CN116375425A - Marine concrete with high corrosion resistance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Marine concrete with high corrosion resistance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 chlorine ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGVMNQYBHPSIJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium;2,2,6,6-tetraoxido-1,3,5,7-tetraoxa-2,4,6-trisilaspiro[3.3]heptane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]21O[Si]([O-])([O-])O2 DGVMNQYBHPSIJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/46—Rock wool ; Ceramic or silicate fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/12—Multiple coating or impregnating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/24—Sea water resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a marine concrete with high corrosion resistance and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of marine concrete. The marine concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of cement, 500-600 parts of fine aggregate, 400-500 parts of coarse aggregate, 50-100 parts of fly ash, 100-150 parts of water, 10-20 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of mixed modified fiber, 1-3 parts of water reducer, 1-3 parts of urea and 1-3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate. The invention prepares the modified fiber by using the gradient low-concentration silica sol, and adds the modified fiber into marine concrete after compounding, thereby greatly improving the erosion resistance and strength performance of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine concrete, and particularly relates to marine concrete with high corrosion resistance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ocean resources lay a material foundation for human survival and development, and influence the change of the earth environment. The ocean economic development is highly valued in China, and meanwhile, the ocean has extremely high strategic position in international competition. The construction and development of ocean engineering in China are also closely concerned.
The advantages of superior performance, economy, low cost and the like of the concrete lead the concrete to play an irreplaceable role in engineering construction and also lead the concrete to be the most used material in ocean engineering. In order to accommodate the erosion of sea water and the harsh natural climate of the ocean, concrete constructions in ocean engineering must be strong, safe, sustainable and economical. However, the durability of concrete in marine environments is severely compromised by a number of factors, such as wet and dry erosion, sulfate erosion, and the like.
In the ocean engineering construction, the seawater is rich in chloride ions and sulfate, so that the seawater has extremely strong corrosiveness to concrete, and the durability and the corrosion resistance of the concrete for ocean construction are particularly important. One of the main reasons is that the alkali substances in the concrete react with acidic substances to cause the phenomenon that the pH value of a concrete pore solution is reduced, so that the alkalinity of the concrete is reduced and the protection of a passivation layer is lost for the steel bars.
And secondly, the concrete carries chlorine ions which are rich in seawater, the radius of the chlorine ions is small, the penetrating power is extremely strong, and the concrete is extremely strong passivating agent, and the chlorine ions are adsorbed at the part of the passivation film, so that the pH value of the part is rapidly reduced, the passivation film on the surface of the steel bar is damaged, and the corrosion of the steel bar can be accelerated.
Thirdly, as seawater is permeated, magnesium salt, sulfate in the seawater and calcium hydroxide in the cement stone react to generate magnesium hydroxide, ettringite, magnesium silicate hydrate, calcium chloride and gypsum, and the magnesium hydroxide damages the structure of the cement paste; ettringite once generated can cause great internal stress in the concrete, so that the concrete expands and cracks; substitution reaction of magnesium silicate hydrate on calcium silicate hydrate reduces the strength of concrete and becomes brittle; calcium chloride and gypsum are soluble in water, causing increased leaching of the concrete, which in turn causes a loss of strength and quality.
In addition, there are factors such as freezing, high temperature and microbial corrosion that erode concrete, resulting in poor durability.
At present, in order to avoid corrosion of seawater to concrete and thus to steel bars, one method is to coat anticorrosive paint on the surface of the concrete so as to prevent corrosion; coating an anti-corrosion layer on the surface of the steel bar to slow down corrosion to the steel bar; and also adopts an electrochemical mode to carry out corrosion prevention. However, these corrosion protection only slow down the corrosion of concrete and steel from the surface, and once the corrosion protection layer is destroyed, the corrosion speed is increased.
And certain improvements are made on the cooperation of concrete raw materials, for example, patent application CN111302729A discloses a lightweight high-strength concrete which comprises, by weight, 550-650 parts of cement, 250-350 parts of nanoscale active materials, 250-350 parts of iron ore powder, 100-150 parts of glass floating beads, 100-120 parts of shale ceramic sand, 350-450 parts of spherical coarse aggregate, 135-150 parts of water, 20-30 parts of additives and 50-100 parts of steel fibers. However, the coarse aggregate and the ceramic sand used in the invention have larger particle sizes, the aggregate and the cementing material are not tightly piled, and the interface transition area is weak; the coarse aggregate needs to be pre-wetted for 24 hours in advance and naturally dried, the water content of the coarse aggregate is controlled, the coarse aggregate is complex and difficult to construct in engineering, and the strength and the erosion resistance of the whole material are not high. Therefore, how to greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the marine concrete and ensure the strength performance of the marine concrete is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the basalt fiber modified high erosion resistance concrete, which improves the strength performance and durability of the marine concrete while improving the erosion resistance performance of the marine concrete, and meets the use requirements of the marine environment on the concrete.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of cement, 500-600 parts of fine aggregate, 400-500 parts of coarse aggregate, 50-100 parts of fly ash, 100-150 parts of water, 10-20 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of mixed modified fiber, 1-3 parts of water reducer, 1-3 parts of urea and 1-3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
Further, the cement is p.o42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
Further, the fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
Further, the filler is quartz powder and/or corundum powder.
Further, the specific preparation method of the mixed modified fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) Ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated basalt fiber into an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 9-10%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 hours; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 19-20%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with 29-30% silicon dioxide content, ultrasonic treating for 1-2h, and drying to obtain the final product.
Further, the acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 10-20%.
Further, the pH of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silica is 10-20nm.
Furthermore, the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
The raw materials of the invention are all commercially available.
In the preparation of marine concrete, in order to improve erosion resistance and strength performance of the concrete, fibers or nanoparticles (such as nano-scale silica sol) and the like are generally used in the prior art so as to improve the density of the system. However, in practical application, the fibers are very easy to be unevenly distributed, aggregation and other phenomena are generated, so that stress concentration is caused, mechanical properties are reduced instead, meanwhile, the binding force between the fibers and the nanoparticles is poor, and the filling effect of the nanoparticles cannot be effectively exerted, so that in most cases, the simple addition and soaking of the fibers, the silica sol and other nanoparticles cannot achieve the expected technical effect.
Therefore, the invention firstly pretreats basalt fiber, improves the roughness of the fiber surface, modifies benzyl alcohol, increases the surface hydrophilicity, and is more beneficial to the adhesion of subsequent silica sol particles. Secondly, the alkaline silica sol with gradually increased gradient concentration is used for modifying the fiber, and the treatment is carried out from low gradient concentration to high gradient concentration, so that on one hand, nano-scale silica sol particles can be uniformly and densely attached on the fiber, the agglomeration effect of the fiber is reduced, and meanwhile, the uniform distribution of the silica sol can be promoted, and the filling effect of the silica sol is improved. The fiber and the silica sol also play bridging action, toughening action and filling action, so that the carbonization rate of the concrete is effectively reduced, the compactness of the system is improved, and the strength performance of the concrete is improved.
The invention also adds a certain proportion of fly ash, and the fly ash and calcium hydroxide or other alkaline earth metal hydroxides are subjected to chemical reaction to generate a compound with hydraulic gelation property, so that the marine concrete maintains good and stable structural strength; the added urea can ensure that the marine concrete has good impermeability on the premise of keeping good structural strength, so that the marine concrete can keep good and stable interface bonding strength among the raw materials of the components in the use process, and the stability of the marine concrete is enhanced; the calcium sulfoaluminate can be poured into the concrete to offset or partially offset the tensile stress generated by shrinkage deformation, so that the cracking resistance of the marine concrete is improved, the early cracks are avoided, and the integral impermeability of the marine concrete is further ensured.
Advantageous effects
The invention prepares the modified fiber by using the gradient low-concentration silica sol, and adds the modified fiber into marine concrete after compounding, thereby greatly improving the erosion resistance and strength performance of the concrete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron microscopic image of the internal morphology of the concrete of example 4 and comparative examples 1-3 after test curing for 28d, wherein A is example 4, B is comparative example 1, C is comparative example 2, and D is comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples, but is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of cement, 500 parts of fine aggregate, 400 parts of coarse aggregate, 50 parts of fly ash, 100 parts of water, 10 parts of filler, 20 parts of mixed modified fiber, 1 part of water reducer, 1 part of urea and 1 part of calcium sulfoaluminate.
The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
The filler is quartz powder.
The specific preparation method of the mixed modified fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) Ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated basalt fiber into an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 9-10%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 19-20%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with 29-30% silicon dioxide content, ultrasonic treating for 1 hr, and drying to obtain the final product.
The acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 10 percent.
The pH value of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-20nm.
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
Example 2
The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 380 parts of cement, 550 parts of fine aggregate, 430 parts of coarse aggregate, 60 parts of fly ash, 120 parts of water, 15 parts of filler, 24 parts of mixed modified fiber, 2 parts of water reducer, 2 parts of urea and 2 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
The filler is corundum powder.
The specific preparation method of the mixed modified fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1.5 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) Ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated basalt fiber into an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 9-10%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1.5 hours; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 19-20%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1.5h; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with 29-30% silicon dioxide content, ultrasonic treating for 1.5h, and drying to obtain the final product.
The acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 15 percent.
The pH value of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-20nm.
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
Example 3
The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 360 parts of cement, 550 parts of fine aggregate, 450 parts of coarse aggregate, 70 parts of fly ash, 130 parts of water, 15 parts of filler, 26 parts of mixed modified fiber, 2 parts of water reducer, 2 parts of urea and 2 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
The filler is quartz powder.
The specific preparation method of the mixed modified fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) Ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated basalt fiber into an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 9-10%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 19-20%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 2h; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with 29-30% silicon dioxide content, ultrasonic treating for 2 hr, and drying to obtain the final product.
The acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 20 percent.
The pH value of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-20nm.
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
Example 4
The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement, 600 parts of fine aggregate, 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 100 parts of fly ash, 150 parts of water, 20 parts of filler, 30 parts of mixed modified fiber, 3 parts of water reducer, 3 parts of urea and 3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
The filler is corundum powder.
The specific preparation method of the mixed modified fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) Ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated basalt fiber into an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 9-10%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 19-20%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 2h; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with 29-30% silicon dioxide content, ultrasonic treating for 2 hr, and drying to obtain the final product.
The acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 20 percent.
The pH value of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-20nm.
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
Comparative example 1
The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement, 600 parts of fine aggregate, 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 100 parts of fly ash, 150 parts of water, 20 parts of filler, 30 parts of mixed modified fiber, 3 parts of water reducer, 3 parts of urea and 3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
The filler is corundum powder.
The specific preparation method of the mixed modified fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) And (3) ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated basalt fiber into an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 9-10%, performing ultrasonic treatment for 6 hours, and fully drying after the treatment is finished to obtain the mixed modified fiber.
The acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 20 percent.
The pH value of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-20nm.
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
(4) In this comparative example, the raw materials and the preparation method were the same as in example 4 except that the modified fiber was treated with only the alkaline silica sol solution having a silica content of 9 to 10%.
Comparative example 2
The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement, 600 parts of fine aggregate, 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 100 parts of fly ash, 150 parts of water, 20 parts of filler, 30 parts of mixed modified fiber, 3 parts of water reducer, 3 parts of urea and 3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
The filler is corundum powder.
The specific preparation method of the mixed modified fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) Ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated basalt fiber into an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 19-20%,
and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 6 hours, and fully drying after the treatment is finished to obtain the mixed modified fiber.
The acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 20 percent.
The pH value of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-20nm.
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
In this comparative example, the raw materials and the preparation method were the same as in example 4 except that the modified fiber was treated with only the alkaline silica sol solution having a silica content of 19 to 20%.
Comparative example 3
The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement, 600 parts of fine aggregate, 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 100 parts of fly ash, 150 parts of water, 20 parts of filler, 30 parts of mixed modified fiber, 3 parts of water reducer, 3 parts of urea and 3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
The filler is corundum powder.
The specific preparation method of the mixed modified fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) The pretreated basalt fiber is ultrasonically dispersed in an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 29-30 percent,
and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 6 hours, and fully drying after the treatment is finished to obtain the mixed modified fiber.
The acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 20 percent.
The pH value of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-20nm.
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
In this comparative example, the raw materials and the preparation method were the same as in example 4 except that only the alkaline silica sol solution having a silica content of 29 to 30% was used for the treatment when the modified fiber was mixed.
Comparative example 4
The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement, 600 parts of fine aggregate, 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 100 parts of fly ash, 150 parts of water, 20 parts of filler, 30 parts of modified fiber, 3 parts of water reducer, 3 parts of urea and 3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement.
The fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone broken stone with the continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
The filler is corundum powder.
The specific preparation method of the modified fiber comprises the following steps: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain modified fibers;
wherein the acid solution is nitric acid with the mass concentration of 20 percent.
The pH value of the alkaline silica sol solution in the step (2) is 9-10, and the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 10-20nm.
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducer, and the water reducing rate is more than 25%.
The preparation method of the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Preparing modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into dry materials, mixing and stirring uniformly, adding the prepared modified fiber along the stirring direction,
fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
In this comparative example, the raw materials and the preparation method were the same as in example 4 except that the first-step pretreatment modification was performed without the gradient concentration silica sol modification, that is, only the acid and benzyl alcohol treatment was performed at the time of modifying the fiber.
Performance testing
The raw materials were weighed according to the compounding ratios of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4, respectively, to prepare concretes for performance test. According to the standard of the common concrete mixture performance test method (GB/T50080-2016), the concrete is placed in a standard curing room for curing for 24 hours, then the mold is removed, and the sample is placed in a standard curing box for curing to a specified age.
Detection method
(1) Concrete working performance test
The performance of the concrete mixture is detected according to the standard of the common concrete mixture performance test method (GB/T50080-2016), and main indexes comprise initial slump/expansion degree, air content, slump/expansion degree loss with time and the like.
(2) Strength properties
The concrete test piece meets the specification of the test method standard of physical and mechanical properties of concrete (GB/T50081-2019), a cube test piece with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm is prepared, cured to a specified age under standard curing conditions, and subjected to compressive strength test in a laboratory by using a testing machine.
(3) Resistance to chloride ion permeation, electric flux, and sulfate attack
Detecting the chloride ion diffusion coefficient according to a rapid chloride ion migration coefficient method in test method Standard for the long-term performance and durability of common concrete (GB/T50082-2009), namely an RCM method; and simultaneously, the electric flux, dry and wet cycle sulfate corrosion performance is tested according to the standard.
(4) Microstructure of microstructure
SEM field emission scanning electron microscope
TABLE 1 Performance test results
From the data in the table, the concrete of the embodiment of the invention has good working performance, the 28d compressive strength is not lower than 60MPa, the chloride ion diffusion coefficient is smaller than 2, and the use requirement of the ocean special environment is completely met. In comparative examples 1 to 4, the modification process of the silica sol with gradient concentration on the fibers was changed, and the silica sol particles could not be uniformly and densely attached to the fibers, so that the modification effect of the silica sol was reduced, thereby resulting in the reduction of the comprehensive performance of the concrete. From the SEM image of the microscopic morphology of the cured 28d concrete, it can be seen that the concrete obtained in example 4 of the present invention has dense filling of the fibers and hydration products and optimal density, while comparative examples 1 to 3 all show local holes and reduced density.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely some, but not all embodiments of the preferred mode of carrying out the invention. It is evident that all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, based on the above-described embodiments of the invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of cement, 500-600 parts of fine aggregate, 400-500 parts of coarse aggregate, 50-100 parts of fly ash, 100-150 parts of water, 10-20 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of mixed modified fiber, 1-3 parts of water reducer, 1-3 parts of urea and 1-3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate.
2. The highly erosion resistant marine concrete of claim 1 wherein said cement is P-O42.5 portland cement.
3. The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein the fine aggregate is river sand with a fineness modulus of 2.89, and the coarse aggregate is common limestone gravels with a continuous gradation of 5-10 mm.
4. The highly erosion resistant marine concrete of claim 1, wherein the filler is quartz powder and/or corundum powder.
5. The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein the concrete preparation method of the mixed modified fiber is as follows:
(1) Pretreatment: basalt fiber is prepared according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g: dispersing 100mL in an acid solution, adding benzyl alcohol with the mass of 0.1% of that of the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-2 hours, filtering, repeatedly washing basalt fibers with deionized water, and drying to obtain pretreated basalt fibers;
(2) Ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated basalt fiber into an alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 9-10%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 hours; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with the silica content of 19-20%, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h; filtering, taking out, dispersing in alkaline silica sol solution with 29-30% silicon dioxide content, ultrasonic treating for 1-2h, and drying to obtain the final product.
6. The marine concrete with high corrosion resistance according to claim 5, wherein the acid solution in the step (1) is nitric acid with a mass concentration of 10-20%.
7. The marine concrete of claim 5, wherein the alkaline silica sol solution of step (2) has a pH of 9 to 10 and the silica has a particle size of 10 to 20nm.
8. The marine concrete of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type high performance water reducing agent with a water reducing rate of > 25%.
9. A method for preparing a marine concrete with high corrosion resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing mixed modified fibers;
(2) Uniformly mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, filler, urea and calcium sulfoaluminate according to parts by weight under mechanical stirring to obtain a dry material;
(3) Adding water and a water reducing agent into the dry material, mixing and stirring uniformly, and then adding the prepared mixed modified fiber along the stirring direction, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the marine concrete with high corrosion resistance.
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