CN116356452A - Photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116356452A CN116356452A CN202310265305.4A CN202310265305A CN116356452A CN 116356452 A CN116356452 A CN 116356452A CN 202310265305 A CN202310265305 A CN 202310265305A CN 116356452 A CN116356452 A CN 116356452A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing the spirooxazine photochromic microcapsules, PLA powder and PHBV powder in a high-speed mixer, and drying to ensure that the water content of the mixed raw materials is not higher than 200ppm; melt blending the mixed raw materials by a double screw extruder, cooling in water bath, drying by blowing, slicing and drying to obtain photochromic PLA/PHBV blending master batch with water content not higher than 200ppm; carrying out melt spinning, cross-air cooling, oiling and winding on the blending master batch to obtain photochromic PLA/PHBV nascent fibers; and (3) carrying out hot drawing and heat setting on the primary fiber to obtain the photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber. The product of the invention has high breaking strength, good flexibility and obvious photochromic effect, and has good application prospect in the field of photochromic functional textiles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and relates to a preparation method and application of photochromic PLA/PHBV fibers.
Background
Photochromic textiles have the feature of being capable of spontaneously changing color under a specific light source and recovering the primary color after the light source is removed, and therefore, have wide application in the fields of textile clothing, military, aerospace, anti-counterfeiting, intelligent sensors and the like. However, the conventional functional after-finishing method can effectively prepare photochromic fabrics, but has the problems of poor washing fastness, poor hand feeling and the like. Compared with the traditional printing or finishing technology for constructing the color-changing function, the photochromic fiber is adopted for constructing the fabric without dyeing color change, and the photochromic fiber has incomparable advantages in the aspects of design diversity and fastness. However, currently commercialized photochromic fibers are mainly made of petroleum-based polymers such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These petroleum-based polymers can cause a range of resource and environmental problems that are not compatible with the green, low carbon, and sustainable requirements of today's society for photochromic fibers. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field of photochromic fibers to develop a bio-based green sustainable photochromic fiber, which will have a wide market demand once developed successfully.
The photochromic polylactic acid (PLA)/polyhydroxybutyrate valerate (PHBV) fiber has certain advantages in the development of intelligent textiles such as sensing, camouflage and the like due to the green, low-carbon and sustainable resource characteristics. However, the presence of certain unavoidable drawbacks to functional PLA/PHBV fibers can affect the comfort of textiles and limit their use, for example, poor compatibility of PLA with PHBV, resulting in poor fiber spinnability, poor mechanical properties after fiber formation; the agglomeration of the functional particles can cause high initial modulus of the fiber, and the prepared fabric has hard hand feeling, poor functionalization effect and the like. The reason for this is mainly poor compatibility with the fiber matrix and poor dispersibility of the particles.
Therefore, developing a photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber with good compatibility and particle dispersibility has very remarkable market potential.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber, which solve the problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing and drying the spirooxazine photochromic microcapsules, PLA powder and PHBV powder to obtain a mixed raw material;
(2) Carrying out melt blending on the mixed raw materials by a double-screw extruder, cooling by water bath, blowing and slicing, and then drying to obtain blending master batches;
(3) Carrying out melt spinning, cross-air cooling, oiling and winding on the blending master batch to obtain photochromic PLA/PHBV nascent fibers;
(4) And (3) carrying out hot drawing and heat setting on the photochromic PLA/PHBV primary fiber to obtain the photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber.
Further, in the step (1), the water content of the mixed raw material is 200ppm or less.
Further, in the step (1), the adding amount of the spirooxazine photochromic microcapsules is 1-6% of the total amount, and the weight ratio of the PLA powder to the PHBV powder is 100/0-80/20.
Further, in the step (1), the uniform mixing speed is 500rpm, the temperature is 30-60 ℃, and the time is 2-5 min.
Further, in the step (2), the melt extrusion temperature in the melt blending process is 150-190 ℃, and the water bath cooling is specifically normal-temperature water bath cooling for 1-2 min.
Further, in step (2), the moisture of the blending master batch is less than or equal to 200ppm.
Further, in the steps (1) and (2), the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃ and the drying time is 6-14 h.
Further, in the step (3), the aperture of a spinneret plate is 0.32mm, the number of holes of the spinneret plate is 36 holes, the spinning temperature is 180-220 ℃, the winding speed is 800m/min, and the flow rate of a metering pump is 1.2ml/rev.
Further, in the step (4), the temperature of the hot plate is 60-150 ℃, the temperature of the hot plate is 130-150 ℃ and the draft multiple is 3.3-4 times in the hot draft process.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the application of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber prepared by the preparation method of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber in preparing yarns, fabrics, clothes, films and packaging materials.
The invention provides a preparation method and application of photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber, which has the advantages that:
1. the method is simple and easy to operate, has high added value, and can be used for industrial production;
2. the photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber prepared by the method does not find obvious incompatibilities and particle agglomeration phenomena, and improves the mechanical properties and the functionalities of the functional PLA/PHBV blend fiber;
3. the source of PLA and PHBV raw materials in the photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber prepared by the method is green and environment-friendly, and is a biodegradable material;
4. the photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber prepared by the method has the breaking strength of 3.55-4.30 cN/dtex, the breaking elongation of 20.05-24.44%, the initial modulus of 27.91-66.20 cN/detx and excellent mechanical properties;
5. the photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber prepared by the method has excellent color-changing effect, can quickly change color in sunlight, can recover the primary color within 1min after the light source is removed, has reversible color-changing effect, has excellent durability, and still has remarkable color-changing capability after 50 times of cyclic color change.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a fiber surface and cross-sectional morphology structure diagram of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber prepared in examples 1 to 4 according to the preparation method of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber with good compatibility and particle dispersibility, which can industrially prepare the photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber with excellent strength and flexibility.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking and drying: weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 100-80 parts of PLA powder, 0-20 parts of PHA powder and 1-6 parts of photochromic microcapsule powder. Mixing in a high-speed mixer, and drying to obtain mixed raw materials with water content not higher than 200ppm; the PLA has a glass transition temperature of 55-60 ℃ and a melting point of 160-180 ℃; PHBV glass transition temperature is-20-0 ℃ and melting point is 150-170 ℃; the photochromic microcapsule powder is spirooxazine, and the decomposition temperature is 250 ℃.
(2) Slice preparation and drying: melt blending the mixed raw materials by a double-screw extruder, extruding by a circular orifice die, cooling by a water bath, drying by blowing and pulling to a granulator for slicing, obtaining blended master batch, and then drying to ensure that the water content is not higher than 200ppm; the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is 150-190 ℃, the feeding frequency is 10Hz, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 200rpm.
(3) Melt spinning: carrying out melt spinning, cross-air cooling, oiling and winding on the blending master batch to obtain a nascent fiber; the spinning temperature in the melt spinning process is 180-220 ℃, the aperture of a spinneret plate is 0.32mm, the number of holes of the spinneret plate is 36 holes, the winding speed is 800m/min, the flow rate of a metering pump is 1.2ml/rev, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 15-25rev/min.
(4) And (3) hot drawing: the primary fiber is subjected to hot drawing and heat setting to prepare photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber; in the hot drawing process, the drawing temperature is 60-150 ℃ and the drawing multiple is 3.3-4 times. In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following description further describes the technical solution of the present invention in connection with the embodiments. The invention is not limited to the embodiments listed but includes any other known modification within the scope of the claims that follow.
Reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
The following examples show a method for preparing photochromic PLA/PHBV fibers, comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Taking and drying: weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 95 parts of PLA powder, 5 parts of PHA powder and 3 parts of photochromic microcapsule powder. Mixing in a high-speed mixer, and drying to obtain mixed raw materials with water content not higher than 200ppm; the PLA has a glass transition temperature of 55-60 ℃ and a melting point of 160-180 ℃; PHBV glass transition temperature is-20-0 ℃ and melting point is 150-170 ℃; the photochromic microcapsule powder is spirooxazine, and the decomposition temperature is 250 ℃;
(2) Slice preparation and drying: melt blending the mixed raw materials by a double-screw extruder, extruding by a circular orifice die, cooling by a water bath, drying by blowing and pulling to a granulator for slicing to obtain cylindrical particles, and then drying to ensure that the water content is not higher than 200ppm; the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-190 ℃, the feeding frequency is 10Hz, and the rotating speed of a host machine is 200rpm;
(3) Melt spinning: carrying out melt spinning, cross-air cooling, oiling and winding on the cylindrical particles to obtain nascent fibers; the spinning temperature in the melt spinning process is 200-210 ℃, the aperture of a spinneret plate is 0.32mm, the number of holes of the spinneret plate is 36 holes, the winding speed is 800m/min, the flow rate of a metering pump is 1.2ml/rev, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 25rev/min;
(4) And (3) hot drawing: the primary fiber is subjected to hot drawing and heat setting to prepare photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber; in the hot drawing process, the drawing temperature is 130 ℃, and the drawing multiple is 4 times.
The fiber prepared had a breaking strength of 4.08.+ -. 0.46cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 24.44.+ -. 1.25% and an initial modulus of 50.21.+ -. 6.39cN/dtex, and changed from white to blue in 1s under sunlight, and faded to white in 1min after removal of the light source.
Example 2
The following examples show a method for preparing photochromic PLA/PHBV fibers, comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Taking and drying: weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 90 parts of PLA powder, 10 parts of PHA powder and 3 parts of photochromic microcapsule powder. Mixing in a high-speed mixer, and drying to obtain mixed raw materials with water content not higher than 200ppm; the PLA has a glass transition temperature of 55-60 ℃ and a melting point of 160-180 ℃; PHBV glass transition temperature is-20-0 ℃ and melting point is 150-170 ℃; the photochromic microcapsule powder is spirooxazine, and the decomposition temperature is 250 ℃;
(2) Slice preparation and drying: melt blending the mixed raw materials by a double-screw extruder, extruding by a circular orifice die, cooling by a water bath, drying by blowing and pulling to a granulator for slicing to obtain cylindrical particles, and then drying to ensure that the water content is not higher than 200ppm; the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is 170-180 ℃, the feeding frequency is 10Hz, and the rotating speed of a host machine is 200rpm;
(3) Melt spinning: carrying out melt spinning, cross-air cooling, oiling and winding on the cylindrical particles to obtain nascent fibers; the spinning temperature in the melt spinning process is 190-200 ℃, the aperture of a spinneret plate is 0.32mm, the number of holes of the spinneret plate is 36 holes, the winding speed is 800m/min, the flow rate of a metering pump is 1.2ml/rev, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 25rev/min;
(4) And (3) hot drawing: as in example 1.
The prepared fiber had a breaking strength of 3.55.+ -. 0.23cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 21.20.+ -. 0.77% and an initial modulus of 42.23.+ -. 8.79cN/dtex, and the photochromic effect was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The following examples show a method for preparing photochromic PLA/PHBV fibers, comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Taking and drying: weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 85 parts of PLA powder, 15 parts of PHA powder and 3 parts of photochromic microcapsule powder. Mixing in a high-speed mixer, and drying to obtain mixed raw materials with water content not higher than 200ppm; the PLA has a glass transition temperature of 55-60 ℃ and a melting point of 160-180 ℃; PHBV glass transition temperature is-20-0 ℃ and melting point is 150-170 ℃; the photochromic microcapsule powder is spirooxazine, and the decomposition temperature is 250 ℃;
(2) Slice preparation and drying: melt blending the mixed raw materials by a double-screw extruder, extruding by a circular orifice die, cooling by a water bath, drying by blowing and pulling to a granulator for slicing to obtain cylindrical particles, and then drying to ensure that the water content is not higher than 200ppm; the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is 160-170 ℃, the feeding frequency is 10Hz, and the rotating speed of a host machine is 200rpm;
(3) Melt spinning: carrying out melt spinning, cross-air cooling, oiling and winding on the cylindrical particles to obtain nascent fibers; the spinning temperature in the melt spinning process is 180-190 ℃, the aperture of a spinneret plate is 0.32mm, the number of holes of the spinneret plate is 36 holes, the winding speed is 800m/min, the flow rate of a metering pump is 1.2ml/rev, and the rotating speed of the metering pump is 25rev/min;
(4) And (3) hot drawing: as in example 1.
The prepared fiber had a breaking strength of 3.68.+ -. 0.23cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 20.05.+ -. 1.06% and an initial modulus of 45.90.+ -. 8.13cN/dtex, and the photochromic effect was the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The following examples show a method for preparing photochromic PLA/PHBV fibers, comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Taking and drying: weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80 parts of PLA powder, 20 parts of PHA powder and 3 parts of photochromic microcapsule powder. Mixing in a high-speed mixer, and drying to obtain mixed raw materials with water content not higher than 200ppm; the PLA has a glass transition temperature of 55-60 ℃ and a melting point of 160-180 ℃; PHBV glass transition temperature is-20-0 ℃ and melting point is 150-170 ℃; the photochromic microcapsule powder is spirooxazine, and the decomposition temperature is 250 ℃;
(2) Slice preparation and drying: carrying out melt blending on the mixed raw materials by a double-screw extruder, extruding by a circular orifice die, cooling by a water bath, drying by blowing and pulling to a granulator for slicing, obtaining cylindrical particles, and then drying to ensure that the water content is not higher than 200ppm; the extruding temperature of the double-screw extruder is 150-160 ℃, the feeding frequency is 10Hz, and the rotating speed of a host machine is 200rpm;
(3) Melt spinning: same as in example 3.
(4) And (3) hot drawing: as in example 1.
The prepared fiber had a breaking strength of 3.57.+ -. 0.52cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 21.29.+ -. 2.23% and an initial modulus of 27.91.+ -. 6.32cN/dtex, and the photochromic effect was the same as in example 1.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a fiber surface and cross-sectional morphology structure diagram of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber prepared in examples 1 to 4 according to the preparation method of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, it was found that no significant incompatibility was found in the fibrous matrix and that the particles did not agglomerate.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing and drying the spirooxazine photochromic microcapsules, PLA powder and PHBV powder to obtain a mixed raw material;
(2) Carrying out melt blending on the mixed raw materials by a double-screw extruder, cooling by water bath, blowing and slicing, and then drying to obtain blending master batches;
(3) Carrying out melt spinning, cross-air cooling, oiling and winding on the blending master batch to obtain photochromic PLA/PHBV nascent fibers;
(4) And (3) carrying out hot drawing and heat setting on the photochromic PLA/PHBV primary fiber to obtain the photochromic PLA/PHBV blend fiber.
2. The method for preparing the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the water content of the mixed raw material is less than or equal to 200ppm.
3. The method for preparing the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the adding amount of the spirooxazine photochromic microcapsules is 1-6% of the total amount, and the weight ratio of the PLA powder to the PHBV powder is 100/0-80/20.
4. The method for preparing the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the uniform mixing speed is 500rpm, the temperature is 30-60 ℃ and the time is 2-5 min.
5. The method for preparing the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the melt extrusion temperature in the melt blending process is 150-190 ℃, and the water bath cooling is specifically normal-temperature water bath cooling for 1-2 min.
6. The method for preparing the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step (2), the moisture of the blending master batch is less than or equal to 200ppm.
7. The method for preparing the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the steps (1) and (2), the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃ and the drying time is 6-14 h.
8. The method for preparing the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the aperture of a spinneret plate is 0.32mm, the number of the spinneret plate apertures is 36 holes, the spinning temperature is 180-220 ℃, the winding speed is 800m/min, and the flow rate of a metering pump is 1.2ml/rev.
9. The method for preparing the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (4), the temperature of the hot plate is 60-150 ℃, the temperature of the hot plate is 130-150 ℃ and the draft multiple is 3.3-4 times in the hot draft process.
10. The application of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber prepared by the preparation method of the photochromic PLA/PHBV fiber in preparing yarns, fabrics, clothes, films and packaging materials.
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