CN116374154A - Folding mechanism and folding method for opposite pulling and pressing action of wing tip of airplane - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a folding mechanism and a folding method for opposite pulling and pressing actions of an airplane wing tip, belonging to the technical field of airplane body structural design, and comprising the following steps: the wing tip fixing end is fixedly provided with a plurality of groups of fixing end rotating shaft supports and actuating supports, and each fixing end rotating shaft support is provided with a rotary driving joint; the actuator is connected between the rotary driving joint and the actuating support; the wing tip folding end is in penetrating joint with the wing tip fixing end, and a group of folding end rotating shaft supports are fixedly arranged on the wing tip folding end; the folding rotating shaft is arranged between the fixed end rotating shaft support, the rotary driving joint and the folding end rotating shaft support in a penetrating manner; the fixed latches are respectively arranged on the wing tip fixed end and the wing tip folding end and are matched with each other. The technical scheme of the invention is more convenient for wing tip folding design, wing tip locking design, actuation system protection design in a flying stopping state and the like.

Description

Folding mechanism and folding method for opposite pulling and pressing action of wing tip of airplane

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft body structural design, and provides an aircraft wing tip opposite pulling and pressing action folding mechanism and a folding method.

Background

The use of high aspect ratio wings to increase the lift-drag ratio of an aircraft has become a major consideration in reducing fuel consumption in modern large-scale broadbody passenger aircraft designs. In order to overcome the problem of airport adaptability caused by the problem that the large span of the airplane possibly exceeds the requirements of the runway, the taxiway and the parking place on the width of the airplane, the adoption of a folding wing design on a large-scale broad-body airliner has been attracting more and more attention in recent years, and particularly the successful application of a folding wing tip of a boeing company on B777X shows good market prospect for the further development of future folding wing technology.

Although the use of folding wings on large, wide-body airliners has been a matter of recent years, the use in the field of carrier-borne aircraft has been a matter of decades. From the prior published data, the most basic folding modes in the design of the folding wing at present comprise two modes, one is a torque box scheme, the axis of a rotating hinge is arranged at the central chord line position in a folding plane, and a movable part is driven to fold by an electric rotating actuator; another is a push rod type scheme, wherein the axis of the rotating hinge is arranged at a position close to the inner side surface of the wing in the rotating direction in the folding surface (the hinge shaft is arranged on the upper surface when the wing is folded upwards and the hinge shaft is arranged on the lower surface when the wing is folded downwards), and the movable part is pushed to be folded by the hydraulic actuating cylinder.

However, the torque box solution has to be folded with the hinge axis on the centre line of the thickness direction of the fold surface, so that both the upper and lower surfaces of the wing have to be broken at the fold surface, which places relatively high demands on the reliability of the latch structure and the control system. In addition, the gearbox is used as a drive, the gearbox is poor in detectability and interchangeability, and the difficulty and cost of maintenance are increased.

The reliability of the latch in the push-rod scheme is extremely important and is not beneficial to preventing the invasion of external environmental factors such as sun, sand, rain and snow when the aircraft is parked at various airports. In addition, such designs have a locking device that is relatively remote from the wing attachment portion, which is inconvenient for efficient use of the attachment portion members.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a wing tip folding mechanism that facilitates wing tip folding, wing tip locking, and actuation system protection in a off-air condition.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects, the technical scheme of the invention provides an airplane wing tip opposite pulling and pressing action folding mechanism and a folding method. According to the technical scheme, the linear actuators are arranged in series in a spanwise opposite direction, the folding rotation axis is arranged on the central line of the section of the wing tip, the wing tip is folded through one or more groups of series actuators in a pulling-pressing fit manner, and the folded wing tip is pulled down through pulling-pressing again. The folding actuating mechanism and the latch mechanism are separately designed, when the folding wing tip is in a folding state, the ground latch and the rotating shaft are locked together, and when the folding wing tip is in a folding state, the wing tip is locked in the air through the two groups of air latch structures of the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface. The folding wing tip structure can be used for the design of a folding wing tip structure and a mechanism of a large-span aircraft, and a feasible way is provided for avoiding the existing proprietary technology of Boeing aerobus and the like.

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an aircraft wing tip counter-pulling and pressing action folding mechanism comprising:

the wing tip fixing end is fixedly provided with a plurality of groups of fixing end rotating shaft supports and actuating supports, each fixing end rotating shaft support is provided with a rotary driving joint, and an actuator is connected between the rotary driving joint and the actuating support;

the wing tip folding end and the wing tip fixing end are connected in an inserted mode, and a group of folding end rotating shaft supports are fixedly arranged on the wing tip folding end;

the folding rotating shaft is arranged between the fixed end rotating shaft support, the rotary driving joint and the folding end rotating shaft support in a penetrating manner;

and a plurality of groups of fixed latches which are respectively arranged on the wing tip fixing end and the wing tip folding end and are matched with each other.

Further, a group of fixed end rotating shaft supports and two groups of actuating supports which are arranged in parallel are fixedly arranged on the wing tip fixing end, the two groups of actuating supports are respectively arranged on two sides of the fixed end rotating shaft supports, and the two groups of actuators are arranged on two sides of the rotary driving joint in a spanwise opposite series connection mode.

Further, the shape of the rotary driving joint is V or V (inverted triangle), the rotary driving joint comprises two actuator connecting ends at the upper part and a folding rotating shaft fixing end at the lower part, and the folding rotating shaft is arranged in the folding rotating shaft fixing end of the rotary driving joint in a penetrating mode.

Further, the actuator is a linear actuator and comprises a supporting end and an actuating end, wherein the supporting end is hinged with the actuating support, and the actuating end is hinged with the actuator connecting end of the rotary driving joint.

Further, the folding rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the rotary driving joint and the folding end rotating shaft support and hinged with the fixed end rotating shaft support.

Further, when the folding wing is changed from the unfolded state to the folded state, one group of actuators arranged on two sides of the rotary driving joint are gradually stretched and the other group of actuators are gradually contracted, so that the rotary driving joint drives the folding rotating shaft and the folding end rotating shaft support to rotate, and further drives the wing tip folding end to be gradually folded.

Further, when the folding wing is in the folded state, the V or V-shaped rotary driving joint is in a horizontal state.

Further, when the folding wing is changed from the folded state to the unfolded state, the two groups of actuators are arranged at two sides of the rotary driving joint, and the group of expansion gradually contracts and the group of contraction gradually expands, so that the rotary driving joint drives the folding rotating shaft and the folding end rotating shaft support to rotate, and further drives the wing tip folding end to gradually expand.

Further, when the folding wing is in the unfolded state, the V-shaped or V-shaped rotary driving joint is in the vertical state.

Further, a wing tip fold axis passing through the fold spindle is arranged at a wing tip section centerline position.

Further, the fixed latch comprises a ground fixed latch and an aerial fixed latch, wherein:

the ground fixing latch is respectively arranged on the upper wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and the lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end, and when the folding wing is in a folding state, the ground fixing latch on the upper wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and the ground fixing latch on the lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end are aligned with each other and matched with the rotating shaft to complete folding position locking;

the aerial fixing latches are arranged on two sides of the folding rotating shaft, the wing tip fixing ends and the upper wing surfaces and the lower wing surfaces of the wing tip folding ends are respectively arranged on the upper wing surfaces and the lower wing surfaces of the wing tip fixing ends and the upper wing surfaces and the lower wing surfaces of the wing tip folding ends, and when the folding wings are folded and unfolded, the aerial fixing latches on the wing tip fixing ends and the upper wing surfaces and the lower wing surfaces of the wing tip folding ends are aligned with each other to complete unfolding position locking.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of folding an aircraft wing tip against a pulling and pressing action, comprising:

from unfolding to folding:

s11: opening ground fixing latches on the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and the wing tip folding end, and releasing the fixing of the ground fixing latches to the movement of the folding wings;

s12: the left and right side actuators are in tension-compression fit, the folding rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the rotary driving joint, and the folding rotating shaft drives the wing tip folding end to fold through the folding end rotating shaft support under the constraint of the fixed end rotating shaft support;

s13: after the wing tip folding end is folded to a designated position, the upper wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and the aerial fixing latch on the lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end are aligned with each other and matched with the rotating shaft to complete folding position locking;

from folding to unfolding:

s21: opening aerial fixing latches on an upper wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and a lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end, and releasing the aerial fixing latches from fixing the movement of the folding wings;

s22: the left and right side actuators are in tension-compression fit, the folding rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the rotary driving joint, and the folding rotating shaft drives the wing tip folding end to unfold through the folding end rotating shaft support under the constraint of the fixed end rotating shaft support;

s23: after the wing tip folding end is fully unfolded, the unfolded position lock is completed by the wing tip fixing end and the ground fixing latches on the upper and lower wing surfaces of the wing tip folding end being aligned with each other.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(a) The technical scheme of the invention forms a relatively closed chamber after folding, and the system, the actuator equipment and the like are not exposed outside, so that the folding cross section structure has the function of better protecting sun, sand, dust, rain, snow and other external airport environmental factors from invasion, can achieve the detectable interchangeability, reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance and can also ensure the structural rigidity of the folding cross section.

(b) According to the technical scheme, the actuators are arranged in series in the opposite direction, wing tip expanding space is fully utilized, the working load of a single actuator is reduced, and the protruding contradiction point between the wing tip vertical arrangement space and the section size of the actuator is effectively solved.

(c) According to the technical scheme, the wing tip folding axis is arranged on the central line of the wing tip section and far away from the upper airfoil surface and the lower airfoil surface, so that the rigidity of the rotating section is improved, the blocking of the actuator caused by deformation and the interference probability of the upper airfoil surface and the lower airfoil surface are reduced, and the reliability of the folding mechanism is improved.

(d) In the technical scheme of the invention, in the wing folding process, the actuators complete the wing tip folding process through the actuating joint of the pulling and pressing rotating shaft, the overall stroke is shorter, and the actuating loads are distributed to the left actuator and the right actuator in a coordinated manner, so that the invention is beneficial to stability design compared with the existing linear driving scheme.

(e) The invention adopts the technical proposal that the driving joints at the two sides of the rotating shaft are V-shaped "Or (B)

The arrangement avoids dead points of actuators at two sides in the process of actuating and folding, and the actuating power arm is designed to be as large as possible.

(f) According to the technical scheme, the folding actuating mechanism and the latch mechanism are designed separately, the folding rotating bearing and the aerial latch receiving mechanism bear ground load, four sets of latch mechanisms arranged on the upper airfoil surface and the lower airfoil surface bear aerial load, no function multiplexing exists, and the reliability of the actuating mechanism and the latch mechanism is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a tandem tension and compression actuated folding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the tandem tension and compression actuated folding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3A is an expanded schematic view of the tandem tension and compression actuated folding mechanism of the present invention; FIG. 3B is a schematic folding view of the folding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the folding wing of the tandem folding mechanism of the present invention with the folding mechanism horizontally deployed;

FIG. 5 is a side view of a folding wing during 45 degree movement of the spanwise tandem tension and compression actuated folding mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a side view of a folding wing of the present invention when folded up vertically 90 ° with a spanwise tandem tension and compression actuated folding mechanism.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the accompanying claims.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the disclosure described herein may be capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, for example.

Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

A plurality, including two or more.

And/or, it should be understood that for the term "and/or" used in this disclosure, it is merely one association relationship describing associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships. For example, a and/or B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone.

The technical scheme of the invention provides an airplane wing tip opposite pulling and pressing action folding mechanism, which is shown in figures 1-2. The basic characteristic of this scheme is that the linear actuator adopts the opposite serial arrangement of spanwise, fold the axis of rotation to arrange in wing tip cross-section central line, draw the press fit to finish the wing tip to fold through one or more sets of serial actuators, pull and press and put down the folding wing tip again. The folding actuating mechanism and the latch mechanism are separately designed, when the folding wing tip is in a folding state, the ground latch and the rotating shaft are locked together, and when the folding wing tip is in a folding state, the wing tip is locked in the air through the two groups of air latch structures of the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface.

Here, by "spanwise tandem" is meant that in the wing spanwise direction (root to tip direction), two sets of actuators are arranged in tandem with the two sets of actuators acting in opposition.

The wing tip opposite pulling and pressing actuating folding mechanism of the aircraft comprises a wing tip fixed end, a wing tip folding end, an actuating support, a fixed end rotating shaft support, a folding rotating shaft, a rotary driving joint, a linear actuator, an air fixed latch and a ground fixed latch.

The actuating support is fixed with the wing tip fixed end through mechanical connection, the actuator supporting end is hinged with the supporting support, the actuator actuating end is hinged with the rotating shaft driving joint, the driving joint is fixed with the rotating shaft through mechanical connection, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft connecting joint of the folding end, and the rotating shaft is hinged with the rotating shaft support of the fixed end.

The actuators are arranged on two sides of the folding rotating shaft in series in the unfolding direction, the actuating ends are hinged with the left side and the right side of the rotary driving joint respectively, and folding and retracting of the folding wing tips are completed through cooperation of the actuators on the two sides. The rotary driving joint is in V-shaped or V-shaped design, and the linear pulling and pressing motion of the actuators at two sides is converted into the rotary motion of the folding shaft. The rotating shaft is under the constraint of the fixed end supporting joint and drives the folding end to fold or put down through the folding end rotating shaft connecting joint.

The ground latch of the upper wing surface of the fixed end and the ground latch of the lower wing surface of the folding end are matched with the rotating shaft to complete the ground folding position locking of the wing tip when the wing tip is folded to be in a folding state.

Four groups of aerial latches are arranged on two sides of the folding rotating shaft, the fixed end and the upper and lower wing surfaces of the folding end, and when the wing tips are in a folding state, the folding wing tips are locked in the folding position through four groups of latch structures.

Examples

According to the scheme, the wing upper and lower wall plates are in a plane form, so that the unfolding-direction series pulling and pressing action folding mechanism shown in fig. 3A and 3B can be obtained. The wing tip fixing device specifically comprises a wing tip fixing end 1, a wing tip folding end 2, an actuating support 3, an actuator 4, a rotary driving joint 5, a folding rotating shaft 6, a fixing end rotating shaft support 7, a folding end rotating shaft support 8, an air fixing latch 9, a ground fixing latch 10 and a ground fixing latch 11.

A side view of the folding wing when the unfolding-direction tandem pulling and pressing actuation folding mechanism is unfolded horizontally is shown in fig. 4.

The specific working steps of folding the wing tip from unfolding to folding are described below.

Step one: the wing tip fixing end 1 and the folding end 2 are opened to fix the latch 9 in the air, and the fixing of the folding wing by the unfolding latch is released.

Step two: the actuating cylinders on the left side and the right side are in tension and compression fit, and the rotary shaft 6 is driven to rotate through the rotary driving joint 5, so that wing tips are folded.

Step three: after the folding end 2 reaches the designated position, ground locking of the folding wing tip is achieved by the ground fixing latch 10 and the ground fixing latch 11 with the folding spindle 6.

See in particular the side view of the folding wings of the present invention shown in figures 5 and 6 during 45 ° movement of the fold mechanism in tandem in the unfolded orientation and when folded up vertically at 90 °.

In summary, in the technical scheme of the invention, the linear actuators are arranged in series in the spanwise direction, the folding rotation axis is arranged on the center line of the section of the wing tip, the wing tip folding is completed through the pull-press fit of one or more groups of series actuators, and the folded wing tip is put down through the pull-press again. In addition, by designing the folding actuating mechanism separately from the latching mechanism, the ground latches are each set and the rotation shaft together complete the locking when the wing tip is in the folded state. When the wing tip is in a retracted state, the wing tip is fixed in the air through the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface respectively by two groups of air latch mechanisms. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is more convenient for wing tip folding design, wing tip locking design, actuation system protection design in a flying stopping state and the like.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above implementation may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general purpose hardware platform, or of course by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (e.g. ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) comprising instructions for causing a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An aircraft wing tip counter-pulling and pressing action folding mechanism, characterized in that the aircraft wing tip counter-pulling and pressing action folding mechanism comprises:

the wing tip fixing end is fixedly provided with a plurality of groups of fixing end rotating shaft supports and actuating supports, and each fixing end rotating shaft support is provided with a rotary driving joint;

the actuator is connected between the rotary driving joint and the actuating support;

the wing tip folding end and the wing tip fixing end are connected in an inserted mode, and a group of folding end rotating shaft supports are fixedly arranged on the wing tip folding end;

the folding rotating shaft is arranged between the fixed end rotating shaft support, the rotary driving joint and the folding end rotating shaft support in a penetrating manner;

and a plurality of groups of fixed latches which are respectively arranged on the wing tip fixing end and the wing tip folding end and are matched with each other.

2. The folding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a set of fixed end shaft supports and two sets of actuating supports are fixedly arranged on the fixed end of the wing tip in parallel, the two sets of actuating supports are respectively arranged on two sides of the fixed end shaft supports, and the two sets of actuators are arranged on two sides of the rotary driving joint in a spanwise opposite serial connection mode.

3. The folding mechanism of claim 1, wherein the rotary drive joint is V-shaped or V-shaped and includes upper two actuator connection ends and a lower folding shaft fixed end, and the folding shaft is inserted into the folding shaft fixed end of the rotary drive joint.

4. A wing tip-to-drag compression actuated folding mechanism as claimed in claim 3 wherein the actuator is a linear actuator comprising a support end and an actuation end, the support end being hinged to the actuation support and the actuation end being hinged to the actuator connection end of the rotary drive joint.

5. The folding mechanism of claim 1, wherein the folding shaft is fixedly connected to the rotary drive joint and the folding end shaft support and hinged to the fixed end shaft support.

6. The wing tip-to-pull compression actuated folding mechanism of claim 1,

when the folding wing is changed from an unfolding state to a folding state, one group of actuators arranged at two sides of the rotary driving joint gradually stretches and the other group of actuators gradually contracts, so that the rotary driving joint drives the folding rotating shaft and the folding end rotating shaft support to rotate, and further drives the wing tip folding end to gradually fold;

when the folding wing is changed from folding to unfolding, the two groups of actuators are arranged on two sides of the rotary driving joint, and the group of expansion gradually contracts and the group of contraction gradually expands, so that the rotary driving joint drives the folding rotating shaft and the folding end rotating shaft support to rotate, and further drives the wing tip folding end to gradually unfold.

7. The wing tip-to-pull compression actuated folding mechanism of claim 1, wherein the V or V-shaped rotary drive joint is horizontal when the folding wing is in a folded state; when the folding wing is in an unfolding state, the V-shaped or V-shaped rotary driving joint is in a vertical state.

8. The wing tip-to-pull compression actuated folding mechanism of claim 1, wherein a wing tip fold axis through the fold spool is disposed at a wing tip cross-section centerline position.

9. The aircraft wing tip-to-pull compression actuated folding mechanism of claim 1, wherein the fixed latch comprises a ground fixed latch and an aerial fixed latch, wherein:

the ground fixing latch is respectively arranged on the upper wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and the lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end, and when the folding wing is in a folding state, the ground fixing latch on the upper wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and the ground fixing latch on the lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end are aligned with each other and matched with the rotating shaft to complete folding position locking;

the aerial fixing latches are arranged on two sides of the folding rotating shaft and are respectively positioned on the wing tip fixing end and the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end, and when the folding wing is in folding and unfolding, the aerial fixing latches on the wing tip fixing end and the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end are aligned with each other to finish unfolding position locking.

10. An aircraft wing tip counter-pulling, pressing, acting and folding method, characterized in that the aircraft wing tip counter-pulling, pressing, acting and folding method is based on the operation of the aircraft wing tip counter-pulling, pressing, acting and folding mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the aircraft wing tip counter-pulling, pressing, acting and folding method comprising:

from unfolding to folding:

s11: opening ground fixing latches on the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and the wing tip folding end, and releasing the fixing of the ground fixing latches to the movement of the folding wings;

s12: the left and right side actuators are in tension-compression fit, the folding rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the rotary driving joint, and the folding rotating shaft drives the wing tip folding end to fold through the folding end rotating shaft support under the constraint of the fixed end rotating shaft support;

s13: after the wing tip folding end is folded to a designated position, the upper wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and the aerial fixing latch on the lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end are aligned with each other and matched with the rotating shaft to complete folding position locking;

from folding to unfolding:

s21: opening aerial fixing latches on an upper wing surface of the wing tip fixing end and a lower wing surface of the wing tip folding end, and releasing the aerial fixing latches from fixing the movement of the folding wings;

s22: the left and right side actuators are in tension-compression fit, the folding rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the rotary driving joint, and the folding rotating shaft drives the wing tip folding end to unfold through the folding end rotating shaft support under the constraint of the fixed end rotating shaft support;

s23: after the wing tip folding end is fully unfolded, the unfolded position lock is completed by the wing tip fixing end and the ground fixing latches on the upper and lower wing surfaces of the wing tip folding end being aligned with each other.

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