CN116377459A - Low-bubble energy consumption electrolysis device and method adopting circulating flowing electrolyte - Google Patents
Low-bubble energy consumption electrolysis device and method adopting circulating flowing electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/13—Single electrolytic cells with circulation of an electrolyte
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
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Abstract
The utility model provides an electrolysis device and method with low bubble energy consumption by adopting circulating flowing electrolyte, wherein the electrolysis device comprises an electrolysis system, a switch valve system, a circulating pump, a flowmeter and a gas separation and purification system, wherein: the electrolysis system is sequentially connected with the circulating pump and the flowmeter in a closed loop manner, and the gas separation and purification system is connected with the electrolysis system; the electrolysis system comprises an electrolysis tank and a liquid storage tank, wherein a plurality of electrode plates and liquid circulation pipes are arranged in the electrolysis tank. The electrolysis method comprises the steps of continuously wetting the surface of the electrode plate, continuously circulating electrolyte, preparing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis, separating and purifying the hydrogen and the oxygen, and the like. The electrolysis device and the method of the utility model not only can greatly improve the electrolysis efficiency and save the electrolysis energy consumption, but also can be suitable for a large-scale electrolysis system, are hopeful to be coupled with the industrial hydrogen production industry in China, and have great significance for the development of the green hydrogen industry in China and the realization of the carbon neutralization strategy.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to an electrolysis device and method with low bubble energy consumption by adopting circulating flowing electrolyte.
Background
The hydrogen energy is used as a clean carbon-free, flexible and efficient secondary energy source with rich application scenes and an important industrial raw material, and has wide development prospect. In the international world, a number of countries and regions have begun to route hydrogen energy development. The European Union, japan, the United states, and Korea have formulated a strategy for the development of hydrogen energy.
The hydrogen production technology based on water electrolysis is an important way for absorbing fluctuation renewable energy sources and producing green hydrogen energy; but still face significant challenges in terms of mass efficient production. By 2050, green hydrogen energy is expected to bear 18% of the global energy demand, creating a market value of 2.5 trillion dollars. However, the hydrogen production by water electrolysis still has a plurality of problems of high energy consumption, poor stability and the like. In the traditional electrolysis process, a large amount of bubbles are generated on the surface of the electrode plate, the effective area of the electrode is reduced due to the adhesion of the bubbles on the surface of the electrode plate, and the overpotential is increased, so that larger energy loss is caused. The related research shows that the current density is 5000A/m 2 When the electrolysis bubbles are used, the energy loss generated by the electrolysis bubbles can account for about 30% of the total energy loss.
Therefore, the development of the low-bubble even bubble-free low-energy consumption water electrolysis hydrogen production method has very important significance for the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production and the realization of national hydrogen energy perspective targets.
CN218561641U discloses a high-efficiency water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which comprises an electrolytic cell and a cover plate, wherein two stirring components are arranged in the electrolytic cell, an anode plate and a cathode plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom of the cover plate, and a diaphragm frame is arranged at the bottom of the cover plate. The utility model is provided with an electrolytic cell, a stirring assembly, a cover plate, an anode plate, a cathode plate, an ion diaphragm, a liquid inlet pipe, a feed pipe, a flow control valve, an exhaust pipe and a collecting box, and electrolyte with corresponding dosage can be configured to be mixed with pure water according to the amount of the electrolytic pure water required, so that the conductivity of the pure water is improved, and the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic water is improved. This patent is an accurate increase in electrolyte conductivity to increase electrolysis efficiency, but this method is not an efficient method. The problem of high energy consumption during electrolysis is still unavoidable. Therefore, starting from the reduction of electrolysis energy consumption, the improvement of electrolysis efficiency is the most advantageous solution.
CN14657586a discloses an electrode assembly for electrolysis of water and an apparatus, the electrode assembly of which comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a porous membrane disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the porous membrane being configured to be capable of sucking up an electrolyte by a capillary self-absorption effect, so that generated hydrogen and oxygen are directly separated in a gaseous form without forming bubbles, by which hydrogen production efficiency can be improved. Although the method provided by the patent can reduce the energy consumption in the electrolysis process, the method is only an electrode equipment method, the coupling of a large-scale electrolysis system cannot be realized, and meanwhile, the method can only be in a laboratory small test stage at present and cannot be applied to industrial production in a short time due to high equipment precision requirements.
Therefore, there is a need for an electrolysis apparatus and method that can reduce electrolysis energy consumption, increase electrolysis efficiency, realize large-scale electrolysis system coupling, and be applied to industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides the low-bubble energy consumption electrolysis device and the low-bubble energy consumption electrolysis method adopting the circulating flowing electrolyte, which are characterized in that the liquid storage tank and the liquid circulating pipe are arranged at the upper part of the electrolysis tank body, so that the electrolyte always circulates, the surface of the electrode plate is ensured to be in a wet state, the normal electrolysis reaction can be ensured, and meanwhile, larger bubble energy loss can not be generated, the electrolysis efficiency can be improved, the electrolysis energy consumption can be saved, and the coupling of a large-scale electrolysis system can be realized.
Accordingly, a first object of the present utility model is to provide an electrolysis apparatus with low bubble energy consumption using a circulating flowing electrolyte, comprising an electrolysis system, a switching valve system, a circulation pump, a flow meter, and a gas separation and purification system, wherein the electrolysis system is sequentially connected with the circulation pump and the flow meter in a closed loop manner, and the gas separation and purification system is connected with an air outlet of the electrolysis system, wherein:
the electrolysis system comprises an electrolysis tank and a liquid storage tank, wherein the electrolysis tank and the liquid storage tank are positioned at the lower part, electrolyte is stored in the electrolysis tank and the liquid storage tank, a plurality of anode electrode plates and cathode electrode plates which are arranged at intervals are arranged in the electrolysis tank, and a plurality of liquid circulation pipes are arranged at the upper part of each electrode plate; a plurality of extension sections corresponding to the positions of the circulating pipes are arranged at the joint of the liquid storage tank and the liquid circulating pipe;
the switch valve system comprises a tank liquid outlet valve, a liquid storage tank liquid inlet valve, an oxyhydrogen gas outlet valve, a hydrogen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve, an oxygen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve and a tank liquid exchange port valve;
the gas separation and purification system comprises a gas dryer, an oxyhydrogen gas separator and a secondary drying and purifying device which are sequentially connected, wherein the gas dryer is connected with a gas outlet of the electrolysis system, and the secondary drying and purifying device comprises a hydrogen secondary drying and purifying device and an oxygen secondary drying and purifying device which are respectively connected with hydrogen and oxygen gas outlets of the oxyhydrogen gas separator.
According to the utility model, the electrolytic tank and the liquid circulation pipe are made of stainless steel, the pipe diameter of the liquid circulation pipe is set to be 0.2-0.4 m, and the interval is set to be 0.2-0.4 m.
Further, a liquid flowmeter and a switch valve are arranged above the liquid circulating pipe.
Further, the outlet of the liquid circulation tube is provided in an inclined long cone structure in which both sides are inclined at 15 °.
According to the utility model, the upper left corner of the electrolytic tank is provided with a stainless steel liquid baffle with the length of 0.1 m-0.3 m.
According to the utility model, the right end of the bottom of the electrolytic tank is provided with a tank liquid outlet, the left end of the top of the electrolytic tank is provided with a tank gas outlet, and the left end of the bottom of the electrolytic tank is provided with a tank liquid exchange port.
According to the utility model, the middle side of the top of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank, and the left end of the top of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank.
According to the utility model, the length of the extension is set to 0.4 m-1 m.
A second object of the present utility model is to provide an electrolysis method with low bubble energy consumption using a circulating flowing electrolyte, for solving the problem of high electrolysis energy consumption caused by bubbles generated during electrolysis in the existing electrolysis apparatus, and improving electrolysis efficiency, the electrolysis method comprising the steps of:
step one, continuously wetting the surface of an electrode plate:
firstly, putting a proper amount of electrolyte into a liquid filling opening of the liquid storage tank, opening and adjusting a switch valve above the liquid circulation pipes, and ensuring that the flow rate of each circulation pipe is the same; the electrolyte naturally flows into the electrodes in the electrolytic tank from the liquid storage tank through the liquid circulating pipe, so that the electrodes are kept in a wet state at any time;
step two, continuously circulating electrolyte:
after the electrolyte wets the surface of the electrode plate, the electrolyte flows into the bottom of the electrolytic tank; when the liquid level of the electrolyte is just contacted with the lowest end of the electrode plate, a liquid outlet valve of the tank body is opened, a circulating pump is simultaneously opened, the electrolyte is discharged from the liquid outlet of the tank body, and under the action of the circulating pump, the electrolyte is injected into the liquid storage tank again through a liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank to continuously circulate;
step three, preparing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis:
switching on a power supply, generating electrolytic reaction on an electrode plate in the electrolytic tank, and electrolyzing electrolyte flowing through the electrode plate so as to prepare and generate hydrogen and oxygen;
step four, separating and purifying hydrogen and oxygen:
and (3) opening an oxyhydrogen gas outlet valve, discharging hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis in the step (III) from a tank body air outlet of the electrolytic tank, then passing through the primary drying device, entering the oxyhydrogen separating device, then respectively entering a hydrogen and oxygen secondary drying and purifying device for secondary drying and purification, and finally respectively collecting and storing the hydrogen and oxygen after secondary drying and purification.
According to the utility model, the volume of the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank in the first step meets the requirement of normal operation for 10 minutes without starting the circulating pump.
According to the utility model, the liquid flow in the circulating pipe in the first step is 5L/min-18L/min.
According to the utility model, the circulation flow rate of the circulation pump in the second step is the sum of the total flow rates of the liquid circulation pipes.
According to the utility model, the working pressure of the circulating pump in the second step is 0.2MPa to 0.6MPa.
According to the utility model, the level of the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell in step three is maintained at the lowermost end of the electrode plate while not passing through the electrode plate.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
through setting up liquid storage tank and liquid circulating pipe in the electrolysis trough body upper portion, electrolyte passes through the liquid circulating pipe from the liquid storage tank in electrolysis trough upper portion, naturally flows into the electrolysis trough on the electrode, makes the electrode keep moist state constantly. Electrolyte flowing into the bottom of the tank body after wetting the surface of the electrode plate is injected into the liquid storage tank again for circulation under the action of the circulating pump. And the gases (hydrogen and oxygen) generated by the reaction are discharged from the upper part of the tank body, enter the hydrogen-oxygen separation device after passing through the primary drying device, and respectively enter the secondary drying and purifying device for collection and storage after being separated. The hydrogen production by water electrolysis through the electrolysis device and the method can ensure that the hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis are in a gas state completely, avoid a large amount of energy consumption caused by bubbles, and greatly improve the electrolysis efficiency, thereby saving the electrolysis energy consumption in production, reducing the production cost and being beneficial to saving energy sources and protecting the environment; in addition, the electrolysis device and the method can be also suitable for a large-scale electrolysis system, thereby improving the hydrogen production amount of industrial equipment and realizing the green industrial production of hydrogen.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of low bubble energy consumption electrolysis employing a circulating flowing electrolyte in accordance with the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the electrolytic system 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the electrolysis system 1 of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the liquid circulation tube 1103 of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the liquid circulation tube 1103 of the present utility model.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of electrolytic voltage fluctuation at the same constant current in the electrolytic devices of the example and comparative example in example 3 of the present utility model.
Description of the figure:
1-an electrolysis system;
11-an electrolytic cell; 1101-anode electrode plate; 1102-cathode electrode plate; 1103-a liquid circulation tube; 1104-a liquid flow meter; 1105-liquid baffle;
12-a liquid storage tank; 1201-electrolyte; 1202-an extension;
101, a liquid outlet of the tank body; 102-a liquid inlet of a liquid storage tank; 103-a liquid filling port of the liquid storage tank; 104-a groove body air outlet; 105-a tank body liquid exchange port;
2-switching a valve system;
201, a tank body liquid outlet valve; 202-a liquid charging port valve of the liquid storage tank; 203-oxyhydrogen gas outlet valve; 204-hydrogen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve; 205-oxygen secondary drying purification inlet valve; 206, a tank body liquid exchange port valve;
3-a circulation pump; 4-a flow meter; 5-gas dryer; a 6-oxyhydrogen gas separator; 7-a hydrogen secondary drying and purifying device; 8-oxygen secondary drying and purifying device.
Detailed Description
The present utility model is described in further detail below with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations upon the scope of the utility model, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following, of various non-essential modifications and adaptations of the utility model.
Example 1 Low bubble energy Electrolysis apparatus Using circulating flowing electrolyte
As shown in fig. 1, the low bubble energy electrolysis apparatus using a circulating flowing electrolyte of the present utility model comprises: the electrolysis system 1, the switch valve system 2, the circulating pump 3, the flowmeter 4 and the gas separation and purification system, the electrolysis system 1, with the circulating pump 3, the flowmeter 4 closed loop connection in proper order, the gas separation and purification system with the gas outlet of electrolysis system 1 is connected, wherein: the electrolysis system 1 is used for generating hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis, and the switch valve system 2 is used for controlling inflow and outflow of electrolyte and oxyhydrogen gas and comprises a tank liquid outlet valve 201, a liquid storage tank liquid inlet valve 202, an oxyhydrogen gas outlet valve 203, a hydrogen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve 204, an oxygen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve 205 and a tank liquid exchange port valve 206; the circulating pump 3 is communicated with an electrolytic tank below the electrolytic system 1 and a liquid storage tank above the electrolytic system 1, and is used for enabling electrolyte naturally flowing out of the electrolytic tank to be injected into the liquid storage tank again through the circulating pump 3 for circulation, so that the electrolytic system 1 can continuously generate hydrogen and oxygen in a circulating way; the flow meter 4 is used to measure the total flow of electrolyte through the electrolysis system 1.
The gas separation and purification system comprises a gas dryer 5, an oxyhydrogen gas separator 6 and secondary drying and purification devices 7 and 8 which are sequentially connected, wherein the gas dryer 5 is connected with a gas outlet of the electrolysis system 1, and the secondary drying and purification devices comprise a hydrogen secondary drying and purification device 7 and an oxygen secondary drying and purification device 8 which are respectively connected with hydrogen and oxygen gas outlets of the oxyhydrogen gas separator 6. The gas dryer 5 is used for primary drying of hydrogen and oxygen generated and discharged from the reaction in the electrolysis system 1; the oxyhydrogen gas separator 6 is used for separating the hydrogen and the oxygen after primary drying; the hydrogen secondary drying and purifying device 7 and the oxygen secondary drying and purifying device 8 are respectively used for secondary drying and purifying of the separated hydrogen and oxygen; the inlet of the hydrogen secondary drying and purifying device 7 is provided with a hydrogen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve 204, and the inlet of the oxygen secondary drying and purifying device 8 is provided with an oxygen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve 205.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electrolysis system 1 comprises an electrolysis tank 11 positioned at the lower part and a liquid storage tank 12 positioned at the upper part, wherein the electrolysis tank 11 and the liquid storage tank 12 are internally stored with electrolyte 1201, the electrolysis tank 11 is made of stainless steel materials, and a reaction part of a tank body is in a non-immersed state when the electrolysis device is operated, so that a large amount of bubbles are not generated in the electrolysis process, and the higher electrolysis efficiency is ensured.
A plurality of anode electrode plates 1101 and cathode electrode plates 1102 are arranged in the electrolytic tank 11 at intervals, and are used for electrolyzing the electrolyte 1201 to generate hydrogen and oxygen. A plurality of liquid circulation pipes 1103 are arranged at the upper part of each anode electrode plate 1101 and cathode electrode plate 1102 for circulating electrolyte so that the whole electrode is always in a liquid state; the material of the liquid circulation pipe 1103 is preferably stainless steel, the pipe diameter is set to be 0.2 m-0.4 m, the interval is set to be 0.2 m-0.4 m, and the number of the liquid circulation pipes 1103 on each electrode plate can be set according to the width of the electrode plate, for example, 3-8; further, as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the outlet of the liquid circulation pipe 1103 is in an inclined long cone structure, wherein the inclination angles of two sides are set to 15 °, so that the outlet electrolyte outlet is large and the flow is uniform, and the surface of the electrode plate can be better wetted.
The connection between the liquid storage tank 12 and the liquid circulation pipe 1103 is provided with a plurality of extension sections 1202 corresponding to the positions of the circulation pipe 1103, and the length of the extension sections 1202 is set to be 0.4 m-1 m, so as to ensure that the electrolyte 1201 at the inlet of the circulation pipe 1103 has a certain potential energy, thereby enabling the electrolyte 1201 to normally flow out, flow in and wet the electrode plate.
A liquid flow meter 1104 and a switching valve (not shown) are provided above the liquid circulation pipes 1103, for adjusting the flow rate of the electrolyte flowing through the circulation pipes 1103 by adjusting the switching valve while observing the liquid flow meter 1104, and ensuring that the flow rate of each circulation pipe 1103 is the same and the whole electrode is completely wetted when the electrolyzer is operated. Further, the upper left corner of the electrolytic tank 11 is provided with a stainless steel liquid baffle 1105 having a length of 0.1m to 0.3m for preventing the electrolyte from splashing out of the left gas outlet.
The right end of the bottom of the electrolytic tank 11 is provided with a tank body liquid outlet 101, the left end of the top is provided with a tank body air outlet 104, and the left end of the bottom is provided with a tank body liquid exchange port 105; the middle side of the top of the liquid storage tank 12 is provided with a liquid storage tank liquid inlet 102, and the left end of the top is provided with a liquid storage tank liquid inlet 103. The tank body liquid outlet 101 is provided with a tank body liquid outlet valve 201, the tank liquid inlet 103 is provided with a tank liquid inlet valve 202, the tank body gas outlet 104 is provided with an oxyhydrogen gas outlet valve 203, and the tank body liquid exchange port 105 is provided with a tank body liquid exchange port valve 206.
The working principle of the electrolytic device of the utility model is as follows:
before the electrolytic device starts to operate, proper electrolyte 1201 is put into a liquid storage tank 12 at the upper part of an electrolytic system 1, the electrolyte 1201 naturally flows down from the liquid storage tank 12 through a liquid circulation pipe 1103 and then naturally flows onto an electrode plate below the liquid circulation pipe 1103, so that the electrode plate is kept in a wet state at any time, and hydrogen and oxygen are generated under the electrolytic action of the electrode plate; then, the electrolyte 1201 flows into the bottom of the electrolytic tank 11 and flows out from the electrolyte circulation pump inlet 101 at the right end of the bottom, and is injected into the liquid storage tank 12 again for circulation under the action of the circulation pump 3. The hydrogen and oxygen generated by the reaction are discharged from a tank body air outlet 104 at the left end of the top of the electrolytic tank 11, pass through the primary drying device 5 and enter the hydrogen-oxygen separation device 6; the separated hydrogen and oxygen enter secondary drying and purifying devices 7 and 8 respectively and are collected and stored.
Example 2 Low bubble energy electrolysis method Using a circulating flowing electrolyte
Based on the low-bubble energy consumption electrolysis device of the embodiment 1, the embodiment is used for providing the low-bubble energy consumption electrolysis method adopting the circulating flowing electrolyte, and the electrolysis method not only can ensure that the generated oxyhydrogen is completely in a gas state, but also can avoid a large amount of energy consumption caused by bubbles, thereby greatly improving the electrolysis efficiency; and the method is also suitable for a large-scale electrolysis system, so that the hydrogen production amount of industrial equipment is improved, and a large amount of industrial production of hydrogen is realized. The electrolysis method comprises the following steps.
Step one, continuously wetting the surface of the electrode plate
Firstly, a proper amount of electrolyte 1201 is put into the liquid tank filling opening 103 of the liquid tank 12, and the switch valve above the liquid circulation pipes 1103 is opened and adjusted, and at the same time, the liquid flowmeter 1104 is observed, so as to ensure the same flow rate of each circulation pipe 1103. The electrolyte 1201 flows out from the liquid storage tank 12 through the liquid circulation pipe 1103 and naturally flows into the electrode plate in the electrolytic tank 11, so that the electrode plate is kept in a wet state at all times.
Wherein, the volume of the electrolyte 1201 in the liquid storage tank 12 should at least ensure that the electrolyte can normally work for 10 minutes without the circulating pump 3 being started; in addition, in order to ensure that the electrode plates can be in a completely wetted state all the time, the opening of the flowmeter on the circulating pipe 1103 needs to be adjusted, and according to the sizes of different electrode plates and the number of the circulating pipes, the optimal control of the liquid flow in the circulating pipe at 5L/min-18L/min needs to be ensured.
Step two, continuously circulating electrolyte
After the electrolyte 1201 wets the surface of the electrode plate, the electrolyte flows into the bottom of the electrolytic tank 11; when the liquid level of the electrolyte 1201 just contacts with the lowest end of the electrode plate, the tank liquid outlet valve 201 is opened and adjusted, and the circulating pump 3 is opened, the electrolyte 1201 is discharged from the tank liquid outlet 101, and is injected into the liquid storage tank 12 again through the liquid storage tank liquid inlet 102 under the action of the circulating pump 3 to perform continuous circulation.
Wherein, the circulation flow rate of the circulation pump 3 should be the sum of the total flow rates of the liquid circulation pipes 1103 to ensure the normal operation of the electrolyte circulation; in addition, in order to ensure the normal circulation flow of the electrolyte, the working pressure of the circulating pump 3 is 0.2MPa to 0.6MPa, so as to ensure that the electrolyte in the electrolytic tank 11 can smoothly flow back into the liquid storage tank 12 for circulation.
Step three, preparing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis
When the power is turned on, an electrolytic reaction occurs between the anode electrode plate 1101 and the cathode electrode plate 1102 in the electrolytic cell 11, and the electrolyte 1201 flowing through the electrode plates is electrolyzed, thereby producing hydrogen and oxygen. Wherein, by further adjusting the tank outlet valve 201, the liquid level of the electrolyte 1201 in the electrolytic tank 11 is still kept at the lowest end of the electrode plate, and the electrolyte cannot permeate the electrode plate, so as to ensure that most of the oxyhydrogen generated in the electrolytic process exists in the form of gas, and avoid generating extra bubble resistance.
Step four, separation and purification of hydrogen and oxygen
And (3) opening the oxyhydrogen gas outlet valve 203, discharging the hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrolysis in the step (III) from the tank body gas outlet 104 of the electrolytic tank 11, then passing through the primary drying device 5, entering the oxyhydrogen separation device 6, then respectively entering the hydrogen secondary drying and purifying device 7 and the oxygen secondary drying and purifying device 8 after separation, performing secondary drying and purification, and finally respectively collecting and storing the dried and purified hydrogen and oxygen.
Example 3 comparative experiments on the electrolytic efficiency of the electrolytic System of the utility model with an ordinary alkaline Water electrolyzer
The method and the device are used for verifying the improvement of the electrolysis device and the method in the aspect of improving the electrolysis efficiency and saving the electrolysis energy consumption. In the comparative experiment of the present example, the electrolytic device of the present utility model of example 1 was adopted, and the comparative example was a common alkaline water electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic experiments were respectively carried out, wherein the electrolyte of the example and the electrolyte of the comparative example both adopt a 30% concentration KOH solution; another variant of the comparative experiment of this example is an electrolysis process, wherein the example uses a circulating flow of electrolyte, the comparative example uses electrodes immersed in an electrolyzer, and uses a gas-liquid separator to collect hydrogen; the other operating conditions were kept the same, wherein the operating current was 50ma and the electrolysis time was 200s for both the methods, and the electrolysis voltages of the examples and comparative examples were measured to be effective in producing hydrogen. The electrolytic voltage fluctuation at the same constant current is shown in fig. 6, and the experimental results of hydrogen production capacity and electrolysis energy consumption under the same conditions are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Hydrogen production capability (Nm) 3 /h) | Energy consumption (kW.h/m) 3 ) | Electrolytic efficiency | |
| Examples | 805 | 2.5～3.5 | 65％～75％ |
| Comparative example | 836 | 4～5 | 55％～60％ |
The results of FIG. 6 show that at the same current, the average electrolysis voltage of the electrolysis system of the example was-4.4V since no bubbles were generated; the comparative example adopts the traditional alkaline water electrolysis, and a large amount of bubbles are generated in the electrolysis process, so that higher bubble overpotential is caused, and the average electrolysis voltage is-5.5V; the electrolysis is carried out by adopting the electrolysis system of the embodiment, and the electrolysis voltage, namely the electrolysis energy consumption, is reduced by about 20 percent. It is seen that the electrolysis apparatus and method of the present utility model provides a significant improvement in saving electrolysis energy consumption over conventional alkaline electrolysis.
The results in Table 1 show that the electrolysis system of the example, while slightly lower in hydrogen production capacity than the conventional alkaline electrolysis system of the comparative example, is significantly better than the comparative example in both energy consumption and electrolysis efficiency. Therefore, the electrolysis device and the method are hopeful to accelerate the coupling of the electrolysis device and the industrial hydrogen production industry in China, and have great significance for the development of the green hydrogen industry in China.
In summary, the low-bubble energy consumption electrolysis device and method adopting the circulating flowing electrolyte of the utility model lead the electrolyte to naturally flow into the electrodes in the electrolytic tank from the liquid storage tank at the upper part of the electrolytic tank by designing a novel electrolysis system structure, so that the electrodes are kept in a wet state all the time, and in addition, the circulating pump is used for circulating the electrolyte, thereby ensuring the continuous electrolytic reaction. In the electrolysis process, the generated oxyhydrogen gas is completely in a gas state, no bubbles are generated, and a large amount of energy consumption caused by the bubbles is avoided. Therefore, the water electrolysis device and the water electrolysis method not only can greatly improve the electrolysis efficiency and save the electrolysis energy consumption, thereby reducing the production cost, and having important significance for saving energy and protecting the environment; in addition, the electrolysis device and the method can be also suitable for a large-scale electrolysis system, are hopeful to be coupled with the industrial hydrogen production industry in China, and have great significance for the development of the green hydrogen industry in China.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the utility model, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (14)
1. The utility model provides an adopt low bubble energy consumption's of circulation flowing electrolyte electrolytic device which characterized in that, includes electrolysis system, switch valve system, circulating pump, flowmeter and gas separation purification system, electrolysis system, with circulating pump, flowmeter closed loop connection in proper order, gas separation purification system with electrolysis system's gas outlet is connected, wherein:
the electrolysis system comprises an electrolysis tank and a liquid storage tank, wherein the electrolysis tank and the liquid storage tank are positioned at the lower part, electrolyte is stored in the electrolysis tank and the liquid storage tank, a plurality of anode electrode plates and cathode electrode plates which are arranged at intervals are arranged in the electrolysis tank, and a plurality of liquid circulation pipes are arranged at the upper part of each electrode plate; a plurality of extension sections corresponding to the positions of the circulating pipes are arranged at the joint of the liquid storage tank and the liquid circulating pipe;
the switch valve system comprises a tank liquid outlet valve, a liquid storage tank liquid inlet valve, an oxyhydrogen gas outlet valve, a hydrogen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve, an oxygen secondary drying and purifying inlet valve and a tank liquid exchange port valve;
the gas separation and purification system comprises a gas dryer, an oxyhydrogen gas separator and a secondary drying and purifying device which are sequentially connected, wherein the gas dryer is connected with a gas outlet of the electrolysis system, and the secondary drying and purifying device comprises a hydrogen secondary drying and purifying device and an oxygen secondary drying and purifying device which are respectively connected with hydrogen and oxygen gas outlets of the oxyhydrogen gas separator.
2. The low-bubble energy-consumption electrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein the electrolysis tank and the liquid circulation pipe are made of stainless steel materials, the pipe diameter of the liquid circulation pipe is set to be 0.2-0.4 m, and the interval is set to be 0.2-0.4 m.
3. The low-bubble energy electrolysis apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a liquid flow meter and a switching valve are provided above the liquid circulation pipe.
4. The low bubble energy electrolysis apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the outlet of the liquid circulation tube is provided in an inclined long cone configuration in which both sides are inclined at 15 °.
5. The low bubble energy electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper left corner of the electrolysis cell is provided with a stainless steel liquid baffle plate with a length of 0.1m to 0.3 m.
6. The low-bubble energy-consumption electrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein a tank liquid outlet is formed in the right end of the bottom of the electrolysis tank, a tank gas outlet is formed in the left end of the top of the electrolysis tank, and a tank liquid exchange port is formed in the left end of the bottom of the electrolysis tank.
7. The low-bubble energy-consumption electrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein a liquid storage tank liquid inlet is formed in the middle side of the top of the liquid storage tank, and a liquid storage tank liquid inlet is formed in the left end of the top.
8. The low bubble energy electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the length of the extension is set to 0.4m to 1m.
9. The electrolysis method of a low bubble energy electrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said electrolysis method comprises the steps of:
step one, continuously wetting the surface of an electrode plate:
firstly, putting a proper amount of electrolyte into a liquid filling opening of the liquid storage tank, opening and adjusting a switch valve above the liquid circulation pipes, and ensuring that the flow rate of each circulation pipe is the same; the electrolyte naturally flows into the electrodes in the electrolytic tank from the liquid storage tank through the liquid circulating pipe, so that the electrodes are kept in a wet state at any time;
step two, continuously circulating electrolyte:
after the electrolyte wets the surface of the electrode plate, the electrolyte flows into the bottom of the electrolytic tank; when the liquid level of the electrolyte is just contacted with the lowest end of the electrode plate, a liquid outlet valve of the tank body is opened, a circulating pump is simultaneously opened, the electrolyte is discharged from the liquid outlet of the tank body, and under the action of the circulating pump, the electrolyte is injected into the liquid storage tank again through a liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank to continuously circulate;
step three, preparing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis:
switching on a power supply, generating electrolytic reaction on an electrode plate in the electrolytic tank, and electrolyzing electrolyte flowing through the electrode plate so as to prepare and generate hydrogen and oxygen;
step four, separating and purifying hydrogen and oxygen:
and (3) opening an oxyhydrogen gas outlet valve, discharging hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis in the step (III) from a tank body air outlet of the electrolytic tank, then passing through the primary drying device, entering the oxyhydrogen separating device, then respectively entering a hydrogen and oxygen secondary drying and purifying device for secondary drying and purification, and finally respectively collecting and storing the hydrogen and oxygen after secondary drying and purification.
10. The low bubble energy electrolysis method according to claim 9, wherein the electrolyte volume in the liquid storage tank in the first step is sufficient to normally operate for 10 minutes without opening the circulation pump.
11. The low bubble energy electrolysis method according to claim 9, wherein the flow rate of the liquid in the circulation pipe in the first step is 5 to 18L/min.
12. The low bubble energy electrolysis method according to claim 9, wherein the circulation flow rate of the circulation pump in the second step is the sum of the total flow rates of the respective liquid circulation pipes.
13. The low bubble energy electrolysis method according to claim 9, wherein the operating pressure of the circulation pump in the second step is 0.2MPa to 0.6MPa.
14. The low bubble energy electrolysis method according to claim 9, wherein the level of the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell in the third step is maintained at the lowermost end of the electrode plate without passing through the electrode plate.
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| CN117779123A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-03-29 | 成都中核高通同位素股份有限公司 | Flow control system for separating and purifying radionuclide by electrochemical method |
| CN117779123B (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-04-30 | 成都中核高通同位素股份有限公司 | Flow control system for separating and purifying radionuclide by electrochemical method |
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