prior art, the multi-antenna structure is more compact and convenient to manufacture, positioning accuracy and communication reliability can be effectively improved, and working stability of a keyless system is ensured.

Description

Multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication and positioning method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted wireless data communication, in particular to a multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication.
Background
The vehicle keyless system enables a user to unlock and start the vehicle simultaneously only by putting the vehicle key in a pocket and taking out the vehicle key, and can greatly facilitate the vehicle driving operation of the user and improve the user experience.
The common keyless entry system is a control system consisting of a transmitter, a remote control central lock control module, a driving authorization system control module, three receivers and related wire harnesses. In general, a remote controller and a transmitter are integrated on a car key, and the car enters a locking state or an unlocking state according to a signal sent by the intelligent key, and even can automatically close car windows and skylights. The transmitter in the keyless system relates to the communication technology, and most of the traditional schemes adopt the modes of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification ), NFC (Near Field Communication, near field communication) and GPS (Global Positioning System ) so as to realize data signal transmission between a vehicle key and a vehicle.
However, in practical application, the antenna constructed by the traditional scheme has a complex structure and a large size, and under the conditions of long distance, severe weather or shielding, the positioning precision is difficult to ensure, the reliability of data communication cannot be ensured, and the stable operation of a keyless system is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication and a positioning method thereof, which can realize an antenna structure with compact structure, high positioning precision and reliable communication and ensure the working stability of a keyless system.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a be applied to on-vehicle communication's multiaerial structure, includes UWB (Ultra Wide Band) antenna, BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy ) antenna and NFC (Near Field Communication, near field communication) antenna that integrated on the PCB board of installing, UWB antenna is connected with the communication of a plurality of anchor points that set up in the vehicle, BLE antenna is connected with on-vehicle bluetooth communication, a plurality of anchor points and on-vehicle bluetooth are connected with BCM (Body Control Module, automobile body control module) respectively, UWB antenna is used for realizing the range finding between key and the vehicle;
the NFC antenna is used for unlocking, locking and starting the vehicle;
the BLE antenna is used for realizing key positioning, keyless entry, keyless starting and remote control.
Further, the UWB antenna is specifically a planar patch antenna fed by CPW (co-planar waveguide).
Further, the plurality of anchor points are respectively installed at the vehicle center console and four headlight positions.
Further, the NFC antenna is specifically in a passive card mode.
Further, the multi-antenna structure further comprises a UWB chip, a Bluetooth chip, a wireless charging chip and a power chip which are mounted on the PCB.
Further, the multi-antenna structure is also provided with a Type-C interface.
Further, the UWB chip is specifically NCJ29D5.
Further, the bluetooth chip is specifically KW38.
Further, the wireless charging chip is specifically BQ51050B.
Further, the power chip is specifically MF2DL (H) x0.
A multi-antenna structure positioning method applied to vehicle-mounted communication comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a plurality of distances corresponding to a key and a plurality of anchor points through a UWB antenna, wherein a ranging process adopts a Time of flight (TOF) ranging mode, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the transmitting device transmits a signal containing a time stamp (STS, synchronous Time Stamps), and the receiver calculates the flight time through time information contained in the transmitted content after receiving the signal, so as to calculate the flight distance;
s2, screening two distances with the smallest numerical values from the distances;
s3, screening out anchor points corresponding to the two distances according to the step S2, and determining the area where the current key is located, wherein the area is specifically a front area, a trunk area, a driver side or a passenger side of the vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the UWB antenna, the BLE antenna and the NFC antenna are integrally arranged on the PCB, the UWB antenna is in communication connection with a plurality of anchor points arranged on the vehicle, the BLE antenna is in communication connection with the vehicle-mounted Bluetooth, and the plurality of anchor points and the vehicle-mounted Bluetooth are respectively connected with the BCM, so that the BCM CAN communicate with the base station BLE and the UWB anchor points through the CAN (Controller Area Network, a controller area network), and further distance measurement between a key and the vehicle is realized by using the UWB antenna; unlocking, locking and starting the vehicle by using the NFC antenna; and the BLE antenna is utilized to realize key positioning, keyless entry, keyless starting and remote control. The positioning precision can be effectively improved, the reliability of data communication is ensured, and meanwhile, the whole antenna structure is more compact and convenient to manufacture and process.
2. In the present invention, ranging between a key and a vehicle is realized by using a UWB antenna, which has a wider frequency band and can ensure better positioning accuracy by a ToA (time of arrival) ranging technique, and in addition, the UWB antenna adopts a CPW-fed planar patch antenna form, does not need to drill holes in a substrate, is easy to manufacture and integrate with other system elements, is easy to assemble, and is more suitable for MMIC (Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit ) application,
3. according to the invention, UWB and BLE wireless technology are combined, and safety data between equipment and a vehicle are still communicated through Bluetooth technology, so that mutual identity verification and data sharing can be provided for the equipment and the vehicle through a safety channel, and passive keyless entry and engine starting can be realized through compatible mobile equipment.
4. In the invention, the wireless charging chip, the power chip and the Type-C interface are also arranged on the multi-antenna structure, so that the power supply reliability and convenience of the multi-antenna structure are further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a passive card mode of an NFC antenna;
fig. 3a to 3c are schematic diagrams of the integration effect of UWB antenna and BLE antenna on PCB board (top, side and bottom schematic diagrams respectively) in the embodiment;
the figure indicates: 1. UWB antenna, 2, BLE antenna, 3, NFC antenna, 11, UWB chip, 21, bluetooth chip, 4, wireless charging chip, 5, power chip, 6, type-C interface.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication comprises a UWB antenna 1, a BLE antenna 2 and an NFC antenna 3 (for unlocking, locking and starting a vehicle) integrally mounted on a PCB board, wherein the UWB antenna 1 is in communication connection with a plurality of anchor points provided on the vehicle for realizing ranging between a key and the vehicle; BLE antenna 2 and on-vehicle bluetooth communication connection for realize key location, keyless entry, keyless start, remote control, a plurality of anchor points and on-vehicle bluetooth are connected with BCM respectively, and a plurality of anchor points are installed in accuse platform and four headlight positions in the vehicle respectively.
In practical application, a plurality of distances corresponding to a plurality of anchor points between a key are obtained through a UWB antenna, wherein a Time of flight (TOF) ranging mode is adopted in a ranging process, and specifically: the transmitting device transmits a signal containing a time stamp (STS, synchronous Time Stamps), and the receiver calculates the flight time through time information contained in the transmitted content after receiving the signal, so as to calculate the flight distance;
then screening out two distances with the smallest numerical values from the distances;
and finally, according to the two selected anchor points corresponding to the distances, determining the area (the front part of the vehicle, the trunk area, the driver side or the passenger side) where the current key is positioned.
Through above-mentioned location process, can effectively promote the accuracy of location.
The present solution takes into account that the most advanced solutions at present use LF-UHF (combination of low and ultra high frequency) channels, although the prior art has considered the installation of Ultra Wideband (UWB) radios in automobiles. However, these schemes may be subject to relay attacks. Therefore, the technical scheme takes UWB keyless infrastructure as the best candidate of vehicle-mounted wireless communication and in-vehicle wireless sensor network, adopts BCM to communicate with a base station BLE and UWB anchor point respectively through CAN to design a BLE and UWB double-antenna module, and combines NFC to realize a multi-antenna structure.
It should be noted that, the NFC car key often needs the user to attach the authorized smart phone to the door handle to unlock the car, so that the use feeling is somewhat inferior, and the realization of diversified functions is limited in intangible manner. Bluetooth keys have a little shortage in positioning accuracy and information security, and the automobile industry has frequently seen hacking of keyless systems in the past few years, many of which use Bluetooth schemes.
Compared with the Bluetooth communication technology, the UWB has a wider frequency band, and has better positioning precision through the ToA arrival time ranging technology. The highest precision can reach centimeter level when the UWB technology is used for measuring the distance, namely about 10cm, which is far higher than the schemes such as WiFi, bluetooth and the like.
According to the technical scheme, the NFC card is integrated, functions of unlocking, locking, starting and the like of the vehicle are achieved, meanwhile, the NFC card is connected with the vehicle through a Bluetooth communication technology, and functions of key positioning, keyless entry, keyless starting, remote control and the like are achieved.
The technical scheme is realized by adopting UWB technology, and safety data between equipment and a vehicle are still communicated through Bluetooth technology, so that SE (Secure Element) can provide mutual identity authentication and data sharing with the vehicle through a safety channel. For this purpose, a multi-antenna structure for vehicle-mounted communication is constructed, which integrates BLE, SE, UWB technology.
In practical application, NFC adopts passive card mode, still installs UWB chip 11 (be connected with UWB antenna 1), bluetooth chip 21 (be connected with BLE antenna 2), wireless charging chip 4 and power chip 5 on the PCB board of many antenna structures, still is provided with Type-C interface 6.
In this embodiment, NCJ D5 is selected as the UWB chip 1; the Bluetooth chip 21 adopts KW38; the wireless charging chip 4 adopts BQ51050B; the power chip 5 selects MF2DL (H) x0, and accords with a non-contact smart card protocol of an ISO/EC 14443-4 and ISO/IEC 7816-4 communication framework, so that the power chip is compatible with most existing non-contact infrastructures and NFC equipment, and the non-contact performance supports user convenience and a reading distance of up to 10 cm.
As shown in fig. 3a to 3c, the UWB antenna is a CPW-fed planar patch antenna, is of a single planar structure, is easy to manufacture, and is more suitable for MMIC applications, because no holes need to be drilled in the substrate, and has better positioning accuracy by ToA arrival time ranging technology, and further has richer application scenarios for man-vehicle interaction by low cost and extremely low power consumption. And the BLE antenna is integrated beside the UWB antenna, and the structure is more compact by changing different antenna forms, so that the Bluetooth antenna is connected with a vehicle through a Bluetooth communication technology, and the functions of key positioning, keyless entry, keyless starting, remote control and the like are realized.
That is, on the one hand, the UWB antenna adopts an on-board PCB antenna, which is easy to manufacture and integrate with other system elements, is convenient to assemble, and adopts time of flight (TOF) ranging, that is, the transmitting device transmits the signal containing the time stamp (STS), and after the receiver receives the signal, the receiver calculates the time of flight through the time information contained in the transmitted content, thereby calculating the flight distance, and realizing accurate positioning. On the other hand, the BLE requires data transmission over 100 meters, and the combination of UWB and BLE wireless technology can realize passive keyless entry and engine starting operation through compatible mobile equipment.
In summary, the technical scheme can realize a multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication by integrating the NFC/BLE/UWB antenna scheme, and fully utilizes the optimal clearance area of the antenna environment, wherein the UWB antenna adopts the on-board PCB antenna, integrates the BLE antenna beside the UWB antenna, and combines the NFC antenna in the passive card mode, so that the whole multi-antenna structure is more compact and convenient to manufacture, and the positioning precision and the communication reliability are effectively improved, thereby ensuring the working stability of the keyless system.

Claims (10)

1. The multi-antenna structure for vehicle-mounted communication is characterized by comprising a UWB antenna (1), a BLE antenna (2) and an NFC antenna (3) which are integrally arranged on a PCB, wherein the UWB antenna (1) is in communication connection with a plurality of anchor points arranged on a vehicle, the BLE antenna (2) is in communication connection with vehicle-mounted Bluetooth, the anchor points and the vehicle-mounted Bluetooth are respectively connected with BCM, and the UWB antenna (1) is used for realizing distance measurement between a key and the vehicle;
the NFC antenna (3) is used for unlocking, locking and starting the vehicle;
the BLE antenna (2) is used for realizing key positioning, keyless entry, keyless starting and remote control.
2. A multi-antenna structure for vehicle communication according to claim 1, characterized in that the UWB antenna (1) is in particular a CPW fed planar patch antenna.
3. The multi-antenna structure for vehicle communication according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of anchor points are respectively installed at a center console of a vehicle and four headlight positions.
4. A multiple antenna structure for vehicle communication according to claim 1, characterized in that the NFC antenna (3) is embodied in a passive card mode.
5. The multi-antenna structure for vehicle-mounted communication according to claim 1, further comprising a UWB chip (11), a bluetooth chip (21), a wireless charging chip (4) and a power chip (5) mounted on a PCB board, the multi-antenna structure being further provided with a Type-C interface (6).
6. A multi-antenna structure for vehicle communication according to claim 5, characterized in that said UWB chip (11) is in particular NCJ D5.
7. A multiple antenna structure for vehicle communication according to claim 5, characterized in that said bluetooth chip (21) is embodied as KW38.
8. The multi-antenna structure for vehicle communication according to claim 5, wherein the wireless charging chip (4) is embodied as BQ51050B.
9. A multi-antenna structure for vehicle communication according to claim 5, characterized in that said power chip (5) is in particular MF2DL (H) x0.
10. A positioning method using the multi-antenna structure of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring a plurality of distances corresponding to a plurality of anchor points between a key through a UWB antenna, wherein the ranging process adopts a time-of-flight TOF ranging mode, and specifically comprises the following steps: the transmitting device transmits a signal containing a time stamp STS, and the receiver calculates the flight time through time information contained in the transmitted content after receiving the signal, so as to calculate the flight distance;
s2, screening two distances with the smallest numerical values from the distances;
s3, screening out anchor points corresponding to the two distances according to the step S2, and determining the area where the current key is located, wherein the area is specifically a front area, a trunk area, a driver side or a passenger side of the vehicle.
CN202310455485.2A 2023-04-25 2023-04-25 Multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication and positioning method thereof Pending CN116387801A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310455485.2A CN116387801A (en) 2023-04-25 2023-04-25 Multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication and positioning method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310455485.2A CN116387801A (en) 2023-04-25 2023-04-25 Multi-antenna structure applied to vehicle-mounted communication and positioning method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116387801A true CN116387801A (en) 2023-07-04

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116387801A (en)

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