CN116379948A - Large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation - Google Patents
Large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116379948A CN116379948A CN202310105829.7A CN202310105829A CN116379948A CN 116379948 A CN116379948 A CN 116379948A CN 202310105829 A CN202310105829 A CN 202310105829A CN 116379948 A CN116379948 A CN 116379948A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- displacement meter
- wide
- range
- surrounding rock
- drilling hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation, which comprises a vibrating wire type displacement meter arranged in a rock drilling hole, wherein the end face of the vibrating wire type displacement meter facing the outside of the drilling hole is sequentially connected with a plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters which are arranged in series; the inner end and the outer end of the drill hole of the vibrating wire type displacement meter are respectively sleeved with a non-return claw, and the outer circumference of the fixing piece of each wide-range laser displacement meter and the outer circumference of the outer sleeve extending out of the inner sleeve are respectively sleeved with a non-return claw; the non-return claw is including the clamp of parcel in the barrel periphery, still fixedly connected with symmetrical arrangement's guide arm section of thick bamboo on the clamp, be provided with location push mechanism in the guide arm section of thick bamboo, location push mechanism both ends are pegged graft and are had the propelling movement extension pole. The vibration string type displacement meter, the plurality of large-range laser displacement meters and the inclinometer are connected in series, so that the deformation distribution conditions in the rock bodies with different depths are accurately measured, and the vibration string type displacement meter is suitable for multipoint and real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock topography large deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation.
Background
Displacement monitoring of underground tunnel/cavern engineering is an essential important means in engineering survey, design, construction and operation processes, and is regarded as a direct indicator of engineering design effect, construction and operation safety.
While geotechnical engineering is rapidly developed, the encountered engineering geological conditions are more complex and complex, and higher requirements are also put on monitoring technology and monitoring equipment. At present, a multipoint displacement meter measuring method is mainly adopted for monitoring large deformation in surrounding rock of an underground tunnel/chamber.
The multi-point displacement meter in the prior art has higher general precision, but has the following defects: firstly, the maximum range is smaller and is generally less than or equal to 30cm, and the method is not suitable for meter-level deformation in tunnel/chamber engineering; secondly, the multi-point displacement meter can only measure the overall deformation condition of the rock mass in a certain range, but the detailed deformation distribution condition in different depths Fan Weiyan is difficult to obtain accurately; thirdly, the multipoint displacement meter needs to be fixed by grouting in a drilling hole in the installation process, and the installation process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation, which not only connects a vibrating wire type displacement meter, a plurality of large-range laser displacement meters and an inclinometer in series to accurately measure deformation distribution conditions in rock bodies with different depths; and moreover, the complicated grouting fixation in the drilled hole is avoided, and the installation process is simple.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation, which comprises a vibrating wire type displacement meter arranged in a rock drilling hole, and is characterized in that: the end face of the vibrating wire type displacement meter facing the outside of the drilling hole is sequentially connected with a plurality of large-range laser displacement meters which are arranged in series;
the wide-range laser displacement meter comprises an outer sleeve arranged in a rock drilling hole, wherein the end surface of the outer sleeve, which is close to the inside of the drilling hole, is connected with a fixing piece, and the end surface of the fixing piece, which is close to the inside of the outer sleeve, is connected with a pull rod which is arranged in the outer sleeve and extends towards the outside of the drilling hole; the end, close to the fixing piece, of the pull rod is sleeved with a guide pillar in a penetrating mode, the guide pillar is respectively abutted to the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the periphery of the pull rod, and the end, close to the outer part of the drilling hole, of the pull rod is sleeved with a ranging baffle plate which is perpendicular to the pull rod in a penetrating mode; the end face, facing the outside of the drilling hole, of the guide pillar is abutted with an inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is attached to the inner wall of the outer sleeve, extends out of the outer sleeve and can move freely towards the outside of the drilling hole, the ranging baffle is arranged in the inner sleeve barrel, laser sensors are arranged at intervals towards the outer side of the drilling hole, and the laser sensors are fixed in the inner sleeve barrel;
the inner end of the drilling hole of the vibrating wire type displacement meter is sleeved with a non-return claw, and the non-return claw is sleeved on the periphery of the fixing piece of each wide-range laser displacement meter and the periphery of the outer sleeve extending out of the inner sleeve respectively;
the non-return claw comprises a clamp wrapped on the periphery of the cylinder body, a plurality of circumferentially distributed elastic pieces are fixedly connected to the periphery of the clamp, each elastic piece diverges and extends towards the outside of the drilling hole, and the diverged diameter formed by the circumferentially distributed elastic pieces is larger than the diameter of the drilling hole; the clamp is also fixedly connected with a guide rod barrel which is arranged in parallel with the barrel, a positioning pushing mechanism is arranged in the guide rod barrel, pushing extension rods are inserted at two ends of the positioning pushing mechanism, a plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters are sequentially pushed into a drill hole through the synergistic effect of the positioning pushing mechanism and the pushing extension rods, serial guide installation of the adjacent wide-range laser displacement meters is realized, and therefore multi-point displacement measurement of surrounding rock large deformation is finally realized.
Further, a clamping groove is cut on the wall of the guide rod cylinder; the positioning pushing mechanism comprises a pushing main body embedded in the guide rod barrel, limiting protrusions capable of being clamped into the clamping grooves are arranged on the periphery of the pushing main body, hollow connecting rods for inserting the pushing extension rods are arranged at two ends of the pushing main body, and insertion holes which are symmetrically arranged in the radial direction are formed in each hollow connecting rod; the two ends of the pushing extension rod are provided with bolt holes matched with the jacks.
Still further, the clamp is symmetrical arrangement's C type clamp, every C type clamp tip all has the connection piece towards radial extension, every all dig on the connection piece has the connecting hole, through the bolted connection in the connecting hole between the symmetrical arrangement's C type clamp.
Further, the guide posts are provided with pull rod supporting covers at intervals towards the inner sides of the drill holes, and the pull rod supporting covers are in threaded connection with the inner walls of the outer sleeves.
Still further, the inner sleeve is close to the outside terminal surface of drilling and is provided with the cover, through threaded connection between cover and the inner sleeve, the non return claw on the inner sleeve sets up in the cover periphery.
Further, a wire guide hole for passing through the laser sensor wire is cut on the cylinder wall of the cylinder cover.
Further, the end face of the wide-range laser displacement meter facing the outside of the drill hole is also connected with an inclinometer, and the inclinometer is an MEMS inclinometer.
Further, the periphery of the vibrating wire type displacement meter sensor wire, the periphery of the laser sensor wire and the periphery of the inclinometer sensor wire are wrapped with sealing materials Zhou Jun, and the sealing materials are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Furthermore, sensor data of the vibrating wire type displacement meter, sensor data of the laser sensor and sensor data of the inclinometer are collected in series, and 485 signal transmission is adopted.
Further, the measuring range of the vibrating wire type displacement meter is 2.5-5 cm, and the measuring error is +/-0.1 mm; the measuring range of the wide-range laser displacement meter is 0-2 m, and the measuring error is +/-1 mm.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the vibrating wire type displacement meter, a plurality of large-range laser displacement meters and the inclinometer are connected in series to obtain detailed deformation distribution conditions in the rock bodies with different depths, and the millimeter-level deformation at the deepest part of the surrounding rock is measured by the vibrating wire type displacement meter; for meter-level deformation close to the rock mass of the temporary face, measuring by a wide-range laser displacement meter; correcting the axial deformation actually measured by an inclinometer for the lateral deformation generated by a plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters;
2. the method comprises the steps of firstly adjusting the divergence diameter of a spring plate of a non-return claw, respectively installing the non-return claw at two ends of a vibrating wire type displacement meter, taking an outer sleeve in a first wide-range laser displacement meter as a fixed end and an inner sleeve as a movable end, and installing the non-return claw at the fixed end; then, the vibrating wire type displacement meter is arranged at the fixed end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter, the inner end of the first push extension rod is inserted into a hollow connecting rod of the fixed end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter, and a bolt is inserted into a bolt hole, so that the connection between the inner end of the first push extension rod and a positioning pushing mechanism of the fixed end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter is realized; finally, a non-return claw is arranged at the movable end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter, the outer end of the first push extension rod is inserted into a hollow connecting rod of the movable end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter, and a bolt is inserted into a bolt hole, so that the outer end of the first push extension rod is connected with a positioning push mechanism of the movable end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter;
3. pushing the vibrating wire type displacement meter and the first wide-range laser displacement meter into the drill hole, wherein the non-return claw is constrained by the inner wall of the drill hole, and the circumferentially arranged elastic sheet is compressed and tightly attached to the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the vibrating wire type displacement meter and the first wide-range laser displacement meter can only be pushed in along the inner direction of the drill hole and cannot be pulled out of the drill hole;
4. continuously inserting the inner end of the second pushing extension rod into the hollow connecting rod at the movable end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter, and inserting a bolt into the bolt hole; taking an outer sleeve in the second wide-range laser displacement meter as a fixed end and an inner sleeve as a movable end, and installing a non-return claw at the fixed end; inserting the outer end of the second push extension rod into a hollow connecting rod of the fixed end of the second wide-range laser displacement meter, and inserting a bolt into a bolt hole to realize the connection of the outer end of the second push extension rod and a positioning push mechanism of the fixed end of the second wide-range laser displacement meter, thereby realizing the serial connection of the first wide-range laser displacement meter and the second wide-range laser displacement meter; repeating the steps according to the drilling depth and the surrounding rock depth to be measured, and pushing all the plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters into the drilling;
5. when a plurality of serially connected wide-range laser displacement meters are pushed to a target depth, the push extension rod is pulled by external force of the drill hole, and as the elastic sheet on the non-return claw is designed to diverge towards the outside of the drill hole, the elastic sheet can be clamped into the inner wall of the drill hole more firmly under the action of pulling force, so that the vibrating wire type displacement meter and the plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters are fixed in the drill hole, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve of the wide-range laser displacement meter are ensured to be deformed synchronously with surrounding rock respectively, and the complex process of pouring concrete to fix a rod body can be avoided;
6. the single wide-range laser displacement meter can set the initial state of the inner sleeve and the whole length of the wide-range laser displacement meter according to the deformation type and the maximum deformation depth of the rock mass with the temporary face, and if the rock mass with the temporary face mainly deforms in a stretching way, the inner sleeve in the initial state is suitable to be completely plugged into the outer sleeve; otherwise, if the rock mass is mainly deformed by compression, the suitable part of the inner sleeve in the initial state extends out of the outer sleeve;
7. for a single wide-range laser displacement meter, when a shallow rock mass is deformed, the inner sleeve correspondingly coordinates deformation along with surrounding rock, and meanwhile, the laser sensor correspondingly coordinates deformation along with the surrounding rock, at the moment, the distance between the laser sensor and the ranging baffle is changed in real time, the laser pulse reflection time of the laser sensor transmitted to the ranging baffle is also changed in real time, and the changed laser pulse reflection time is converted into the distance between the laser sensor and the ranging baffle, so that the deformation value of the shallow rock mass is obtained; when the deep rock mass is deformed, the outer sleeve correspondingly and cooperatively deforms along with surrounding rock, meanwhile, the distance measuring baffle correspondingly and cooperatively deforms along with the surrounding rock, at the moment, the distance between the distance measuring baffle and the laser sensor is changed in real time, the laser pulse reflection time of the laser sensor transmitted to the distance measuring baffle is also changed in real time, and the changed laser pulse reflection time is converted into the distance between the laser sensor and the distance measuring baffle, so that the deformation value of the deep rock mass is obtained;
the invention is suitable for the large-range serial multi-point displacement measuring meter of the surrounding rock large deformation, not only the vibrating wire type displacement meter, a plurality of large-range laser displacement meters and the inclinometer are connected in series, but also the deformation distribution conditions in the rock bodies with different depths are accurately measured, and the invention is suitable for the multi-point and real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock large deformation; and all displacement meters are fixed in the drill hole through the special structure of the non-return claw, so that the trouble of grouting fixation in the drill hole is avoided, the installation process is simple, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a wide range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted to large deformation of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the single wide range laser displacement meter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the single wide range laser displacement meter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic elevational view of the single wide range laser displacement gauge of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 4 in the direction A-A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outer sleeve of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner sleeve of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the guide post of FIG. 5;
FIG. 9 is a schematic elevational view of the guide post of FIG. 5;
FIG. 10 is a right (or left) view of the guide post of FIG. 5;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a cross-sectional structure of the pull rod supporting cover of FIG. 5;
FIG. 12 is a right (or left) view of the pull rod support cover of FIG. 5;
FIG. 13 is a right (or left) view of the reverse pawl of FIG. 2;
FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of the C-shaped clamp of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of the positioning pushing mechanism of FIG. 2 mounted in a guide rod cartridge;
FIG. 16 is a side perspective view of the positioning pushing mechanism of FIG. 2;
FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of the push extension rod of FIG. 2;
in the figure: the vibration wire type displacement meter 1, the wide-range laser displacement meter 2, the inclinometer 3, the non-return claw 4, the positioning pushing mechanism 5 and the pushing extension rod 6;
the wide-range laser displacement meter 2 includes: the device comprises an outer sleeve 2-1, a fixing piece 2-2, a pull rod 2-3, a pull rod supporting cover 2-4, a guide post 2-5, a ranging baffle 2-6, an inner sleeve 2-7 and a laser sensor 2-8;
the inner sleeve 2-7 comprises: 2-71 parts of cylinder cover and 2-72 parts of wire guide hole;
the non-return pawl 4 includes: the spring plate 4-1, the clamp 4-2, the connecting piece 4-3, the connecting hole 4-4, the guide rod barrel 4-5 and the clamping groove 4-6;
the positioning pushing mechanism 5 includes: the pushing main body 5-1, the limiting protrusion 5-2, the hollow connecting rod 5-3 and the jack 5-4;
the push extension rod 6 comprises: pin holes 6-1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 17, the wide-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation comprises a vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 arranged in a rock drilling hole, wherein the end face of the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 facing the outside of the drilling hole is sequentially connected with a plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters 2 which are arranged in series.
The wide-range laser displacement meter 2 comprises an outer sleeve 2-1 arranged in a rock drilling hole, wherein the end surface of the outer sleeve 2-1, which is close to the inside of the drilling hole, is connected with a fixing piece 2-2, and the end surface of the fixing piece 2-2, which is close to the inside of the outer sleeve 2-1, is connected with a pull rod 2-3 which is arranged in the outer sleeve 2-1 and extends towards the outside of the drilling hole; the end, close to the fixed piece 2-2, of the pull rod 2-3 is sleeved with a guide post 2-5 in a penetrating mode, the guide post 2-5 is respectively abutted to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2-1 and the periphery of the pull rod 2-3, and the end, close to the outer end of the drilling hole, of the pull rod 2-3 is sleeved with a ranging baffle plate 2-6 which is perpendicular to the pull rod 2-3 in a penetrating mode; the end face of the guide post 2-5 facing the outside of the drilling hole is abutted with an inner sleeve 2-7, the inner sleeve 2-7 is attached to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2-1, the outer sleeve 2-1 extends out and can move freely towards the outside of the drilling hole, the ranging baffle 2-6 is arranged in the inner sleeve 2-7 barrel, the ranging baffle 2-6 is provided with laser sensors 2-8 facing the outside of the drilling hole at intervals, and the laser sensors 2-8 are fixed in the inner sleeve 2-7 barrel.
The inner end of the drill hole of the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 is sleeved with a non-return claw 4, and the non-return claw 4 is sleeved on the periphery of the outer sleeve 2-1 of each fixing piece 2-2 of the wide-range laser displacement meter 2 and the periphery of the outer sleeve 2-6 extending out of the outer sleeve 2-1 respectively.
The non-return claw 4 comprises a clamp 4-2 wrapped on the periphery of the cylinder body, a plurality of elastic pieces 4-1 distributed circumferentially are fixedly connected to the periphery of the clamp 4-2, each elastic piece 4-1 diverges and extends towards the outside of a drilling hole, and the divergence diameter formed by the elastic pieces 4-1 distributed circumferentially is larger than the diameter of the drilling hole; the clamp 4-2 is fixedly connected with a guide rod barrel 4-5 which is arranged in parallel with the barrel, a positioning pushing mechanism 5 is arranged in the guide rod barrel 4-5, pushing extension rods 6 are inserted at two ends of the positioning pushing mechanism 5, a plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters 2 are sequentially pushed into a drill hole through the synergistic effect of the positioning pushing mechanism 5 and the pushing extension rods 6, serial guide installation of the adjacent wide-range laser displacement meters 2 is realized, and therefore multi-point displacement measurement of surrounding rock large deformation is finally realized.
In this embodiment, two guide rod cylinders 4-5 arranged radially symmetrically are also fixedly connected to the clip 4-2.
After the underground tunnel/cavity is excavated, surrounding rock near the excavated free surface is often deformed maximally, and the deformation of a surrounding rock large deformation area can reach the meter level. As the depth increases, the deformation of surrounding rock is smaller, generally in millimeter level, and the precision of the wide-range laser displacement meter is 1mm because the wide-range laser displacement meter adopts laser ranging, so as to further improve the measurement precision of deep surrounding rock deformation, the invention connects a set of vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 in series on the deepest wide-range laser displacement meter 2, the measurement precision of the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 is 0.1mm (the maximum range is 2.5-5 cm), and the deformation measurement of deep surrounding rock millimeter level can be satisfied.
The working principle of the single-branch wide-range laser displacement meter 2 suitable for the wide-range serial multi-point displacement meter with large deformation of surrounding rock is as follows:
firstly, taking an outer sleeve 2-1 as a fixed end, taking an inner sleeve 2-7 as a movable end, respectively arranging a non-return claw 4 at the fixed end and the movable end, pushing a large-range laser displacement meter 2 to a set depth in a drilling hole through a special structure of the non-return claw 4, and fixing the fixed end and the movable end in the drilling hole to ensure that the outer sleeve 2-1 and deep surrounding rock deform synchronously, and the inner sleeve 2-7 and shallow surrounding rock deform synchronously;
secondly, when the shallow rock mass is deformed, the inner sleeve 2-7 correspondingly and cooperatively deforms along with surrounding rock, meanwhile, the laser sensor 2-8 correspondingly and cooperatively deforms along with the surrounding rock, at the moment, the distance between the laser sensor 2-8 and the ranging baffle 2-6 is changed in real time, the laser pulse reflection time of the laser sensor 2-8 transmitted to the ranging baffle 2-6 is also changed in real time, and the changed laser pulse reflection time is converted into the distance between the laser sensor 2-8 and the ranging baffle 2-6, so that the deformation value of the shallow rock mass is obtained;
thirdly, when the deep rock mass is deformed, the outer sleeve 2-1 correspondingly and cooperatively deforms along with surrounding rock, meanwhile, the distance measuring baffle plate 2-6 correspondingly and cooperatively deforms along with surrounding rock, at the moment, the distance between the distance measuring baffle plate 2-6 and the laser sensor 2-8 is changed in real time, the laser pulse reflection time of the laser sensor 2-8 transmitted to the distance measuring baffle plate 2-6 is also changed in real time, and the changed laser pulse reflection time is converted into the distance between the distance measuring baffle plate 2-6 and the laser sensor 2-8, so that the deformation value of the deep rock mass is obtained.
In addition, the single wide-range laser displacement meter 2 can set the initial state of the inner sleeve 2-7 and the whole length of the wide-range laser displacement meter according to the deformation type and the maximum deformation depth of the rock mass with the temporary surface, and if the rock mass with the temporary surface mainly deforms in a stretching way, the inner sleeve 2-7 in the initial state is suitable to be completely plugged into the outer sleeve 2-1; on the contrary, if the rock mass is mainly deformed by compression, the inner sleeve 2-7 in the initial state is suitably partially extended out of the outer sleeve 2-1.
The laser sensor emits laser from the emitting end, and the laser is reflected to the laser reflection receiving module after encountering the ranging baffle. The distance between two points is calculated by a laser echo method, if the light propagates in air at the speed c, and the time required for one round trip between the laser sensor and the ranging baffle is t, the distance D between the laser sensor and the ranging baffle can be expressed as follows:
D＝(c*t)/2
in the method, in the process of the invention,
d is the distance between the ranging baffle and the laser sensor,
c-the speed at which light propagates in the atmosphere,
t-the time required for the laser sensor to travel back and forth with the ranging plate once.
Preferably, a clamping groove 4-6 is cut on the wall of the guide rod barrel 4-5; the positioning pushing mechanism 5 comprises a pushing main body 5-1 embedded in a guide rod barrel 4-5, limiting protrusions 5-2 capable of being clamped into clamping grooves 4-6 are arranged on the periphery of the pushing main body 5-1, hollow connecting rods 5-3 used for inserting a pushing extension rod 6 are arranged at two ends of the pushing main body 5-1, and insertion holes 5-4 which are symmetrically arranged in the radial direction are formed in each hollow connecting rod 5-3; two ends of the pushing extension rod 6 are provided with bolt holes 6-1 matched with the jacks 5-4.
The clamping grooves 4-6 in the embodiment are two radially symmetrically arranged.
Preferably, the clamps 4-2 are symmetrically arranged C-shaped clamps, connecting pieces 4-3 are radially extended from the ends of each C-shaped clamp, connecting holes 4-4 are drilled in each connecting piece 4-3, and the symmetrically arranged C-shaped clamps are connected through bolts in the connecting holes 4-4.
The installation process in the wide-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation is as follows:
firstly, adjusting the divergence diameter of an elastic sheet 4-1 of a non-return claw 4, installing the non-return claw 4 on the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 close to the inner end of a drilling hole, taking an outer sleeve 2-1 in a first large-range laser displacement meter 2 as a fixed end and an inner sleeve 2-7 as a movable end, and installing the non-return claw 4 on the fixed end;
step two, installing the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 at the fixed end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2, inserting the inner end of the first push extension rod 6 into the hollow connecting rod 5-3 of the fixed end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2, and inserting a bolt into the bolt hole 6-1 to realize the connection between the inner end of the first push extension rod 6 and the positioning push mechanism 5 of the fixed end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2;
step three, installing a non-return claw 4 at the movable end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2, inserting the outer end of a first push extension rod 6 into a hollow connecting rod 5-3 at the movable end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2, and inserting a bolt into a bolt hole 6-1 to realize the connection between the outer end of the first push extension rod 6 and a positioning push mechanism 5 at the movable end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2;
step four, pushing the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 and the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2 into a drill hole, wherein the non-return claw 4 is constrained by the inner wall of the drill hole, and the circumferentially arranged elastic sheet 4-1 is compressed and tightly attached to the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 and the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2 can only be pushed in along the inner direction of the drill hole and cannot be pulled out of the drill hole;
step five, continuously inserting the inner end of the second pushing extension rod 6 into the hollow connecting rod 5-3 at the movable end of the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2, and inserting a bolt into the bolt hole 6-1; taking an outer sleeve 2-1 in the second wide-range laser displacement meter 2 as a fixed end and an inner sleeve 2-7 as a movable end, and installing a non-return claw 4 at the fixed end;
step six, inserting the outer end of the second push extension rod 6 into the hollow connecting rod 5-3 at the fixed end of the second wide-range laser displacement meter 2, and inserting a bolt into the bolt hole 6-1 to realize the connection between the outer end of the second push extension rod 6 and the positioning push mechanism 5 at the fixed end of the second wide-range laser displacement meter 2, thereby realizing the serial connection of the first wide-range laser displacement meter 2 and the second wide-range laser displacement meter 2;
step seven, repeating the previous steps to fully push a plurality of large-range laser displacement meters 2 into the drilled holes according to the drilling depth and the surrounding rock depth to be measured;
and step eight, after the plurality of serially connected wide-range laser displacement meters 2 are pushed to the target depth, the pushing extension rod 6 is pulled out of the drill hole by force, as the elastic sheet 4-1 on the non-return claw 4 is designed to diverge towards the outside of the drill hole, the elastic sheet 4-1 can be clamped into the inner wall of the drill hole more firmly under the action of pulling force, so that the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 and the plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters 2 are fixed in the drill hole, and the outer sleeve 2-1 and the inner sleeve 2-7 of each wide-range laser displacement meter 2 are respectively and synchronously deformed with surrounding rock, and in addition, the complex process of using concrete to pour a fixed rod body can be avoided.
Preferably, the guide posts 2-5 are provided with pull rod supporting covers 2-4 at intervals towards the inner side of the drilling hole, and the pull rod supporting covers 2-4 are in threaded connection with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2-1. The guide post 2-5 and the pull rod supporting cover 2-4 are not only used for supporting the pull rod 2-3, but also can enable the pull rod 2-3 to cooperatively deform along with the outer sleeve 2-1 so as to drive the ranging baffle plate 2-6 to deform, thereby changing the distance from the laser sensor 2-8 to the ranging baffle plate 2-6 and achieving the purpose of measuring large deformation. Preferably, the inner sleeve 2-7 is provided with a sleeve cover 2-71 near the outer end surface of the drill hole, the sleeve cover 2-71 is connected with the inner sleeve 2-7 through threads, and the non-return claw 4 on the inner sleeve 2-7 is arranged on the periphery of the sleeve cover 2-71. The cylinder cover 2-71 is provided with a wire guide hole 2-72 for cutting wires passing through the laser sensor 2-8.
Preferably, the periphery of the sensor wire of the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1, the periphery of the wires of the laser sensors 2-8 and the periphery of the sensor wire Zhou Jun of the inclinometer 3 are wrapped with sealing materials, and the sealing materials are made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The physical heat resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene can reach 280 ℃, the cold resistance can reach-100 ℃, the storage life can reach 20 years, and the sensor lead coated with the polytetrafluoroethylene can be used in a rock mass for a long time.
Specifically, the fixing piece 2-2 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 2-1, and the periphery of the fixing piece 2-2 is flush with the periphery of the outer sleeve 2-1, so that the installation is convenient.
Preferably, the diameter of the outer sleeve 2-1 is 50-75 mm, the length is 1.0-1.4 m, and the wall thickness is 4-7 mm. In this example, the outer sleeve 2-1 had a diameter of 65mm, a length of 1.2m and a wall thickness of 5mm.
In addition, the measuring range of the wide-range laser displacement meter 2 is 0-2 m, and the measuring error is +/-1 mm. . The measuring range of the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1 is 2.5-5 cm, and the measuring error is +/-0.1 mm.
Preferably, the outer sleeve 2-1, the pull rod 2-3, the inner sleeve 2-7 and the non-return claw 4 are all made of 304 stainless steel materials. The 304 stainless steel is a universal stainless steel material, has stronger antirust performance than 200 series stainless steel materials, and has better high temperature resistance, and the limit of the using temperature is generally less than 650 ℃. In addition, the 304 stainless steel has excellent stainless corrosion resistance and better intergranular corrosion resistance, and experiments prove that: the 304 stainless steel has strong corrosion resistance in nitric acid with the concentration less than or equal to 65 percent and the boiling temperature below. The 304 stainless steel also has good corrosion resistance to alkaline solutions and most organic and inorganic acids.
Preferably, the end face of the wide-range laser displacement meter 2 facing the outside of the drill hole is also connected with an inclinometer 3, and specifically, the inclinometer 3 is a MEMS inclinometer.
In the surrounding rock deformation process, the plurality of serially connected wide-range laser displacement meters 2 can generate axial deformation and possibly bend, generate certain lateral deformation and influence the deformation precision. In order to solve the problem, the MEMS inclinometer is arranged on the last wide-range laser displacement meter 2, so that the lateral deformation of the serial displacement meter can be accurately measured, and the axial deformation actually measured can be corrected.
Sensor data of the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1, sensor data of the laser sensors 2-8 and sensor data of the inclinometer 3 are collected in series, 485 signal transmission is adopted, real-time transmission of monitoring data can be realized, deformation conditions of surrounding rocks with different depths can be timely and accurately monitored in the construction process, and safe and efficient construction and driving protection are ensured.
According to the invention, the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1, the plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters 2 and the inclinometer 3 are connected in series to obtain detailed deformation distribution conditions in the rock bodies with different depths, and the millimeter-level deformation at the deepest part of the surrounding rock is measured by the vibrating wire type displacement meter 1; for meter-level deformation close to the rock mass of the temporary face, measuring by a wide-range laser displacement meter 2; for lateral deformation generated by a plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters 2, the inclinometer 3 corrects the actually measured axial deformation.
The invention is suitable for the large-range serial multi-point displacement measuring meter of the surrounding rock large deformation, not only the vibrating wire type displacement meter, a plurality of large-range laser displacement meters and the inclinometer are connected in series, but also the deformation distribution conditions in the rock bodies with different depths are accurately measured, and the invention is suitable for the multi-point and real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock large deformation; and all displacement meters are fixed in the drill hole through the special structure of the non-return claw, so that the trouble of grouting fixation in the drill hole is avoided, the installation process is simple, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wide range tandem type multiscale displacement meter that is suitable for country rock large deformation, is including arranging in inside vibrating wire formula displacement meter (1) of rock drilling, its characterized in that: the end face, facing the outside of the drilling hole, of the vibrating wire type displacement meter (1) is sequentially connected with a plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters (2) which are arranged in series;
the wide-range laser displacement meter (2) comprises an outer sleeve (2-1) arranged in a rock drilling hole, wherein the end face, close to the inside of the drilling hole, of the outer sleeve (2-1) is connected with a fixing piece (2-2), and the end face, close to the inside of the drilling hole, of the fixing piece (2-2) is connected with a pull rod (2-3) which is arranged in the outer sleeve (2-1) cylinder and extends towards the outside of the drilling hole; the end, close to the fixed piece (2-2), of the pull rod (2-3) is sleeved with a guide post (2-5), the guide post (2-5) is respectively abutted with the inner wall of the outer sleeve (2-1) and the periphery of the pull rod (2-3), and the end, close to the outer end of the drill hole, of the pull rod (2-3) is sleeved with a ranging baffle (2-6) which is perpendicular to the pull rod (2-3); the end face, facing the outside of the drilling hole, of the guide post (2-5) is abutted with an inner sleeve (2-7), the inner sleeve (2-7) is attached to the inner wall of the outer sleeve (2-1), the outer sleeve (2-1) extends out, and can move freely towards the outside of the drilling hole, the ranging baffle (2-6) is arranged in the inner sleeve (2-7) cylinder, laser sensors (2-8) are arranged at intervals towards the outer side of the drilling hole, and the laser sensors (2-8) are fixed in the inner sleeve (2-7) cylinder;
the inner end of a drilling hole of the vibrating wire type displacement meter (1) is sleeved with a non-return claw (4), and the outer periphery of a fixed piece (2-2) and the outer periphery of an outer sleeve (2-1) of each wide-range laser displacement meter (2) extend from an inner sleeve (2-6) to be respectively sleeved with the non-return claw (4);
the non-return claw (4) comprises a clamp (4-2) wrapped on the periphery of the cylinder body, a plurality of elastic pieces (4-1) distributed circumferentially are fixedly connected around the clamp (4-2), each elastic piece (4-1) diverges and extends towards the outside of a drilling hole, and the diverged diameter formed by the elastic pieces (4-1) distributed circumferentially is larger than the diameter of the drilling hole; the clamp (4-2) is fixedly connected with a guide rod barrel (4-5) which is arranged in parallel with the barrel, a positioning pushing mechanism (5) is arranged in the guide rod barrel (4-5), pushing extension rods (6) are inserted at two ends of the positioning pushing mechanism (5), a plurality of wide-range laser displacement meters (2) are sequentially pushed into a drill hole through the synergistic effect of the positioning pushing mechanism (5) and the pushing extension rods (6), serial guide installation of the adjacent wide-range laser displacement meters (2) is realized, and therefore multi-point displacement measurement of surrounding rock large deformation is finally realized.
2. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein: a clamping groove (4-6) is cut on the wall of the guide rod cylinder (4-5); the positioning pushing mechanism (5) comprises a pushing main body (5-1) embedded in a guide rod barrel (4-5), limiting protrusions (5-2) capable of being clamped into clamping grooves (4-6) are arranged on the periphery of the pushing main body (5-1), hollow connecting rods (5-3) used for inserting pushing extension rods (6) are arranged at two ends of the pushing main body (5-1), and insertion holes (5-4) which are symmetrically arranged in the radial direction are formed in each hollow connecting rod (5-3); two ends of the pushing extension rod (6) are provided with bolt holes (6-1) matched with the jacks (5-4).
3. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 2, wherein: the clamp (4-2) is a C-shaped clamp which is symmetrically arranged, connecting pieces (4-3) are radially extended from the end parts of each C-shaped clamp, connecting holes (4-4) are drilled in each connecting piece (4-3), and the C-shaped clamps which are symmetrically arranged are connected through bolts in the connecting holes (4-4).
4. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein: the guide post (2-5) is provided with a pull rod supporting cover (2-4) towards the inner side of the drill hole at intervals, and the pull rod supporting cover (2-4) is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the outer sleeve (2-1).
5. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 4, wherein: the inner sleeve (2-7) is provided with a cylinder cover (2-71) close to the outer end face of the drill hole, the cylinder cover (2-71) is connected with the inner sleeve (2-7) through threads, and the non-return claw (4) on the inner sleeve (2-7) is arranged on the periphery of the cylinder cover (2-71).
6. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 5, wherein: a wire guide hole (2-72) for passing through the wire of the laser sensor (2-8) is cut on the cylinder wall of the cylinder cover (2-71).
7. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein: the end face of the wide-range laser displacement meter (2) facing the outside of the drilling hole is also connected with an inclinometer (3), and the inclinometer (3) is an MEMS inclinometer.
8. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 7, wherein: the periphery of a sensor wire of the vibrating wire type displacement meter (1), the periphery of a wire of the laser sensor (2-8) and the periphery of a wire of the sensor of the inclinometer (3) are wrapped with sealing materials, and the sealing materials are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
9. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 8, wherein: sensor data of the vibrating wire type displacement meter (1), sensor data of the laser sensor (2-8) and sensor data of the inclinometer (3) are collected in series, and 485 signals are adopted for transmission.
10. The wide-range tandem multi-point displacement meter adapted for large deformation of surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring range of the vibrating wire type displacement meter (1) is 2.5-5 cm, and the measuring error is +/-0.1 mm; the measuring range of the wide-range laser displacement meter (2) is 0-2 m, and the measuring error is +/-1 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310105829.7A CN116379948B (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310105829.7A CN116379948B (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116379948A true CN116379948A (en) | 2023-07-04 |
| CN116379948B CN116379948B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
Family
ID=86960476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310105829.7A Active CN116379948B (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116379948B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0657621A1 (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-14 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology | Method and system for measuring three-dimensional displacement |
| JPH07159163A (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-23 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Multiaxis underground displacement gauge |
| KR200344598Y1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2004-03-18 | 주식회사 지티씨 엔지니어링 | A vibrating wire type extensometer |
| CN1963375A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2007-05-16 | 四川大学 | Sleeve bore multidot tensiometer |
| CN103670386A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-26 | 同济大学 | Rock stratum multi-point displacement laser measuring method and device |
| JP2020041994A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | 株式会社大林組 | Underground displacement gauge and underground displacement calculation method |
-
2023
- 2023-02-13 CN CN202310105829.7A patent/CN116379948B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0657621A1 (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-14 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology | Method and system for measuring three-dimensional displacement |
| JPH07159163A (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-23 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Multiaxis underground displacement gauge |
| KR200344598Y1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2004-03-18 | 주식회사 지티씨 엔지니어링 | A vibrating wire type extensometer |
| CN1963375A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2007-05-16 | 四川大学 | Sleeve bore multidot tensiometer |
| CN103670386A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-26 | 同济大学 | Rock stratum multi-point displacement laser measuring method and device |
| JP2020041994A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | 株式会社大林組 | Underground displacement gauge and underground displacement calculation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈义军;刘长武;徐进;方延强;: "新型套管式同轴多点位移计及其在隧道围岩变形监测中的应用", 岩土工程学报, no. 07 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116379948B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107630711B (en) | A kind of monitoring device and method of roadway surrounding rock stress and displacement | |
| CN106546366B (en) | A kind of umbellate form deep hole three-dimensional stress and displacement comprehensive test device | |
| CN101344382B (en) | Flexible transmission type built-in miniature multi-point displacement test system used for model experiment | |
| CN116379948B (en) | Large-range serial multi-point displacement meter suitable for surrounding rock large deformation | |
| CN108729904A (en) | A kind of novel fixation type inclinometer monitoring unit and implementation method | |
| CN113701705B (en) | Automatic monitoring method for absolute deformation of tunnel section | |
| CN215810790U (en) | Automatic monitoring system for absolute deformation of tunnel section | |
| CN212658241U (en) | Slope deformation early warning device | |
| CN105937402B (en) | A kind of Bolt System with the recognizable loosening country rock drill bit of self-drilling type | |
| CN108981814A (en) | It is a kind of for monitoring the device and method of roadway surrounding rock real-time parameter | |
| CN103808807B (en) | The measuring method in on-the-spot country rock micro rupture region | |
| CN113737766B (en) | Multidimensional transient trigger type intelligent method for detecting MJS reinforcement quality | |
| CN214467677U (en) | Portable soil pressure cell installation fixing device | |
| CN116399247A (en) | Large-range laser displacement measuring instrument suitable for surrounding rock large deformation | |
| GB2199952A (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring load on a rock bolt | |
| CN210426393U (en) | Compound anchor rope dynamometer centering device | |
| CN213874447U (en) | Tunnel lining crack fixed point type monitoring devices | |
| CN211477049U (en) | Effective grouting length test structure and system for anchor rod installation | |
| CN116295076B (en) | Installation guide and locking device for tandem type multi-position displacement measuring meter | |
| CN208686372U (en) | A kind of novel fixation type inclinometer monitoring unit | |
| CN114354406B (en) | Standard penetration test device and method based on energy correction | |
| CN201221943Y (en) | Matching hook of tunnel converge instrument for soft rock type wall rock | |
| CN220599871U (en) | Displacement monitoring and early warning device for soft rock with different depths | |
| CN215116832U (en) | Mining micro-seismic monitoring system | |
| CN220853526U (en) | Wall-attached strip type multi-point intelligent displacement meter for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock of roadway |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |