CN116386550B - Quick brushing and debugging method for electronic paper driving waveform - Google Patents

Quick brushing and debugging method for electronic paper driving waveform Download PDF

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CN116386550B
CN116386550B CN202310346915.7A CN202310346915A CN116386550B CN 116386550 B CN116386550 B CN 116386550B CN 202310346915 A CN202310346915 A CN 202310346915A CN 116386550 B CN116386550 B CN 116386550B
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red
black
stage
white
dithering
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CN116386550A (en
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王正一
徐鸿
于诗雨
殷盼盼
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Zhejiang Hanxian Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Hanxian Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/344Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

A quick brushing and debugging method for electronic paper driving waveforms solves the technical problems that the existing electronic paper is long in refreshing time and poor in visual effect due to three positive display delays. S1, calling out red, black or white of a corresponding test pattern according to a first driving waveform corresponding to each of red, black and white according to the test pattern in a standard library; s2, selecting a corresponding area according to a target pattern to be displayed of the electronic paper and under the control of a main control MCU of the electronic paper, and determining the color to be displayed of the area according to the color of the target pattern; s3, after determining the areas needing refreshing and the colors needed to be displayed in each area, entering a quick-brushing debugging stage of the corresponding colors; the method directly enters a positive display stage of the corresponding color from an unbalanced shaking stage, so that the time of quick brushing is shortened; and the pulse driving can achieve the purpose of three-color positive display, and the visual effect is better. The invention is mainly used in the technical field of electronic paper production.

Description

Quick brushing and debugging method for electronic paper driving waveform
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic paper production, in particular to a quick brushing and debugging method of electronic paper driving waveforms.
Background
The conventional driving waveform of the current electronic paper module consists of three parts, namely DC balance, a dithering stage and a positive display stage, and when the color to be displayed is red, the color to be displayed is required to be black and white before positive display of the red, and then the color to be displayed enters the positive display stage of the red, namely, the black and the white are positive display together, and the red is delayed positive display.
As shown in fig. 1, in the prior art, a first driving waveform is used to drive red, black and white to achieve the purpose of positive display, the first driving waveform corresponding to red includes a red DC balance, a red dithering phase, a first white positive display phase and a first red positive display phase, and the corresponding time of each phase is q1, n1 and m3, m1 respectively, in the prior art, the time for reaching positive display of red is q1+n1+m3+m1, wherein the time of n1 is determined according to a residual image experiment, m1 and m3 are determined according to the value of Lab of a specific electronic paper, and the value determination principle of q1 is as follows: the total charge number of the DC balance phase and the total charge number of the first red positive phase are equal to 0.
Similarly, the time q2 of the black DC balance phase corresponding to black, the time q3 of the white DC balance phase corresponding to white, and the determination manners of the black dithering phase, the white dithering phase, the first black positive display phase, the corresponding n2, n3, and m2 and m3 of the first white positive display phase are identical to those described above.
In summary, when the electronic paper is driven by the first driving waveform in the prior art, the black and white can reach the positive display only through three stages, and when the quality requirement of the electronic paper is higher, that is, the requirement on the color levels of the three colors of red, black and white is higher, the time is further prolonged, the positive display can be reached through four stages, when the pattern to be displayed contains red, the refreshing time is longer, the positive display is delayed by the red, and the visual effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a quick brushing and debugging method for driving waveforms of electronic paper, which solves the technical problems of the existing electronic paper that the refreshing time is long and the visual effect is poor due to the positive display of red delay.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fast brushing and debugging method of electronic paper driving waveforms comprises the following steps:
s1, calling out red, black or white of a corresponding test pattern according to a first driving waveform corresponding to each of red, black and white according to the test pattern in a standard library;
s2, selecting a corresponding area according to a target pattern to be displayed of the electronic paper and under the control of a main control MCU of the electronic paper, and determining the color to be displayed of the area according to the color of the target pattern;
s3, after the area corresponding to the target pattern and the color to be displayed in the area are determined, entering a red, black or white quick-brush debugging stage.
The first driving waveform comprises a DC balance stage, a dithering stage and a first positive display stage, and when the color to be adjusted is red, a black/Bai Zheng display stage is required to pass through after the dithering stage;
the quick brushing debugging stage comprises an unbalanced shaking stage and a second positive display stage;
the time of the unbalanced dithering phase is the same as the time of the dithering phase.
Further, the dithering phase in the first driving waveform corresponding to red is a red dithering phase, the waveform of the red dithering phase is [2 frames (-15) V,2 frames (+15) V ] of cycling a1 time, and a1 is determined by the ghost test; the first positive display stage in the first driving waveform corresponding to the red is a first red positive display stage, and the waveform of the first red positive display stage is [1 frame (-15) V, b1 frame (+5- +10) V ] of circulating p1 times; wherein the time of the entire red dithering phase is n1, the time of the entire first red forward display phase is m1, n1=a1×4 frames, and m1=p1×1 (1+b1) frames.
Further, the dithering phase in the first driving waveform corresponding to black is a black dithering phase, the waveform of the black dithering phase is [2 frames (-15) V,2 frames (+15) V ] of a cycle a2 times, and a2 is determined by the ghost test; the first positive display stage in the first driving waveform corresponding to the black is a first black positive display stage, and the time of the first black positive display stage is m2.
Further, the dithering phase in the first driving waveform corresponding to the white is a white dithering phase, the waveform of the white dithering phase is [2 frames (-15) V,2 frames (+15) V ] of cycling a3 times, and a3 is determined by the ghost test; the first positive display stage in the first driving waveform corresponding to the white is a first white positive display stage, and the time of the first white positive display stage is m3.
Further, the fast brush debugging stage corresponding to red includes a red unbalanced dithering stage and a second red normal dithering stage, the red unbalanced dithering stage includes a PhaseA with a cycle of c1 times, and the waveform structure of PhaseA is [2 frames (-15) v,1 frame (+5- +10) v ], and c1×3 frames=n1; the waveform structure of the second red positive display stage is consistent with the waveform of the first red positive display stage.
Further, the fast brush debugging stage corresponding to black includes a black unbalanced dithering stage and a second black positive display stage, the waveform of the black unbalanced dithering stage is PhaseB with a cycle of c2 times, and the waveform structure of PhaseB is as follows: [2 frames (-15) V,1 frame (+15) V ]; the waveform of the second black positive display stage is in a waveform structure in which (+ 15) V is driven in a pulse mode.
Further, the fast brush debugging stage corresponding to white includes a white unbalanced dithering stage and a second white normal display stage, the waveform of the white unbalanced dithering stage is PhaseC which circulates for c3 times, and the waveform structure of PhaseC is: [2 frames (+15) V,1 frame (-15) V ]; the waveform of the second white positive display stage is of a waveform structure in which (-15) V is driven in a pulse mode.
Further, the time of the red unbalanced dithering phase is equal to the time of the red dithering phase, the time of the black unbalanced dithering phase is equal to the time of the black dithering phase, and the time of the white unbalanced dithering phase is equal to the time of the white dithering phase.
Further, the values of m1, m2 and m3 are related to the corresponding values of Lab of red, black and white, specifically as follows:
further, the test patterns are respectively nine types of monochromatic red blocks, monochromatic black blocks, monochromatic white blocks, red background and white words, red background and black words, black background and white words, black background and red words, white background and red words and white background and black words.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the quick brushing and debugging method of the electronic paper driving waveform, the electronic paper is debugged according to the first driving waveforms corresponding to red, black and white in the prior art to determine the time of the dithering stages corresponding to different colors and the time of the positive display of the first red in the first driving waveforms corresponding to the red; and then determining the area to be displayed of the electronic paper and the color to be displayed of the area according to the target pattern, entering a quick-brush debugging stage under the action of an electronic paper main control MCU, wherein red, black and white are directly entering a positive display stage of the corresponding color from an unbalanced dithering stage in the corresponding quick-brush debugging stage, so that compared with the prior art, the quick-brush debugging method provided by the invention has the advantages that the time required by a DC balance stage is shortened, and the quick-brush time is shortened.
Compared with the prior art, the red color does not need to go through a first black/Bai Zheng display stage before reaching the positive display, and the quick brushing time is further shortened.
Finally, based on the time of the second positive display stage corresponding to the red in the red quick brushing debugging stage, the second black positive display stage and the second white positive display stage corresponding to the black and the white are driven by pulses, so that the aim of positive display of three colors of red, black and white can be achieved, and the visual effect is better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first driving waveform when refreshing is performed using three colors of red, black and white in the prior art in the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a waveform structure of the embodiment of the present invention when the three colors red, black and white are fast brushed;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a fast brush debugging method of an electronic paper driving waveform in the present embodiment;
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying figures 1-3 and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a fast brushing and debugging method for driving waveforms of electronic paper includes the following steps:
s1, calling out red, black or white corresponding to a test pattern according to a red first driving waveform, a black first driving waveform and a white first driving waveform according to the test pattern in a standard library;
s2, selecting a corresponding area according to a target pattern to be displayed of the electronic paper and under the control of a main control MCU of the electronic paper, and determining the color to be displayed of the area according to the color of the target pattern;
s3, after determining the area corresponding to the target pattern and the color to be displayed in the area, entering a red, black or white quick-brush debugging stage.
Specific:
s1, calling out red, black and white required by corresponding test patterns according to a red first driving waveform, a black first driving waveform and a white first driving waveform according to the test patterns in a standard library.
The red first driving waveform includes:
a red DC balance phase, a red dithering phase, a first white forward phase, and a first red forward phase.
The red dithering phase includes a succession and cycle of [2 frames (-15) V,2 frames (+15) V ] of a1, and the time of the entire red dithering phase is n1, and the time of the entire first red forward phase is m1.
The black first driving waveform includes:
a black DC balance stage, a black dithering stage and a first black positive display stage.
The black dithering phase includes [2 frames (+15) V,2 frames (-15) V ] that are consecutive and cyclical a2, and the time of the entire black dithering phase is n2, and the time of the entire first black positive display phase is m2.
The white first driving waveform includes:
a white DC balance stage, a white dithering stage and a first white positive display stage.
The white dithering phase includes a succession and cycle of [2 frames (-15) V,2 frames (+15) V ] of a3, and the time of the entire white dithering phase is n3, and the time of the entire white positive display phase is m3.
Recording:
time n1 of the red dithering phase, time m1 of the first red forward display phase.
Time n2 of the black dithering phase, time m2 of the first black positive display phase.
Time n3 of the white dithering phase, time m3 of the first white forward display phase.
n1=n2=n3, m2=m3. (i.e., the times of the dithering phases of red, black, and white are equal and synchronized, and the times of the forward display phases of black and white are also equal and synchronized)
The values of a1, a2 and a3 are determined by the ghost test.
When the ghost test is carried out, an initial circulation value is firstly set, an initial graph which is sequentially set and comprises a white block, a black block and a red block is tested, the initial graph is evenly divided into 9 grids, lab values of corresponding colors are set according to target requirements, optical value differences delta E of corresponding positions and corresponding colors are tested, the optical value differences delta E <2 are used for indicating that the ghost is completely eliminated, and then the values of a1, a2 and a3 are equal to the initially set circulation values; if the optical value difference Δe2 is still not reached within the initially set cycle value, the number of cycles is increased until the optical value difference Δe2 is reached, and then the values of a1, a2 and a3 at this time are equal to the sum of the initially set cycle value and the increased number of cycles.
The time for red DC jitter balancing is q1.
The black DC jitter balance time is q2.
The time for white DC jitter balancing is q3.
The calculation modes of q1, q2 and q3 are as follows: the total charge number of the DC balance phase + the total charge number of the color positive phase = 0.
The time of m1, m2 and m3 is different according to the set Lab standard, but the brighter the corresponding color brightness is required, the larger the value is; but is uniquely determined after the standard setting of Lab.
The criteria for Lab for each color in this example are as follows:
the time for driving red to reach positive display in the prior art is as follows: q1+n1+m1+m3.
The time for driving black to reach positive display in the prior art is as follows: q2+n2+m2.
The time for driving white to reach positive display in the prior art is as follows: q3+n3+m3.
S2, selecting corresponding pixel points according to a target pattern to be displayed and under the control of a main control MCU of the electronic paper, and determining the color to be displayed of each pixel point according to the color of the target pattern;
s3, after the colors of all the pixel points are determined, the main control MCU of the electronic paper controls the corresponding pixel points to enter a quick brushing color development stage, the quick brushing debugging stage comprises an unbalanced shaking stage and a positive display stage, the unbalanced shaking stage comprises a red unbalanced shaking stage, a black unbalanced shaking stage and a white unbalanced shaking stage, and the positive display stage comprises a second red positive display stage, a second black positive display stage and a second white positive display stage.
The red unbalanced dithering phase includes PhaseA for cycle c1, and the total time after PhaseA for cycle c1 is equal to n1.
The black unbalanced dithering phase includes PhaseB for cycle c 2; the total time after PhaseB for cycle c2 is equal to n2.
The white unbalanced dithering phase includes PhaseC for cycle c 3; the total time after PhaseC for cycle c3 is equal to n3.
The time of the second red forward phase is equal to the time m1 of the first red forward phase.
PhaseA comprises: 2 frames (-15) V,1 frame (+15) V.
PhaseB includes: 2 frames (-15) V,1 frame (+15) V.
PhaseC includes: 2 frames (+15) V,1 frame (-15) V.
The driving time can be reduced by using PhaseA, phaseB and PhaseC as described above.
Wherein the constitution of PhaseA and PhaseB are the same because both colors are positively charged.
One frame is 20ms.
Specifically, assuming that the DC balance of the first driving waveform in the prior art is 1 frame (+15 v), the dithering phase is 1 cycle, i.e., two times [2 frames (+15 v), 2 frames (-15 v) ], the merging is the unbalanced dithering of 3 frames (+15 v), 2 frames (-15 v) of one cycle, while the structure of PhaseA, phaseB and PhaseC in the present embodiment achieves both the DC balance and the 2 frame time reduction.
The second red positive display stage includes: phaseD, which is driven continuously and cyclically p1 times, includes 1 frame (-15) V, x1 frame + (5-10) ] V.
p1×1 (1 frame+x1 frame) =m1.
The value of p1 is 4 to 6, namely, the cycle is 4 to 6 times, and the set Lab value can be achieved.
From the above relation, the value of x1, i.e., (5-10) V driving time in one PhaseD of the second positive display of red, can be found.
The second black positive phase has a time m2, comprising: pulse-driving +15v for x2 frames p2 times, p2=p1, x2=x1.
The second white positive display stage has a time m3 and comprises the following steps: pulse-driving (-15) V of x3 frames p3 times; p3=p1, x3=x1.
The black and white can be divided into a plurality of color levels when reaching standard values, and the pulse type driving can continuously improve the color levels to reach Lab parameter ranges which accord with the set black and white.
Therefore, the refresh time corresponding to each color in this embodiment is:
red = n1+m1 = a1 (3 frames) +p1 (1 frame+x1 frame).
Black = n2+m1.
White = n3+m1.
(n1=n2=n3)。
Specifically, when the partial area of the electronic paper needs to be refreshed to red, c1 is cycled according to PhaseA, and then p1 times is cycled according to PhaseD.
When the partial area of the electronic paper needs to be refreshed to black, c2 times according to PhaseB cycle is performed, and then V and p2 times are driven (15) in a pulse mode.
When the partial area of the electronic paper needs to be refreshed to white, c3 is cycled according to PhaseC, and then V (-15) is pulsed for p3 times.
When two or three colors are required to be displayed, the driving waveforms corresponding to the single color are synchronized and respectively driven.
According to the technical scheme, an unbalanced shaking phase is adopted to replace a DC (direct current) balancing phase and a shaking phase which are carried out separately and sequentially in the prior art, and the time of the whole unbalanced shaking phase is equal to that of the shaking phase in the middle of the prior art, so that the time of quick brushing driving is shortened; and the red positive display is directly carried out in the positive display stage after the unbalanced shaking stage, so that the time required by the black-and-white positive display stage in the prior art is saved, and the time for quick brushing driving is further saved.
Further, the fast brushing time is shortened again by adopting the PhaseA and PhaseB modes while the color reaches positive display.
Finally, based on the driving time of positive display of red, black and white are driven in a pulse mode, so that the aim of simultaneously positive display of black, white and red can be fulfilled, and the visual effect is better.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The quick brushing and debugging method for the electronic paper driving waveform is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, calling out red, black or white of a corresponding test pattern according to a first driving waveform corresponding to each of red, black and white according to the test pattern in a standard library;
s2, selecting a corresponding area according to a target pattern to be displayed of the electronic paper and under the control of a main control MCU of the electronic paper, and determining the color to be displayed of the area according to the color of the target pattern;
s3, after determining the area corresponding to the target pattern and the color to be displayed in the area, entering a red, black or white quick-brush debugging stage;
the first driving waveform comprises a DC balance stage, a dithering stage and a first positive display stage, and when the color to be adjusted is red, a first black/Bai Zheng display stage is required to pass through after the dithering stage;
the quick brushing debugging stage comprises an unbalanced shaking stage and a second positive display stage;
the time of the unbalanced dithering phase is the same as the time of the dithering phase.
2. The method for quickly debugging a driving waveform of electronic paper according to claim 1, wherein a dithering phase in a first driving waveform corresponding to red is a red dithering phase, the waveform of the red dithering phase is [2 frames (-15) V,2 frames (+15) V ] of a1 cycle, and a1 is determined by a ghost test; the first positive display stage in the first driving waveform corresponding to the red is a first red positive display stage, and the waveform of the first red positive display stage is [1 frame (-15) V, b1 frame (+5- +10) V ] of circulating p1 times; wherein the time of the entire red dithering phase is n1, the time of the entire first red forward display phase is m1, n1=a1×4 frames, and m1=p1×1 (1+b1) frames.
3. The method for quickly debugging the driving waveform of the electronic paper according to claim 2, wherein a dithering phase in the first driving waveform corresponding to black is a black dithering phase, the waveform of the black dithering phase is [2 frames (-15) V,2 frames (+15) V ] V which are cycled a2 times, and a2 is determined by a ghost test; the first positive display stage in the first driving waveform corresponding to the black is a first black positive display stage, and the time of the first black positive display stage is m2.
4. The method for rapidly debugging a driving waveform of electronic paper according to claim 3, wherein a dithering phase in a first driving waveform corresponding to white is a white dithering phase, the waveform of the white dithering phase is [2 frames (-15) V,2 frames (+15) V ] V of a3 times cycle, and a3 is determined by a ghost test; the first positive display stage in the first driving waveform corresponding to the white is a first white positive display stage, and the time of the first white positive display stage is m3.
5. The method for fast brushing and debugging an electronic paper driving waveform according to claim 4, wherein the fast brushing and debugging stage corresponding to red color comprises a red unbalanced dithering stage and a second red normal dithering stage, the red unbalanced dithering stage comprises a PhaseA which is cycled c1 time, and the waveform structure of PhaseA is [2 frames (-15) v,1 frame (+15) v ], and c1 x3 frames = n1; the waveform structure of the second red positive display stage is consistent with the waveform of the first red positive display stage.
6. The method for fast brushing and debugging an electronic paper driving waveform according to claim 5, wherein the fast brushing and debugging stage corresponding to black includes a black unbalanced dithering stage and a second black positive display stage, the waveform of the black unbalanced dithering stage is PhaseB with a waveform structure of c2 times, and the PhaseB is: [2 frames (-15) V,1 frame (+15) V ]; the waveform of the second black positive display stage is in a waveform structure in which (+ 15) V is driven in a pulse mode.
7. The method for fast brushing and debugging an electronic paper driving waveform according to claim 6, wherein the fast brushing and debugging stage corresponding to white comprises a white unbalanced dithering stage and a second white positive display stage, the waveform of the white unbalanced dithering stage is PhaseC which circulates for c3 times, and the waveform structure of PhaseC is as follows: [2 frames (+15) V,1 frame (-15) V ]; the waveform of the second white positive display stage is of a waveform structure in which (-15) V is driven in a pulse mode.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the time of the red unbalanced shaking phase is equal to the time of the red shaking phase, the time of the black unbalanced shaking phase is equal to the time of the black shaking phase, and the time of the white unbalanced shaking phase is equal to the time of the white shaking phase.
9. The method for fast brushing and debugging of electronic paper driving waveforms according to claim 8, wherein the values of m1, m2 and m3 are related to the corresponding values of Lab of red, black and white, and the values of Lab are specifically as follows:
10. the method for fast brushing and debugging an electronic paper driving waveform according to claim 9, wherein the test patterns are respectively nine types of monochrome red blocks, monochrome black blocks, monochrome white blocks, red-background white words, red-background black words, black-background white words, black-background red words, white-background red words and white-background black words.
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CN116386550B (en) * 2023-04-03 2024-03-26 浙江汉显科技有限公司 Quick brushing and debugging method for electronic paper driving waveform
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