CN116378009A - Method for reducing coal pressing range of building under condition of thick loose layer - Google Patents
Method for reducing coal pressing range of building under condition of thick loose layer Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of a method for treating coal under construction, in particular to a method for reducing the range of coal under construction under the condition of a thick loose layer. According to the invention, the isolation belt is formed by grouting after the isolation grouting drilling, the loose layer in the protected area is isolated from the external loose layer, when the coal seam at the periphery of the coal pillar is protected from being mined, the external loose layer is stretched and separated from the isolation belt, the loose layer in the protected area is not influenced due to the isolation effect of the isolation belt, and the stretching cracks are filled through the construction grouting drilling. According to the method for reducing the coal pressing range of the building under the condition of the thick loose layer, disclosed by the invention, the influence of the loose layer on the setting of the protection coal pillars is eliminated through the construction of the isolation grouting drilling holes, so that the thickness of the loose layer is not required to be considered when the protection coal pillars are set, the setting quantity of the protection coal pillars is greatly reduced, the coal recovery rate and the resource utilization rate are improved, and the isolation grouting drilling holes are mainly constructed in the loose layer, so that the construction speed is high, the period is short, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of a method for treating coal under construction, in particular to a method for reducing the range of coal under construction under the condition of a thick loose layer.
Background
The coal mining can cause subsidence of the earth's surface, and when the earth's surface is provided with a building structure, the coordination between the coal mining and the maintenance of the ground building structure is needed. One approach is to adopt filling mining, which can realize coal mining and ground construction protection, but underground filling mining needs to replace the whole set of comprehensive mining equipment, in particular to replace a special hydraulic support, and the special filling hydraulic support has huge cost, slow filling mining speed and low applicability, can not meet the requirement of mine productivity, can only be used as a mining face, and the ground surface still has certain sinking and deformation during filling mining, thus the underground filling mining has low applicability to construction with high ground protection level.
Another approach is to leave the coal under the building as a protective coal pillar, i.e., not mine the overburden coal under the building. However, the range of coal covered by the building structure is far larger than the range of the building structure due to the characteristic influence of rock stratum movement and loose layer movement, namely, subsidence and deformation can be generated in the building structure area when coal exploitation is not performed under the building structure. The moving angle of the bedrock is about 70 degrees, the moving angle of the loose layer is about 45 degrees, and according to the angle, the moving influence range of the loose layer is larger than that of the bedrock, and the amount of the pressed coal is increased continuously along with the influence of the burial depth of the coal layer, so that under the condition of encountering a thick loose layer, the range of a protective coal pillar which needs to be reserved is very large, and huge coal resource loss is caused. The ground building is not lost as a solution, but sometimes the ground building does not meet the requirements of the policy of the moving, and the moving needs the coordinated humane workload is large, the period is long and the cost is high. It is therefore desirable for industry personnel how to reduce the range of protective coal pillar stays in thick loose bed conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of large reserved range of a protective coal pillar under a construction under the condition of a traditional thick loose layer, the invention isolates the movement transmitted by the loose layer by constructing isolation grouting drilling holes, thereby greatly reducing the reserved range of the protective coal pillar, and particularly the method for reducing the reserved range of the protective coal pillar under the construction under the condition of the thick loose layer, which is provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
the first step: making two straight lines parallel to the trend and the trend of the coal bed respectively by crossing the outermost boundary corner points of the building or building group, and enclosing the intersection points of the four straight lines to form a rectangular protected area of the building or building group; the building or group of building is located entirely within the rectangular protected area;
and a second step of: arranging a protection belt with a certain width on the periphery of the rectangular protected area to form a rectangular annular protection belt abcd; the enclosure belt can be used as an isolation grouting drilling construction area to form a loose layer grouting isolation belt, and on the other hand, errors in calculation of the size and position of the protection coal pillar caused by the selection of a bedrock moving angle and a loose layer moving angle, the occurrence of a coal stratum angle and a depth exploration error when the protection coal pillar is reserved can be offset.
Preferably, the whole enclosure is uniform in bandwidth.
Thirdly, constructing a first isolation grouting drilling hole in the middle of the enclosure belt from the ground to a certain depth in the bedrock, wherein the first isolation grouting drilling hole is vertical; constructing a second isolation grouting drill hole from the ground to the top surface of the bedrock (namely the interface between the loose layer and the bedrock) in a rectangular protected area, wherein the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drill hole and the top surface of the bedrock is positioned right below the outer periphery of the enclosure; injecting slurry with cementing property into the stratum from the isolation grouting drill hole to form a grouting isolation belt circumferentially surrounding the rectangular protected area, wherein the grouting isolation belt isolates a loose layer of the rectangular protected area from a loose layer outside the grouting isolation belt;
preferably, the first isolation grouting drilling holes and the second isolation grouting drilling holes are arranged at intervals.
Preferably, the slurry with cementing properties is a cement slurry.
Fourth step: the four end points a, b, c, d of the rectangular enclosure belt or the rectangular enclosure belt is vertically projected to the top surface of the bedrock to form four end points a projected to the top surface of the bedrock 1 、b 1 、c 1 、d 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points b near the upper part of the inclination 1 、c 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the upward mountain direction based on the upward mountain movement angle beta of the bedrock respectively, and forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a first straight line; for two end points a near the inclined lower part 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the downward mountain direction based on a bedrock downward mountain movement angle gamma respectively, and forming two intersection points with a coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a second straight line; for two end points a near one side of the trend 1 、b 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines towards the side direction based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend respectively, and forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a third straight line; for two end points c close to the other side of the trend 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines towards the other side direction based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend respectively, and forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a fourth straight line; the area surrounded by the first straight line, the second straight line, the third straight line and the fourth straight line is a building or a coal pressing range A of a building group 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 I.e. the coal pillar is protected, wherein the first straight line intersects with the third straight line and the fourth straight line respectively at B 1 、C 1 The second straight line and the third straight line and the fourth straight line respectively intersect at A 1 、D 1 ；
Preferably, the fourth step can alsoThe coal pressing range of the building structure is determined by adopting the following mode, four endpoints a, b, c, d of the rectangular enclosure belt or the rectangular enclosure belt are perpendicularly projected to the top surface of the bedrock to form four endpoints a projected to the top surface of the bedrock 1 、b 1 、c 1 、d 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points b near the upper part of the inclination 1 、c 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the upward mountain direction based on the upward mountain movement angle beta of the bedrock respectively, forming two intersection points with the coal bed, and then projecting the two intersection points vertically to the top surface of the bedrock to form b 2 、c 2 Then respectively drawing straight lines based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend in opposite trend directions, and forming two intersection points B with the coal bed 1 、C 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points a near the inclined lower part 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the downward mountain direction based on the downward mountain movement angle gamma of the bedrock respectively, forming two intersection points with the coal bed, and then projecting the two intersection points vertically to the top surface of the bedrock to form a 2 、d 2 Then respectively drawing straight lines based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend in opposite trend directions, and forming two intersection points A with the coal bed 1 、D 1 The coal pressing range of the building is A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 Surrounding the synthesized area, namely protecting the coal pillar area.
Fifth step, in the range A of compacting coal for building or building group 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 Outside and near the building or the coal compacting range A of the building group 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 When the coal seam is mined, filling drilling holes are constructed downwards from the ground at the outer periphery of the enclosure, and filling materials are flushed into the loose layer stretching cracks through the filling drilling holes.
Preferably, the grouting filling material is filled with loose materials such as sand in the initial stage and cement materials such as cement paste in the later stage.
The invention has the following advantages: 1. according to the invention, the isolation belt is formed by grouting after the isolation grouting drilling, the loose layer in the protected area is isolated from the external loose layer, when the coal seam at the periphery of the coal pillar is protected from being mined, the external loose layer is stretched and separated from the isolation belt, the loose layer in the protected area is not influenced due to the isolation effect of the isolation belt, and the stretching cracks are filled through the construction grouting drilling.
2. The isolation grouting drilling hole comprises the steps of vertically constructing a first isolation grouting drilling hole from the ground to a certain depth in bedrock in the middle of a containment belt, constructing a second isolation grouting drilling hole from the ground to the top surface of the bedrock in a rectangular protected area of the containment belt, and locating the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole and the top surface of the bedrock under the outer periphery of the containment belt; in the first isolation grouting drilling hole, an isolation section is formed at the upper part of the intersection point of the first isolation grouting drilling hole and the second isolation grouting drilling hole, and a support section is formed at the lower part of the intersection point of the first isolation grouting drilling hole and the second isolation grouting drilling hole; in the second isolation grouting drilling hole, a guarantee section is formed at the upper part of the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole and the first isolation grouting drilling hole, and a transition section is formed at the lower part of the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole and the first isolation grouting drilling hole; when the peripheral coal seam exploitation of protection coal column, the changeover portion of slope plays the transitional effect, is connected with the bedrock movable angle of trend, and the supporting section plays the supporting role to the changeover portion, improves the stability of changeover portion, and the loose layer is kept apart with outside loose layer in the regional play of protection to the isolation section, and the guarantee section plays the secondary isolation effect.
3. According to the method for reducing the coal pressing range of the building under the condition of the thick loose layer, disclosed by the invention, the influence of the loose layer on the setting of the protection coal pillars is eliminated through the construction of the isolation grouting drilling holes, so that the thickness of the loose layer is not required to be considered when the protection coal pillars are set, the setting quantity of the protection coal pillars is greatly reduced, the coal recovery rate and the resource utilization rate are improved, and the isolation grouting drilling holes are mainly constructed in the loose layer, so that the construction speed is high, the period is short, and the cost is low.
Drawings
The invention, together with a further understanding of the many of its attendant advantages, will be more fully appreciated by reference to the following detailed description, when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and the accompanying illustrative embodiments of the invention and description thereof serve to explain and do not constitute a limitation of the invention, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical section method for determining the trend range of coal pressed in a building in the prior art;
FIG. 2-a schematic diagram of a prior art method for determining the range of coal dip in a building using a vertical profile method;
FIG. 3-schematic view of the invention for determining the strike range of coal under building;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the invention for determining the range of coal dip in a building;
5-3, an enlarged view of a portion of the isolated borehole arrangement;
FIG. 6-prior art and plan view of the present invention for determining the range of coal to be pressed in a building;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prior art method for determining the range of coal compacting tendency of an example II by using a vertical section method;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a coal compacting tendency range according to the present invention;
FIG. 9-an enlarged view of a portion of the isolated borehole arrangement of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the range of coal to be pressed in the second embodiment of the present invention;
description of the drawings: a first isolation grouting borehole 1; isolation section 1-1; support section 1-2; a second isolation grouting borehole 2; ensuring section 2-1; transition section 2-2; filling the borehole 3; a protected area 4-1 of a building group; 4-2 of building group guard bands; a protected area 5-1 of railway track; 5-2 of a railway track guard band; loose layer 6, bedrock 7, coal seam 8.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical content of the present invention, specific examples are set forth below, along with the accompanying drawings. Aspects of the invention are described herein with reference to the drawings, in which there are shown many illustrative embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described in the drawings. It is to be understood that this invention is capable of being carried out by any of the various concepts and embodiments described above and as such described in detail below, since the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any implementation. Additionally, some aspects of the disclosure may be used alone or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the disclosure.
First embodiment
Because a certain building group has relatively dense buildings, higher floors and important buildings, the moving difficulty is high, the moving cost is high and the period is long, the ground building group is protected by adopting a mode of reserving a protection coal pillar at the lower part of the building group. The thickness of the loose layer in the area where the building group is located is 250m, the inclination angle of the coal seam is 10 degrees, the mountain-up moving angle beta=70 degrees of bedrock, the mountain-down moving angle gamma=70 degrees of bedrock, the trend moving angle delta=70 degrees of bedrock, and the moving angle of the loose layer
Referring to fig. 1-2 and 6, the general procedure for determining the range of coal compaction for the building according to the prior vertical profile method is as follows: the outermost boundary corner of the building complex determines the rectangular protected area a 'b' c'd', 400m long and 200m wide. The 20m wide enclosure belt 4-2 is arranged, the lengths ad and bc of the enclosure belt along the trend are determined to be 440m, and the lengths ab and cd of the enclosure belt along the trend are determined to be 240m. As shown in fig. 2, the lowest depth of the coal compacting range is 376m based on the loose bed movement angle and the upward movement angle, the deepest depth of the coal compacting range is 533m based on the loose bed movement angle and the downward movement angle, and the coal compacting range tends to be 903m long. As shown in fig. 1, the upper coal seam 8 corresponds to the lowest depth 376m of the coal compacting range, the lower coal seam 8 corresponds to the deepest depth 533m of the coal compacting range, and the length BC at the lowest depth 1032m and the length AD at the deepest depth 1146m of the coal compacting range are determined based on the loose layer movement angle and the strike movement angle. I.e. the area of the pressed coal reaches 983367m 2 At a coal seam thickness of 5m and a density of 1.3 tons/m 3 The coal pressing amount reaches 639.2 ten thousand tons, and the economic loss reaches about 32 hundred million yuan according to 500 yuan/ton of coal.
In contrast, the method for reducing the coal pressing range of the building according to the present invention comprises the following specific steps, as shown in fig. 6, in which: two lines parallel to the trend and the trend of the coal bed are made at the outermost boundary corner points of the over-built building group, and the intersection points of the four lines enclose a rectangular protected area a 'b' c'd' of the building group, which is 400m long and 200m wide;
and a second step of: a 20m wide enclosure belt 4-2 is arranged at the periphery of a rectangular protected area a 'b' c'd' to form a rectangular annular enclosure belt abcd, the enclosure belt is 440m long along the running lengths ad and bc, and 240m wide along the inclined lengths ab and cd;
thirdly, as shown in fig. 3-5, constructing a first isolation grouting drilling hole 1 from the ground to 20m in the bedrock in the middle of the enclosure belt 4-2, wherein the first isolation grouting drilling hole 1 is vertical and has the length of 270m; constructing a second isolation grouting drilling hole 2 from the ground to the top surface of the bedrock in a manner that the enclosing belt 4-2 is close to the rectangular protected area 4-1, wherein the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole 2 and the top surface of the bedrock is positioned right below the outer boundary of the enclosing belt 4-2, and the length is 251m; grouting cement slurry is injected into the stratum from the isolation grouting drill hole, so that a grouting isolation belt surrounding the rectangular protected area 4-1 circumferentially is formed, and the grouting isolation belt isolates a loose layer in the rectangular protected area 4-1 from a loose layer outside the grouting isolation belt; wherein the first isolation grouting drilling holes 1 and the second isolation grouting drilling holes 2 are arranged at intervals.
In this way, in the first isolation grouting drilling hole, an isolation section 1-1 is formed at the upper part of the intersection point of the first isolation grouting drilling hole and the second isolation grouting drilling hole, and a support section 1-2 is formed at the lower part of the intersection point of the first isolation grouting drilling hole and the second isolation grouting drilling hole; in the second isolation grouting drilling hole, a guarantee section 2-1 is formed at the upper part of the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole and the first isolation grouting drilling hole, and a transition section 2-2 is formed at the lower part of the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole and the first isolation grouting drilling hole; when the coal seam around the coal pillar is protected, the inclined transition section 2-2 plays a role in transition, and is in transition connection with the inclined bedrock movement angle, the support section 1-2 plays a role in supporting the transition section, the stability of the transition section 2-2 is improved, the isolation section 1-1 plays a role in isolating a loose layer in a protected area from an external loose layer, and the protection section 2-1 plays a secondary isolation role.
Fourth step: the four end points a, b, c, d of the rectangular surrounding bands 4-2 or the rectangular surrounding bands 4-2 are perpendicularly projected to the bedrock top surface to form four end points a projected to the bedrock top surface 1 、b 1 、c 1 、d 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the As shown in FIG. 4, for two end points b near the upper part of the tilt direction 1 、c 1 Firstly, respectively drawing straight lines in the upward mountain direction based on the mountain-climbing movement angle beta of the bedrock, forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a first straight lineThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points a near the inclined lower part 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the downward mountain direction based on a bedrock downward mountain movement angle gamma respectively, and forming two intersection points with a coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a second straight line; as shown in FIG. 3, for two end points a near one side of the trend 1 、b 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines towards the side direction based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend respectively, and forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a third straight line; for two end points c close to the other side of the trend 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the other side direction of the trend based on the moving angle delta of the trend of the bedrock respectively, and forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a fourth straight line; as shown in fig. 6, the area surrounded by the first, second, third and fourth straight lines is the area a of the coal compaction of the building group 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 I.e. the coal pillar is protected, wherein the first straight line intersects with the third straight line and the fourth straight line respectively at B 1 、C 1 The second straight line and the third straight line and the fourth straight line respectively intersect at A 1 、D 1 。
In the fourth step, the coal pressing range of the building structure can be determined by vertically projecting four end points a, b, c, d of the rectangular surrounding belt 4-2 or the rectangular surrounding belt 4-2 to the top surface of the bedrock to form four end points a projected to the top surface of the bedrock as shown in fig. 3-4 and 6 1 、b 1 、c 1 、d 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points b near the upper part of the inclination 1 、c 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the upward mountain direction based on the upward mountain movement angle beta of the bedrock respectively, forming two intersection points with the coal bed, and then projecting the two intersection points vertically to the top surface of the bedrock to form b 2 、c 2 Then respectively drawing straight lines based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend in opposite trend directions, and forming two intersection points B with the coal bed 1 、C 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points a near the inclined lower part 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the downward mountain direction based on the downward mountain movement angle gamma of the bedrock respectively, forming two intersection points with the coal bed, and then projecting the two intersection points vertically to the top surface of the bedrock to form a 2 、d 2 Then respectively based on bedrock trendThe angle delta draws a straight line in the direction opposite to the trend direction and forms two intersection points A with the coal bed 1 、D 1 The range of the coal pressed by the building group is A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 Surrounding the synthesized area, namely protecting the coal pillar area.
Fifth step, in the range A of compacting coal for building group 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 Outside and near the coal pressing range A of the building group 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 When the coal seam is mined, filling drilling holes 3 are constructed downwards from the ground at the outer boundary of the enclosing belt 4-2, the length of each filling drilling hole is about 20-200m, multiple rows of filling drilling holes can be constructed parallel to the boundary of the rectangular protected area 4-1, and filling materials are filled into the loose layer stretching cracks through the filling drilling holes 3 to fill the stretching cracks. Wherein, the filling material is filled with loose materials such as sand at the initial stage and cement materials such as cement paste at the later stage.
As shown in fig. 4, the lowest depth of the coal compacting range determined according to the present invention is 418m, the deepest depth of the coal compacting range is 486m, and the coal compacting range is 395m in inclination length, based on the loose bed movement angle and the downhill movement angle. As shown in FIG. 3, the length B at the lowest depth 418m (upper coal seam) of the coal compacting range is determined based on the loose bed movement angle, the strike movement angle 1 C 1 Length A at 534m and the deepest depth 486m (lower coal seam) 1 D 1 648m. I.e. the area of the pressed coal reaches 233445m 2 At a coal seam thickness of 5m and a density of 1.3 tons/m 3 The coal pressing amount is only 151.7 ten thousand tons, which saves 487.5 ten thousand tons compared with the prior vertical section method, and only accounts for 24 percent of the coal pressing amount determined by the prior vertical section method; the economic loss is reduced by about 24.4 hundred million yuan per ton of coal. Because the first isolation grouting drilling hole 1, the second isolation grouting drilling hole 2 and the filling drilling hole 3 are basically all constructed on the loose layer section, the total cost of drilling construction, grouting filling and the like is only about 2000 ten thousand yuan, and finally, the economic loss is reduced by 24.2 hundred million yuan.
Second embodiment
A mine is traversed by a ground railway track (structure) along the trend, and the railway track cannot be moved, so that a ground iron is protected by leaving a protective coal pillar under the railway trackA road track. The railway track occupies 60m of land width, the thickness of a loose layer in a region is 200m, the inclination angle of a coal seam is 10 degrees, the mountain-climbing movement angle beta=70 degrees of bedrock, the mountain-descending movement angle gamma=70 degrees of bedrock and the trend movement angle delta=70 degrees of bedrock, and the loose layer movement angle is as follows
Referring to fig. 7 and 10, the general procedure for determining the coal compaction range of the railway track according to the conventional vertical section method is as follows: since the railway track traverses the whole mine along the trend, the trend coal pressing range is the trend length of the whole mine, which is 5000m, and the trend coal pressing range needs to be determined. The rectangular protected area a 'b' c'd' is 5000m long and 60m wide, being defined across the outermost boundary of the railway track. Since the railway track has higher resistance to sinking and deformation than a building, a 10m wide enclosure 5-2 is provided, and the lengths ad and bc of the enclosure along the trend are determined to be 5000m long, and the lengths ab and cd along the trend are determined to be 80m wide. As shown in fig. 7, the lowest depth of the coal compacting range is determined to be 335m based on the loose bed moving angle and the ascending moving angle, the deepest depth of the coal compacting range is determined to be 444m based on the loose bed moving angle and the descending moving angle, and the coal compacting range is inclined to be 627m long. I.e. the area of the pressed coal reaches 3135000m 2 At a coal seam thickness of 5m and a density of 1.3 tons/m 3 The coal pressing amount reaches 2037.8 ten thousand tons, and the economic loss reaches about 101.9 hundred million yuan according to 500 yuan/ton of coal.
In contrast, the method for reducing the coal pressing range of the building according to the present invention comprises the following specific steps, as shown in fig. 10, in which: crossing the outermost boundary corner points of the railway track, making two straight lines parallel to the trend of the coal bed, and enclosing the boundary intersection points of the two straight lines and the mine to form a rectangular railway track protected area a 'b' c'd', wherein the length is 5000m, and the width is 60m;
and a second step of: a 10m wide guard band is arranged at the front periphery and the rear periphery of a protected area a 'b' c'd' of the rectangular railway track in a tilting way to form a guard band abcd, the length of the guard band along the trend direction ad and bc is 5000m, and the width of the guard band along the trend direction ab and cd is 80m;
8-9, constructing a first isolation grouting drilling hole 1 from the ground to 20m in the bedrock in the middle of the enclosure belt 5-2, wherein the first isolation grouting drilling hole 1 is vertical and has the length of 220m; constructing a second isolation grouting drilling hole 2 from the ground to the top surface of the bedrock in a manner that the enclosure belt 5-2 is close to the rectangular protected area 5-1, wherein the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole 2 and the top surface of the bedrock is positioned under the outer boundary of the enclosure belt 5-2, and the length is 200.3m; grouting slurry is injected into the stratum from the isolation grouting drill hole, so that a grouting isolation belt of a protected area along the length direction of the railway track is formed, and the grouting isolation belt isolates a loose layer of the protected area of the railway track from a loose layer outside the grouting isolation belt; wherein the first isolation grouting drilling holes 1 and the second isolation grouting drilling holes 2 are arranged at intervals.
In the first isolation grouting drilling hole, an isolation section 1-1 is formed at the upper part of the intersection point of the first isolation grouting drilling hole and the second isolation grouting drilling hole, and a support section 1-2 is formed at the lower part of the intersection point of the first isolation grouting drilling hole and the second isolation grouting drilling hole; in the second isolation grouting drilling hole, a guarantee section 2-1 is formed at the upper part of the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole and the first isolation grouting drilling hole, and a transition section 2-2 is formed at the lower part of the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole and the first isolation grouting drilling hole; when the coal seam around the coal pillar is protected, the inclined transition section 2-2 plays a role in transition and is connected with the inclined bedrock moving angle, the support section 1-2 plays a role in supporting the transition section, the stability of the transition section 2-2 is improved, the isolation section 1-1 plays a role in isolating a loose layer in a protected area from an external loose layer, and the protection section 2-1 plays a secondary isolation role.
Fourth step: the four end points a, b, c, d of the guard bands 5-2 or the guard bands 5-2 are perpendicularly projected onto the bedrock top surface to form four end points a projected onto the bedrock top surface 1 、b 1 、c 1 、d 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the As shown in fig. 8 and 10, for two end points b near the upper part of the tilt direction 1 、c 1 Drawing straight lines in the upward mountain direction based on the upward mountain movement angle beta of the bedrock respectively, and forming two intersection points B with the coal bed 1 、C 1 For two end points a near the inclined lower part 1 、d 1 Drawing straight lines in the downward mountain direction based on the downward mountain movement angle gamma of the bedrock respectively to form two intersection points A with the coal bed 1 、D 1 Forming a coal compacting range A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 I.e. to protect the coal pillar.
Fifth step, in the range A of the opposite coal pressure 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 Outside and near coal compacting range A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 When the coal seam is mined, filling drilling holes 3 are constructed downwards from the ground at the outer boundary of the enclosure belt 5-2, the length of the filling drilling holes is about 20-180m, the filling drilling holes are parallel to the length direction of the railway, a plurality of rows of filling holes are constructed, and filling materials are filled into the loose layer tensile cracks through the filling drilling holes 3 to fill the tensile cracks. Wherein, the filling material is filled with loose materials such as sand at the initial stage and cement materials such as cement paste at the later stage.
As shown in fig. 8, the lowest depth of the coal compacting range determined according to the present invention is 368m, the deepest depth of the coal compacting range determined based on the loose bed movement angle and the downhill movement angle is 406m, and the coal compacting range is 221m in the direction of inclination. Because the railway track traverses the whole mine along the trend, the trend coal pressing range is the trend length of the whole mine, which is 5000m. I.e. the area of the pressed coal reaches 1105000m 2 At a coal seam thickness of 5m and a density of 1.3 tons/m 3 Compared with the existing vertical section method, the method saves 1319.8 ten thousand tons, and only accounts for 35.2% of the coal pressing amount determined by the existing vertical section method; the economic loss is reduced by about 66 hundred million yuan per ton of coal. Because the first isolation grouting drilling hole 1, the second isolation grouting drilling hole 2 and the filling drilling hole 3 are basically all constructed on the loose layer section, the total cost of drilling construction, grouting filling and the like is only about 4000 ten thousand yuan, and finally the economic loss is reduced by 65.8 hundred million yuan.
The foregoing description is, of course, merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and obvious modifications falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method for reducing the coal pressing range of the building under the condition of thick loose layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step: making two straight lines parallel to the trend and the trend of the coal bed respectively by crossing the outermost boundary corner points of the building or building group, and enclosing the intersection points of the four straight lines to form a rectangular protected area of the building or building group;
and a second step of: arranging a protection belt with a certain width on the periphery of the rectangular protected area to form a rectangular annular protection belt abcd;
thirdly, constructing a vertical first isolation grouting drilling hole from the ground to a certain depth in the bedrock in the middle of the enclosing belt, constructing a second isolation grouting drilling hole from the ground to the top surface of the bedrock in a rectangular protected area of the enclosing belt, and positioning the intersection point of the second isolation grouting drilling hole and the top surface of the bedrock under the outer periphery of the enclosing belt; injecting slurry with cementing property into the stratum from the isolation grouting borehole to form a grouting isolation belt circumferentially surrounding the rectangular protected area;
fourth step: the four end points a, b, c, d of the surrounding belt are vertically projected to the top surface of the bedrock, and four end points a are correspondingly formed 1 、b 1 、c 1 、d 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points b near the upper part of the inclination 1 、c 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the upward mountain direction based on the upward mountain movement angle beta of the bedrock respectively, and forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a first straight line; for two end points a near the inclined lower part 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the downward mountain direction based on a bedrock downward mountain movement angle gamma respectively, and forming two intersection points with a coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a second straight line; for two end points a near one side of the trend 1 、b 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines towards the side direction based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend respectively, and forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a third straight line; for two end points c close to the other side of the trend 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines towards the other side direction based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend respectively, and forming two intersection points with the coal bed, wherein the straight line passing through the two intersection points is a fourth straight line; the area surrounded by the first straight line, the second straight line, the third straight line and the fourth straight line is a coal pressing range A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 ；
Fifth step, in the range A of the opposite coal pressure 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 Outside and near coal compacting range A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 When the coal seam is mined, filling drilling holes are constructed downwards from the ground at the outer periphery of the enclosure, and filling materials are flushed into the loose layer stretching cracks through the filling drilling holes.
2. The method for reducing the range of coal pressing under a building according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the whole enclosure bandwidth is consistent.
3. The method for reducing the range of coal pressing under a building according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the first isolation grouting drilling holes and the second isolation grouting drilling holes are arranged at intervals.
4. A method of reducing the extent of coal compaction under a building according to claim 3 wherein: and fourthly, determining the coal pressing range by adopting the following mode: the four end points a, b, c, d of the surrounding belt are vertically projected to the top surface of the bedrock, and four end points a are correspondingly formed 1 、b 1 、c 1 、d 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points b near the upper part of the inclination 1 、c 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the upward mountain direction based on the upward mountain movement angle beta of the bedrock respectively, forming two intersection points with the coal bed, and then projecting the two intersection points vertically to the top surface of the bedrock to form b 2 、c 2 Then respectively drawing straight lines based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend in opposite trend directions, and forming two intersection points B with the coal bed 1 、C 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For two end points a near the inclined lower part 1 、d 1 Firstly, drawing straight lines in the downward mountain direction based on the downward mountain movement angle gamma of the bedrock respectively, forming two intersection points with the coal bed, and then projecting the two intersection points vertically to the top surface of the bedrock to form a 2 、d 2 Then respectively drawing straight lines based on the moving angle delta of the bedrock trend in opposite trend directions, and forming two intersection points A with the coal bed 1 、D 1 Forming a coal compacting range A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 。
5. The method for reducing the range of coal pressing under a building according to claim 1, wherein: and fifthly, injecting loose materials such as sand and the like in the initial stage and injecting cementing materials in the later stage.
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| CN117291044A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-26 | 西南交通大学 | Mountain railway goaf tunnel drilling arrangement method |
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| CN117291044A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-26 | 西南交通大学 | Mountain railway goaf tunnel drilling arrangement method |
| CN117291044B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-03-26 | 西南交通大学 | Mountain railway goaf tunnel drilling arrangement method |
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