CN116369065B

CN116369065B - Straw crushing device

Info

Publication number: CN116369065B
Application number: CN202310585361.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘洋; 张晓兵; 荣建红
Original assignee: Lianyungang Lianfa Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Lianyungang Lianfa Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-23
Filing date: 2023-05-23
Publication date: 2023-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2043-05-23
Also published as: CN116369065A

Abstract

The application provides a straw crushing device which comprises a frame, wherein a straw cutting cylinder, a material conveying cylinder, a crushing mechanism and a crushing roller are sequentially arranged in the frame from top to bottom; the straw cutting cylinder comprises a cylinder body, and the cutter shaft is rotatably arranged in the cylinder body; the auxiliary cutting knife is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder body; one end of the main cutting knife is fixed on the knife shaft, and the other end extends to a position close to the auxiliary cutting knife; the straw is supported on the top surface of the auxiliary cutting knife after extending into the straw cutting cylinder, and the main cutting knife cuts off the straw into short straw when rotating; the crushing mechanism comprises an operation frame, and the lifting frame is arranged in the operation frame in a sliding manner; the tool apron is arranged at the bottom of one end of the lifting frame extending into the crushing cavity; a cutting groove and a draining groove are arranged at the lower part of the operation frame; the cutting-off grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the draining grooves; the crushing knife presses the straw to the cutting groove and the draining groove and divides the straw into smaller straw blocks; the crushing roller is used for thoroughly crushing the straw.

Description

Straw crushing device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of crop straw crushing, in particular to a straw crushing device.

Background

After grain harvesting of the crop, a large amount of crop straw remains. The current method for recycling crop straws is to crush the straws by straw crushing equipment and reuse the crushed straws as waste materials. When the straw is long, if the long straw is directly added into the straw crushing equipment at one time, the straw is difficult to be crushed thoroughly by single crushing due to the long length of the straw, so that the straw is not crushed thoroughly.

For example, the patent CN109451896a provides a straw pulverizer, and specifically discloses that the pulverizing mechanism includes a main shaft, a turntable, a pin shaft and a hammer. The pulverizer only carries out single pulverization on the straws through the hammer slice, and for slender straws such as wheat straws and corn straws, thorough pulverization is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a straw crushing device which can thoroughly crush slender crop straws.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:

a straw smashing device comprises a frame, wherein a straw cutting cylinder, a material conveying cylinder, a smashing mechanism and a smashing roller are sequentially arranged in the frame from top to bottom;

the straw cutting cylinder comprises a circular cylinder body, and the cutter shaft is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the cylinder body; the circular arc auxiliary cutting knife is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder; one end of the main cutting knife is fixed on the knife shaft, and the other end of the main cutting knife extends to a position close to the auxiliary cutting knife along the radial direction of the cylinder body; the slender straw stretches into the straw cutting cylinder and then is supported on the top surface of the auxiliary cutting knife, and the main cutting knife cuts the slender straw into short straw along the arc direction of the auxiliary cutting knife when rotating;

the crushing mechanism comprises an operation frame, and the lifting frame is arranged in the operation frame in a penetrating manner along the vertical direction in a sliding manner; the tool apron is arranged at the bottom of one end of the lifting frame extending into the crushing cavity; the crushing cutters are arranged on the bottom surface of the cutter seat;

a cutting groove is formed in the lower part of the operation frame along the standing direction, and a draining groove is formed in the lower part of the operation frame along the direction inclined relative to the standing direction; the cutting grooves and the draining grooves are in one-to-one correspondence, and are positioned right below the crushing knife in the setting direction; the crushing knife presses the straw down to the cutting groove and the draining groove along the standing direction and divides the straw into smaller straw blocks; the crushing roller is used for crushing the received straw blocks so as to thoroughly crush the straw.

Preferably, a feeding pipe is transversely fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder, and a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the cylinder; the auxiliary cutting knife is positioned between the feeding pipe and the discharging hole; the circular arc-shaped guide seat is arranged on the inner wall of one side, opposite to the auxiliary cutting knife, of the lower part of the inner cavity of the cylinder body; the plurality of main cutting blades are uniformly arranged on the cutter shaft circumferential side in the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the auxiliary cutting knife comprises a circular arc-shaped cutter body, and a circular arc-shaped cutting groove is formed in one side of the cutter body, which is away from the inner wall of the cylinder; the cutting edge is fixed on the side of the tool body near one end of the feeding pipe and is positioned at the inlet of the cutting groove, and the cutting edges are arranged along the arc direction of the cutting groove.

Preferably, the main cutting knife comprises a knife bar, and the first cutting knife head is arranged at one end of the knife bar, which is far away from the knife shaft, by using a bolt; the second cutting tool bit is fixed on one side of the tool bar along the length direction of the tool bar; the round support column is arranged at the end part of the second cutting tool bit; the first cutting tool bit presses on one end of the second cutting tool bit, and the first cutting tool bit is buckled on the outer side of the support column.

Preferably, in the radial direction of the cylinder, one side of the first cutting tool bit, which is far away from the axis of the cylinder, is an arc-shaped first cutting edge; the side of the second cutting tool bit, which is far away from the tool bar, is an arc-shaped second cutting edge; the arc-shaped edge of the first cutting edge is butted with the arc-shaped edge of the second cutting edge.

Preferably, the crushing mechanism comprises a first motor, and the first motor is vertically arranged on the operation frame; the guide post is vertically arranged at the top end of the operation frame; the lifting transmission piece is arranged at the top of the operation frame, one end of the lifting transmission piece is connected to the output shaft end of the first motor, and the other end of the lifting transmission piece is slidably sleeved on the guide post and is supported on the bottom surface of the top plate of the lifting frame; the balancing weight is arranged on the top surface of the tool apron.

Preferably, the crushing cavity is transversely arranged in the operation frame; the feeding hole is arranged in the operation frame along the direction inclined relative to the standing direction; the opening of the feeding hole is upward, and the outlet of the feeding hole is communicated with the crushing cavity; the material dropping cavity is arranged at the lower part of the operation frame and is respectively communicated with the cutting groove and the draining groove.

Preferably, the crushing blade includes a wedge-shaped first cutting blade and a trapezoid-shaped third cutting blade; and a second cutting blade having a triangular shape between the first cutting blade and the third cutting blade.

Preferably, the crushing roller comprises a crushing box, a cross beam is transversely fixed in the crushing box, a plurality of extrusion rollers are rotatably arranged on the cross beam, and an annular crushing knife is arranged on the periphery of the extrusion rollers; the annular crushing cutters arranged on the two adjacent extrusion rollers crush the straws in the middle when rotating.

Preferably, the annular crushing cutter comprises an annular cutter seat; a first crushing cutter is fixed in the annular cutter holder, the cutting edge of the first crushing cutter is a concave triangle, and the first crushing cutter faces the outer part of the annular cutter holder; the guide grooves extend along the arc direction in the outer wall of the annular cutter seat, and the two guide grooves are respectively positioned at two sides of the first crushing cutter and are communicated with the first crushing cutter;

the second crushing cutter is fixed on the annular cutter seat and extends along the radial direction; the second crushing cutter and the guide groove are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular cutter seat; and the second crushing knife and the guide groove which are positioned outside the two adjacent extrusion rollers are matched with each other so as to crush and crush the straws in the middle.

The technical scheme of the application has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, cutting the added straw into shorter straw by a straw cutting cylinder, then discharging the straw, conveying the straw to a crushing mechanism along a material conveying cylinder, further cutting the received straw into smaller blocks by the crushing mechanism, continuously conveying the smaller block-shaped straw obtained after cutting to a crushing roller, and continuously crushing the received smaller block-shaped straw by the crushing roller.

The straw cutting cylinder cuts the slender straw into shorter length, the crushing mechanism further cuts the shorter straw into smaller straw blocks, and finally the small straw blocks are crushed by the crushing roller to thoroughly crush the straw. In the process, the slender straw is crushed step by the material conveying cylinder, the crushing mechanism and the crushing roller in stages, so that the problem that the slender straw cannot be thoroughly crushed due to single crushing after being put into the crushing roller is avoided, and the straw is thoroughly crushed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straw pulverizing apparatus of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the straw cutting cylinder of the present application along the diameter direction.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the present application at the point indicated by reference a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the main cutter of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the crushing mechanism of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the present application at the point indicated by reference B in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pulverizing bowl of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the present application at the indication C in fig. 7.

1. A straw cutting cylinder; 11. a cylinder; 12. an auxiliary cutting knife; 121. a blade; 122. cutting off the groove; 123. a tool body; 13. a guide seat; 14. a cutter shaft; 15. a main cutter; 151. a cutter bar; 152. a support column; 153. a first cutting bit; 154. a second severing tool bit;

2. a frame; 3. a material conveying cylinder;

4. a crushing mechanism; 41. an operation rack; 42. a first motor; 43. lifting the transmission piece; 44. a guide post; 45. a lifting frame; 46. balancing weight; 47. a tool apron; 48. a feed hole; 49. a crushing cavity; 410. a crushing knife; 4101. a first cutting edge; 4102. a second cutting edge; 4103. a third cutting edge; 411. cutting off the groove; 412. a drain groove; 413. a material falling cavity;

5. crushing a roller; 51. a crushing box; 52. a cross beam; 53. a squeeze roll; 54. an annular crushing knife; 541. an annular tool apron; 542. a guide groove; 543. a first crushing cutter; 544. a second crushing cutter; 55. and a discharge gate.

Detailed Description

After grain collection of the crop, a large amount of crop straw remains. The current method for recycling crop straws is to crush the straws by straw crushing equipment and reuse the crushed straws as waste materials. When the straw is long, if the long straw is directly added into the straw crushing equipment at one time, the straw is difficult to be crushed thoroughly by single crushing due to the long length of the straw, so that the straw is not crushed thoroughly. For elongated straw, such as wheat straw, corn straw, thorough comminution is difficult to achieve.

To the technical problem, this embodiment provides a straw smashing device, referring to fig. 1, the straw smashing device includes frame 2 install straw cutting cylinder 1, material conveying cylinder 3, crushing mechanism 4 and crushing roller 5 in proper order from top to bottom in frame 2, straw cutting cylinder 1, crushing mechanism 4 and crushing roller 5 are all driven by the motor. Specifically, the straw cutting cylinder 1 is fixedly mounted at the top of the frame 2 by bolts, the material conveying cylinder 3 is fixedly arranged in the frame 2 by bolts and is positioned right below the straw cutting cylinder 1, the crushing mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged in the frame 2 by bolts and is positioned right below the material conveying cylinder 3, and the crushing roller 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame 2 by bolts and is positioned below the crushing mechanism 4. The material conveying cylinder 3 is a trapezoid frame, and the inside of the material conveying cylinder 3 is a cavity.

In the application, firstly, the straw cutting cylinder 1 cuts the added straw into straw with shorter length, then the straw is discharged and then conveyed to the crushing mechanism 4 along the material conveying cylinder 3, the crushing mechanism 4 further cuts the received straw into smaller blocky straws, the smaller blocky straws obtained after cutting are continuously conveyed to the crushing roller 5, and the crushing roller 5 continuously crushes the received smaller blocky straws.

The straw cutting cylinder 1 cuts the slender straw into shorter length, the crushing mechanism 4 further cuts the shorter straw into smaller straw blocks, and finally the small straw blocks are crushed by the crushing roller 5 to thoroughly crush the straw. In the process, the slender straw is crushed step by the material conveying cylinder 3, the crushing mechanism 4 and the crushing roller 5 in stages, so that the problem that the slender straw cannot be thoroughly crushed due to single crushing after being put into the crushing roller is avoided, and the straw is thoroughly crushed.

Referring to fig. 2, the straw cutting cylinder 1 includes a circular cylinder 11, a rectangular feed pipe 111 is fastened to the outer wall of the cylinder 11 by bolts in the lateral direction, and the outlet of the feed pipe 111 communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder 11. A rectangular discharge port 112 is formed in the bottom of the cylinder 11, the auxiliary cutter 12 is located between the feed pipe 111 and the discharge port 112, and the circular arc-shaped auxiliary cutter 12 is fixed to the inner side wall of the cylinder 11 by bolts. The top surface of the auxiliary cutter 12 is planar, and in this embodiment, the top surface of the auxiliary cutter 12 is aligned with the lower edge of the outlet of the feed pipe 111, facilitating the transfer of the straw along the feed pipe 111 onto the auxiliary cutter 12.

The cutter shaft 14 is coaxially inserted into the cylinder 11 along the axis of the cylinder 11, and both ends of the cutter shaft 14 are rotatably mounted in the cylinder 11. One end of the main cutter 15 is fixed to the cutter shaft 14 with a bolt, and the other end of the main cutter 15 extends to a position close to the auxiliary cutter 12 in the radial direction of the cylinder 11.

After the straw is inserted onto the top surface of the auxiliary cutter 12 along the cylinder 11, it continues to be inserted into the cylinder 11 in the radial direction of the cylinder 11. One end of the cutter shaft 14 is fixed on an output shaft of a motor, the cutter shaft 14 is driven when the motor rotates, the cutter shaft 14 drives the main cutter 15 to rotate, and one end of the main cutter 15, which is close to the auxiliary cutter 12, slides over the edge of the auxiliary cutter 12 when rotating. Referring to fig. 2, in the present application, the main cutter 15 rotates in a clockwise direction, and the main cutter 15 cuts the straw on the top surface of the auxiliary cutter 12 downward from the edge of the top surface of the auxiliary cutter 12 during the downward rotation.

The distance that the straw extends from the top surface of the auxiliary cutter 12 to the position close to the cutter shaft 14 is the length of the straw cut, i.e., the length of the straw obtained after cutting. According to the length of the straw to be crushed, the length of the straw extending from the top surface of the auxiliary cutting knife 12 along the length direction is adjusted, so that the length of the straw obtained after cutting is controlled, the length of the straw after being cut for the first time is effectively controlled, and the control of the straw crushing process is realized.

The circular arc-shaped guide seat 13 is fixed at the lower part of the inner cavity of the cylinder 11 by bolts, and the guide seat 13 is positioned on the inner wall of the cylinder 11 at the side opposite to the auxiliary cutting knife 12. The edge of the bottom of the guide seat 13 is abutted against the edge of one side of the discharge port 112. The plurality of main cutting blades 15 are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side of the cutter shaft 14 in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the number of main cutting blades 15 attached to the cutter shaft 14 is 4, and the arc angle between two adjacent main cutting blades 15 is 90 degrees.

In the radial direction of the cylinder 11, a gap exists between the edges of the main cutter 15 and the auxiliary cutter 12. The straw extends from the top surface of the auxiliary cutting knife 12 to the upper part of the gap, the main cutting knife 15 cuts the straw along the gap position in the rotating process from the edge position of the auxiliary cutting knife 12, then the straw slides downwards to the discharge hole 112 along the arc surface of the auxiliary cutting knife 12 under the action of the stirring down of the main cutting knife 15 and the gravity, and finally the straw falls down to the material conveying cylinder 3 from the discharge hole 112.

In this process, the main cutter 15 cuts the elongated straw into short straw segments along the circular arc direction of the auxiliary cutter 12 when rotated, so as to achieve preliminary crushing of the straw.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the main cutter 15 includes a rectangular cutter bar 151, a first cutter bit 153 is mounted on one end of the cutter bar 151 facing away from the cutter shaft 14 by a bolt, a second cutter bit 154 is bolted to one side of the cutter bar 151 along the length direction of the cutter bar 151, and a circular support post 152 is bolted to an end of the second cutter bit 154. A circular groove is formed in one side of the first cutting bit 153, the first cutting bit 153 is pressed against one end of the second cutting bit 154, and the support post 152 is supported in the groove. The first cutting bit 153 is fastened to the outer side of the support post 152. In the process of cutting the straw, the first cutting blade 153 and the second cutting blade 154 form a cutting structure, and the straw is cut. At the cut-off position of the straw, the first cutting blade 153 and the second cutting blade 154 apply downward cutting forces from both sides, respectively, cutting the straw into both ends along the cut-off position.

In the radial direction of the cylinder 11, the side of the first cutting insert 153 facing away from the axial center of the cylinder 11 is an arc-shaped first cutting edge. The side of the second severing bit 154 facing away from the shank 151 is an arcuate second severing edge. The first cutting blade and the second cutting blade adopt arc-shaped cutting blades, so that the first cutting tool bit and the second cutting tool bit can smoothly slide along the position to be cut in the straw cutting process, and the straw cutting device is favorable for smoothly cutting the straw.

The arc-shaped edge of the first cutting edge is butted with the arc-shaped edge of the second cutting edge. The edges of the first and second cutting edges form a cutting edge at the junction, which cuts into the straw in a downward direction and cuts into the straw with rotation of the main cutting blade 15 to cut the straw.

Referring to fig. 3, the auxiliary cutter 12 includes a circular arc-shaped cutter body 123, and a circular arc-shaped cutting groove 122 is formed in a side of the cutter body 123 facing away from the inner wall of the cylinder 11. The blade 121 is bolted to the side of the tool body 123 near one end of the feed tube 111, the blade 121 being at the entrance of the cutting groove 122, and the plurality of blades 121 being aligned along the circular arc of the cutting groove 122. The cutting edge 121 is triangular, and a portion of the cutting edge 121 near the tip of the tool body 123 has a large lateral dimension, and an end of the cutting edge 121 facing away from the tip of the tool body 123 is narrowed to a ridge line.

When the straw is placed on the top surface of the cutter body 123, a portion of the straw is protruded outside the top end of the cutter body 123 in the lateral direction, the lower side of the straw above the cutting groove 122 is in a suspended state, the first and second cutting bits 153 and 154 are longitudinally above the inclination of the cutting groove 122 during the rotation of the main cutting blade 15, the upper side of the straw is cut and divided into two ends after the first and second cutting bits 153 and 154 cut down into the straw,

as the main cutter 15 rotates, the straw is pressed down into the cutting groove 122 and onto the top surface of the blade 121 by the pressing action of the first and second cutter bits 153 and 154, and in this process, the first cutter bit 153 slides along the edge of the cutter body 123 to pass, and the blade 121 thoroughly cuts the straw from the lower side to achieve preliminary cutting of the straw, dividing the straw into shorter sections.

Referring to fig. 5, the crushing mechanism 4 includes a rectangular operation frame 41, a lifting frame 45 is an inverted concave frame, a top plate is provided on top of the lifting frame 45, and legs are vertically welded to a lower portion of the top plate. The lifting frame 45 is inserted into the operation frame 41 to slide in the vertical direction. A rectangular tool holder 47 is bolted to the bottom of the end of the lifting frame 45 that protrudes into the crushing chamber 49. A plurality of crushing blades 410 are bolted to the bottom surface of the blade holder 47.

The crushing mechanism 4 comprises a first motor 42, and the first motor 42 is vertically mounted on the operating frame 41 by bolts. A guide post 44 of a cylindrical shape is screw-vertically installed at the top end of the operation frame 41. The lifting transmission member 43 is pivoted at the top of the operation frame 41, one end of the lifting transmission member 43 is pivoted to the output shaft end of the first motor 42, and the other end of the lifting transmission member 43 is slidably sleeved on the guide post 44 and supported on the bottom surface of the top plate of the lifting frame 45.

Specifically, the lifting transmission member 43 includes a tilting rod 432, where the tilting rod 432 is a straight rod, and the tilting rod 432 is pivoted on the top surface of the operating frame 41. One end of the tilting rod 432 is obliquely welded with a wedge-shaped pressing rod 433, one end of the pressing rod 433 deviating from the tilting rod 432 is pivoted at the output shaft end of the first motor 42, a cylindrical supporting seat 431 is fixed at one end of the tilting rod 432 deviating from the pressing rod 433 by bolts, the supporting seat 431 is sleeved outside the guide post 44 in a sliding manner, and the upper end of the supporting seat 431 is propped against the bottom surface of the top plate of the lifting frame 45.

The rectangular crushing chamber 49 is opened in the operation frame 41 in the lateral direction, and the feed hole 48 is opened in the operation frame 41 in a direction inclined with respect to the standing direction. The feed hole 48 opens upwards and the outlet of the feed hole 48 communicates with the crushing chamber 49. The rectangular material drop chamber 413 is opened at the lower portion of the operation frame 41, and is respectively communicated with the cutoff slot 411 and the drain slot 412.

The lower outlet of the material transfer drum 3 is aligned with the inlet of the feed hole 48.

After the straw has been cut into short straw sections, the straw sections drop from the feed cylinder 3 down into the feed hole 48, and then slide down along the feed hole 48 into the crushing chamber 49 and directly below the knife holder 47.

The first motor 42 is a linear motor, the first motor 42 drives the lifting transmission member 43 to rotate in the longitudinal direction, one end of the lifting transmission member 43 drives the lifting frame 45 to lift along the longitudinal direction, the lifting frame 45 drives the tool apron 47 to lift or descend in the longitudinal direction, and the tool apron 47 presses the crushing tool 410 downwards onto the cut straws in the descending process to cut the straws into smaller pieces.

The crushing blades 410 may be densely distributed on the bottom surface of the tool apron 47 in a matrix manner, that is, a dense cutting matrix is formed by a plurality of crushing blades 410, the lateral distance between two adjacent crushing blades 410 is set to be very small, and the two adjacent crushing blades 410 can radially cut the straw from a very close position, so that the straw is cut into pieces as small as possible, and the straw is crushed.

The weight 46 is bolted to the top surface of the holder 47. The weight 46 is made of metal, such as iron, and the weight of the weight 46 can be adjusted according to the requirement, so as to adjust the downward acting force exerted by the tool apron 47 on the straw, thereby adapting to cutting of the straw with various hardness.

Referring to fig. 5, a rectangular cutting slot 411 is formed in the lower portion of the operation frame 41 along the standing direction, and a drain slot 412 is formed in a direction inclined with respect to the standing direction. The cut-off slots 411 and the drain slots 412 are in one-to-one correspondence, and a plurality of cut-off slots 411 and drain slots 412 are spaced apart on the bottom surface of the crushing chamber 49.

The cutoff slot 411 and the drain slot 412 are located directly below the crushing blade 410 in the standing direction. The crushing blade 410 presses and cuts the straw as the blade holder 47 moves downward, cutting it into smaller pieces of straw. Straw is cut off under the downward force of the crushing knife 410 and then enters the cutting tank 411 and the draining tank 412, and falls down into the material falling cavity 413, and then falls down along the material falling cavity 413 into the crushing roller 5, and the received straw blocks are crushed further by the crushing roller 5.

Referring to fig. 6, the crushing blade 410 includes a wedge-shaped first cutting blade 4101 and a trapezoid-shaped third cutting blade 4103, and a triangular second cutting blade 4102 is provided between the first cutting blade 4101 and the third cutting blade 4103. The first cutting blade 4101 and the cutting slot 411 are aligned in the longitudinal direction, and the third cutting blade 4103 and the drain slot 412 are aligned.

When the first cutting blade 4101 and the trapezoid third cutting blade 4103 move downward, they are pressed down to different positions of the straw, and the straw is cut into two ends under the action of longitudinal extrusion, and the two cut straws drop into the cutting slot 411 and the draining slot 412, respectively, so that the straw is cut into smaller blocks.

The density of the first and third cutting blades 4101 and 4103 may be increased as needed, and the first and third cutting blades 4101 and 4103 may be set to a small volume, and a single straw block may be simultaneously subjected to simultaneous downward cutting by the plurality of first and third cutting blades 4101 and 4103, thereby being cut into small blocks. That is, the volumes and the number of the single first cutting blade 4101 and the single third cutting blade 4103 are adjusted to divide the straw pieces into small volumes, thereby facilitating the crushing of the straw.

The longitudinal dimension of the first cutting edge 4101 is larger than the longitudinal dimension of the third cutting edge 4103, so that when the first cutting edge 4101 contacts the straw downwards, a large extrusion force can be applied to the straw, and the first cutting edge 4101 has a wedge-shaped structure, which is beneficial to cutting into the straw and cutting the straw.

After the first cutting blade 4101 and the third cutting blade 4103 cut into the straw from the upper side and the lower side, respectively, the straw at the middle position is extruded into the second cutting blade 4102, and the concave portion of the second cutting blade 4102 forms a cutting ridge line, so that the straw block can be divided to realize the cutting of the straw.

Referring to fig. 7, the pulverizing bowl 5 includes a pulverizing box 51, a rectangular cross member 52 is fixed in the pulverizing box 51 in a lateral direction, a plurality of squeeze rollers 53 are rotatably mounted on the cross member 52, and the squeeze rollers 53 are distributed along a length direction of the cross member 52. An annular crushing blade 54 is mounted on the outer periphery of the pressing roller 53 with bolts.

In the present embodiment, the annular crushing blades 54 provided on the adjacent two pressing rollers 53 are radially adjacent to each other, and the gap in the radial direction between the adjacent two annular crushing blades 54 is adjusted according to the degree to which the straw is crushed, or the two annular crushing blades 54 are completely engaged together.

When the radial clearance between the two annular crushing cutters 54 is increased, the straw with larger granularity can be allowed to pass through the clearance, so that the crushing degree of the annular crushing cutters 54 on the straw is relatively low. In contrast, when the radial gap between the two annular crushing blades 54 is reduced, the straw is crushed into small pieces as it passes through the radial gap between the adjacent two annular crushing blades 54, thereby achieving more thorough crushing of the straw. That is, the radial gap between the adjacent two squeeze rolls 53 is adjusted so that the squeeze rolls 53 crush the straw into a desired size when rotated.

The crushing roller 5 is used for crushing the received straw blocks so as to thoroughly crush the straw, and is specifically as follows.

Referring to fig. 8, the annular crushing blade 54 includes a circular annular blade holder 541, a first crushing blade 543 is bolted in the annular blade holder 541, and the blade edge of the first crushing blade 543 is a concave triangle. The first crushing blade 543 is directed toward the outside of the annular blade holder 541, i.e., the direction of the blade edge of the first crushing blade 543 is directed away from the axial center of the pressing roller 53 in the radial direction of the pressing roller 53.

The guide grooves 542 are wedge-shaped grooves, the guide grooves 542 are recessed from the surface of the annular cutter holder 541 in the annular cutter holder 541, and the guide grooves 542 extend in the circular arc direction in the outer wall of the annular cutter holder 541, with the two guide grooves 542 being on both sides of the first crushing cutter 543, respectively, and one port of the guide grooves 542 being communicated to the end of the blade edge of the first crushing cutter 543. A cutting structure is formed by the two guide grooves 542 and the cutting edges of the ends of the first crushing cutter 543.

The second crushing blade 544 is bolted to the annular blade seat 541 and extends in a radial direction of the annular blade seat 541. The end of the second crushing cutter 544 facing away from the center of the annular cutter 541 in the radial direction of the annular cutter 541 is triangular.

During rotation of the adjacent two pressing rollers 53, when the radially adjacent two annular tool holders 541 are in rotation, the second crushing tool 544 on one annular tool holder 541 is aligned radially with the guide slot 542 on the adjacent other annular tool holder 541, and the second crushing tool 544 presses the straw in the transverse direction, the straw is pushed into the opposite guide slot 542.

After the straw is extruded to the guide groove 542 and the first crushing cutter 543, the cutting edge of the first crushing cutter 543 cuts one side of the contacted straw in the radial direction, the second crushing cutter 544 cuts the contacted straw from the other side, and the straw is cut in two directions from two sides by the first crushing cutter 543 and the second crushing cutter 544, so that the straw is divided into smaller sizes, and crushing of the straw is realized.

The smaller sized straw obtained after being divided slides down along the guide groove 542. In this process, the two guide grooves 542 limit the positions of the straw so as to facilitate the cutting of the straw by the blade of the first crushing cutter 543.

On the same annular cutter holder 541, a plurality of second crushing cutters 544 and first crushing cutters 543 are provided for each annular cutter holder 541, the second crushing cutters 544 and the first crushing cutters 543 being arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular cutter holder 541. And the second crushing cutter 544 and the first crushing cutter 543 located outside the adjacent two pressing rollers 53 are matched with each other, thereby facilitating the two annular crushing cutters 54 to crush the straw in the middle.

While the application has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the application and are intended to be within the scope of the application as claimed.

Claims

1. The straw crushing device comprises a frame and is characterized in that a straw cutting cylinder, a material conveying cylinder, a crushing mechanism and a crushing roller are sequentially arranged in the frame from top to bottom;

a cutting groove is formed in the lower part of the operation frame along the standing direction, and a draining groove is formed in the lower part of the operation frame along the direction inclined relative to the standing direction; the cutting grooves and the draining grooves are in one-to-one correspondence, and are positioned right below the crushing knife in the setting direction; the crushing knife presses the straw down to the cutting groove and the draining groove along the standing direction and divides the straw into smaller straw blocks;

the crushing roller is used for crushing the received straw blocks so as to thoroughly crush the straw; the crushing roller comprises a crushing box, a cross beam is transversely fixed in the crushing box, a plurality of extrusion rollers are rotatably arranged on the cross beam, and an annular crushing knife is arranged on the periphery of the extrusion rollers; the annular crushing cutters arranged on the two adjacent extrusion rollers crush the straws in the middle when rotating;

the annular crushing cutter comprises an annular cutter seat; a first crushing cutter is fixed in the annular cutter holder, the cutting edge of the first crushing cutter is a concave triangle, and the first crushing cutter faces the outer part of the annular cutter holder; the guide grooves extend along the arc direction in the outer wall of the annular cutter seat, and the two guide grooves are respectively positioned at two sides of the first crushing cutter and are communicated with the first crushing cutter;

the second crushing cutter is fixed on the annular cutter seat and extends along the radial direction; the second crushing cutter and the first crushing cutter are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular cutter seat; and the second crushing knife and the first crushing knife which are positioned outside the two adjacent extrusion rollers are matched with each other so as to crush and crush the straws in the middle;

the auxiliary cutting knife comprises a circular arc-shaped cutter body, and a circular arc-shaped cutting groove is formed in one side, away from the inner wall of the cylinder, of the cutter body; the cutting edges are fixed on the side surface of one end, close to the feed pipe, of the cutter body and are positioned at the inlet of the cutting groove, and the cutting edges are arranged along the arc direction of the cutting groove;

the main cutting knife comprises a knife bar, and the first cutting knife head is arranged at one end of the knife bar, which is far away from the knife shaft, by using a bolt; the second cutting tool bit is fixed on one side of the tool bar along the length direction of the tool bar; the round support column is arranged at the end part of the second cutting tool bit; the first cutting tool bit is pressed at one end part of the second cutting tool bit, and the first cutting tool bit is buckled at the outer side of the support column;

in the radial direction of the cylinder, one side of the first cutting tool bit, which is far away from the axis of the cylinder, is an arc-shaped first cutting edge; the side of the second cutting tool bit, which is far away from the tool bar, is an arc-shaped second cutting edge; the arc-shaped edge of the first cutting edge is butted with the arc-shaped edge of the second cutting edge.

2. The straw pulverizing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a feed pipe is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder in the transverse direction, and a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the cylinder; the auxiliary cutting knife is positioned between the feeding pipe and the discharging hole; the circular arc-shaped guide seat is arranged on the inner wall of one side, opposite to the auxiliary cutting knife, of the lower part of the inner cavity of the cylinder body; the plurality of main cutting blades are uniformly arranged on the cutter shaft circumferential side in the circumferential direction.

3. The straw pulverizing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pulverizing mechanism comprises a first motor vertically mounted on the operating frame; the guide post is vertically arranged at the top end of the operation frame; the lifting transmission piece is arranged at the top of the operation frame, one end of the lifting transmission piece is connected to the output shaft end of the first motor, and the other end of the lifting transmission piece is slidably sleeved on the guide post and is supported on the bottom surface of the top plate of the lifting frame; the balancing weight is arranged on the top surface of the tool apron.

4. A straw pulverizing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the crushing chamber is laterally open in the operating frame; the feeding hole is arranged in the operation frame along the direction inclined relative to the standing direction; the opening of the feeding hole is upward, and the outlet of the feeding hole is communicated with the crushing cavity; the material dropping cavity is arranged at the lower part of the operation frame and is respectively communicated with the cutting groove and the draining groove.

5. The straw pulverizing apparatus of claim 1, wherein said crushing blade includes a wedge-shaped first cutting edge and a trapezoid-shaped third cutting edge; and a second cutting blade having a triangular shape between the first cutting blade and the third cutting blade.