CN116365781A

CN116365781A - Driving mechanism and automobile

Info

Publication number: CN116365781A
Application number: CN202310189516.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周明
Original assignee: Shanghai Automobile Gear Works
Current assignee: Shanghai Automobile Gear Works
Priority date: 2023-02-28
Filing date: 2023-02-28
Publication date: 2023-06-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a driving mechanism and an automobile, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a first carbon brush and a second carbon brush; the motor comprises a motor box body and a motor shaft, one end of the motor shaft extends out of the motor box body to form an output end, and the other end of the motor shaft is rotatably arranged in the motor box body through a first bearing; the speed reducer comprises a speed reducing box body and a speed reducing shaft, and the speed reducing shaft is connected with the output end; the first carbon brush is arranged on the motor shaft and is positioned on one side, far away from the output end, of the first bearing, and the first carbon brush is in contact with the motor box body; the second carbon brush is arranged on the speed reduction shaft and is contacted with the speed reduction box body, so that the motor shaft, the first carbon brush, the motor box body, the speed reduction box body, the second carbon brush and the speed reduction shaft are conducted to form a conductive loop. The invention aims to solve the problems of accelerated bearing wear and reduced service life caused by the generation of induced current.

Description

Driving mechanism and automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to the technical field of power systems, and particularly relates to a driving mechanism and an automobile.

Background

In the new energy automobile industry, a driving motor is developed towards the directions of high speed, light weight and low cost, the switching frequency is controlled to be higher and higher, a common mode voltage is generated at the motor end mainly by capacitor discharge current and high-frequency loop current, when voltage exists on a motor shaft, the common mode voltage can overcome the insulation effect of a bearing lubricating film, so that current flows and is transmitted to a bearing, and electric spark machining (EDM) is caused to the bearing, so that the bearing is worn out prematurely and finally early faults are caused, and the service life of the bearing is influenced; there are many schemes in the field of industrial motors to solve the above problems, such as adopting materials for replacing bearings, so that the bearings cannot conduct electricity, but the scheme has high manufacturing cost and is not suitable for comprehensive popularization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a driving mechanism and an automobile, and aims to solve the problems of accelerated bearing wear and reduced service life caused by the generation of induced current.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a driving mechanism, comprising:

the motor comprises a motor box body and a motor shaft, one end of the motor shaft extends out of the motor box body to form an output end, and the other end of the motor shaft is rotatably arranged in the motor box body through a first bearing;

the speed reducer comprises a speed reducing box body and a speed reducing shaft, and the speed reducing shaft is connected with the output end;

the first carbon brush is arranged on the motor shaft and is positioned on one side, far away from the output end, of the first bearing, and the first carbon brush is in contact with the motor box body; the method comprises the steps of,

the second carbon brush is arranged on the speed reduction shaft and is contacted with the speed reduction box body, so that the motor shaft, the first carbon brush, the motor box body, the speed reduction box body, the second carbon brush and the speed reduction shaft are conducted to form a conductive loop.

Optionally, a first conductive boss is arranged at one end of the motor shaft, far away from the speed reduction shaft, and the first carbon brush is arranged on the first conductive boss; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

and a second conductive boss is arranged at one end, far away from the motor shaft, of the speed reducing shaft, and the second carbon brush is arranged on the second conductive boss.

Optionally, the motor box body includes a motor cover plate and a motor housing, and the motor cover plate is covered at the end of the motor housing, which is close to the first carbon brush;

the first carbon brush is contacted with the motor cover plate to form a first induced current transmission point;

the drive mechanism further includes a first wire having one end connected to the motor housing and the other end connected to the first induced current transfer point.

Optionally, the reduction gearbox comprises a reduction cover plate and a reduction shell, and the reduction cover plate is covered on the end part, close to the second carbon brush, of the reduction shell;

the second carbon brush is contacted with the speed reduction cover plate to form a second induced current transmission point;

the drive mechanism further includes a second wire having one end connected to the motor housing and the other end connected to the second induced current transfer point.

Optionally, the motor further includes a first sealing member, where the first sealing member is disposed between the first carbon brush and the first bearing; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the speed reducer further comprises a second sealing piece and a second bearing, the second bearing is sleeved at one end, far away from the motor, of the speed reducing shaft, the speed reducing shaft is rotatably installed in the speed reducing box body through the second bearing, and the second sealing piece is arranged between the second carbon brush and the second bearing.

Optionally, a clamping cavity is formed at one end of the speed reducing shaft, which is close to the motor;

and a clamping section is formed at one end of the motor shaft, which is close to the speed reducer, and is matched with the clamping cavity so as to connect the speed reducing shaft and the motor shaft.

Optionally, the driving mechanism further includes a conductive component, the conductive component includes a conductive portion sleeved on the clamping section and two sealing rings, and the conductive portion is disposed between the two sealing rings.

Optionally, the conductive part includes a conductive elastic ring, and the conductive elastic ring is sleeved on the clamping section and fills the clamping cavity.

Optionally, the conductive elastic ring is made of copper.

In addition, the invention also provides an automobile, which comprises the driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism comprises:

In the technical scheme of the invention, the induction current circulates on the conductive loop through forming the conductive loop on the motor and the speed reducer, so that the induction current is prevented from being concentrated on the motor shaft, and the service life of the first bearing is prolonged; specifically, the induced current starts from the motor shaft and is transferred to the first carbon brush, the first carbon brush is in contact with the motor box body, then the induced current is transferred to the motor box body, the motor box body is in contact with the reduction box body, then the induced current is transferred to the reduction box body, the reduction box body transfers the induced current to the second carbon brush, and the second carbon brush transfers the induced current to the reduction shaft.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a driving mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the conductive portion in FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the conductive portion in fig. 1.

Reference numerals illustrate:

reference numerals	Name of the name	Reference numerals	Name of the name
				100	Driving mechanism	212	Deceleration cover plate
1	Motor with a motor housing	22	Speed reducing shaft
				11	Motor box	221	Clamping cavity
111	Motor shell	23	Second carbon brush
				112	Motor cover plate	24	Second bearing
12	Motor shaft	25	Second conductive boss
				121	Clamping section	26	Second sealing member
13	First carbon brush	3	First wire
				14	First bearing	4	Second conducting wire
15	First conductive boss	5	Sealing ring
				16	First sealing member	6	Conductive part
2	Speed reducer	61	A first contact surface
				21	Reduction gearbox body	62	Second contact surface
211	Speed reduction shell	63	Conductive elastic ring

The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout includes three parallel schemes, for example "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.

In view of this, the present invention provides a driving mechanism, and fig. 1 is an embodiment of the driving mechanism provided by the present invention, and the driving mechanism is mainly described below with reference to the specific drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the driving mechanism 100 includes a motor 1, a speed reducer 2, a first carbon brush 13 and a second carbon brush 23; the motor 1 comprises a motor box 11 and a motor shaft 12, one end of the motor shaft 12 extends to the outside of the motor box 11 to form an output end, and the other end of the motor shaft 12 is rotatably arranged on the motor box 11 through a first bearing 14; the speed reducer 2 comprises a speed reduction box body 21 and a speed reduction shaft 22, and the speed reduction shaft 22 is connected with the output end; the first carbon brush 13 is disposed on the motor shaft 12 and on a side of the first bearing 14 away from the output end, and the first carbon brush 13 is in contact with the motor housing 11; the second carbon brush 23 is disposed on the reduction shaft 22 and is in contact with the reduction gearbox 21, so that the motor shaft 12, the first carbon brush 13, the motor gearbox 11, the reduction gearbox 21, the second carbon brush 23, and the reduction shaft 22 are conducted to form a conductive loop.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the induction current circulates on the conductive loop through forming the conductive loop on the motor 1 and the speed reducer 2, so that the concentration of the induction current on the motor shaft 12 is avoided, and the service life of the first bearing 14 is prolonged; specifically, the induced current starts from the motor shaft 12 and is transferred to the first carbon brush 13, the first carbon brush 13 is in contact with the motor box 11, then the induced current is transferred to the motor box 11, the motor box 11 is in contact with the reduction box 21, then the induced current is transferred to the reduction box 21, the reduction box 21 transfers the induced current to the second carbon brush 23, the second carbon brush 23 transfers the induced current to the reduction shaft 22, and the reduction shaft 22 is connected with the motor shaft 12, so that the induced current is transferred to the motor shaft 12, the first carbon brush 13, the motor box 11, the reduction box 21, the second carbon brush 23 and the reduction shaft 22 are conducted to form a conductive loop, and the induced current is circulated on the conductive loop in a closed loop mode, thereby avoiding the concentration of the induced current on the motor shaft 12, breakdown of the lubricating oil on the first bearing 14 and transfer to the first bearing 14, and the accelerated wear of the first bearing 14.

In this embodiment, the purpose of selecting the first carbon brush 13 is: because the material of the motor shaft 12 is a metal material, the material of the motor housing 11 is also a metal material, when the metal-to-metal friction is conductive, the friction force may be increased, the long-time use may cause sintering at the junction place, which affects the performance of the motor 1, while the material of the first carbon brush 13 is a non-metal material, which does not sinter with the motor housing 11, and the conductive performance of the first carbon brush 13 is good, and the service life is long.

Similarly, the materials of the reduction gearbox 21 and the reduction shaft 22 are metal materials, when the metal is conductive to the metal friction, the friction force may be increased, the place where the friction is caused by long-time use is sintered together, the performance of the motor 1 is affected, the material of the second carbon brush 23 is a non-metal material, the sintering with the motor gearbox 11 is avoided, the conductivity of the second carbon brush 23 is good, and the service life is long.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, the end of the motor shaft 12 away from the reduction shaft 22 is provided with a first conductive boss 15, and the first carbon brush 13 is disposed on the first conductive boss 15, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the transmission of the induced current, the motor shaft 12 is further provided with a first conductive boss 15, and the diameter of the first conductive boss 15 is smaller than that of the motor shaft 12, specifically, one purpose of the first conductive boss 15 is to facilitate the contact between the first carbon brush 13 and the motor housing 11, and another purpose is to make the first carbon brush 13 be as far away from the first bearing 14 as possible, so as to avoid the conduction of the first bearing 14.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, a second conductive boss 25 is disposed at an end of the deceleration shaft 22 away from the motor shaft 12, and the second carbon brush 23 is disposed on the second conductive boss 25. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the transmission of the induced current, the reduction shaft 22 is further provided with a second conductive boss 25, where the diameter of the second conductive boss 25 is smaller than that of the reduction shaft 22, specifically, one purpose of the second conductive boss 25 is to facilitate the contact between the second carbon brush 23 and the reduction gearbox 21, and another purpose is to make the second carbon brush 23 be far away from the second bearing 24 as far as possible, so as to avoid the conduction of the second bearing 24.

Referring to fig. 4, the motor housing 11 includes a motor cover 112 and a motor housing 111, wherein the motor cover 112 is disposed on an end portion of the motor housing 111 near the first carbon brush 13; it should be noted that, the frequency of the induced current tends to be very high, often in several giga-meters or even several tens of giga-meters, when the induced current with a large frequency walks on the motor cover plate 112 and the motor housing 111, the motor housing 111 and other parts in the motor cover plate 112 will be affected, and EMC effects will be generated, so in order to avoid such situations, a conductive loop with a smaller transmission path needs to be formed, and the first carbon brush 13 is in contact with the motor cover plate 112 to form a first induced current transmission point; the driving mechanism 100 further includes a first wire 3, one end of the first wire 3 is connected to the motor housing 111, and the other end is connected to the first induced current transfer point. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the transmission route of the induced current on the motor 1 is: the motor shaft 12 transfers the induced current to the first conductive boss 15, the first conductive boss 15 transfers the induced current to the first carbon brush 13, the first carbon brush 13 transfers the induced current to the first conductive wire 3, and the first conductive wire 3 transfers the induced current to the motor housing 111, so as to realize the transfer of the induced current on the motor 1, and it needs to be explained that the arrangement of the first conductive wire 3 is equivalent to short-circuiting the motor cover plate 112, the induced current is directly transferred from the first conductive wire 3, does not pass through the motor cover plate 112 any more, and reduces the transfer route of the induced current on the motor 1.

With continued reference to fig. 4, the reduction gearbox includes a reduction cover plate 212 and a reduction housing 211, where the reduction cover plate 212 is covered on an end portion of the reduction housing 211, which is close to the second carbon brush 23; similarly, when the large-frequency induced current walks on the speed reduction cover plate 212 and the speed reduction housing 211, the speed reduction housing 211 and other parts in the speed reduction cover plate 212 are affected to generate EMC effect, so in order to avoid such a situation, a conductive loop with a smaller transmission path needs to be formed in the speed reducer 2, and the second carbon brush 23 is contacted with the speed reduction cover plate 212 to form a second induced current transmission point; the driving mechanism 100 further includes a second wire 4, one end of the second wire 4 is connected to the motor housing 111, and the other end is connected to the second induced current transfer point. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the transmission route of the induced current on the decelerator 2 is: the motor housing 111 transmits the induced current to the speed reduction housing 211, the speed reduction housing 211 transmits the induced current to the second conductive wire 4, the second conductive wire 4 transmits the induced current to the second carbon brush 23, and the second carbon brush 23 transmits the induced current to the speed reduction shaft 22, so as to realize the transmission of the induced current on the speed reducer 2, and it is required to say that the arrangement of the second conductive wire 4 is equivalent to short-circuiting the speed reduction cover plate 212, the induced current is directly transmitted from the second conductive wire 4, and does not pass through the speed reduction cover plate 212 any more, so that the transmission route of the induced current on the speed reducer 2 is reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, the first wire 3 and the second wire 4 are preferably high-frequency braided wires.

It should be noted that, the purpose of the first carbon brush 13 is to transmit the induced current to the motor housing 11, the motor shaft 12 is rotatably mounted in the motor housing 11 through the first bearing 14, and to ensure the performance of the first bearing 14, it is often necessary to smear lubricant on the first bearing 14 to ensure smooth rotation, typically, the lubricant used in the first bearing 14 is insulating oil, and in order to avoid the transmission of the induced current to the first bearing 14, the first bearing 14 is subjected to spark machining, so, in order to avoid the lubricant flowing to the first carbon brush 13, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the motor 1 further includes a first seal 16, where the first seal 16 is disposed between the first carbon brush 13 and the first bearing 14; in this way, the lubricating oil on the first bearing 14 can be prevented from flowing to the first carbon brush 13, and the conductivity of the first carbon brush 13 is prevented from being affected.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the speed reducer 2 further includes a second bearing 24, the second bearing 24 is sleeved on an end of the speed reducing shaft 22 away from the motor 1, so that the speed reducing shaft 22 is rotatably mounted on the speed reducing box 21 through the second bearing 24, and similarly, in order to avoid the lubricating oil on the second bearing 24 flowing to the second carbon brush 23, in this embodiment, the speed reducer 2 further includes a second sealing member 26, and the second sealing member 26 is disposed between the second carbon brush 23 and the second bearing 24. In this way, not only the lubrication performance of the second bearing 24 can be ensured, but also the lubrication oil on the second bearing 24 can be prevented from flowing to the second carbon brush 23, and the conductivity of the second carbon brush 23 is prevented from being affected.

Further, in an embodiment, the first seal 16 and the second seal 26 are each preferably O-ring seals 5.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the connection mode between the reduction shaft 22 and the motor shaft 12 is not limited, as long as the motor 1 can drive the reducer 2 to drive, in this embodiment, a clamping cavity 221 is formed at one end of the reduction shaft 22 near the motor 1 in consideration of the transmission of the induced current; a clamping section 121 is formed at one end of the motor shaft 12, which is close to the speed reducer 2, and the clamping section 121 is matched with the clamping cavity 221 to connect the speed reducing shaft 22 and the motor shaft 12. The arrangement ensures the transmission function of the motor shaft 12 and the reduction shaft 22, and can transmit the induction current from the reduction shaft 22 to the motor shaft 12, thereby realizing a conductive loop.

Specifically, in order to ensure stability of transmission of the induction circuit, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism 100 further includes a conductive component, where the conductive component includes a conductive portion 6 sleeved on the clamping section 121 and two sealing rings 5, and the conductive portion 6 is disposed between the two sealing rings 5. In order to ensure the rotation stability of the motor shaft 12 and the reduction shaft 22, a third bearing is often added to the reduction shaft 22 and the motor shaft 12 respectively (i.e., a third bearing is sleeved on one end of the motor shaft 12 away from the first carbon brush 13, a third bearing is sleeved on one end of the reduction shaft 22 away from the second carbon brush 23), the reduction shaft 22 and the motor shaft 12 conduct electricity through the conductive portion 6, and in order to avoid the lubrication oil on the third bearing flowing to the conductive portion 6, in an embodiment, the conductive portion 6 is provided in two sealing rings 5, and the sealing rings 5 seal and block to avoid the lubrication oil flowing to the conductive portion 6, thereby affecting the transmission of the induced current to the motor shaft 12 by the reduction shaft 22.

Specifically, the specific type of the conductive portion 6 is not limited, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 6, a first contact surface 61 is formed on the clamping section 121, a second contact surface 62 is formed in the clamping cavity 221, and the first contact surface 61 is directly contacted with the second contact surface 62, so that the conductive portion 6 is formed, so that an induced current is transmitted from the reduction shaft 22 to the motor shaft 12; as a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the first contact surface 61 and the second contact surface 62 are both cylindrical contact surfaces.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the conductive portion 6 includes a conductive elastic ring 63, and the conductive elastic ring 63 is sleeved on the clamping section 121 and fills the clamping cavity 221. Specifically, the reduction shaft 22 transfers the induced current to the conductive elastic ring 63, and the conductive elastic ring 63 transfers the induced current to the motor shaft 12, and it should be noted that, the conductive elastic ring 63 is provided to not only transfer the induced current, but also fill between the clamping cavity 221 and the clamping section 121, so as to ensure the stability of the connection between the reduction shaft 22 and the motor shaft 12, and in addition, even if part of lubricating oil leaks between the two seal rings 5, the transfer of the induced current can be further realized due to the presence of the conductive elastic ring 63.

In this embodiment, in order to ensure the electrical conductivity of the conductive elastic ring 63, the conductive elastic ring 63 is preferably made of copper.

In addition, the invention also provides an automobile, which comprises the driving mechanism 100; the specific structure of the driving mechanism 100 refers to the above-described embodiment; because the automobile adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, the automobile has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiments, and the description is omitted here.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drive mechanism, comprising:

2. The drive mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a first conductive boss is provided on an end of the motor shaft remote from the reduction shaft, and the first carbon brush is provided on the first conductive boss; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

3. The drive mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the motor case includes a motor cover plate and a motor housing, the motor cover plate being provided at an end of the motor housing near the first carbon brush;

4. The drive mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the reduction gearbox includes a reduction cover plate and a reduction housing, the reduction cover plate being provided on an end portion of the reduction housing near the second carbon brush;

5. The drive mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the motor further includes a first seal member provided between the first carbon brush and the first bearing; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

6. The drive mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a click-on cavity is formed at one end of the reduction shaft near the motor;

7. The drive mechanism of claim 6, further comprising a conductive assembly including a conductive portion and two sealing rings, the conductive portion being disposed between the two sealing rings, the conductive portion being disposed around the clamping section.

8. The drive mechanism of claim 7, wherein the conductive portion comprises a conductive elastic ring that is sleeved over the clamping section and fills the clamping cavity.

9. The drive mechanism of claim 8, wherein the conductive elastomeric ring comprises copper.

10. An automobile comprising the drive mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.