CN116360083A - Moke lens and linear laser sensor - Google Patents
Moke lens and linear laser sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN116360083A CN116360083A CN202310441471.5A CN202310441471A CN116360083A CN 116360083 A CN116360083 A CN 116360083A CN 202310441471 A CN202310441471 A CN 202310441471A CN 116360083 A CN116360083 A CN 116360083A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229960000502 poloxamer Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
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Abstract
The application provides a sham lens and a line laser sensor comprising a poloxamer lens. The lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens and a seventh lens, wherein the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens and the seventh lens are sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens and the sixth lens are coaxially arranged along an optical axis, the seventh lens is an off-axis cylindrical lens, and the diaphragm is arranged between the third lens and the fourth lens. The utility model provides a make up for the optical aberration that can correct by protection glass brought with line laser sensor to promote imaging effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of shift imaging, in particular to a sham lens and a line laser sensor comprising the sham lens.
Background
With the development of optical imaging, image processing and machine vision technologies, 3D line laser measurement technologies are also widely used. The method uses an industrial camera to shoot and obtain corresponding image information, and carries out a series of processing on the image to extract the needed information, thereby finally achieving the purpose of measurement. Among them, scenes requiring to be imaged with a shift axis are also increasing in the field of industrial detection. The reason why the shift imaging is used in the industrial inspection is that the space is insufficient to enable vertical photographing or to simultaneously image the objects to be measured which are not on the same plane. The shift imaging has the advantages of good flexibility, increased depth of field, improved precision and the like.
The shift lens is also called a "Samsung lens" because shift imaging is to conform to the Law of Samsung. The concept of the law of the poloxamer is as follows: if the lens plane is not parallel to the imaging plane, it is not necessary to assume that they intersect in a straight line, and all the points that can be imaged clearly fall on another plane, which also passes through the straight line. That is, the focusing plane (the plane in which the point capable of clear imaging is located, also called the object plane), the lens plane, and the imaging plane all intersect in a certain straight line.
However, in the line laser sensor in the current industry, an image sensor chip is generally provided with a cover glass (also called a window glass) having a thickness of about 1 millimeter (mm). Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a prior art line laser sensor. The image sensor comprises a sensor chip 82 and a protective glass 81, wherein the surface of the sensor chip 82 is an image plane of an imaging system, and light rays on the object side reach the protective glass 81 through a paraxial lens 80, pass through the protective glass 81 and reach the sensor chip 82 to finish imaging. As can be seen from the figure, the surface of the sensor chip 82 has a certain angle with respect to the main optical axis O, so that the main optical axis O is not perpendicular to the protective glass 81. For on-axis light, due to the different aberrations of meridian direction and Hu Shi direction caused by the presence of the protective glass 81, as shown in fig. 2, a light contrast diagram of meridian direction and sagittal direction of the prior art is shown, fig. 3a is a transverse Fan (Ray Fan) diagram of single light Ray of meridian direction and sagittal direction of the prior art, and fig. 3b is a transverse Fan diagram of multiple light rays of meridian direction and sagittal direction. As can be seen by comparison, the light aberration curves in the lateral fan patterns in the meridian direction have poor consistency with the light aberration curves in the sagittal direction, i.e. the aberrations in the two directions are significantly different, i.e. asymmetric aberrations are present. For a common lens (non-poloxamer lens), since the aberration caused by the protective glass is consistent with the Hu Shi direction (symmetrical aberration), as for the aberration problem, as long as one direction is corrected, the aberration in the other direction is corrected naturally. Therefore, for the prior art of the present invention, there is no way to eliminate such on-axis asymmetric aberration by the conventional aberration correction method, i.e., if the meridional aberration is eliminated, the Hu Shi aberration is serious, the Hu Shi aberration is eliminated, and the meridional aberration is serious.
Please refer to fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of MTF of a prior art lens. From the sagittal MTF curve Ms and the meridional MTF curve Mt in the figure, it can be seen that the OTF mode value (vertical axis) decreases rapidly with increasing spatial frequency, and only about 0.2 at 140 line pairs/mm. For visual comparison, fig. 4 also includes a pair of MTF curves imaged under the diffraction limit, namely, a sagittal MTF curve Ms 'and a meridional MTF curve Mt', which are expected to be as close as possible, but the imaging effect of the prior art has far from ideal.
The main means for solving the problem in the current industry is to cancel the protective glass 81 of the image sensor, that is, let the object-side light directly reach the sensor chip 82 after passing through the sham lens, so that the problem of asymmetric aberration caused by the protective glass 81 is naturally eliminated. However, the sensor chip 82 loses the shielding protection effect of the protective glass 81, the photosensitive circuit in the chip is easily polluted by dust, the imaging effect is seriously affected, and the maintenance of the lens is inconvenient.
In view of this, there is a need for an improved prior art lens for an improved imaging system.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a sham lens to solve the asymmetric problem of aberration that imaging chip protection glass arouses among the prior art, thereby promote the imaging effect of camera lens.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sand lens, including:
the lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens and a seventh lens, wherein the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens and the seventh lens are sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens and the sixth lens are coaxially arranged along an optical axis, and the seventh lens is an off-axis cylindrical lens;
and the diaphragm is arranged between the third lens and the fourth lens.
In some embodiments, the seventh lens includes an object-side surface and an image-side surface, the radius of curvature of the object-side surface and the radius of curvature of the image-side surface being equal.
In some embodiments, the object side surface has a radius of curvature of 1052 millimeters.
In some embodiments, the off-axis parameter of the seventh lens is 77 millimeters.
In some embodiments, the seventh lens is a plano-convex cylindrical lens, a plano-concave cylindrical lens, a biconvex cylindrical lens, a biconcave cylindrical lens, a meniscus cylindrical lens, a cylinder cross cylindrical lens, or a contoured cylindrical lens.
In some embodiments, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, and the sixth lens are a positive power spherical lens, a negative power spherical lens, a positive power spherical lens, a negative power spherical lens, respectively.
In some embodiments, the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the first lens, the image-side surface of the first lens, the object-side surface of the second lens, the object-side surface of the third lens, the object-side surface of the fourth lens, the image-side surface of the fourth lens, the object-side surface of the fifth lens, the object-side surface of the sixth lens, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens are 30.8 millimeters, 101.2 millimeters, 16 millimeters, 10.8 millimeters, 7.8 millimeters, -23.3 millimeters, -15.7 millimeters, 65 millimeters, -21.3 millimeters, -70.9 millimeters, respectively.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a line laser sensor, including an image sensor and a lens, the image sensor including a sensor chip and a cover glass, an object-side optical line passing through the lens and then reaching the sensor chip, wherein the cover glass is in a non-perpendicular relationship with an optical axis, the lens comprising:
the lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens and a seventh lens, wherein the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens and the seventh lens are sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens and the sixth lens are coaxially arranged along an optical axis, and the seventh lens is an off-axis cylindrical lens;
and the diaphragm is arranged between the third lens and the fourth lens.
In some embodiments, the cover glass is tilted in a direction opposite to a tilt direction of a seventh lens of the poloxamer lens.
In some embodiments, the poloxamer lens satisfies:
d 1 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )+r 1 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )-d 1 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )-r 1 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )+d 2 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )+r 2 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )-d 2 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )-r 2 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 ) =0, where r 1 D for protecting the inclination angle of the glass 1 N is the thickness of the protective glass 1 R is the refractive index of the protective glass 2 D, the inclination angle of the seventh lens of the poloxamer lens is d 2 For the thickness of the seventh lens, n 2 And a is one half of the field angle of the poloxamer lens, wherein the refractive index of the seventh lens is a.
The utility model provides a make up the optical aberration that the lens of this application and line laser sensor, it can correct by the lens group of making up the optical aberration that protective glass brought through setting up off-axis cylindrical mirror in the lens group of making up the optical, has kept protective glass again simultaneously in order to avoid the sensor chip to receive dust pollution to imaging has been promoted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art line laser sensor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the light contrast in the meridian and sagittal directions of a prior art lens;
FIG. 3a is a transverse fan diagram of a single ray in the meridian and sagittal directions of a prior art Momer lens;
FIG. 3b is a transverse fan diagram of multiple rays in the meridian and sagittal directions of a prior art Momer lens;
FIG. 4 is a schematic MTF diagram of a prior art poloxamer lens;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a wire laser sensor and a wire laser lens according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a transverse fan diagram of multiple rays in the meridian and sagittal directions of the juvenile of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of MTF of the poloxamer lens of embodiments of the present application.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of light propagation in the meridian direction of the present invention for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing light propagation of a lens in a sagittal direction according to an embodiment of the present application
FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged schematic view at D in FIG. 11;
FIG. 14 is an upper ray propagation equivalent schematic of the seventh lens of FIG. 10;
FIG. 15 is a bottom ray propagation equivalent schematic of the seventh lens of FIG. 10;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the upper ray propagation of the cover glass of FIG. 10;
fig. 17 is a schematic view showing lower ray propagation of the cover glass of fig. 10.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
The structure and imaging effect of the line laser sensor and the lens of the line laser according to the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to fig. 5 to 16. First, referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a wire laser sensor and a wire laser sensor according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The embodiment of the application provides a line laser sensor, including the camera lens 1 and image sensor 2, wherein image sensor 2 includes sensor chip (unlabeled) and protection glass 20, and protection glass 20 is as the window glass of image sensor 2, can place in the top of sensor chip to with the imaging plane P2 parallel arrangement of sensor chip. The object-side optical line passes through the cover glass 20 from the object plane P1 through the lens 1 to reach the imaging plane P2 of the sensor chip, wherein the cover glass 20 is in a non-perpendicular relationship with the main optical axis O, that is, the included angle c1 between the cover glass 20 and the main optical axis O is not 90 degrees. As an example, the angle between the cover glass 20 and the optical axis on the object side is smaller than 90 degrees, and the thickness of the cover glass 20 is typically in the millimeter scale, for example, may be 1mm.
The juvenile lens 1 of one embodiment of the present application includes a lens group and a diaphragm 10. The lens group includes a first lens element 11, a second lens element 12, a third lens element 13, a fourth lens element 14, a fifth lens element 15, a sixth lens element 16 and a seventh lens element 17, wherein the first lens element 11, the second lens element 12, the third lens element 13, the fourth lens element 14, the fifth lens element 15, the sixth lens element 16 and the seventh lens element 17 are arranged in order from an object side to an image side (left-right image in the drawing). The first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, and the sixth lens 16 are coaxially disposed along a main optical axis O, and the seventh lens 17 is a cylindrical mirror that is offset with respect to the main optical axis O. The diaphragm 10 is disposed between the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14. The main optical axis O 'of the seventh lens 17 is arranged offset from the main optical axis O of the barrel, and the off-axis parameter of the seventh lens 17 is R (in mm), i.e. the main optical axis O' of the seventh lens 17 is offset by R mm from the main optical axis O of the barrel. The seventh lens 17 includes an object-side surface 171 and an image-side surface 172, wherein the object-side surface 171 has a radius of curvature R1 and the image-side surface 172 has a radius of curvature R2, and R1 is substantially equal to R2 in one example. When R1 and R2 are relatively large values, for example, tens or hundreds times the curvature radius of the first lens 11 to the sixth lens 16, the seventh lens 17 may be near-sighted as a flat glass having a certain inclination angle with respect to the main optical axis O (or with respect to the vertical direction), that is, the seventh lens 17 may be equivalent to an inclined flat glass. By setting a suitable inclination angle, or by setting suitable radii of curvature R1 and R2, off-axis parameters R, the asymmetric aberrations caused by the cover glass 20 can be corrected. The curvature radius can be set by combining the principle of the conception of the invention with a conventional experimental means, and can also be equivalently calculated or approximately calculated according to a formula derived hereinafter.
In one specific example, the off-axis parameter R of the seventh lens 17 is 77 millimeters (mm). It will be appreciated that the setting of the off-axis parameter R may be determined synthetically from the parameters of other elements comprised in the juvenile lens 1. Table 1 is a specific example of the inventive lens 1. In the present embodiment, the radius of curvature of the seventh lens 17 is 1052.034mm, that is, r1=r2= 1052.034mm, except that the off-axis parameter R of the seventh lens 17 is 77 mm. In table 1, there are parameters of the first lens element 11-sixth lens element 16, and as shown in the table, the radii of curvature of the object-side surface of the first lens element 11, the image-side surface of the first lens element 11, the object-side surface of the second lens element 12, the object-side surface of the third lens element 13, the object-side surface of the fourth lens element 14, the image-side surface of the fourth lens element 14, the object-side surface of the fifth lens element 15, the object-side surface of the sixth lens element 16 and the image-side surface of the sixth lens element 16 are respectively 30.8 mm, 101.2 mm, 16 mm, 10.8 mm, 7.8 mm, -23.3 mm, -15.7 mm, 65 mm, -21.3 mm and-70.9 mm. Wherein the occurrence of a radius of curvature "-" indicates that the center of curvature of the lens or lens surface is on the object side of the lens or lens surface.
TABLE 1
The corresponding transverse light fan diagram and MTF curve diagram can be obtained by ZEMAX optical simulation software according to the parameters of the table 1 to form the poloxamer lens 1. Fig. 6 and 7 show, where fig. 6 is a transverse fan diagram of multiple rays in a meridian direction and a sagittal direction of the poloxamer lens according to the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 7 is a schematic MTF diagram of the poloxamer lens according to the embodiment of the present application. Compared with the prior art, the optical fiber type optical fiber lens has the advantages that the optical fiber lens with the off-axis cylindrical lens is added, the consistency of the light aberration curve in the meridian direction in the transverse optical fan image and the light aberration curve in the sagittal direction is obviously improved, meanwhile, the OTF module value is improved to more than 0.6 at the position of 140 line pairs/mm, and the imaging performance of the optical fiber type optical fiber lens is obviously improved.
In some embodiments, the seventh lens 17 may be a plano-convex cylindrical lens, a plano-concave cylindrical lens, a biconvex cylindrical lens, a biconcave cylindrical lens, a meniscus cylindrical lens, a cylinder cross cylindrical lens, or a contoured cylindrical lens.
In some embodiments, the material of the seventh lens 17 is a lanthanide optical glass, preferably a heavy lanthanum flint optical glass. In a specific example, as shown in table 1, the seventh lens 17 may be an optical glass of model H-ZLAF 55C.
In some embodiments, the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, and the sixth lens 16 are a positive power spherical lens, a negative power spherical lens, a positive power spherical lens, a negative power spherical lens, respectively. It should be understood that the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15 and the sixth lens 16 may be replaced by other types of lens groups, and are not limited to the specific settings of the 6P spherical lens listed in this example, for example, may be 7P spherical lenses, and specific positive power and negative power settings may be determined according to different needs.
Referring to fig. 8 and fig. 9 in combination, fig. 8 is a schematic view of structures and light propagation of a lens and an image sensor of the linear laser sensor in a meridian direction according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 9 is a schematic view of structures and light propagation of a lens and an image sensor of the linear laser sensor in a sagittal direction according to an embodiment of the present application. The asymmetric aberration caused by the protective glass 20 is balanced and corrected by adding the offset cylindrical lens between the spherical lens group (the first lens 11-the sixth lens 16) and the protective glass 20 of the traditional poloxamer lens, so that the imaging quality of the poloxamer lens 1 is improved, and the performance of the linear laser sensor is further improved. Meanwhile, as the protective glass does not need to be removed, the sensor chip can be well protected from dust, so that pollution of dust to a chip circuit is reduced, and the imaging effect is influenced.
Please refer to fig. 10-13, wherein fig. 10 and 11 are partial enlarged schematic views of fig. 8 and 9, respectively. Fig. 12 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 10, and fig. 13 is an enlarged schematic view at D in fig. 11. Through these figuresAs can be seen, the angles of the meridian direction edge rays S1, S2 and the chief ray S0 are a1, a2, respectively, and a1=a2, and the angles of the Hu Shi direction edge rays S1, S2 and the chief ray S0 are b1, b2, respectively, and b1=b2. To achieve balanced aberrations, a1=a2=b1 needs to be satisfied. The cover glass 20 can be regarded as a plate glass which is obliquely arranged, i.e. the incident plane and the exit plane are substantially parallel, assuming that the angle of inclination of the cover glass 20 is r 1 That is, the protection glass 20 has an angle r with respect to the vertical direction 1 Having a thickness d 1 Refractive index n 1 It can be seen that c1+r1=90°, the vertical direction is the direction perpendicular to the main optical axis O. The off-axis cylindrical mirror (i.e., the seventh lens 17) is approximately a flat glass, its two sides are also substantially parallel, and it is assumed that its angle with the vertical is r 2 Thickness d 2 Refractive index n 2 The angle of view of the lens is 2a (i.e., a is one half of the angle of view), wherein the angle of view 2a is determined by the combination of the parameters of the first lens 11-sixth lens 16 and the diaphragm 10. In addition, let the refractive index of air be n.
Referring to fig. 14, for the seventh lens 17, an upper incident light ray L 1 An incident angle a on the second surface of the off-axis cylindrical mirror 21 Incident point o 21 An emergence angle of a 22 Second plane incident point o 22 Incident angle a 23 Angle of emergence a 24 ，o 21 And o 22 The length of the connecting line is l 21 An included angle with the horizontal line is b 21 ，L 1 Is incident on the first plane o 21 With the second plane incident point o 22 Is offset in the vertical direction by y 21 . Wherein the first side of the off-axis cylindrical mirror refers to the side from which light enters the off-axis cylindrical mirror from air and the second side refers to the side from which light exits; the cylindrical mirror enters the face of the air. From the refraction principle, it is known that: sin a 21 *n 0 ＝Sin a 22 *n 2 ＝Sin a 23 *n 2 ＝Sin a 24 *n 0 Further, it can be seen that:
a 22 ＝a 23 ；
a 21 ＝a-r 2 ；
a 22 ＝arcsin(Sin a 21 *n 0 /n 2 )＝arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )；
b 21 ＝a 23 +r 2 ；
y 21 ＝l 21 *Sin b 21 ；
l 21 ＝d 2 /Cos a 22 ；
the comprehensive preparation method comprises the following steps:
y 21 ＝d 2 *Sin b 21 /Cos a 22 ＝d 2 *Sin(a 23 +r 2 )/Cos a 22 ＝d 2 *Sin(a 22 +r 2 )/Cos a 22 … … (1)
Referring to FIG. 15, lower incident light ray L 2 An incident angle a on the first surface of the off-axis cylindrical mirror 26 Incident point o 23 An emergence angle of a 27 Second plane incident point o 24 Incident angle a 28 Angle of emergence a 29 ，o 23 And o 24 The length of the connecting line is l 22 An included angle with the horizontal line is b 22 ，L 2 Is incident on the first plane o 23 With the second plane incident point o 24 Is offset in the vertical direction by y 22 。
It can be seen that: sin a 26 *n 0 ＝Sin a 27 *n 2 ＝Sin a 28 *n 2 ＝Sin a 29 *n 0 ；
a 26 ＝a 29 ；
a 27 ＝a 28 ；
a 26 ＝a+r 2 ；
a 27 ＝arcsin(Sin a 26 *n 0 /n 2 )＝arcsin(Sin(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )
b 22 ＝a 28 -r 2 ；
y 22 ＝l 22 *Sin b 22 ；
l 22 ＝d 2 /Cos a 27 ；
The comprehensive preparation method comprises the following steps:
y 22 ＝d 2 *Sin b 22 /Cos a 27 ＝d 2 *Sin(a 28 -r 2 )/Cos a 27 ＝d 2 *Sin(a 27 -r 2 )/Cos a 27 … … formula (2);
the vertical aberration of the off-axis cylindrical mirror is delta y 2 Wherein: Δy 2 ＝y 21 -y 22 。
The combination of formula (1) and formula (2) can be obtained:
Δy 2 ＝d 2 *Sin(a 22 +r 2 )/Cos a 22 -d 2 *Sin(a 27 -r 2 )/Cos a 27
and can further obtain: Δy 2 ＝d 2 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )+r 2 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )-d 2 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )-r 2 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 ) … … (3)
Referring to FIG. 16, an upper incident ray L 1 An incident angle a on the first surface of the protective glass 11 Incident point o 11 An emergence angle of a 12 Second plane incident point o 12 Incident angle a 13 Angle of emergence a 14 ，o 11 And o 12 The length of the connecting line is l 11 An included angle with the horizontal line is b 11 ，L 1 Is incident on the first plane o 11 With the second plane incident point o 12 Is offset in the vertical direction by y 11
It can be seen that: sin a 11 *n 0 ＝Sin a 12 *n 1 ＝Sin a 13 *n 1 ＝Sin a 14 *n 0 ；
a 14 ＝a 11 ；
a 12 ＝a 13 ；
a 11 ＝a 24 +r 1 +r 2 ＝a 21 +r 1 +r 2 ＝a+r 1
a 12 ＝arcsin(Sin a 11 *n 0 /n 1 )＝arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )
b 11 ＝a 12 -r 1 ；
y 11 ＝l 11 *Sin b 11 ；
l 11 ＝d 1 /Cos a 12 ；
The comprehensive preparation method comprises the following steps: y is 11 ＝d 1 *Sin b 11 /Cos a 12 ＝d 1 *Sin(a 12 -r 1 )/Cos a 12 ＝d 1 *Sin(a 12 -r 1 )/Cos a 12 … … (4)
Referring to FIG. 17, lower incident light ray L 2 On the first side of the cover glass 20, the incident angle a is 16 Incident point o 13 An emergence angle of a 17 Second plane incident point o 14 Incident angle a 18 Angle of emergence a 19 ，o 13 And o 14 The length of the connecting line is l 12 An included angle with the horizontal line is b 12 ，L 2 Is incident on the first plane o 13 With the second plane incident point o 14 Is offset in the vertical direction by y 12 。
It is easy to know that: sin a 16 *n 0 ＝Sin a 17 *n 1 ＝Sin a 18 *n 1 ＝Sin a 19 *n 0 ；
a 16 ＝a 19 ；
a 17 ＝a 18 ；
a 16 ＝a 29 -r 2 -r 1 ＝a 26 -r 2 -r 1 ＝a+r 2 -r 2 -r 1 ＝a-r 1 ；
a 17 ＝arcsin(Sin a 16 *n 0 /n 1 )＝arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )
b 12 ＝a 18 +r 1 ；
y 12 ＝l 12 *Sin b 12 ；
l 12 ＝d 1 /Cos a 17 ；
The comprehensive preparation method comprises the following steps: y is 12 ＝d 1 *Sin b 12 /Cos a 17 ＝d 1 *Sin(a 18 +r 1 )/Cos a 17 ＝d 1 *Sin(a 17 +r 1 )/Cos a 17 … … (5)
Then the vertical aberration of the cover glass is deltay 1 ＝y 11 -y 12 . From the formulae (4) and (5), Δy is known 1 ＝d 1 *Sin(a 12 -r 1 )/Cos a 12 -d 1 *Sin(a 17 +r 1 )/Cos a 17 . Further, it is possible to obtain:
Δy 1 ＝d 1 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )+r 1 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )-d 1 *Sin
(arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )-r 1 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 ) … … (6)
In order to compensate or balance the aberration caused by the cover glass 20, Δy needs to be satisfied 1 +Δy 2 =0, and can be obtained according to formulae (3) and (6):
d 1 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )+r 1 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )-d 1 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )-r 1 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )+d 2 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )+r 2 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )-d 2 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )-r 2 )/Cos arcsin(Sin
(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 ) =0 … … (7)
That is to sayIn other words, in the case where the parameters of the cover glass 20 and the spherical lens group are known, the parameters of the seventh lens 17 or the equivalent parameters that can be used to correct aberrations can be calculated according to the formula (7). It will be appreciated that equation (7) may be further simplified, such as by refractive index n of air 0 The value is 1. It should be further understood that the above formula reasoning is based on some basic theories of optics and combined with some approximate conditions under the concept of the present invention, and cannot be used to strictly limit the protection scope of the present application, and those skilled in the art can perform limited experiments to obtain reasonable lens parameters under the basic concept of the present application in combination with conventional experimental means so as to achieve the purpose of correcting aberrations, so that the reasonable parameter ranges obtained based on the concept of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present application.
In some embodiments, the direction of inclination of the seventh lens 17 is opposite to the direction of inclination of the cover glass, for example, as shown in fig. 5, the angle c1 between the object side surface of the cover glass 20 and the main optical axis O is smaller than 90 °, and the angle between the object side surface of the seventh lens 17 and the main optical axis O is larger than 90 °.
In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices, or elements, or may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the embodiments of the present application.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A sand lens, comprising:
the lens group comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens and a seventh lens, wherein the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens and the seventh lens are sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens and the sixth lens are coaxially arranged along an optical axis, and the seventh lens is an off-axis cylindrical lens;
and the diaphragm is arranged between the third lens and the fourth lens.
2. The juvenile lens of claim 1, wherein the seventh lens includes an object-side surface and an image-side surface, the object-side surface having a radius of curvature equal to a radius of curvature of the image-side surface.
3. The juvenile lens of claim 2, wherein the object side surface has a radius of curvature of 1052 millimeters.
4. The juvenile lens of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the seventh lens has an off-axis parameter of 77 millimeters.
5. The lens of claim 1, wherein the seventh lens is a plano-convex cylindrical lens, a plano-concave cylindrical lens, a biconvex cylindrical lens, a biconcave cylindrical lens, a meniscus cylindrical lens, a cylindrical-cross cylindrical lens, or a contoured cylindrical-like lens.
6. The juvenile lens of claim 1, wherein the spherical lens group includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, and the sixth lens being a positive power spherical lens, a negative power spherical lens, a positive power spherical lens, a negative power spherical lens, respectively.
7. The juvenile lens of claim 1, wherein the object-side surface of the first lens, the image-side surface of the first lens, the object-side surface of the second lens, the object-side surface of the third lens, the object-side surface of the fourth lens, the image-side surface of the fourth lens, the object-side surface of the fifth lens, the object-side surface of the sixth lens, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens have radii of curvature of 30.8 millimeters, 101.2 millimeters, 16 millimeters, 10.8 millimeters, 7.8 millimeters, -23.3 millimeters, -15.7 millimeters, 65 millimeters, -21.3 millimeters, and-70.9 millimeters, respectively.
8. The line laser sensor is characterized by comprising an image sensor and a lens, wherein the lens is the lens according to any one of claims 1-9, the image sensor comprises a sensor chip and a protective glass, an object-side light passes through the protective glass after passing through the lens to reach the sensor chip, and the protective glass is in a non-perpendicular relation with an optical axis.
9. The line laser sensor of claim 8, wherein the cover glass is tilted in a direction opposite to a direction of tilting of a seventh lens of the juvenile lens.
10. The line laser sensor of claim 8, wherein the urethane lens satisfies:
d 1 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )+r 1 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a+r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )-d 1 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )-r 1 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a-r 1 )*n 0 /n 1 )+d 2 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )+r 2 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a–r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )-d 2 *Sin(arcsin(Sin(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 )-r 2 )/Cos arcsin(Sin(a+r 2 )*n 0 /n 2 ) =0, where r 1 D for protecting the inclination angle of the glass 1 N is the thickness of the protective glass 1 R is the refractive index of the protective glass 2 D, the inclination angle of the seventh lens of the poloxamer lens is d 2 For the thickness of the seventh lens, n 2 And a is one half of the field angle of the poloxamer lens, wherein the refractive index of the seventh lens is a.
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