CN116360330B - Open channel flow measurement method and system based on multichannel ultrasonic array - Google Patents
Open channel flow measurement method and system based on multichannel ultrasonic array Download PDFInfo
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
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- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/002—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow wherein the flow is in an open channel
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- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
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- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
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- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of information, in particular to an open channel flow measurement method and system based on a multichannel ultrasonic array. The method comprises the following steps: measuring the liquid to be measured by using liquid level measuring equipment so as to obtain liquid level data; acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data so as to obtain an open channel gate historical data set; acquiring real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, and calculating the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data so as to obtain open channel gate mode data; and calculating according to the open channel gate instruction data, so as to obtain an open channel gate mode, and sending the open channel gate mode to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation. The intelligent control and management of the open channel gate operation and the like are realized by adopting an intelligent data analysis technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information, in particular to an open channel flow measurement method and system based on a multichannel ultrasonic array.
Background
With the development of economy and the increase of population, the utilization efficiency of water resources has become one of the focus of social attention. The water conservancy open channel gate is an important component of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and the open channel gate is used for controlling flow and regulating water level so as to reduce or eliminate flood disasters, meet the living and production demands of people, and play an important role in flood control, waterlogging control, agricultural irrigation, hydroelectric power generation, shipping traffic, ecological environment protection and the like. The water conservancy open channel gate needs strict operation management and control while guaranteeing water resource utilization.
The traditional open channel flow measurement method mainly depends on manual operation, and has the defects of limited control precision and high labor cost. Moreover, under a complex water flow environment, the traditional measuring method is difficult to realize intelligent management of water flow, and the open channel gate cannot be effectively controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an open channel flow measurement method and system based on a multichannel ultrasonic array to solve at least one technical problem.
In order to achieve the above object, an open channel flow measurement method based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array is applied to a multi-channel ultrasonic flow rate measurement device, wherein the multi-channel ultrasonic flow rate measurement device comprises an ultrasonic sensor; the liquid level measuring device comprises a shell, an induction panel, a data transmission module, a power supply battery and a singlechip, wherein the induction panel, the singlechip, the data transmission module and the power supply battery are arranged in the shell; the shell is used for protecting equipment; the sensing panel comprises a plurality of sensing areas, a plurality of sensing capacitance conversion circuits, a liquid level measuring electrode, a liquid reference electrode, an environment reference electrode and a capacitance-to-digital converter, and the data transmission module is used for realizing communication between the liquid level measuring equipment and the data server, so that the liquid level measuring equipment transmits measured data to the data server through a wireless network; the power supply battery is used for supplying power to the liquid level measurement equipment; the single chip microcomputer is of a 32-bit processor architecture and is used for collecting, processing and transmitting liquid level data, and analog signals collected by the induction panel are converted into digital signals through a built-in capacitance-digital converter; the open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array comprises the following steps:
Step S1: measuring the liquid to be measured by using liquid level measuring equipment so as to obtain liquid level data;
step S2: acquiring open channel gate structure data, acquiring open channel gate layering flow rate data through a multichannel ultrasonic flow rate measuring device, and calculating the open channel gate layering flow rate data and liquid level data so as to acquire open channel flow rate data; constructing an open channel gate switching formula according to the open channel gate structure data, the open channel gate layering flow rate data, the open channel flow rate data and the liquid level data, wherein the open channel gate switching formula specifically comprises:
；
is an open channel gate threshold value->Is the liquid level value of the front side of the open channel gate, < + >>Is the liquid level value of the back side of the open channel gate, < + >>Is the weight of the open channel gate>For the volume of open channel gate->Is an open channel flow value;
step S3: acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data so as to obtain an open channel gate historical data set;
step S4: constructing an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate according to the open channel gate open-close formula and by utilizing the historical data set of the open channel gate;
step S5: acquiring real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, and calculating the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data so as to obtain open channel gate instruction data;
Step S6: and calculating according to the open channel gate instruction data, so as to obtain an open channel gate mode, and sending the open channel gate mode to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation.
According to the invention, the liquid to be measured is measured by using the liquid level measuring equipment, so that the workload of manual measurement can be reduced, the working efficiency is improved, the operation risk is reduced, and the accuracy and the authenticity of liquid level data can be increased, thereby obtaining the liquid level data; acquiring open channel gate structure data, acquiring open channel gate layering flow rate data through a multichannel ultrasonic flow rate measuring device, and calculating the open channel gate layering flow rate data and liquid level data so as to acquire open channel flow rate data; constructing an open channel gate switching formula according to the open channel gate structure data, the open channel gate layering flow rate data, the open channel flow rate data and the liquid level data, wherein the construction of the open channel gate switching formula can improve the switching control precision and stability of the open channel gate, so that the open channel gate switching formula is obtained; acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data to obtain an open channel gate historical data set, wherein the open channel gate historical data set can provide a reference basis for an intelligent water conservancy open channel gate control system, so that the accuracy and efficiency of the system are improved; according to an open channel gate switching formula and by utilizing an open channel gate historical data set, an intelligent open channel gate switching model is constructed, and by utilizing the open channel gate switching formula and the open channel gate historical data set, a more accurate and stable mathematical model can be constructed, so that the control state of the open channel gate in the current hydrologic environment can be predicted better, and the influence of human errors and data errors on hydraulic engineering is avoided; acquiring real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, calculating the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, and calculating according to the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, so that more accurate and real data can be obtained, the precision of hydraulic engineering is improved, and the open channel gate instruction data is obtained; according to the open channel gate instruction data, calculation is performed, so that an open channel gate opening mode is obtained and is sent to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, the calculated open channel gate opening mode is utilized, the information of a sluice can be realized, the intelligent degree of hydraulic engineering is improved, the optimal open channel gate opening mode can be obtained, thereby ensuring the accurate control of the open channel gate, improving the stability and accuracy of water level, reducing the workload of manual intervention, improving the reliability and stability of the safe operation of the open channel gate, and reducing the labor cost of the hydraulic engineering.
Optionally, a plurality of induction areas on the induction panel are sequentially and equidistantly arranged from bottom to top, the induction areas are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the induction capacitance conversion circuits, each induction area is electrically connected with the corresponding induction capacitance conversion circuit, a liquid level measurement electrode is arranged between every two adjacent induction areas, the liquid reference electrode is positioned at the bottom of the induction panel, the environment reference electrode is positioned at the top of the induction panel and is positioned at a position beyond a liquid level measurement range, the liquid level measurement electrode corresponds to the capacitance digital converter, each liquid level measurement electrode is electrically connected with the corresponding capacitance digital converter, the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are both connected with each capacitance digital converter, and the induction capacitance conversion circuit and the capacitance digital converter are both connected with the singlechip;
the sensing area is a conductive surface, and whether liquid coverage exists or not can be distinguished according to the magnitude of the generated sensing capacitance value;
the sensing area and the liquid level measuring electrode are not in direct contact with the liquid to be measured when the liquid level is measured, so that isolated measurement is realized;
the number of sensing areas on the sensing panel is determined by the level range.
Each sensing region on the sensing panel of the present invention can be considered to be a capacitor with the liquid level measurement electrode as part of another capacitor and the liquid and environmental reference electrodes as part of the capacitor. Because the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are fixed, the capacitance of the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode does not change, and the capacitance of the liquid level measuring electrode changes along with the change of the liquid level, the sensing panel based on the capacitance measuring principle has high precision, quick response time and high reliability. The sensing area can realize the rapid and accurate judgment of the liquid level according to the presence or absence of liquid coverage of the sensing capacitance value, so that the false alarm rate can be effectively reduced, the false diagnosis rate is reduced, and the precision and the sensitivity of liquid level detection are improved. The sensing area is a conductive surface, so that the sensing area is applicable to various liquid environments and has the characteristics of high precision and high response speed. The isolated measurement can protect the electrode and the sensing area from corrosion or damage of liquid, the service life and the reliability of the measuring equipment are improved, the isolated measurement is not in direct contact with the liquid, the possibility of measurement errors is reduced, and the accuracy and the stability of measurement are improved. Verification of the number of sensing zones can improve the accuracy and speed of the level control.
Optionally, step S1 specifically includes:
step S11: after the liquid level measuring equipment is partially or completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and digital conversion is carried out according to the magnitude of a sensing capacitance value generated by a sensing area in the sensing panel, so that an output state of the sensing area is obtained, wherein the output state of the sensing area comprises a liquid state and a non-liquid state;
step S12: obtaining an induction zone where a current liquid level line is located through discrimination processing according to the output state of the induction zone, and taking the corresponding height of the induction zone where the current liquid level line is located as first-stage measurement result data;
step S13: acquiring a capacitance value of a liquid level measurement electrode, a capacitance value of a liquid reference electrode and a capacitance value of an environment reference electrode, and calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode to obtain second-stage measurement result data, wherein the second-stage measurement result data is the liquid level height between a sensing area where a current liquid level line is located and a sensing area above the current liquid level line;
step S14: and calculating the first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data so as to obtain liquid level data.
According to the liquid level measuring device, the liquid level measuring device is partially or completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, the liquid level change can be easily handled in the detection from bottom to top than in the detection from top to bottom, and a wider liquid level range can be detected. The digital conversion is carried out according to the magnitude of the induction capacitance value generated by the induction area in the induction panel, so that the output state of the induction area can be obtained rapidly, accurately and highly sensitively, and the output state of the induction area is obtained. And obtaining an induction zone where the current liquid level line is located through discrimination processing according to the output state of the induction zone, and taking the corresponding height of the induction zone where the current liquid level line is located as first-stage measurement result data. The capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are obtained, the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are calculated, second-stage measuring result data are obtained, errors in the measuring result can be corrected by calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, measuring precision and reliability are improved, and therefore the liquid level height is measured more accurately. And calculating the first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data so as to obtain liquid level data. The first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data are calculated, so that more accurate and reliable liquid level data can be obtained.
Optionally, step S3 specifically includes:
acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switching data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data by using an open channel gate switching formula so as to obtain the open channel gate historical hydrologic data;
the open channel gate historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data are time-sequentially combined based on a time sequence, so that an open channel gate historical data set is generated.
According to the method, historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data are obtained, the historical hydrologic data are calculated by using an open channel gate switch formula, and the optimal value of the height and width of the open channel gate, the optimal door opening time and door closing time of the open channel gate can be effectively calculated, so that the open channel gate historical hydrologic data are obtained. The method has the advantages that the time sequence combination is carried out on the open channel gate historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data based on the time sequence, the influence of hydrologic conditions on the open channel gate switch can be better analyzed, the normal operation range of the open channel gate and the abnormal condition can be obtained, the stability, the accuracy and the reliability of the operation of the open channel gate are improved, and therefore an open channel gate historical data set is generated.
Optionally, step S4 specifically includes:
Calculating an open channel gate historical data set by using an open channel gate switching formula so as to obtain an open channel gate switching threshold data set, wherein the open channel gate switching threshold data set comprises open channel gate full-open threshold data, open channel gate flow blocking threshold data and open channel gate half-open threshold data;
constructing an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate according to the open channel gate open-close formula and by utilizing open channel gate open-close threshold data;
and the intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate is used as input data and is input into a data analysis module, so that the data analysis module monitors and analyzes the real-time data.
According to the invention, the open channel gate historical data set is calculated by using the open channel gate switching formula, so that a proper open channel gate switching threshold data set can be obtained, the stability and reliability of the open channel gate are improved, and misoperation and equipment faults are avoided, thereby obtaining the open channel gate switching threshold data set. According to an open channel gate switch formula and by utilizing open channel gate switch threshold value data, an open channel gate intelligent switch model is built, the problems of misjudgment, misoperation and the like possibly existing in the traditional open channel gate switch can be avoided, the accuracy and stability of the open channel gate switch are improved, the open and close of the open channel gate can be automatically realized, the cost of manual intervention is avoided, the cost is saved, the risk of operators can be effectively reduced by automatic operation of the intelligent switch model, and the operation safety is improved. The intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate is used as input data and is input into the data analysis module, so that the data analysis module monitors and analyzes real-time data, faults and hidden dangers can be monitored, and the efficiency and the safety of the system are improved.
Optionally, step S6 specifically includes:
step S61: classifying and calculating open channel gate instruction data according to open channel gate threshold data so as to obtain open channel gate mode data, wherein the open channel gate mode data comprises open channel gate full-open mode data, open channel gate half-open mode data and open channel gate flow blocking mode data;
step S62: transmitting the open mode data of the open channel gate to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate open modes according to the open channel gate open mode data, wherein the open channel gate open modes comprise an open channel gate full open mode, an open channel gate half open mode and an open channel gate flow blocking mode;
step S63: acquiring a real-time open mode of the open channel gate, and changing the open channel gate mode when the open channel gate mode is inconsistent with the corresponding open channel gate mode data, so that the open channel gate mode is matched with the open channel gate mode data.
According to the open-close method and the open-close system, the open-close mode data of the open channel gate are obtained by classifying and calculating the open channel gate instruction data according to the open-close threshold data of the open channel gate, so that the water flow conditions under different open modes can be obtained, the optimal open mode is determined, the service life of the open channel gate can be prolonged, the maintenance period of equipment is prolonged, and the open channel gate faults are reduced. And sending the open mode data of the open channel gate to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate modes according to the open channel gate mode data. The method comprises the steps of acquiring a real-time open mode of the open channel gate, changing the open mode of the open channel gate when the open mode of the open channel gate is inconsistent with corresponding open mode data of the open channel gate, so that the open mode of the open channel gate is matched with the open mode data, acquiring the real-time open mode of the open channel gate and making proper adjustment, ensuring that equipment works according to the proper mode, improving the stability and reliability of the equipment, enabling the equipment to work more efficiently by the proper open mode, saving resources and cost, and improving the efficiency of the equipment to the greatest extent by changing the open mode of the open channel gate to adapt to the current working state.
Optionally, step S12 specifically includes the following steps:
detecting the output states of the sensing areas from bottom to top until detecting that the output states of two consecutive sensing areas are liquid-free states, thereby obtaining liquid level sensing areas;
continuously detecting the output state of the sensing area upwards above the liquid level sensing area; if the sensing area output states are all liquid-free states, judging that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and taking the height of the sensing area below the liquid level sensing area as first-stage measurement result data.
According to the liquid level sensing method, the sensing area output state is detected from bottom to top until the fact that the two continuous sensing area output states are liquid-free is detected, and errors of single sensing area output states can be eliminated through the fact that the two continuous sensing area output states are liquid-free, so that reliability is improved, and the liquid level sensing area is obtained. Continuously detecting the output state of the sensing area upwards above the liquid level sensing area; if the output states of the sensing areas are all liquid-free states, the current liquid level is judged to be located in the liquid level sensing area, the height of the sensing area, located below the liquid level sensing area, is used as first-stage measurement result data, multi-stage measurement is adopted, the height of the sensing area, located below the liquid level sensing area, is used as first-stage measurement result data, errors can be reduced, measurement precision and accuracy can be improved, and accordingly the height of the liquid level can be measured more accurately.
Optionally, the calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode in step S13 is specifically:
constructing an induction area distance formula according to the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, wherein the induction area distance formula specifically comprises:
；
wherein ,for the distance of the sensing area>Capacitance value of the level measuring electrode for the current level line, +.>For the capacitance value of the level measuring electrode without the liquid to be measured +.>For the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, +.>For the capacitance value of the ambient reference electrode, +.>Is a conversion coefficient;
the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode of the current liquid level line affecting the distance of the sensing area is fully considered by the distance formula of the sensing areaCapacitance value of the level measuring electrode without the liquid to be measured +.>Capacitance value of liquid reference electrodeCapacitance value of environmental reference electrode +.>Form +.>The function relation of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode when no liquid to be measured is used, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are used for calculating the distance of the sensing area, and the distance is calculated by the conversion coefficient +. >The method can properly adjust the conversion coefficient according to the type of the liquid to be detected, further improves the applicability of the conversion coefficient, considers the influence of different liquids on the capacitance value of the electrode, is suitable for measuring various liquids, and can effectively improve the accuracy and the authenticity of the distance of the sensing area.
And calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode by using an induction area distance formula to obtain an induction area distance, and taking the induction area distance as second-stage measuring result data.
According to the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, an induction area distance formula is built, the influence of factors such as the electrode, liquid and environment on the capacitance can be eliminated, errors are reduced, and the precision of liquid level measurement is improved. The capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are calculated by using an induction area distance formula, the induction area distance is obtained, the induction area distance is used as second-stage measuring result data, and the induction area distance is used as the second-stage measuring result data, so that the influence of unstable factors in capacitance measurement on a measuring result can be avoided, and a more stable measuring signal is obtained.
Optionally, the classification calculation in step S61 is classification calculation using an optimized secondary model, where the construction method of the optimized secondary model includes the steps of:
dividing open channel gate instruction data according to a preset dividing proportion, so as to obtain a training set and a testing set;
modeling a training set and a testing set by using a Catboost algorithm, so as to obtain a Catboost primary model;
modeling the training set and the testing set by utilizing a decision tree algorithm, so as to obtain a decision tree primary model;
predicting the test set by using the Catboost primary model and the decision tree primary model, thereby obtaining a prediction result;
modeling is carried out through a support vector machine modeling algorithm by utilizing a prediction result, so that a secondary model is constructed, and iterative mean square error fitting is carried out on the secondary model by utilizing a test set, so that an optimized secondary model is obtained.
According to the optimized secondary model, the tide range data is divided through the preset division proportion, and the open channel gate instruction data is divided, so that the capability of preventing the model from being fitted and verified and the reliability of the model can be improved, and a training set and a testing set are obtained. The training set and the testing set are modeled by using a Catboost algorithm, and the Catboost algorithm can effectively reduce the risk of overfitting, can automatically adjust parameters and has the advantages of high prediction accuracy, so that a Catboost primary model is obtained. The training set and the testing set are modeled by using the decision tree algorithm, the decision tree algorithm can effectively perform feature selection, the model precision and efficiency can be improved, and the influence of noise data can be effectively reduced, so that a decision tree primary model is obtained. And predicting the test set by using the Catboost primary model and the decision tree primary model, thereby obtaining a prediction result. Modeling is carried out by utilizing a prediction result through a linear regression method, so that a secondary model is constructed, the prediction result of the prediction of the test set by using the Catboost primary model and the decision tree primary model is used as a characteristic to train a secondary vector machine model, and compared with the single model, the integrated learning technology can bring better accuracy and robustness. And performing iterative mean square error fitting on the secondary model by using the test set so as to obtain an optimized secondary model, and performing iterative mean square error fitting on the secondary model by using the test set can effectively optimize the prediction performance of the model, improve the generalization capability of the model and evaluate the prediction performance of the model.
Optionally, there is also provided in the present specification an open channel flow measurement system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array, including:
at least one processor; the method comprises the steps of,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the multichannel ultrasound array-based open channel flow measurement method of any of the above.
The system can realize any open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array, is used for combining the operation and signal transmission media among all the devices to complete the open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array, and the internal structures of the system are mutually cooperated, so that the control and application of the water conservancy open channel gate are perfected, and the intelligent control of the water conservancy open channel gate is realized.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of a non-limiting implementation, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of steps of an open channel flow measurement method based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of the step S1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the detailed implementation of step S6 of the present invention;
the achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical method of the present patent in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is evident that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. The functional entities may be implemented in software or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits or in different networks and/or processor methods and/or microcontroller methods.
It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an open channel flow measurement method based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array, in this example, the open channel flow measurement method based on the multi-channel ultrasonic array includes the following steps:
step S1: measuring the liquid to be measured by using liquid level measuring equipment so as to obtain liquid level data;
according to the embodiment of the invention, the liquid to be detected is measured by using the liquid level measuring equipment, so that the liquid level data is obtained, the liquid level data is subjected to data cleaning, and the accuracy and the reliability of the data are ensured.
Step S2: acquiring open channel gate structure data, acquiring open channel gate layering flow rate data through a multichannel ultrasonic flow rate measuring device, and calculating the open channel gate layering flow rate data and liquid level data so as to acquire open channel flow rate data; constructing an open channel gate switching formula according to the open channel gate structure data, the open channel gate layering flow rate data, the open channel flow rate data and the liquid level data, wherein the open channel gate switching formula specifically comprises:
；
Is an open channel gate threshold value->Is the liquid level value of the front side of the open channel gate, < + >>Is the liquid level value of the back side of the open channel gate, < + >>Is the weight of the open channel gate>For the volume of open channel gate->Is an open channel flow value;
in the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of groups of ultrasonic flow velocity measuring devices are utilized to obtain the layering flow velocity number of the open channel gateAccording to the above; measuring an open channel gate to obtain open channel gate structure data, acquiring open channel gate layering flow rate data through a multichannel ultrasonic flow rate measuring device, and calculating the open channel gate layering flow rate data and liquid level data through a Manning formula to obtain open channel flow rate data; constructing an open channel gate switching formula according to the open channel gate structure data, the open channel gate layering flow rate data, the open channel flow rate data and the liquid level data, wherein the open channel gate switching formula fully considers the liquid level value of the front side surface of the open channel gate affecting the open channel gate threshold valueLiquid level value of back side of open channel gate +.>Open channel gate weight->Open channel gate volume->Open channel flow value->Form +.>The function relation of the open channel gate valve is realized, the calculation of the open channel gate valve threshold value by using the liquid level value of the front side surface of the open channel gate, the liquid level value of the rear side surface of the open channel gate, the weight of the open channel gate, the volume of the open channel gate and the layering flow rate of the open channel gate is realized, the constructed open channel gate valve formula can control the open channel gate valve more accurately, and the sensitivity and the precision of the open channel gate valve are improved.
Step S3: acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data so as to obtain an open channel gate historical data set;
in this embodiment, historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data are obtained through searching a database, data cleaning is performed on the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data, the integrity of the data is guaranteed, and the data cleaned historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data are calculated, so that an open channel gate historical data set is obtained.
Step S4: constructing an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate according to the open channel gate open-close formula and by utilizing the historical data set of the open channel gate;
in the embodiment, an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate is constructed according to an open channel gate open-close formula and by utilizing an open channel gate historical data set, and the intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate is optimized and parameterized.
Step S5: acquiring real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, and calculating the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data so as to obtain open channel gate instruction data;
in this embodiment, real-time liquid level data is obtained through liquid level measurement equipment, real-time open channel gate layered flow velocity data is obtained through a plurality of groups of ultrasonic flow velocity measurement devices, and the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layered flow velocity data are calculated, so that open channel gate instruction data is obtained.
Step S6: and calculating according to the open channel gate instruction data, so as to obtain an open channel gate mode, and sending the open channel gate mode to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation.
In the embodiment, classifying calculation is performed on the open channel gate instruction data, so that an open channel gate opening mode is obtained; and transmitting the open mode of the open channel gate to the open channel gate control module through data, and giving a command to the open channel gate through the open channel gate control module so as to execute the operation of the open channel gate.
According to the invention, the liquid to be measured is measured by using the liquid level measuring equipment, so that the workload of manual measurement can be reduced, the working efficiency is improved, the operation risk is reduced, and the accuracy and the authenticity of liquid level data can be increased, thereby obtaining the liquid level data; acquiring open channel gate structure data, acquiring open channel gate layering flow rate data through a multichannel ultrasonic flow rate measuring device, and calculating the open channel gate layering flow rate data and liquid level data so as to acquire open channel flow rate data; constructing an open channel gate switching formula according to the open channel gate structure data, the open channel gate layering flow rate data, the open channel flow rate data and the liquid level data, wherein the construction of the open channel gate switching formula can improve the switching control precision and stability of the open channel gate, so that the open channel gate switching formula is obtained; acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data to obtain an open channel gate historical data set, wherein the open channel gate historical data set can provide a reference basis for an intelligent water conservancy open channel gate control system, so that the accuracy and efficiency of the system are improved; according to an open channel gate switching formula and by utilizing an open channel gate historical data set, an intelligent open channel gate switching model is constructed, and by utilizing the open channel gate switching formula and the open channel gate historical data set, a more accurate and stable mathematical model can be constructed, so that the control state of the open channel gate in the current hydrologic environment can be predicted better, and the influence of human errors and data errors on hydraulic engineering is avoided; acquiring real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, calculating the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, and calculating according to the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, so that more accurate and real data can be obtained, the precision of hydraulic engineering is improved, and the open channel gate instruction data is obtained; according to the open channel gate instruction data, calculation is performed, so that an open channel gate opening mode is obtained and is sent to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, the calculated open channel gate opening mode is utilized, the information of a sluice can be realized, the intelligent degree of hydraulic engineering is improved, the optimal open channel gate opening mode can be obtained, the accurate control of the open channel gate is ensured, the stability and the accuracy of water level are improved, the workload of manual intervention is reduced, and the reliability and the stability of open channel gate operation are improved.
Optionally, the sensing panel in the liquid level measuring device is specifically:
the liquid level measuring device comprises a sensing panel, a plurality of sensing areas, a liquid level measuring electrode, an environment reference electrode, a capacitance digital converter, a liquid reference electrode and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the sensing areas on the sensing panel are sequentially and equidistantly arranged from bottom to top, the sensing areas are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the sensing capacitance conversion circuits, each sensing area is electrically connected with the corresponding sensing capacitance conversion circuit, the liquid level measuring electrode is arranged at the bottom of the sensing panel, the environment reference electrode is arranged at the top of the sensing panel and is positioned at a position beyond a liquid level measuring range, the liquid level measuring electrode corresponds to the capacitance digital converter, each liquid level measuring electrode is electrically connected with the corresponding capacitance digital converter, the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are both connected with the capacitance digital converter, and the sensing capacitance conversion circuits and the capacitance digital converter are both connected with the single chip microcomputer;
the sensing area is a conductive surface, and whether liquid coverage exists or not can be distinguished according to the magnitude of the generated sensing capacitance value;
the sensing area and the liquid level measuring electrode are not in direct contact with the liquid to be measured when the liquid level is measured, so that isolated measurement is realized;
the number of sensing areas on the sensing panel is determined by the level range.
Each sensing region on the sensing panel of the present invention can be considered to be a capacitor with the liquid level measurement electrode as part of another capacitor and the liquid and environmental reference electrodes as part of the capacitor. Because the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are fixed, the capacitance of the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode does not change, and the capacitance of the liquid level measuring electrode changes along with the change of the liquid level, the sensing panel based on the capacitance measuring principle has high precision, quick response time and high reliability. The sensing area can realize the rapid and accurate judgment of the liquid level according to the presence or absence of liquid coverage of the sensing capacitance value, so that the false alarm rate can be effectively reduced, the false diagnosis rate is reduced, and the precision and the sensitivity of liquid level detection are improved. The sensing area is a conductive surface, so that the sensing area is applicable to various liquid environments and has the characteristics of high precision and high response speed. The isolated measurement can protect the electrode and the sensing area from corrosion or damage of liquid, the service life and the reliability of the measuring equipment are improved, the isolated measurement is not in direct contact with the liquid, the possibility of measurement errors is reduced, and the accuracy and the stability of measurement are improved. Verification of the number of sensing zones can improve the accuracy and speed of the level control.
Optionally, step S1 specifically includes:
step S11: after the liquid level measuring equipment is partially or completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and digital conversion is carried out according to the magnitude of a sensing capacitance value generated by a sensing area in the sensing panel, so that an output state of the sensing area is obtained, wherein the output state of the sensing area comprises a liquid state and a non-liquid state;
step S12: obtaining an induction zone where a current liquid level line is located through discrimination processing according to the output state of the induction zone, and taking the corresponding height of the induction zone where the current liquid level line is located as first-stage measurement result data;
step S13: acquiring a capacitance value of a liquid level measurement electrode, a capacitance value of a liquid reference electrode and a capacitance value of an environment reference electrode, and calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode to obtain second-stage measurement result data, wherein the second-stage measurement result data is the liquid level height between a sensing area where a current liquid level line is located and a sensing area above the current liquid level line;
step S14: and calculating the first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data so as to obtain liquid level data.
As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, a detailed implementation step flow diagram of step S1 in fig. 1 is shown, where in this embodiment, step S1 includes the following steps:
step S11: after the liquid level measuring equipment is partially or completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and digital conversion is carried out according to the magnitude of a sensing capacitance value generated by a sensing area in the sensing panel, so that an output state of the sensing area is obtained, wherein the output state of the sensing area comprises a liquid state and a non-liquid state;
in this embodiment, after the liquid level measurement device is partially or completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, a detection program is started, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and performs digital conversion according to the magnitude of a sensing capacitance value generated in a sensing area in the sensing panel, when the liquid to be measured approaches the sensing area, the sensing capacitance value increases, and the further the distance is, the sensing capacitance value decreases, and the sensing capacitance value is converted into a digital signal through the capacitance-to-digital converter, so as to obtain an output state of the sensing area.
Step S12: obtaining an induction zone where a current liquid level line is located through discrimination processing according to the output state of the induction zone, and taking the corresponding height of the induction zone where the current liquid level line is located as first-stage measurement result data;
Step S13: acquiring a capacitance value of a liquid level measurement electrode, a capacitance value of a liquid reference electrode and a capacitance value of an environment reference electrode, and calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode to obtain second-stage measurement result data, wherein the second-stage measurement result data is the liquid level height between a sensing area where a current liquid level line is located and a sensing area above the current liquid level line;
in the embodiment, the capacitance of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance of the environment reference electrode are digitally converted by using the capacitance converter, so that the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are obtained; and calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode by using the sensing area distance formula to obtain second-stage measuring result data.
Step S14: and calculating the first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data so as to obtain liquid level data.
In this embodiment, the first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data are added to obtain liquid level data
According to the liquid level measuring device, the liquid level measuring device is partially or completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, the liquid level change can be easily handled in the detection from bottom to top than in the detection from top to bottom, and a wider liquid level range can be detected. The digital conversion is carried out according to the magnitude of the induction capacitance value generated by the induction area in the induction panel, so that the output state of the induction area can be obtained rapidly, accurately and highly sensitively, and the output state of the induction area is obtained. And obtaining an induction zone where the current liquid level line is located through discrimination processing according to the output state of the induction zone, and taking the corresponding height of the induction zone where the current liquid level line is located as first-stage measurement result data. The capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are obtained, the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are calculated, second-stage measuring result data are obtained, errors in the measuring result can be corrected by calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, measuring precision and reliability are improved, and therefore the liquid level height is measured more accurately. And calculating the first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data so as to obtain liquid level data. The first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data are calculated, so that more accurate and reliable liquid level data can be obtained.
Optionally, step S3 specifically includes:
acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switching data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data by using an open channel gate switching formula so as to obtain the open channel gate historical hydrologic data;
in the embodiment, historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data are obtained through searching a database, data cleaning is conducted on the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data, the integrity of the data is guaranteed, and the historical hydrologic data are calculated by using an open channel gate switch formula, so that the open channel gate historical hydrologic data are obtained.
The open channel gate historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data are time-sequentially combined based on a time sequence, so that an open channel gate historical data set is generated.
In this embodiment, the time stamps of the open channel gate historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data are preprocessed and unified into a data sequence with the same time interval, and the time stamps of the open channel gate historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data are aligned, so that the open channel gate historical data sets are combined and generated.
According to the method, historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data are obtained, the historical hydrologic data are calculated by using an open channel gate switch formula, and the optimal value of the height and width of the open channel gate, the optimal door opening time and door closing time of the open channel gate can be effectively calculated, so that the open channel gate historical hydrologic data are obtained. The method has the advantages that the time sequence combination is carried out on the open channel gate historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data based on the time sequence, the influence of hydrologic conditions on the open channel gate switch can be better analyzed, the normal operation range of the open channel gate and the abnormal condition can be obtained, the stability, the accuracy and the reliability of the operation of the open channel gate are improved, and therefore an open channel gate historical data set is generated.
Optionally, step S4 specifically includes:
calculating an open channel gate historical data set by using an open channel gate switching formula so as to obtain an open channel gate switching threshold data set, wherein the open channel gate switching threshold data set comprises open channel gate full-open threshold data, open channel gate flow blocking threshold data and open channel gate half-open threshold data;
in this embodiment, an open channel gate switching formula is used to calculate an open channel gate history data set, and open channel gate threshold data of an open channel gate history opening mode is obtained, so as to obtain an open channel gate switching threshold data set.
Constructing an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate according to the open channel gate open-close formula and by utilizing open channel gate open-close threshold data;
and the intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate is used as input data and is input into a data analysis module, so that the data analysis module monitors and analyzes the real-time data.
In the embodiment, based on the established intelligent open-channel gate switch model, the intelligent open-channel gate switch model is used as input data and is input into a data analysis module, and real-time monitoring analysis is carried out on real-time data of the open-channel gate.
According to the invention, the open channel gate historical data set is calculated by using the open channel gate switching formula, so that a proper open channel gate switching threshold data set can be obtained, the stability and reliability of the open channel gate are improved, and misoperation and equipment faults are avoided, thereby obtaining the open channel gate switching threshold data set. According to an open channel gate switch formula and by utilizing open channel gate switch threshold value data, an open channel gate intelligent switch model is built, the problems of misjudgment, misoperation and the like possibly existing in the traditional open channel gate switch can be avoided, the accuracy and stability of the open channel gate switch are improved, the open and close of the open channel gate can be automatically realized, the cost of manual intervention is avoided, the cost is saved, the risk of operators can be effectively reduced by automatic operation of the intelligent switch model, and the operation safety is improved. The intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate is used as input data and is input into the data analysis module, so that the data analysis module monitors and analyzes real-time data, faults and hidden dangers can be monitored, and the efficiency and the safety of the system are improved.
Optionally, step S6 specifically includes:
step S61: classifying and calculating open channel gate instruction data according to open channel gate threshold data so as to obtain open channel gate mode data, wherein the open channel gate mode data comprises open channel gate full-open mode data, open channel gate half-open mode data and open channel gate flow blocking mode data;
step S62: transmitting the open mode data of the open channel gate to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate open modes according to the open channel gate open mode data, wherein the open channel gate open modes comprise an open channel gate full open mode, an open channel gate half open mode and an open channel gate flow blocking mode;
step S63: acquiring a real-time open mode of the open channel gate, and changing the open channel gate mode when the open channel gate mode is inconsistent with the corresponding open channel gate mode data, so that the open channel gate mode is matched with the open channel gate mode data.
As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, a detailed implementation step flow diagram of step S6 in fig. 1 is shown, in which step S6 includes the following steps:
Step S61: classifying and calculating open channel gate instruction data according to open channel gate threshold data so as to obtain open channel gate mode data, wherein the open channel gate mode data comprises open channel gate full-open mode data, open channel gate half-open mode data and open channel gate flow blocking mode data;
in this embodiment, the open channel gate command data is classified and calculated by using an optimized secondary model according to the open channel gate switch threshold data, so as to obtain open channel gate opening mode data.
Step S62: transmitting the open mode data of the open channel gate to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate open modes according to the open channel gate open mode data, wherein the open channel gate open modes comprise an open channel gate full open mode, an open channel gate half open mode and an open channel gate flow blocking mode;
in this embodiment, the open mode data of the open channel gate is sent to the open channel gate control module, and the open channel gate control module issues an open mode instruction to the open channel gate according to the open channel gate mode data, so that the open mode is executed by the open channel gate.
Step S63: acquiring a real-time open mode of the open channel gate, and changing the open channel gate mode when the open channel gate mode is inconsistent with the corresponding open channel gate mode data, so that the open channel gate mode is matched with the open channel gate mode data.
In this embodiment, a sensor mounted on the open channel gate acquires a real-time open channel gate opening mode, detects whether the open channel gate opening mode matches with open channel gate opening mode data, and changes the open channel gate opening mode by the open channel gate control module when the open channel gate opening mode does not match with corresponding open channel gate opening mode data, so that the open channel gate opening mode matches with the open channel gate opening mode data.
According to the open-close method and the open-close system, the open-close mode data of the open channel gate are obtained by classifying and calculating the open channel gate instruction data according to the open-close threshold data of the open channel gate, so that the water flow conditions under different open modes can be obtained, the optimal open mode is determined, the service life of the open channel gate can be prolonged, the maintenance period of equipment is prolonged, and the open channel gate faults are reduced. And sending the open mode data of the open channel gate to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate modes according to the open channel gate mode data. The method comprises the steps of acquiring a real-time open mode of the open channel gate, changing the open mode of the open channel gate when the open mode of the open channel gate is inconsistent with corresponding open mode data of the open channel gate, so that the open mode of the open channel gate is matched with the open mode data, acquiring the real-time open mode of the open channel gate and making proper adjustment, ensuring that equipment works according to the proper mode, improving the stability and reliability of the equipment, enabling the equipment to work more efficiently by the proper open mode, saving resources and cost, and improving the efficiency of the equipment to the greatest extent by changing the open mode of the open channel gate to adapt to the current working state.
Optionally, step S12 specifically includes the following steps:
detecting the output states of the sensing areas from bottom to top until detecting that the output states of two consecutive sensing areas are liquid-free states, thereby obtaining liquid level sensing areas;
in this embodiment, the sensing panel detects the output state of the sensing area from bottom to top until detecting that the output states of two consecutive sensing areas are no-liquid states, thereby obtaining the liquid level sensing area.
Continuously detecting the output state of the sensing area upwards above the liquid level sensing area; if the sensing area output states are all liquid-free states, judging that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and taking the height of the sensing area below the liquid level sensing area as first-stage measurement result data.
In the embodiment, the output state of the sensing area is continuously detected upwards above the liquid level sensing area; if the output states of the sensing areas are all liquid-free states, judging that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and taking the sensing height of the liquid level sensing area below as first-stage measurement result data. The detection also considers misleading treatment, if the output state of one or more sensing areas exists in the middle is a liquid-free state, and the output states of all sensing areas below the sensing areas and a plurality of sensing areas above the sensing areas are liquid states, judging that the current liquid level line is above the sensing areas, and skipping the sensing areas to continue searching; if the output state of one or more sensing areas exists in the middle is a liquid state, and the output states of a plurality of sensing areas which are continuously arranged below the sensing area and a plurality of sensing areas which are continuously arranged above the sensing area are all liquid-free states, judging that the current liquid level line is arranged below the sensing area.
According to the liquid level sensing method, the sensing area output state is detected from bottom to top until the fact that the two continuous sensing area output states are liquid-free is detected, and errors of single sensing area output states can be eliminated through the fact that the two continuous sensing area output states are liquid-free, so that reliability is improved, and the liquid level sensing area is obtained. Continuously detecting the output state of the sensing area upwards above the liquid level sensing area; if the output states of the sensing areas are all liquid-free states, the current liquid level is judged to be located in the liquid level sensing area, the height of the sensing area, located below the liquid level sensing area, is used as first-stage measurement result data, multi-stage measurement is adopted, the height of the sensing area, located below the liquid level sensing area, is used as first-stage measurement result data, errors can be reduced, measurement precision and accuracy can be improved, and accordingly the height of the liquid level can be measured more accurately.
Optionally, the calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode in step S13 is specifically:
constructing an induction area distance formula according to the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, wherein the induction area distance formula specifically comprises:
；
wherein ,for the distance of the sensing area>Capacitance value of the level measuring electrode for the current level line, +.>For the capacitance value of the level measuring electrode without the liquid to be measured +.>For the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, +.>For the capacitance value of the ambient reference electrode, +.>Is a conversion coefficient;
the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode of the current liquid level line affecting the distance of the sensing area is fully considered by the distance formula of the sensing areaCapacitance value of the level measuring electrode without the liquid to be measured +.>Capacitance value of liquid reference electrodeCapacitance value of environmental reference electrode +.>Form +.>The function relation of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode when no liquid to be measured is used, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are used for calculating the distance of the sensing area, and the distance is calculated by the conversion coefficient +.>The method can properly adjust the conversion coefficient according to the type of the liquid to be detected, further improves the applicability of the conversion coefficient, considers the influence of different liquids on the capacitance value of the electrode, is suitable for measuring various liquids, and can effectively improve the accuracy and the authenticity of the distance of the sensing area.
And calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode by using an induction area distance formula to obtain an induction area distance, and taking the induction area distance as second-stage measuring result data.
According to the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, an induction area distance formula is built, the influence of factors such as the electrode, liquid and environment on the capacitance can be eliminated, errors are reduced, and the precision of liquid level measurement is improved. The capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are calculated by using an induction area distance formula, the induction area distance is obtained, the induction area distance is used as second-stage measuring result data, and the induction area distance is used as the second-stage measuring result data, so that the influence of unstable factors in capacitance measurement on a measuring result can be avoided, and a more stable measuring signal is obtained.
Optionally, the classification calculation in step S61 is classification calculation using an optimized secondary model, where the construction method of the optimized secondary model includes the steps of:
Dividing open channel gate instruction data according to a preset dividing proportion, so as to obtain a training set and a testing set;
in the embodiment of the invention, the method comprises the following steps of 8:2, dividing the open channel gate instruction data according to the dividing proportion, thereby obtaining a training set and a testing set.
Modeling a training set and a testing set by using a Catboost algorithm, so as to obtain a Catboost primary model;
modeling the training set and the testing set by utilizing a decision tree algorithm, so as to obtain a decision tree primary model;
predicting the test set by using the Catboost primary model and the decision tree primary model, thereby obtaining a prediction result;
modeling is carried out through a support vector machine modeling algorithm by utilizing a prediction result, so that a secondary model is constructed, and iterative mean square error fitting is carried out on the secondary model by utilizing a test set, so that an optimized secondary model is obtained.
In the embodiment of the invention, the prediction result is taken as input, modeling is carried out through a support vector machine modeling algorithm, so that a secondary model is constructed, the test set is utilized to carry out iterative mean square error fitting on the secondary model, namely, the fitting effect at the moment is estimated on the test set, so that the optimization of the secondary model is carried out, and the optimized secondary model is obtained.
According to the optimized secondary model, the tide range data is divided through the preset division proportion, and the open channel gate instruction data is divided, so that the capability of preventing the model from being fitted and verified and the reliability of the model can be improved, and a training set and a testing set are obtained. The training set and the testing set are modeled by using a Catboost algorithm, and the Catboost algorithm can effectively reduce the risk of overfitting, can automatically adjust parameters and has the advantages of high prediction accuracy, so that a Catboost primary model is obtained. The training set and the testing set are modeled by using the decision tree algorithm, the decision tree algorithm can effectively perform feature selection, the model precision and efficiency can be improved, and the influence of noise data can be effectively reduced, so that a decision tree primary model is obtained. And predicting the test set by using the Catboost primary model and the decision tree primary model, thereby obtaining a prediction result. Modeling is carried out by utilizing a prediction result through a linear regression method, so that a secondary model is constructed, the prediction result of the prediction of the test set by using the Catboost primary model and the decision tree primary model is used as a characteristic to train a secondary vector machine model, and compared with the single model, the integrated learning technology can bring better accuracy and robustness. And performing iterative mean square error fitting on the secondary model by using the test set so as to obtain an optimized secondary model, and performing iterative mean square error fitting on the secondary model by using the test set can effectively optimize the prediction performance of the model, improve the generalization capability of the model and evaluate the prediction performance of the model.
Optionally, there is also provided in the present specification an open channel flow measurement system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array, including:
at least one processor; the method comprises the steps of,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the multichannel ultrasound array-based open channel flow measurement method of any of the above.
The system can realize any open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array, is used for combining the operation and signal transmission media among all the devices to complete the open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array, and the internal structures of the system are mutually cooperated, so that the control and application of the water conservancy open channel gate are perfected, and the intelligent control of the water conservancy open channel gate is realized.
The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array is characterized in that a multichannel ultrasonic flow velocity measurement device is applied, and the multichannel ultrasonic flow velocity measurement device comprises an ultrasonic sensor; the liquid level measuring device comprises a shell, an induction panel, a data transmission module, a power supply battery and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the induction panel, the single chip microcomputer, the data transmission module and the power supply battery are arranged in the shell; the shell is used for protecting equipment; the sensing panel comprises a plurality of sensing areas, a plurality of sensing capacitance conversion circuits, a liquid level measuring electrode, a liquid reference electrode, an environment reference electrode and a capacitance-to-digital converter, and the data transmission module is used for realizing communication between the liquid level measuring equipment and the data server, so that the liquid level measuring equipment transmits measured data to the data server through a wireless network; the power supply battery is used for supplying power to the liquid level measurement equipment; the single chip microcomputer is of a 32-bit processor architecture and is used for collecting, processing and transmitting liquid level data, and analog signals collected by the induction panel are converted into digital signals through a built-in capacitance-digital converter; the open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array comprises the following steps:
Step S1: measuring the liquid to be measured by using liquid level measuring equipment so as to obtain liquid level data;
step S2: acquiring open channel gate structure data, acquiring open channel gate layering flow rate data through a multichannel ultrasonic flow rate measuring device, and calculating the open channel gate layering flow rate data and liquid level data so as to acquire open channel flow rate data; constructing an open channel gate switching formula according to the open channel gate structure data, the open channel gate layering flow rate data, the open channel flow rate data and the liquid level data, wherein the open channel gate switching formula specifically comprises:
；
is an open channel gate threshold value->Is the liquid level value of the front side of the open channel gate, < + >>Is the liquid level value of the back side of the open channel gate, < + >>Is the weight of the open channel gate>For the volume of open channel gate->Is the open channel flow value;
step S3: acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data so as to obtain an open channel gate historical data set;
step S4: constructing an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate according to the open channel gate open-close formula and the open channel gate historical data set;
step S5: acquiring real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, and calculating the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data so as to obtain open channel gate instruction data;
Step S6: and calculating according to the open channel gate instruction data, so as to obtain an open channel gate mode, and sending the open channel gate mode to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of sensing areas on the sensing panel are sequentially and equidistantly arranged from bottom to top, the sensing areas are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of sensing capacitance conversion circuits, each sensing area is electrically connected with a corresponding sensing capacitance conversion circuit, a liquid level measuring electrode is arranged between every two adjacent sensing areas, a liquid reference electrode is positioned at the bottom of the sensing panel, an environment reference electrode is positioned at the top of the sensing panel and is positioned at a position outside a liquid level measuring range, the liquid level measuring electrode corresponds to a capacitance digital converter, each liquid level measuring electrode is electrically connected with a corresponding capacitance digital converter, the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are both connected with each capacitance digital converter, and the sensing capacitance conversion circuits and the capacitance digital converters are both connected with the singlechip;
the sensing area is a conductive surface, and whether liquid coverage exists or not can be distinguished according to the magnitude of the generated sensing capacitance value;
the sensing area and the liquid level measuring electrode are not in direct contact with the liquid to be measured when the liquid level is measured, so that isolated measurement is realized;
The number of sensing areas on the sensing panel is determined by the level range.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein step S1 is specifically:
step S11: after the liquid level measuring equipment is partially or completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and digital conversion is carried out according to the magnitude of a sensing capacitance value generated by a sensing area in the sensing panel, so that an output state of the sensing area is obtained, wherein the output state of the sensing area comprises a liquid state and a non-liquid state;
step S12: obtaining an induction zone where a current liquid level line is located through discrimination processing according to the output state of the induction zone, and taking the corresponding height of the induction zone where the current liquid level line is located as first-stage measurement result data;
step S13: acquiring a capacitance value of a liquid level measurement electrode, a capacitance value of a liquid reference electrode and a capacitance value of an environment reference electrode, and calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode to obtain second-stage measurement result data, wherein the second-stage measurement result data is the liquid level height between a sensing area where a current liquid level line is located and a sensing area above the current liquid level line;
step S14: and calculating the first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data so as to obtain liquid level data.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S3 is specifically:
acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switching data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data by using an open channel gate switching formula so as to obtain the open channel gate historical hydrologic data;
the open channel gate historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data are time-sequentially combined based on a time sequence, so that an open channel gate historical data set is generated.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S4 is specifically:
calculating an open channel gate historical data set by using an open channel gate switching formula so as to obtain an open channel gate switching threshold data set, wherein the open channel gate switching threshold data set comprises open channel gate full-open threshold data, open channel gate flow blocking threshold data and open channel gate half-open threshold data;
constructing an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate by utilizing an open channel gate opening and closing threshold data set according to an open channel gate opening and closing formula;
and the intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate is used as input data and is input into a data analysis module, so that the data analysis module monitors and analyzes the real-time data.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein step S6 is specifically:
Step S61: classifying and calculating the open channel gate instruction data according to the open channel gate switch threshold data set so as to obtain open channel gate mode data, wherein the open channel gate mode data comprise open channel gate full-open mode data, open channel gate half-open mode data and open channel gate flow blocking mode data;
step S62: transmitting the open mode data of the open channel gate to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate open modes according to the open channel gate open mode data, wherein the open channel gate open modes comprise an open channel gate full open mode, an open channel gate half open mode and an open channel gate flow blocking mode;
step S63: acquiring a real-time open mode of the open channel gate, and changing the open channel gate mode when the open channel gate mode is inconsistent with the corresponding open channel gate mode data, so that the open channel gate mode is matched with the open channel gate mode data.
7. A method according to claim 3, wherein step S12 comprises the steps of:
detecting the output states of the sensing areas from bottom to top until detecting that the output states of two consecutive sensing areas are liquid-free states, thereby obtaining liquid level sensing areas;
Continuously detecting the output state of the sensing area upwards above the liquid level sensing area; if the sensing area output states are all liquid-free states, judging that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and taking the height of the sensing area below the liquid level sensing area as first-stage measurement result data.
8. A method according to claim 3, wherein the calculation of the capacitance of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance of the ambient reference electrode in step S13 is specifically:
constructing an induction area distance formula according to the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, wherein the induction area distance formula specifically comprises:
；
wherein ,for the distance of the sensing area>Capacitance value of the level measuring electrode for the current level line, +.>For the capacitance value of the level measuring electrode without the liquid to be measured +.>For the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, +.>Is the capacitance value of the ambient reference electrode,is a conversion coefficient;
and calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode by using an induction area distance formula to obtain an induction area distance, and taking the induction area distance as second-stage measuring result data.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the classification calculation in step S61 is a classification calculation using an optimized secondary model, wherein the construction method of the optimized secondary model comprises the steps of:
dividing open channel gate instruction data according to a preset dividing proportion, so as to obtain a training set and a testing set;
modeling a training set and a testing set by using a Catboost algorithm, so as to obtain a Catboost primary model;
modeling the training set and the testing set by utilizing a decision tree algorithm, so as to obtain a decision tree primary model;
predicting the test set by using the Catboost primary model and the decision tree primary model, thereby obtaining a prediction result;
modeling is carried out through a support vector machine modeling algorithm by utilizing a prediction result, so that a secondary model is constructed, and iterative mean square error fitting is carried out on the secondary model by utilizing a test set, so that an optimized secondary model is obtained.
10. An open channel flow measurement system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array, comprising:
at least one processor; the method comprises the steps of,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the multichannel ultrasound array-based open channel flow measurement method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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