CN116357989A - Waste gas purification system and purification method - Google Patents
Waste gas purification system and purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116357989A CN116357989A CN202310382627.7A CN202310382627A CN116357989A CN 116357989 A CN116357989 A CN 116357989A CN 202310382627 A CN202310382627 A CN 202310382627A CN 116357989 A CN116357989 A CN 116357989A
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- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(PC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=C1 ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisononyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of organic waste gas treatment, and particularly discloses a waste gas purification system and a waste gas purification method. The waste gas purification system comprises a catalytic combustion bed, a first-stage heat exchanger, an adsorption mechanism, an air extraction mechanism and a second-stage heat exchanger. The first-stage heat exchanger is provided with a first heat medium channel and a first refrigerant channel. The second-stage heat exchanger is provided with a second heat medium channel and a second refrigerant channel. The outlet of the catalytic combustion bed is connected with the first heating medium channel. The first heat medium channel is connected with the second heat medium channel. The first refrigerant channel is communicated with a first oxygen-containing gas source. The pumping mechanism has a first inlet and a second inlet. The second inlet is communicated with a second oxygen-containing gas source. The first refrigerant channel and the first inlet are connected to the adsorption mechanism. The second refrigerant channel is connected with the outlet of the air extracting mechanism and the catalytic combustion bed. By introducing fresh air to exchange heat with high-temperature gas after combustion and desorbing adsorbed equipment, the problems of accumulation of circulating desorption gas concentration, insufficient combustion caused by mixed air desorption and the like are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the technical field of organic waste gas treatment, and more particularly, to a waste gas purification system and a purification method.
Background
The plasticizer is a key component in the production of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) artificial leather, and is an auxiliary agent with the greatest influence on the physical properties of PVC soft products. The plasticizers currently used are mainly: DOP (dioctyl phthalate) plasticizer, DINP (diisononyl phthalate) plasticizer, DOA (dioctyl adipate) plasticizer and ESO (epoxidized soybean oil), wherein DOP is the most common plasticizer and is the most harmful to human body. In the production process of PVC artificial leather, the main emission pollutants are as follows: dust, DOP, DINP, DOA, ESO and a small amount of VOCs (volatile organic compounds), and the exhaust temperature of the waste gases is 70-180 ℃.
One method of effectively degrading complex organic waste gases is the adsorption-catalytic combustion method. The adsorption-catalytic combustion method generally adopts a mixed air desorption mode, namely, a part of exhaust gas after the catalytic bed combustion is taken as desorption incoming gas to enter an adsorption device to participate in desorption, so that the problems of accumulated concentration of circulating desorption gas, insufficient oxygen content, insufficient combustion and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of insufficient combustion and the like caused by accumulation of concentration of circulating desorption gas and insufficient oxygen content due to adoption of a mixed air desorption mode in a common adsorption-catalytic combustion method, the application provides an exhaust gas purification system and an exhaust gas purification method.
In a first aspect, the present application proposes an exhaust gas purification system, and proposes the following technical solutions.
An exhaust gas purification system comprises a catalytic combustion bed, a first-stage heat exchanger, an adsorption mechanism, an air extraction mechanism and a second-stage heat exchanger;
the first-stage heat exchanger is provided with a first heat medium channel and a first refrigerant channel; the second-stage heat exchanger is provided with a second heat medium channel and a second refrigerant channel;
the outlet of the catalytic combustion bed is connected with the inlet of the first heating medium channel; the outlet of the first heat medium channel is connected with the inlet of the second heat medium channel;
an inlet of the first refrigerant channel is communicated with a first oxygen-containing gas source; the air extraction mechanism is provided with a first inlet and a second inlet; the second inlet is communicated with a second oxygen-containing gas source through a fresh air valve;
the outlet of the first refrigerant channel and the first inlet of the air extraction mechanism are respectively connected to the two opposite ends of the adsorption mechanism;
the outlet of the air extraction mechanism is connected with the inlet of the second refrigerant channel; the outlet of the second refrigerant passage is connected with the inlet of the catalytic combustion bed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the air extraction mechanism has first entry and second entry, the second entry passes through fresh air valve intercommunication second oxygen-containing air supply, when carrying out the desorption, can close the breather valve that adsorption mechanism connects between air extraction mechanism and second level heat exchanger earlier, open the fresh air valve, start the heating mechanism of air extraction mechanism and catalytic combustion bed, introduce fresh air and get into circulation system and heat, after heating to the light-off temperature, then open the valve of the equipment of waiting to desorb in the adsorption mechanism again, and close the fresh air valve, the first oxygen-containing air supply that gets into first refrigerant passageway also is heated to higher temperature through the heat transfer, thereby can carry out the desorption to the equipment of waiting to desorb, desorption gas circulation is back in the catalytic combustion bed and is burnt, the gas after the burning is discharged the system after the cooling of first level heat exchanger and second level heat exchanger. The exhaust temperature is reduced while the combusted gas passes through the second-stage heat exchanger while circulating, and the desorption gas passing through the second-stage heat exchanger can be preheated, so that the waste heat of the exhaust gas is effectively utilized, and the electric heating energy consumption of the combustion bed is reduced. According to the scheme, fresh air of the first oxygen-containing air source is introduced to conduct heat exchange with high-temperature gas after combustion to serve as pre-desorption air, equipment after adsorption is desorbed, the whole desorption process is safe, and the problems that concentration accumulation of circulating desorption gas is caused by mixed air desorption, combustion is insufficient due to insufficient oxygen content and the like are solved.
As an improvement of the exhaust gas purification system, the outlet of the first refrigerant channel is also communicated with the first oxygen-containing gas source through a cooling valve.
By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature reducing valve can be opened when the desorption temperature exceeds the safety temperature of the adsorption mechanism and the like, so as to reduce the temperature of desorption gas, maintain proper desorption rate, reduce the ignition risk of the adsorption mechanism and the like.
As an improvement of the exhaust gas purification system, the first oxygen-containing gas source and the second oxygen-containing gas source are both air.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt air to carry out desorption and as the medium of burning as the new trend, the gas discharge system after the burning does not get into desorption circulation, and the circulation desorption gas can not accumulate, has effectively supported the required oxygen concentration of burning to adopt fresh air as circulation desorption and burning medium, energy-concerving and environment-protective.
As an improvement of the exhaust gas purification system, the exhaust gas purification system further comprises a first stage cooler and a second stage cooler connected in series; an inlet of the first stage cooler is connected with an exhaust gas source; the outlet of the second stage cooler is communicated with the adsorption mechanism.
By adopting the technical scheme, the two-stage cooling method can fully cool the waste gas.
As an improvement of the exhaust gas purification system, the exhaust gas purification system further comprises an electrostatic oil remover and an exhaust gas filter connected in series; the electrostatic oil remover utilizes a high-voltage electric field to charge oil smoke particles so as to be adsorbed and removed; the waste gas filter is internally provided with a bag filter, and residual tobacco tar small molecules are further intercepted and filtered. The outlet of the second-stage cooler is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic oil remover, and the outlet of the exhaust gas filter is connected with the adsorption mechanism.
By adopting the technical scheme, the main pollutant has similar properties to the oil fume, and the higher the temperature is, the higher the viscosity is, so that the smooth flow of the oil fume is affected. For sticky waste gas, such as organic waste gas, especially plasticizer waste gas, most of oil smoke is condensed by cooling, so that the air inlet temperature requirement of rear-end purification equipment is met, and then the secondary oil removal process of electrostatic oil removal and bag type filtration is performed, so that oily components are removed efficiently.
As an improvement of the exhaust gas purification system, the adsorption mechanism comprises three adsorbers connected in parallel; the waste gas purification system further comprises an adsorption fan; the adsorption fans are respectively connected with the three adsorbers through three branches, and vent valves are arranged at the outlet and the inlet of the adsorbers on each branch; the adsorption fan may be configured to extract the exhaust gas flowing out from the outlet of the exhaust gas filter, and to flow the exhaust gas through the three adsorbers, and the exhaust gas may be adsorbed by the adsorbers and then discharged as a purge gas.
By adopting the technical scheme, 1-2 of the three adsorbers can be selected for adsorption, the rest adsorbers are standby or are subjected to desorption, cooling and the like, the cooled adsorbers can be switched into the adsorption state again, and the adsorbed adsorbers can be switched into the desorption state, so that the operation efficiency of the system is improved.
As an improvement of the exhaust gas purifying system, the adsorption fans are arranged at the rear ends of the three adsorbers, so that the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the adsorbers and then becomes purified gas, and then flows through the adsorption fans to be discharged.
By adopting the technical scheme, the gas sucked into the adsorption fan is purified gas, so that the risk of corrosion of the adsorption fan is reduced.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides an exhaust gas purifying method, and adopts the following technical scheme.
An exhaust gas purifying method is performed using the exhaust gas purifying system described above. The adsorption mechanism comprises a plurality of adsorbers connected in parallel; the outlet of the first refrigerant channel and the first inlet of the air extraction mechanism are respectively connected to the two ends of each adsorber through a plurality of branches, and on each branch, the two ends of each adsorber are provided with a ventilation valve; the purification method comprises the following steps:
and (3) desorption: closing all ventilation valves at two ends of the adsorber to be desorbed, opening the fresh air valve, and opening the air extraction mechanism and the heating program of the catalytic combustion bed so as to introduce gas of a second oxygen-containing gas source into the catalytic combustion bed for preheating; after the catalytic combustion bed is preheated to a temperature higher than the light-off temperature of the catalytic combustion bed, a vent valve between the adsorber to be desorbed and a first inlet of the air pumping mechanism is opened, a vent valve between the adsorber to be desorbed and a first refrigerant channel outlet is opened, the fresh air valve is closed, so that oxygen-containing fresh air flows through the adsorber to be desorbed, the desorbed gas sequentially flows through the air pumping mechanism and a second refrigerant channel, enters the catalytic combustion bed to be combusted, is discharged to the first heat medium channel, and is discharged through the second heat medium channel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the new trend of introducing the second oxygen-containing air source earlier preheats in partial circulation route, after preheating to the light-off temperature of catalytic combustion bed is above, the new trend of introducing the first oxygen-containing air source again carries out the desorption in desorption circulation route, the new trend is heated to higher temperature, can carry out high-efficient desorption to the waste gas in the adsorption equipment, and when passing the second level heat exchanger, can adsorb the heat of burning waste gas, throw into catalytic combustion bed again, the electric heat energy consumption of catalytic combustion bed has been reduced, the waste gas is burnt the back and is passed through first level heat exchanger, heat the new trend, and the waste gas after the burning flows into the second level heat exchanger and discharges to the atmosphere. The purification method adopts fresh air as desorption air to desorb adsorbed equipment, the whole desorption process is safe, and the problems of accumulation of circulating desorption gas concentration, insufficient combustion and the like caused by mixed air desorption are solved.
In a third aspect, the present application further proposes an improved exhaust gas purification method, and adopts the following technical solution.
An exhaust gas purifying method is performed using the above exhaust gas purifying system provided with three adsorbers connected in parallel. The purification method comprises the following steps:
adsorption stage: the waste gas is cooled to below 70 ℃ through a first stage cooler, then cooled to below 35 ℃ through a second stage cooler, then flows through the electrostatic oil remover and the waste gas filter, then passes through two adsorbers of the adsorption mechanism, and is adsorbed to become purified gas to be discharged; the other adsorber is ready for use or in a desorption phase.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the two-stage cooling is more abundant to the cooling of waste gas, the waste gas is cooled to below 70 ℃ earlier and makes most oil smoke liquefaction in the waste gas become the liquid droplet and pass through the exhaust of first stage cooler bottom and arrange the clean, and is cooled to below 35 ℃ again, on the one hand make the non-condensed liquid droplet in the waste gas further liquefy the liquid droplet and pass through the exhaust of second stage cooler bottom and arrange the oil removal load of reducing the rear end, on the other hand make waste gas temperature reduce in order to satisfy the absorptive adsorption temperature of rear end molecular sieve adsorption, guarantee the adsorption effect, the waste gas passes through the filter after getting into electrostatic degreaser deoiling after the cooling for less fog droplet is adsorbed and is got rid of, has got rid of oil smoke viscosity component by the high efficiency, can promote the exhaust gas flowability, the adsorption efficiency of the adsorber of the next step setting.
As a further improvement of the above-described exhaust gas purifying method, the purifying method includes:
and (3) a cooling stage: after the desorption stage is finished, the desorption system is cooled, the heating program of the catalytic combustion bed is closed, the fresh air valve and the air exhaust mechanism are opened, fresh air is introduced to cool the catalytic combustion bed and the adsorbers after desorption, and after the temperature is reduced to a safe value, the air exhaust mechanism and the fresh air valve are closed, so that the cooling is completed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the system after desorption is cooled by adopting fresh air, the safety is high, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the cooled adsorber can be transferred into the adsorption stage again.
In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the front end of the waste gas adopts a two-stage cooling mode, and then processes such as electrostatic degreasing, filtering, adsorption catalytic combustion and the like are combined to treat the waste gas, the adsorbent can adopt a molecular sieve, high-temperature desorption can be carried out, the adsorbent is suitable for high-boiling-point gases such as plasticizers, the desorption process adopts a full fresh air process, and the device can be used for thoroughly treating plasticizer organic waste gas and has high purification efficiency. Meanwhile, the full fresh air desorption is adopted in the desorption process, and the desorption process is safer. The outlet of the catalytic bed is provided with a two-stage heat exchanger, so that the exhaust heat is recovered greatly, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall connection of an exhaust gas purification system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the exhaust gas purifying method.
Part of the reference numerals: the device comprises a first-stage cooler E-101, a second-stage cooler E-102, an electrostatic oil remover R-101, an exhaust gas filter R-102, a catalytic combustion bed R-104, a first-stage heat exchanger E-103, an adsorption fan C-101, a second-stage heat exchanger E-104, an exhaust funnel ST-101, a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device F-101, a flame arrester ZH-101, a first adsorber R-103A, a second adsorber R-103B, a third adsorber R-103C, a cooling valve V03, a fresh air valve V04 and a desorption fan C-102.
Detailed Description
Some embodiments of the exhaust gas purifying system and the exhaust gas purifying method thereof of the present application are specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an exhaust gas purifying system includes a first stage cooler E-101 and a second stage cooler E-102 connected in series, an electrostatic oil remover R-101 and an exhaust gas filter R-102 connected in series, a catalytic combustion bed R-104, a first stage heat exchanger E-103, an adsorption mechanism, an adsorption blower C-101, an air extraction mechanism, a second stage heat exchanger E-104, an exhaust stack ST-101, and may further include a fire extinguishing device, such as a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device F-101, and may further include a flame arrester ZH-101.
Under the air suction effect of the adsorption fan C-101, the waste gas sequentially passes through the first-stage cooler E-101, the second-stage cooler E-102, the electrostatic oil remover R-101, the waste gas filter R-102, the adsorption mechanism, the adsorption fan C-101 and the exhaust drum ST-101 to form an adsorption-discharge path.
Wherein the inlet of the first stage cooler E-101 is connected to an exhaust gas source through a vent valve V01. The outlet of the second stage cooler E-102 is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic oil remover R-101. The outlet of the exhaust gas filter R-102 is connected to the adsorption mechanism. Through the two-stage cooling mode, the system fully cools the waste gas.
The first-stage cooler E-101 can adopt a finned tube mode, the waste gas and normal-temperature circulating water are subjected to indirect heat exchange, the waste gas can be cooled to be within 70 ℃, and an oil drain port is arranged at the bottom of the first-stage cooler E-101, so that the device is easy to overhaul and clean.
The second-stage cooler E-102 adopts a fin tube mode, and carries out indirect heat exchange on the waste gas and low-temperature chilled water, so that the waste gas can be cooled to be within 35 ℃, and the bottom of the second-stage cooler E-102 is provided with an oil drain port, so that the device is easy to overhaul and clean.
The electrostatic oil remover R-101 utilizes a high-voltage electric field to charge oil smoke particles so as to be adsorbed and removed. And a bag filter is arranged in the waste gas filter R-102 to further intercept and filter residual small molecules of the tobacco tar. For the main pollutant, the property is similar to that of the oil smoke, the higher the temperature is, the higher the viscosity is, and thus the smooth flow of the oil smoke is affected. For sticky waste gas, such as organic waste gas, especially plasticizer waste gas, most of oil smoke is condensed by cooling, so that the air inlet temperature requirement of rear-end purification equipment is met, and then the secondary oil removal process of electrostatic oil removal and bag type filtration is performed, so that oily components are removed efficiently.
In an alternative embodiment, the adsorption mechanism comprises three adsorbers in parallel. The first adsorber R-103A, the second adsorber R-103B and the third adsorber R-103C are respectively arranged. The adsorbers can be molecular sieve fixed beds filled with hydrophobic honeycomb molecular sieves as adsorbents. An insulating layer is arranged in the molecular sieve fixed bed. The first adsorber R-103A is provided with temperature sensors TA1 and TA2. The second adsorber R-103B is provided with temperature sensors TB1 and TB2. The third adsorber R-103C is provided with temperature sensors TC1 and TC2.
The electrostatic oil remover R-101 is based on the principle that oil smoke particles are charged by a high-voltage electric field and then adsorbed and removed, and the risk of fire disaster occurs in the aspect of safety. Because the temperature of the molecular sieve fixed bed is higher in the desorption process, although the adsorbent is not flammable, certain potential safety hazards still exist. Thus, a high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device F-101 is arranged, and the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device F-101 is respectively connected with the electrostatic oil remover R-101 and three adsorbers connected in parallel. Preventing the abnormal overtemperature and other possible safety accidents in the static oil remover R-101 and the molecular sieve fixed bed. Meanwhile, a fireproof valve V02 and a fireproof valve V02' are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the electrostatic oil remover R-101, and when the temperature sensing probe reaches an alarm value, the fireproof valve is automatically closed to block fire and isolate air.
The adsorption fan C-101 is respectively connected with three adsorbers through three branches, and vent valves are arranged at the outlet and the inlet of each adsorber on each branch. The adsorption fan C-101 can be arranged at the rear ends of the three adsorbers or at the front ends of the three adsorbers. The adsorption fans C-101 are arranged at the rear ends of the three adsorbers, so that waste gas is firstly adsorbed by the adsorbers and then becomes purified gas, and then flows through the adsorption fans C-101 to be discharged, and the risk that the adsorption fans C-101 are corroded by the waste gas is reduced.
The outlet of the exhaust gas filter R-102 is connected to the three adsorbers via three branches, respectively, and a ventilation valve is provided in each branch.
And a ventilation valve VA1 is arranged between the exhaust gas filter R-102 and the first adsorber R-103A on the branch where the first adsorber R-103A is positioned, and a ventilation valve VA2 is arranged between the first adsorber R-103A and the adsorption fan C-101.
And a ventilation valve VB1 is arranged between the exhaust gas filter R-102 and the second adsorber R-103B on the branch where the second adsorber R-103B is positioned, and a ventilation valve VB2 is arranged between the second adsorber R-103B and the adsorption fan C-101.
And a ventilation valve VC1 is arranged between the exhaust gas filter R-102 and the third adsorber R-103C on the branch where the third adsorber R-103C is positioned, and a ventilation valve VC2 is arranged between the third adsorber R-103C and the adsorption fan C-101.
The adsorption blower C-101 is capable of extracting the exhaust gas flowing out from the outlet of the exhaust gas filter R-102 and passing the exhaust gas through the three adsorbers, and the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the adsorbers and then discharged as a purge gas.
In normal operation, two of the three adsorbers can be selected for adsorption, the rest one adsorber is standby or is subjected to desorption, cooling and the like, the cooled adsorber can be switched to an adsorption state again, and the adsorbed adsorber can be switched to a desorption state, so that the operation efficiency of the system is improved.
The first-stage heat exchanger E-103 is provided with a first heat medium channel and a first refrigerant channel. The second-stage heat exchanger E-104 is provided with a second heat medium channel and a second refrigerant channel.
The outlet of the catalytic combustion bed R-104 is connected to the inlet of the first heat medium channel. And the outlet of the first heat medium channel is connected with the inlet of the second heat medium channel.
The inlet of the first refrigerant passage communicates with a first oxygen-containing gas source, such as fresh air. In an improved embodiment, the first oxygen-containing gas source is further provided with a branch communicated with the outlet of the first refrigerant channel, and a cooling valve V03 is arranged on the branch, so that the cooling valve V03 can be opened when the desorption temperature exceeds the safety temperature of the adsorption mechanism and the like, and fresh air after heat exchange is cooled, so that a proper desorption rate is maintained, and the risk of ignition of the adsorption mechanism is reduced.
The suction mechanism has a first inlet and a second inlet. The second inlet is communicated with a second oxygen-containing air source through a fresh air valve V04, and the second oxygen-containing air source can be fresh air. The air extraction mechanism comprises a desorption fan C-102. The desorption fan C-102 is connected with the first inlet and the second inlet. The second inlet is provided with a fresh air valve V04.
The outlet of the first refrigerant channel and the first inlet of the air pumping mechanism are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the three adsorbers.
In an improvement, a fire arrestor ZH-101 is also arranged at the first inlet of the air extraction mechanism. And a flame arrester ZH-101 is arranged between the desorption fan C-102 and the three adsorbers, so that tempering can be prevented, and a safety protection effect is achieved.
For the desorption loop:
and a ventilation valve VA3 is arranged between the flame arrestor ZH-101 and the first adsorber R-103A on the branch where the first adsorber R-103A is positioned, and a ventilation valve VA4 is arranged between the first adsorber R-103A and the outlet of the first refrigerant channel.
And a vent valve VB3 is arranged between the flame arrester ZH-101 and the second adsorber R-103B on the branch where the second adsorber R-103B is positioned, and a vent valve VB4 is arranged between the second adsorber R-103B and the outlet of the first refrigerant channel.
And a ventilation valve VC3 is arranged between the flame arrestor ZH-101 and the third adsorber R-103C on the branch where the third adsorber R-103C is positioned, and a ventilation valve VC4 is arranged between the third adsorber R-103C and the outlet of the first refrigerant channel.
The outlet of the air extraction mechanism, namely the outlet of the desorption fan C-102, is connected with the inlet of the second refrigerant channel. The outlet of the second refrigerant passage is connected with the inlet of the catalytic combustion bed R-104.
The catalytic combustion bed R-104 can adopt an explosion-proof electric heater as a heating element, noble metal as a catalyst, and perform catalytic oxidative decomposition on the desorbed high-concentration waste gas to purify the waste gas.
The first-stage heat exchanger E-103 and the second-stage heat exchanger E-104 can both adopt the plate type heat exchange principle, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.
During desorption, all ventilation valves at two ends of an adsorber to be desorbed can be closed, a fresh air valve V04 is opened, a desorption fan C-102 is started, a catalytic combustion bed R-104 comprises a heating mechanism of the desorption fan C-102, so that fresh air is introduced into a circulating system and is heated to a light-off temperature, for example, 200-300 ℃, organic waste gas can be combusted under the catalysis of noble metal, and the temperature of the combusted gas can reach 700-1000 ℃. After heating to the light-off temperature, opening a valve (VA 3& VA4, VB3& VB4, or VC3& VC 4) of an adsorber to be desorbed, closing a fresh air valve V04, heating fresh air entering the first refrigerant channel to a higher temperature, such as 220-250 ℃ or 250-300 ℃ or the like, through heat exchange, desorbing equipment to be desorbed by air flow at the temperature, recycling desorbed gas to a catalytic combustion bed R-104 for combustion, and discharging the combusted gas after cooling through a first-stage heat exchanger E-103 and a second-stage heat exchanger E-104. In the circulation, when the combusted gas passes through the second-stage heat exchanger E-104, on one hand, the exhaust temperature is reduced, and on the other hand, the desorption gas passing through the second-stage heat exchanger E-104 can be preheated, so that the waste heat of the exhaust gas is effectively utilized, and the electrothermal energy consumption of a combustion bed is reduced. According to the scheme, fresh air of the first oxygen-containing air source is introduced to conduct heat exchange with high-temperature gas after combustion to serve as pre-desorption air, equipment after adsorption is desorbed, the whole desorption process is safe, and the problems that concentration accumulation of circulating desorption gas is caused by mixed air desorption, combustion is insufficient due to insufficient oxygen content and the like are solved.
Referring to fig. 2, the method for purifying exhaust gas based on the above-mentioned exhaust gas purifying system includes:
1. adsorption stage: starting an adsorption fan C-101, cooling the waste gas to below 70 ℃ through a first stage cooler E-101 under the action of air suction, cooling the waste gas to below 35 ℃ through a second stage cooler E-102, sequentially flowing through the electrostatic oil remover R-101 and the waste gas filter R-102, adsorbing the waste gas through two adsorbers of the adsorption mechanism, forming purified gas after adsorbing the purified gas, discharging the purified gas to an exhaust barrel ST-101, and finally discharging the purified gas to the atmosphere; the other adsorber is ready for use or in a desorption phase. The flow chart of FIG. 2 exemplifies adsorption by the second adsorber R-103B and the third adsorber R-103C.
The device adopts the two-stage cooling to cool the waste gas more fully, the waste gas is cooled to below 70 ℃ firstly, most of the oil smoke in the waste gas is liquefied into small liquid drops which are discharged through the discharge outlet at the bottom of the first-stage cooler, and then cooled to below 35 ℃, on one hand, the small liquid drops which are not condensed in the waste gas are further liquefied into small liquid drops which are discharged through the discharge outlet at the bottom of the second-stage cooler so as to reduce the oil removal load at the rear end, on the other hand, the temperature of the waste gas is reduced so as to meet the adsorption temperature of the adsorption of the rear-end molecular sieve, the adsorption effect is ensured), the cooled waste gas enters the electrostatic oil remover to remove oil, the smaller bag-type fog drops are adsorbed and removed, the oil smoke viscosity component is effectively removed, the mobility of the waste gas flow is improved, and the adsorption efficiency of an absorber arranged at the next step is improved.
2. And (3) desorption: closing all ventilation valves (VA 1& VA2& VA3& VA4, VB1& VB2& VB3& VB4, or VC1& VC2& VC3& VC 4) at two ends of the adsorber to be desorbed, opening the fresh air valve V04, and starting a heating program of the desorption fan C-102 and the catalytic combustion bed R-104 so as to introduce fresh air into the catalytic combustion bed R-104 through the fresh air valve V04 for preheating; after being preheated to the temperature above the ignition temperature of the catalytic combustion bed R-104, for example, the temperature of the gas after combustion can reach 700-1000 ℃ under the catalysis of noble metal, and the like. After the light-off temperature is reached, a vent valve (VA 3, VB3 or VC 3) between the absorber to be desorbed and the flame arrester ZH-101 is opened, a vent valve (VA 4, VB4 or VC 4) between the absorber to be desorbed and the outlet of the first refrigerant channel is opened, the fresh air valve V04 is closed, fresh air is then introduced from the inlet of the first refrigerant channel of the first-stage heat exchanger E-103, so that oxygen-containing fresh air flows through the absorber to be desorbed for desorption, and the desorbed gas sequentially flows through the flame arrester ZH-101, the desorption fan C-102 and the second refrigerant channel, enters the catalytic combustion bed R-104 for combustion, is discharged to the first heat medium channel and is discharged through the second heat medium channel. The flow chart of fig. 2 exemplifies the desorption by the first adsorber R-103A.
In the desorption stage, fresh air is firstly introduced into a part of the circulation route through a fresh air valve V04 to be preheated, after the fresh air is preheated to a temperature higher than the ignition temperature of the catalytic combustion bed R-104, the fresh air is introduced into the desorption circulation route, the fresh air is heated to a higher temperature, the waste gas in the adsorption mechanism can be efficiently desorbed, and when the waste gas passes through the second-stage heat exchanger E-104, the heat of the combustion waste gas can be adsorbed, and then flows into the catalytic combustion bed R-104, so that the electric heating energy consumption of the catalytic combustion bed R-104 is reduced, the fresh air is heated through the first-stage heat exchanger E-103 after the waste gas is combusted, and the combusted waste gas flows into the second-stage heat exchanger E-104 and is discharged into the atmosphere. The purification method adopts fresh air as desorption air to desorb adsorbed equipment, the whole desorption process is safe, and the problems of accumulation of circulating desorption gas concentration, insufficient combustion and the like caused by mixed air desorption are solved.
3. And (3) a cooling stage: and after the desorption stage is finished, cooling the desorption system, wherein the cooling comprises the steps of closing a heating program of the catalytic combustion bed R-104, opening the fresh air valve V04 and the air suction mechanism, cooling the catalytic combustion bed R-104 and the adsorbers after desorption by introducing fresh air, and closing the air suction mechanism and the fresh air valve V04 after the temperature is reduced to a safe value, so as to finish cooling. The flow chart of FIG. 2 takes the first adsorber R-103A as an example for a temperature reduction.
By adopting the technical scheme, the system after desorption is cooled by adopting fresh air, the safety is high, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the cooled adsorber can be transferred into the adsorption stage again.
The exhaust gas treatment technical route of the above embodiment adopts: the two-stage cooling, the electrostatic oil removing method, the filtering oil removing method, the adsorption method and the catalytic combustion method are used for comprehensive treatment, the purification efficiency is high, the system is provided with a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, the safety is improved, and the system is particularly suitable for purifying plasticizer waste gas. The outlet of the catalytic combustion bed R-104 is provided with a two-stage heat exchanger, so that the exhaust heat is recovered greatly, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
The above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, the protective scope of which is not limited to the examples described above, it should be pointed out that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application should and are considered to fall within the protective scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An exhaust gas purification system, characterized in that the exhaust gas purification system comprises a catalytic combustion bed (R-104), a first stage heat exchanger (E-103), an adsorption mechanism, an air extraction mechanism and a second stage heat exchanger (E-104);
the first-stage heat exchanger (E-103) is provided with a first heat medium channel and a first refrigerant channel; the second-stage heat exchanger (E-104) is provided with a second heat medium channel and a second refrigerant channel;
the outlet of the catalytic combustion bed (R-104) is connected with the inlet of the first heat medium channel; the outlet of the first heat medium channel is connected with the inlet of the second heat medium channel;
an inlet of the first refrigerant channel is communicated with a first oxygen-containing gas source; the air extraction mechanism is provided with a first inlet and a second inlet; the second inlet is communicated with a second oxygen-containing gas source through a fresh air valve (V04);
the outlet of the first refrigerant channel and the first inlet of the air extraction mechanism are respectively connected to the two opposite ends of the adsorption mechanism;
the outlet of the air extraction mechanism is connected with the inlet of the second refrigerant channel; the outlet of the second refrigerant passage is connected with the inlet of the catalytic combustion bed (R-104).
2. The exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the first coolant channel is further in communication with the first oxygen-containing gas source via a cooling valve (V03).
3. The exhaust gas purification system of claim 1, wherein the first oxygen-containing gas source and the second oxygen-containing gas source are both air.
4. The exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1, further comprising a first stage cooler (E-101) and a second stage cooler (E-102) in series; the inlet of the first stage cooler (E-101) is connected with an exhaust gas source; the outlet of the second stage cooler (E-102) opens into the adsorption mechanism.
5. The exhaust gas purification system according to claim 4, further comprising an electrostatic oil remover (R-101) and an exhaust gas filter (R-102) in series; the electrostatic oil remover (R-101) utilizes a high-voltage electric field to charge oil smoke particles so as to be adsorbed and removed; a bag filter is arranged in the waste gas filter (R-102) to further intercept and filter residual small molecules of the tobacco tar;
the outlet of the second-stage cooler (E-102) is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic oil remover (R-101), and the outlet of the exhaust gas filter (R-102) is connected with the adsorption mechanism.
6. The exhaust gas purification system according to claim 5, wherein the adsorption mechanism comprises three adsorbers connected in parallel; the exhaust gas purification system further comprises an adsorption blower (C-101); the adsorption fan (C-101) is respectively connected with the three adsorbers through three branches, and vent valves are arranged at the outlet and the inlet of the adsorbers on each branch; the adsorption fan (C-101) is capable of extracting the exhaust gas flowing out from the outlet of the exhaust gas filter (R-102) and flowing the exhaust gas through the three adsorbers, and the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the adsorbers and then becomes purified gas to be discharged.
7. The exhaust gas purification system according to claim 5, wherein the adsorption blower (C-101) is disposed at the rear ends of the three adsorbers, so that the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the adsorbers to be purified gas, and then flows through the adsorption blower (C-101) to be discharged.
8. An exhaust gas purifying method, characterized by being performed using the exhaust gas purifying system according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the adsorption mechanism comprises a plurality of adsorbers connected in parallel; the outlet of the first refrigerant channel and the first inlet of the air extraction mechanism are respectively connected to the two ends of each adsorber through a plurality of branches, and on each branch, the two ends of each adsorber are provided with a ventilation valve; the purification method comprises the following steps:
and (3) desorption: closing all ventilation valves at two ends of the adsorber to be desorbed, opening the fresh air valve (V04), and opening a heating program of the air suction mechanism and the catalytic combustion bed (R-104) so as to introduce gas of a second oxygen-containing gas source into the catalytic combustion bed (R-104) for preheating; after the catalytic combustion bed (R-104) is preheated to a temperature higher than the light-off temperature, a vent valve between the adsorber to be desorbed and a first inlet of the air suction mechanism is opened, a vent valve between the adsorber to be desorbed and an outlet of the first refrigerant passage is opened, the fresh air valve (V04) is closed, so that oxygen-containing fresh air flows through the adsorber to be desorbed, the desorbed gas sequentially flows through the air suction mechanism and the second refrigerant passage, enters the catalytic combustion bed (R-104) to be combusted, and is discharged to the first heat medium passage and then discharged through the second heat medium passage.
9. An exhaust gas purifying method, characterized by being performed using the exhaust gas purifying system according to claim 6 or 7; the purification method comprises the following steps:
adsorption stage: the waste gas is firstly cooled to below 70 ℃ through a first stage cooler (E-101), then cooled to below 35 ℃ through a second stage cooler (E-102), then flows through the electrostatic oil remover (R-101) and the waste gas filter (R-102), then passes through two adsorbers of the adsorption mechanism, and is adsorbed to become purified gas to be discharged; the other adsorber is ready for use or in a desorption phase.
10. The exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 9, characterized in that the purifying method includes:
and (3) a cooling stage: after the desorption stage is finished, the desorption system is cooled, the heating program of the catalytic combustion bed (R-104) is closed, the fresh air valve (V04) and the air suction mechanism are opened, fresh air is introduced to cool the catalytic combustion bed (R-104) and the adsorbers after desorption, and after the temperature is reduced to a safe value, the air suction mechanism and the fresh air valve (V04) are closed to finish cooling.
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| CN117398803A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-01-16 | 广州点蓝环保设备有限公司 | Flue gas and waste gas purification system for enameled wire industry and application method of flue gas and waste gas purification system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117398803A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-01-16 | 广州点蓝环保设备有限公司 | Flue gas and waste gas purification system for enameled wire industry and application method of flue gas and waste gas purification system |
| CN117398803B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-04-09 | 广州点蓝环保设备有限公司 | Flue gas and waste gas purification system for enameled wire industry and application method of flue gas and waste gas purification system |
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