CN116380516B - Cooling tower water distribution uniformity testing method and matched testing device - Google Patents
Cooling tower water distribution uniformity testing method and matched testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116380516B CN116380516B CN202310658869.4A CN202310658869A CN116380516B CN 116380516 B CN116380516 B CN 116380516B CN 202310658869 A CN202310658869 A CN 202310658869A CN 116380516 B CN116380516 B CN 116380516B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 421
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/008—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by doing functionality tests
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a cooling tower water distribution uniformity test method and a matched test device, wherein the test method comprises the following steps: by moving the position of the water spraying testing device, the water spraying quantity of each water collecting unit at different positions can be obtained, and finally the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient at the same water spraying height is calculated; the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the water collecting units is adjusted through the lifting device for multiple times, so that the water spraying amount of each water collecting unit under different water spraying heights can be obtained, and the linear relation that the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient of the spray head changes along with the spray height under the experimental spray interval condition is obtained; the distance between the spray heads is changed for a plurality of times, so that the change trend of the uniformly distributed coefficient of the spray heads along with the change of the spray distance can be obtained. Has the following advantages: the matched testing device is convenient to move, the water distribution system redistributes the water quantity, the accuracy of the testing result is guaranteed, and the measuring result obtained by the testing method can truly and accurately reflect the water spraying uniformity of the water distribution system.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a cooling tower water distribution uniformity test method and a matched test device, and belongs to the technical field of test devices.
Background
The cooling tower is used for taking waste heat generated in industry out through cooling water, and performing heat exchange with air in the tower, so that the waste heat is transmitted to the air and is dispersed into the atmosphere.
One of the heat exchange modes of water and air in the cooling tower is that the air flowing through the surface of the water is in direct contact with the water, and heat in the water is transferred to the air through contact heat exchange and evaporation heat dissipation. A cooling tower using this cooling system is called a wet cooling tower. The heat exchange efficiency of the wet cooling tower is high, and the limit temperature of cooling water cooled is the wet bulb temperature of the inlet air.
The thermodynamic performance of the cooling tower is mainly determined by the water spraying filler and the actual steam-water ratio, and the distribution uniformity of water distribution in the tower in the filler directly determines the filler performance under the condition of the same steam-water ratio.
The cooling water distribution mode in the cooling tower mainly depends on the spray heads to spray the water in the water pipe to the periphery, and the spray water of different spray heads are mutually overlapped to form filler spray water.
The shower water from the water distribution system to the filler zone is not exactly the same, depending on the shower head form and shower head spacing. In the concentrated region of the showering water, the local soda water is smaller, so that the actual thermal performance of the filler is reduced. In areas with small water spraying or no water, the performance of the filler cannot be exerted, and partial icing of the filler can be caused in winter.
The water distribution mode of the existing water distribution uniformity testing system basically adopts a mode of combining a water distribution main pipe and a water distribution branch pipe, and the whole water distribution system needs to be replaced when the spray condition of spray heads with different intervals is to be tested, so that the development of testing work is not facilitated.
Meanwhile, the existing water distribution uniformity test mode is that five measuring points are selected in a water spraying area, the height of a water receiving disc is adjusted through two lifting carts, the water receiving disc is used for measuring the water receiving quantity of the measuring points, the water is collected in the water receiving disc, the flow is measured through an electromagnetic flowmeter of a water receiving pipe, the spraying water quantity of a spray nozzle is measured by dividing the whole flowmeter of the system by the number of the spray nozzles, the water spraying uniform distribution coefficients in different areas are calculated, and finally the average value is calculated. In the process, the selection of the measuring point position has great influence on the final test result, and the water spraying uniformity in the whole water distribution system is hard to represent. Meanwhile, the lifting vehicle has large self weight, and the two lifting vehicles are difficult to move in the test system under the condition of the water receiving disc.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims at solving the technical problems, and provides a cooling tower water distribution uniformity testing method and a matched testing device, wherein the matched testing device is convenient to move, a water distribution system redistributes water quantity, the accuracy of a testing result is ensured, and the measuring result obtained by the testing method can truly and accurately reflect the water distribution uniformity of the water distribution system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the supporting testing device of the cooling tower water distribution uniformity testing method comprises a water distribution system, a water spraying testing device, a supporting plane and a water collecting tank, wherein the water distribution system, the water spraying testing device, the supporting plane and the water collecting tank are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the water distribution system is communicated with the water collecting tank;
the water spraying testing device comprises a bracket, wherein the two ends of the bracket are connected with lifting devices, a plurality of water collecting units are hung on the bracket, the upper parts of the water collecting units are opened, the bottom center of each water collecting unit is communicated with a flow guiding pipe, and each flow guiding pipe is perpendicular to a horizontal plane; electromagnetic flowmeter is installed on each flow guiding pipe.
Further, the number of the water collecting units is at least 10, the sizes of the water collecting units are the same, and the size range of each water collecting unit is 50mm multiplied by 50mm to 100mm multiplied by 100mm.
Further, each electromagnetic flowmeter is connected with a data conversion module, the data conversion module is connected with a data acquisition system, the water spraying flow in each flow guide pipe is measured through the electromagnetic flowmeter, and the electric signal of the water spraying flow in each flow guide pipe is transmitted to the data conversion module to be converted into flow data and is transmitted to the data acquisition system.
Further, the water distribution system comprises a water distribution tank, a plurality of evenly distributed water inlets are formed in the top of the water distribution tank and are connected with a water inlet pipe, a flowmeter and a variable-frequency water pump are installed on the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is connected with a water collecting tank, a plurality of water outlets are evenly formed in the bottom of the water distribution tank and are connected with water outlet pipe sections, and the water outlet pipe sections are connected with spray heads through reducer pipes.
Further, the water distribution tank comprises a water tank upper cavity, a first screen layer, a second screen layer and a water tank lower cavity which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the water flow firstly reaches the cavity at the upper part of the water tank through the water inlet, the first screen mesh layer and the second screen mesh layer have certain resistance to the water body, and the water flow flows transversely in the cavity at the upper part of the water distribution tank after entering the water distribution tank;
after water flow enters the first screen layer and the second screen layer from the cavity at the upper part of the water tank, the water flow speed is high at the position with high water quantity, and the water pressure is relatively high; the water flow rate is low at the position with small water quantity, the water pressure is relatively small, and the water flow at the position with large water quantity returns to the position with small water quantity under the action of pressure difference;
and water flows enter the lower cavity of the water tank after passing through the first screen layer and the second screen layer, and after the water quantity is redistributed, the water pressure of each part in the lower cavity of the water tank is basically consistent, so that the accuracy of a test result is ensured.
Further, the inner hole gap of the first screen layer is larger than that of the second screen layer, the inner hole aperture of the first screen layer is 10mm-50mm, and the inner hole aperture of the second screen layer is 3mm-15mm.
A cooling tower water distribution uniformity test method, the test method comprising the steps of:
by moving the position of the water spraying testing device, the water spraying quantity of each water collecting unit at different positions can be obtained, and finally the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient at the same water spraying height is calculated;
the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the water collecting units is adjusted through the lifting device for multiple times, so that the water spraying amount of each water collecting unit under different water spraying heights can be obtained, and the linear relation that the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient of the spray head changes along with the spray height under the experimental spray interval condition is obtained;
the distance between the spray heads is changed for a plurality of times, the change trend of the spray water uniform distribution coefficient of the spray heads along with the change of the spray distance can be obtained, and the optimal spray distance can be determined to provide data guidance for the design of the water distribution system of the actual cooling tower.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the installation interval W of the spray heads according to the spray radius R of the single spray head, wherein W=R;
step 2, installing the spray heads on the water distribution tank according to the installation interval W of the spray heads, wherein the number of the installed spray heads is recorded as N;
step 3, determining the flow rate Q of a variable-frequency water pump in the water distribution system according to the designed spray water quantity Q of a single spray head, wherein Q=N×q, and determining the total flow rate of the variable-frequency water pump according to the designed flow rate of the spray head assuming that each spray head has the designed optimal flow rate as the water quantity redistributed to each spray head through the water quantity in the water distribution tank;
step 4, adjusting the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the water collecting unit to be H through a lifting device, wherein H is determined by the spray height of the spray head designed by the cooling tower, namely the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the section of the filler;
step 5, setting the flow of the variable-frequency water pump as Q;
step 6, starting the variable-frequency water pump, and starting the test after the flow data of the water collecting unit are stable;
step 7, slowly pushing the water spraying testing device to move in the water spraying area, wherein the moving direction is M-shaped, and the distance between the water spraying testing device and the edge of the water spraying area is kept more than 2 times of the installation distance W in the moving process;
step 8, collecting data during the movement of the water spraying test device, and collecting a group of data every 5-10 seconds according to a set time;
step 9, stopping collecting data when the passing area of the water spraying testing device is about 2/3 of the total area of the water spraying area, and closing the variable-frequency water pump;
step 10, calculating average water spraying uniform distribution coefficients of the water distribution system under the condition according to the acquired data, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
；
wherein, x1, x2, xm is the measured flow data;: all flow data averages; mu: and uniformly distributing coefficients.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
step 11, setting the flow rate of the variable-frequency water pump to be 0.7Q, 0.85Q, 1.15Q and 1.3Q respectively, wherein the flow rate of a single spray head is 0.7Q, 0.85Q, 1.15Q and 1.3Q, and repeating the steps 6 to 10;
and 12, drawing a curve by taking the single spray head flow q as an abscissa and taking the average water spray uniform distribution coefficient as an ordinate, and obtaining a relation curve of the water spray uniform distribution coefficient along with the spray head flow under the condition that the installation interval W and the spray height are H.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: the method also comprises the following steps:
step 13, adjusting the lifting mechanism of the water spraying test device to 0.8H and 1.2H respectively, and repeating the operation steps 4 to 10 to obtain a relation curve of the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient along with the flow of the spray head under the condition that the installation interval W and the spraying height are 0.8H, H and 1.2H;
and 14, adjusting the mounting interval W of the spray head, and repeating the steps 3 to 10 to confirm the optimal mounting interval W and the spray height H of the spray head according to the curve change trend.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following technical effects:
the matched testing device is convenient to move, the water distribution system redistributes the water quantity, the accuracy of the testing result is ensured, and the measuring result obtained by the testing method can truly and accurately reflect the water spraying uniformity of the water distribution system, and the method comprises the following steps:
1. from the spray head installation angle: the water distribution uniformity of the spray heads under different spray head arrangement modes and arrangement spacing conditions can be freely measured, and the traditional mode needs to measure the water distribution parameters of the spray heads with different spacing, so that the whole water distribution pipe part needs to be replaced, and time and labor are wasted.
2. According to the measuring mode, in the prior art, only 5 fixed measuring points are selected in the square spraying area and are determined to measure nearby the middle and four corners, the design of the water receiving disc of the measuring system is smaller in size, lighter in weight and convenient to move, the water receiving disc is enabled to move in an M shape in the spraying area after the water quantity of the measuring system is stable, the testing data of most areas can be obtained, and the testing result is more representative.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a general diagram of a test system according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the water distribution tank of the present application;
FIGS. 3 and 4 are views illustrating the connection of the shower head according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the interior of the water tank of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a bottom view and partial enlarged view of the dispensing tank of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a water spray test apparatus according to the present application;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the support and water collection unit of the present application;
fig. 9 is an explanatory view of installation of the water collecting unit in the present application.
Detailed Description
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a matching test device for a cooling tower water distribution uniformity test method includes a water distribution system 1, a water spray test device 2, a support plane 3 and a water collecting tank 4, wherein the water distribution system 1, the water spray test device 2, the support plane 3 and the water collecting tank 4 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the water distribution system 1 is communicated with the water collecting tank 4.
The water distribution system 1 comprises a water distribution tank 1.1, the water distribution tank 1.1 is a 10000-200 mm tank body, four evenly distributed water inlets 1.2 are arranged at the top of the water distribution tank 1.1, the intervals between the water inlets 1.2 are 5000mm, the water inlets 1.2 are connected with a water inlet pipe 7, a flowmeter 6 and a variable-frequency water pump 5 are arranged on the water inlet pipe 7, the water inlet pipe 7 is connected with a water collecting tank 4, a plurality of water outlets 1.4 are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the water distribution tank 1.1, the center-to-center distance of the water outlets 1.4 is 100mm, the water outlets 1.4 are connected with water outlet pipe sections 1.5 with the inner diameter of 43mm and the length of 50mm, the water outlet pipe sections 1.5 are connected with spray heads 1.7 through reducing pipes 1.6, the reducing pipe sections 1.5 are connected with the water outlet pipe sections 1.5 through threads, matched metal plugging covers 1.8 used when the spray heads are not needed to be connected, and the water outlet pipe sections 1.5 are connected with the water outlet plugging covers 1.8 through threads.
The water pressure and the water quantity of the spray heads arranged at different positions at the bottom of the water distribution tank 1.1 are different under the influence of the connection position of the water inlet 1.2 and the water distribution tank 1.1. The larger the spray water pressure of the spray head at the position which is closer to the water inlet 1.2 is, the larger the spray water quantity is, and conversely, the smaller the spray water pressure of the spray head at the position which is farther from the water inlet 1.2 is, the smaller the spray water quantity is.
The water distribution tank comprises a tank upper cavity 1.9, a first screen layer 1.10, a second screen layer 1.11 and a tank lower cavity 1.12 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
The water flow firstly reaches the cavity 1.9 at the upper part of the water tank through the water inlet 1.2, and the first screen layer 1.10 and the second screen layer 1.11 have certain resistance to the water body, the aperture of the inner hole of the first screen layer 1.10 is 10mm-50mm, and the aperture of the inner hole of the second screen layer 1.11 is 3mm-15mm, so that the water flow flows transversely in the cavity at the upper part of the water tank after entering the water distribution tank.
After water flow enters the first screen layer 1.10 and the second screen layer 1.11 from the upper cavity 1.9 of the water tank, the water flow speed is high at the position with high water quantity, and the water pressure is high; the water flow rate is low at the position with small water quantity, the water pressure is also small, and the water flow at the position with large water quantity returns to the position with small water quantity under the action of pressure difference.
After the water flow passes through the first screen layer 1.10 and the second screen layer 1.11, the water pressure of each part in the cavity 1.12 at the lower part of the water tank is basically consistent after the water flow is redistributed again, so that the accuracy of the test result is ensured.
The first screen layer 1.10 has a larger pore size than the second screen layer 1.11, facilitating redistribution of water within the first screen layer 1.10.
The bottom of the lower cavity 1.12 of the water tank is provided with a digital display pressure gauge for measuring the water pressure before entering the spray head, and the water outlet 1.4 is arranged at the bottom of the lower cavity 1.12 of the water tank.
The variable-frequency water pump, the flowmeter and the digital display pressure gauge are connected to the remote control end through the data conversion module, a tester can set required flow or water pressure according to test requirements, and the system adjusts the working frequency of the variable-frequency water pump according to data feedback of the flowmeter and the digital display pressure gauge so as to enable the variable-frequency water pump to meet test requirements.
The water collecting tank 4 is a water tank with the depth of 0.9-1.2 m, and the water level should be ensured to be more than 0.5 m when in normal use.
As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the water spray test device 2 includes a water collecting unit 2.3, a flow guiding pipe 2.5, an electromagnetic flowmeter 2.4, a bracket 2.2, and a lifting device 2.1.
The support 2.2 is of an H-shaped beam supporting structure, a plurality of water collecting units 2.3 which are arranged in rows are hung on the support 2.2, and lifting devices 2.1 are connected to two ends of the support 2.2, so that the water distribution uniformity of the spray heads is different under the same spraying condition, and if the spray heads with good water distribution uniformity under the smaller spraying height are found, the height of the tower body can be effectively reduced, and the cost of the cooling tower is reduced.
The water collecting units 2.3 have the same size, the size range of each water collecting unit 2.3 is 50mm multiplied by 100mm, the upper side of the water collecting unit 2.3 is opened, and the number of the water collecting units is at least 10.
One side of the water collecting unit 2.3 is fixed with a U-shaped hook 2.6, so that the water collecting unit 2.3 can be fixed on the bracket 2.2.
A rubber gasket 2.7 is arranged between the U-shaped hook 2.6 and the bracket 2.2, so that the friction force between the U-shaped hook and the bracket is increased.
The center of the bottom of each water collecting unit is communicated with a flow guide pipe 2.5, and each flow guide pipe 2.5 is vertical to the horizontal plane; an electromagnetic flowmeter 2.4 is arranged on each flow guiding pipe 2.5; each electromagnetic flowmeter 2.4 is connected with a data conversion module, the data conversion module is connected with a data acquisition system, the water spraying flow in each flow guide pipe 2.5 is measured through the electromagnetic flowmeter 2.4, the water spraying flow electric signal in each flow guide pipe 2.5 is sent to the data conversion module to be converted into flow data, and the flow data are sent to the data acquisition system, so that the water spraying quantity of each water collecting unit can be directly obtained through the data acquisition system.
The water spraying amount of each water collecting unit at different positions can be obtained through the position of the universal wheel water spraying testing device 2 at the bottom of the support, and finally the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient at the same water spraying height is calculated.
The distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the water collecting unit is adjusted through the lifting device for multiple times, and the water spraying amount of each water collecting unit under different water spraying heights can be obtained, so that the linear relation that the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient of the spray head changes along with the spray height under the condition of experimental spray spacing is obtained, the water distribution uniformity of the spray head is different under the same spray condition, and if the spray head with good water distribution uniformity under the smaller spray height is found, the tower height can be effectively reduced, and the cost of the cooling tower is reduced.
The distance between the spray heads is changed for a plurality of times, the change trend of the spray water uniform distribution coefficient of the spray heads along with the change of the spray distance can be obtained, and the optimal spray distance can be determined to provide data guidance for the design of the water distribution system of the actual cooling tower.
The following is a specific test method:
step 1, determining the installation interval W of the spray heads according to the spray radius R of the single spray head, wherein W=R.
And 2, installing the spray heads on the water distribution tank according to the installation interval W of the spray heads, wherein the number of the installed spray heads is recorded as N.
And 3, determining the flow Q of a variable-frequency water pump in the water distribution system according to the designed spray water quantity Q of a single spray head, wherein Q=N×q, and determining the total flow of the variable-frequency water pump according to the designed flow of the spray head assuming that each spray head has the designed optimal flow as the water quantity redistributed to each spray head through the water quantity in the water distribution tank.
And 4, adjusting the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the water collecting unit to be H through the lifting device, wherein the H is determined by the spray height of the spray head designed by the cooling tower, namely, the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the section of the filler is usually 0.8-1 meter, so as to verify whether the spray height design of the spray head of the existing cooling tower is reasonable or not, and the improvement is convenient on the basis.
And 5, setting the flow of the variable-frequency water pump as Q.
And step 6, starting the variable-frequency water pump, and starting the test after the flow data of the water collecting unit are stable.
And 7, after data acquisition is started, two testers slowly push the water spraying testing device to move in the water spraying area, the moving direction is M-shaped, the device sweeps a larger area in the water spraying area, water spraying parameters of more positions are recorded, and the distance between the water spraying testing device and the edge of the water spraying area is kept to be more than 2 times of the installation distance W in the moving process.
And 8, collecting data during the movement of the water spraying test device, and collecting a group of data every 5-10 seconds according to the set time.
And 9, stopping collecting data when the passing area of the water spraying testing device is about 2/3 of the total area of the water spraying area, and closing the variable-frequency water pump.
Step 10, calculating average water spraying uniform distribution coefficients of the water distribution system under the condition according to the acquired data, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
；
wherein, x1, x2, xm is the measured flow data;: all flow data averages; mu: and uniformly distributing coefficients.
And 11, setting the flow rate of the variable-frequency water pump to be 0.7Q, 0.85Q, 1.15Q and 1.3Q respectively, wherein the flow rate of a single spray head is 0.7Q, 0.85Q, 1.15Q and 1.3Q, and repeating the steps 6 to 10.
And 12, drawing a curve by taking the single spray head flow q as an abscissa and taking the average water spray uniform distribution coefficient as an ordinate, and obtaining a relation curve of the water spray uniform distribution coefficient along with the spray head flow under the condition that the installation interval W and the spray height are H.
And step 13, adjusting the lifting mechanism of the water spraying test device to 0.8H and 1.2H respectively, and repeating the operation steps 4 to 10 to obtain a relation curve of the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient along with the flow of the spray head under the condition that the installation interval W and the spraying height are 0.8H, H and 1.2H.
And 14, adjusting the mounting interval W of the spray head, and repeating the steps 3 to 10 to confirm the optimal mounting interval W and the spray height H of the spray head according to the curve change trend.
The curve is made by the uniform distribution coefficients obtained by the same installation interval W and different spraying heights, so that a curve of the uniform distribution coefficient changing along with the spraying height under the same installation interval can be obtained.
And drawing uniform distribution coefficient curves under different installation intervals W according to the method.
And determining the optimal installation interval and the spraying height by comparing the change rules of the uniformly distributed coefficients under a plurality of curves.
The description of the present application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the application in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the application and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the application for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (7)
1. The matched testing device of the cooling tower water distribution uniformity testing method is characterized in that: the water distribution system comprises a water distribution system (1), a water spraying testing device (2), a supporting plane (3) and a water collecting tank (4), wherein the water distribution system (1), the water spraying testing device (2), the supporting plane (3) and the water collecting tank (4) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the water distribution system (1) is communicated with the water collecting tank (4);
the water spraying testing device (2) comprises a support (2.2), lifting devices (2.1) are connected to two ends of the support (2.2), a plurality of water collecting units (2.3) which are arranged in rows are hung on the support (2.2), openings are formed in the upper sides of the water collecting units (2.3), a flow guide pipe (2.5) is communicated with the center of the bottom of each water collecting unit, and each flow guide pipe (2.5) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane; an electromagnetic flowmeter (2.4) is arranged on each flow guiding pipe (2.5);
the water distribution system (1) comprises a water distribution tank (1.1), a plurality of evenly distributed water inlets (1.2) are formed in the top of the water distribution tank (1.1), the water inlets (1.2) are connected with a water inlet pipe (7), a flowmeter (6) and a variable-frequency water pump (5) are arranged on the water inlet pipe (7), the water inlet pipe (7) is connected with a water collecting tank (4), a plurality of water outlets (1.4) are evenly formed in the bottom of the water distribution tank (1.1), the water outlets (1.4) are connected with water outlet pipe sections (1.5), and the water outlet pipe sections (1.5) are connected with spray heads (1.7) through reducing pipes (1.6);
the water distribution tank (1.1) comprises a water tank upper cavity (1.9), a first screen layer (1.10), a second screen layer (1.11) and a water tank lower cavity (1.12) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the water flow firstly reaches the cavity (1.9) at the upper part of the water tank through the water inlet (1.2), the first screen layer (1.10) and the second screen layer (1.11) have certain resistance to the water body, and the water flow flows in the cavity (1.9) at the upper part of the water distribution tank after entering the water distribution tank;
after water flow enters the first screen layer (1.10) and the second screen layer (1.11) from the upper cavity (1.9) of the water tank, the water flow rate is high at the position with high water quantity, and the water pressure is relatively high; the water flow rate is low at the position with small water quantity, the water pressure is relatively small, and the water flow at the position with large water quantity returns to the position with small water quantity under the action of pressure difference;
after water flows through the first screen layer (1.10) and the second screen layer (1.11), the water flows into the lower cavity (1.12) of the water tank, and after the water flows are redistributed, the water pressures of all parts in the lower cavity (1.12) of the water tank are basically consistent, so that the accuracy of a test result is ensured.
2. The test device for a cooling tower water distribution uniformity test method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the number of the water collecting units (2.3) is at least 10, the sizes of the water collecting units (2.3) are the same, and the size range of each water collecting unit (2.3) is 50mm multiplied by 50mm to 100mm multiplied by 100mm.
3. The test device for a cooling tower water distribution uniformity test method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: each electromagnetic flowmeter (2.4) is connected with a data conversion module, the data conversion module is connected with a data acquisition system, the water spraying flow in each flow guide pipe (2.5) is measured through the electromagnetic flowmeter (2.4), and the water spraying flow electric signal in each flow guide pipe (2.5) is transmitted to the data conversion module to be converted into flow data and is transmitted to the data acquisition system.
4. The test device for a cooling tower water distribution uniformity test method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the inner hole gap of the first screen layer (1.10) is larger than that of the second screen layer (1.11), the inner hole aperture of the first screen layer (1.10) is 10mm-50mm, and the inner hole aperture of the second screen layer (1.11) is 3mm-15mm.
5. A cooling tower water distribution uniformity testing method is characterized in that: the test method is applied to the matched test device according to any one of claims 1-4, and comprises the following steps:
by moving the position of the water spraying testing device, the water spraying quantity of each water collecting unit at different positions can be obtained, and finally the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient at the same water spraying height is calculated;
the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the water collecting units is adjusted through the lifting device for multiple times, so that the water spraying amount of each water collecting unit under different water spraying heights can be obtained, and the linear relation that the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient of the spray head changes along with the spray height under the experimental spray interval condition is obtained;
the distance between the spray heads is changed for a plurality of times, so that the change trend of the uniformly distributed coefficient of the spray heads along with the change of the spray distance can be obtained, and the optimal spray distance can be determined to provide data guidance for the design of the water distribution system of the actual cooling tower;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the installation interval W of the spray heads according to the spray radius R of the single spray head, wherein W=R;
step 2, installing the spray heads on the water distribution tank according to the installation interval W of the spray heads, wherein the number of the installed spray heads is recorded as N;
step 3, determining the flow rate Q of a variable-frequency water pump in the water distribution system according to the designed spray water quantity Q of a single spray head, wherein Q=N×q, and determining the total flow rate of the variable-frequency water pump according to the designed flow rate of the spray head assuming that each spray head has the designed optimal flow rate as the water quantity redistributed to each spray head through the water quantity in the water distribution tank;
step 4, adjusting the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the water collecting unit to be H through a lifting device, wherein H is determined by the spray height of the spray head designed by the cooling tower, namely the distance from the water outlet of the spray head to the section of the filler;
step 5, setting the flow of the variable-frequency water pump as Q;
step 6, starting the variable-frequency water pump, and starting the test after the flow data of the water collecting unit are stable;
step 7, slowly pushing the water spraying testing device to move in the water spraying area, wherein the moving direction is M-shaped, and the distance between the water spraying testing device and the edge of the water spraying area is kept more than 2 times of the installation distance W in the moving process;
step 8, collecting data during the movement of the water spraying test device, and collecting a group of data every 5-10 seconds according to a set time;
step 9, stopping collecting data when the passing area of the water spraying testing device is about 2/3 of the total area of the water spraying area, and closing the variable-frequency water pump;
step 10, calculating average water spraying uniform distribution coefficients of the water distribution system under the condition according to the acquired data, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
；
wherein, x1, x2, xm is the measured flow data;: all flow data averages; mu: and uniformly distributing coefficients.
6. A cooling tower water distribution uniformity testing method according to claim 5, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps:
step 11, setting the flow rate of the variable-frequency water pump to be 0.7Q, 0.85Q, 1.15Q and 1.3Q respectively, wherein the flow rate of a single spray head is 0.7Q, 0.85Q, 1.15Q and 1.3Q, and repeating the steps 6 to 10;
and 12, drawing a curve by taking the single spray head flow q as an abscissa and taking the average water spray uniform distribution coefficient as an ordinate, and obtaining a relation curve of the water spray uniform distribution coefficient along with the spray head flow under the condition that the installation interval W and the spray height are H.
7. A cooling tower water distribution uniformity testing method according to claim 5, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps:
step 13, adjusting the lifting mechanism of the water spraying test device to 0.8H and 1.2H respectively, and repeating the operation steps 4 to 10 to obtain a relation curve of the water spraying uniform distribution coefficient along with the flow of the spray head under the condition that the installation interval W and the spraying height are 0.8H, H and 1.2H;
and 14, adjusting the mounting interval W of the spray head, and repeating the steps 3 to 10 to confirm the optimal mounting interval W and the spray height H of the spray head according to the curve change trend.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58164998A (en) * | 1982-03-26 | 1983-09-29 | Ohbayashigumi Ltd | Sprinkling method of cooling water in cooling tower |
| CN102706550A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-03 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Water-spraying uniformity testing device and testing method |
| CN106403700A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-15 | 河海大学常州校区 | Cooling tower real-time dynamic water distribution system and method based on non-uniform spraying device |
| CN106839809A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-13 | 福建工程学院 | The square cooling tower device of crossing current and control method with dedusting and anti-scaling function |
| CN107831190A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-03-23 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of method for measuring cooling tower soaking filler Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics |
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- 2023-06-06 CN CN202310658869.4A patent/CN116380516B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58164998A (en) * | 1982-03-26 | 1983-09-29 | Ohbayashigumi Ltd | Sprinkling method of cooling water in cooling tower |
| CN102706550A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-03 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Water-spraying uniformity testing device and testing method |
| CN106403700A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-15 | 河海大学常州校区 | Cooling tower real-time dynamic water distribution system and method based on non-uniform spraying device |
| CN106839809A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-13 | 福建工程学院 | The square cooling tower device of crossing current and control method with dedusting and anti-scaling function |
| CN107831190A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-03-23 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of method for measuring cooling tower soaking filler Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics |
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