CN116353833A

CN116353833A - Multi-turbulence reinforced heat exchange rectification support plate anti-icing structure

Info

Publication number: CN116353833A
Application number: CN202310352991.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李淼; 龚欢; 李云单; 贾琦; 张程东
Original assignee: AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute
Current assignee: AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute
Priority date: 2023-04-04
Filing date: 2023-04-04
Publication date: 2023-06-30

Abstract

The application provides a rectification extension board anti-icing structure of heat transfer is reinforceed to many vortex, include: a front cavity and a rear cavity which are separated by a baffle plate in the rectification support plate, wherein the top of the baffle plate is provided with a plurality of hot air flow distribution holes which are communicated with the front cavity and the rear cavity, and a plurality of small-size turbulent flow columns extend along the chord length direction at the front edge residence point of the front cavity and are distributed at intervals in the radial direction; a plurality of radially distributed spoilers extend in the direction of the front edge on the partition plate, and the spoilers divide the front cavity into a plurality of areas along the radial direction; a plurality of large-size turbulent flow columns are radially arranged in the area between the middle rear part of the front cavity and the partition plate, and the normal direction of the large-size turbulent flow columns is perpendicular to the chord direction of the rectifying support plate; the root of the rectifying support plate is provided with a boss which is positioned in the front cavity, the boss divides the root of the front cavity into a left channel and a right channel, the right channel is communicated with the rear cavity, and the left channel is communicated with the rest of anti-icing components; the rear cavity is provided with a plurality of exhaust outlets, and the hot gas entering the rear cavity from the hot gas diversion holes and the right channel is discharged from the exhaust outlets.

Description

Multi-turbulence reinforced heat exchange rectification support plate anti-icing structure

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of aeroengines, and particularly relates to a rectification support plate capable of strengthening anti-icing.

Background

Icing weather conditions are encountered when an aircraft is flown within its flight envelope, and supercooled water droplets are present in the air, i.e. remain in liquid form below zero. If no anti-icing protection is provided for the aeroengine inlet rectifying support plate, supercooled water can freeze on the surface of the rectifying support plate when impacting the rectifying support plate. If the icing generated on the surface of the rectifying support plate does not fall off, the aerodynamic appearance of the rectifying support plate can be affected, and meanwhile, the flow area of the inlet section of the engine can be reduced, so that performance indexes such as thrust and fuel consumption of the engine are affected. If the whole block of ice generated on the surface of the rectifying support plate falls off, the ice possibly damages engine parts, mechanical damage is caused, and threat is brought to safe and stable operation of the engine. Therefore, when the engine runs under icing meteorological conditions, the inlet rectifying support plate is prevented from generating harmful icing.

As shown in fig. 1, the current turbofan engine has the most widely used, higher maturity and stronger reliability, namely, a hot air anti-icing system is that high-temperature and high-pressure air is led from the tip of a certain stage of stator of a high-pressure air compressor 3 of an engine 1 and enters a rectifying support plate 2 at an inlet of the engine through an air-guiding pipe, a control accessory and the like, so that the wall surface of the rectifying support plate 2 is heated to prevent icing on the surface of the rectifying support plate 2. Since hot air anti-icing is carried out by air bleed from the high-pressure compressor 3, temperature drop occurs along the way, and anti-icing capacity is reduced.

In order to improve the anti-icing capacity, most of the rectification support plate heat transfer structures in the prior art are heat transfer structures of 'impact + air film' or heat transfer structures of 'convection + air film'. For the heat transfer structure in the form of impact and air film, the key factors influencing heat exchange between hot gas and the front edge wall surface with the largest heat demand are the size of impact holes and the impact distance, and the impact holes are influenced by the size of the rectifying support plate, so that the size diameter of the impact holes is smaller and cannot be made into larger sizes. And for the heat transfer structure in the form of convection and air film, the heat transfer structure does not have any turbulence structure for enhancing heat exchange, the heat exchange coefficient between hot gas and the anti-icing component is smaller, the heat exchange capacity is weaker, and the anti-icing requirement of the component with the harshest anti-icing form cannot be ensured. If the safe operation of the engine is aimed, the bleed air amount needs to be greatly increased, which can influence performance indexes such as engine thrust, fuel consumption and the like, and meanwhile, the excessive bleed air amount can possibly cause engine surge, so that the safety of the engine is influenced.

Therefore, a rectifying support plate anti-icing structure with higher heat exchange efficiency is needed, and the rectifying support plate anti-icing can be realized under the condition of lower air-entraining amount.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the application is to provide a rectification support plate anti-icing structure with multiple turbulence and heat exchange enhancement, so as to solve or alleviate at least one problem in the background technology.

The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a rectifying support plate anti-icing structure for multi-turbulence enhanced heat exchange, the rectifying support plate anti-icing structure comprising:

a front cavity and a rear cavity which are separated by a baffle plate in the rectification support plate, wherein the top of the baffle plate is provided with a plurality of hot gas flow distributing holes which are communicated with the front cavity and the rear cavity, and a plurality of small-size turbulent flow columns which extend along the chord length direction at the front edge residence point of the front cavity and are arranged at a preset interval distance in the radial direction;

a plurality of radially distributed spoilers extend towards the front edge direction on a partition plate between the front cavity and the rear cavity, and the spoilers divide the middle rear part of the front cavity into a plurality of areas along the radial direction;

a plurality of large-size turbulence columns are radially arranged in the area between the middle rear part of the front cavity and the partition plate, and the normal direction of the large-size turbulence columns is perpendicular to the chord direction of the rectifying support plate;

the root of the rectifying support plate is provided with a boss, the boss is positioned in the front cavity, the boss enables the root of the front cavity to be divided into a left channel and a right channel, the right channel is communicated with the rear cavity, and the left channel is communicated with the rest of anti-icing components;

and the rear cavity is provided with a plurality of exhaust outlets, and the hot air entering the rear cavity from the hot air flow holes and the right channel is discharged from the exhaust outlets.

Further, the chordwise length of the front cavity is greater than the limit position of the water drops striking the rectifying support plate.

Further, the axis of the hot gas tap hole is perpendicular to the partition plate, or the axis of the hot gas tap hole has a predetermined angle with the partition plate.

Further, the flow rate of the hot air entering the rear cavity is adjusted by adjusting the flow area of the hot air distribution hole.

Further, the front cavity and the rear cavity are arranged in a uniform cross-sectional shape along the radial direction of the rectifying support plate.

Further, the shape of the small-sized and/or large-sized spoiler column may include any one of a cylindrical shape, a water-drop shape, or an elliptical shape.

Further, the number of the small-size turbulent flow columns is set to be between 15 and 35 in the radial direction, the distance between two adjacent small-size turbulent flow columns is between 10 and 20mm, the equivalent diameter of the small-size turbulent flow columns is not more than 2.0mm, and the ratio of the length of the small-size turbulent flow columns to the chord length is in the range of 15% -21%.

Further, the large-sized spoiler columns are arranged in one or more rows in the radial direction.

Further, the radial interval between two adjacent spoilers is between 40-70mm, and the angle alpha between the spoilers and the partition plate along the airflow direction is more than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.

Further, the flow areas of the left channel and the right channel are adjusted by adjusting the positions of the bosses in the chord direction, so that the hot air flow distribution of the left channel and the right channel is adjusted.

Further, the flow area of the left channel is smaller than the flow area of the right channel.

Further, the total area of the plurality of exhaust outlets is larger than the sum of the flow areas of the left channel, the right channel and the hot gas flow distributing holes.

According to the rectifying support plate anti-icing structure with the multi-turbulence reinforced heat exchange, the processing technology problem is fully considered, the impact hole with smaller size is not adopted any more, the anti-icing effect of the anti-icing component is prevented from being unsatisfied due to processing deviation, meanwhile, the hot gas protection area is widened in the chord length direction, the area within the water impact limit range is set to be a hot gas inlet cavity and a first flow cavity, meanwhile, a small-size turbulence column is radially increased at the most severe position of front edge anti-icing, and the purpose of heating the outer wall with less hot gas in high efficiency is achieved.

The technical scheme of this application can form the strong heat transfer anti-icing structure that multiple vortex structure (vortex post and spoiler) combined together, and the furthest strengthens heat transfer ability under the prerequisite of guaranteeing intensity, guarantees that arbitrary anti-icing part homoenergetic can satisfy anti-icing demand.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided by the present application, the following description will briefly refer to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the figures described below are only some embodiments of the present application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical turbofan engine configuration.

Fig. 2 is a general schematic diagram of an anti-icing structure of the rectifying support plate of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view based on A-A in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view based on B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the spoiler equipartition in the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow path diagram of the flow-straightening support plate anti-icing structure in the present application.

Reference numerals:

10-rectifying support plate

11-front cavity

12-rear cavity

13-baffle, 131-hot gas tap hole

14-small-size turbulent flow column

15-large-size turbulent flow column

16-spoiler

17-boss, 171-left channel, 172-right channel

18-air outlet

Detailed Description

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

In order to improve the deicing capability of the rectification support plate anti-icing structure of the engine inlet part, the application provides a rectification support plate anti-icing structure with multiple turbulence and enhanced heat exchange, and the anti-icing hot gas entering the rectification support plate is disturbed by adopting different turbulence measures, so that the hot gas moves more severely, and the heat exchange strength and efficiency of the rectification support plate are improved.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the rectifying support plate heat transfer structure provided by the application comprises a front cavity 11 and a rear cavity 12 which are separated by a partition plate 13 inside the rectifying support plate 10, wherein a plurality of hot gas flow distributing holes 131 which are communicated with the front cavity 11 and the rear cavity 12 are formed in the top of the partition plate 13, a plurality of small-size turbulent flow columns 14 which extend along the chord length direction at the front edge residence point of the front cavity 11 and are arranged at certain intervals in the radial direction are formed, and the normal direction of the small-size turbulent flow columns 14 is perpendicular to the radial direction of the rectifying support plate. A plurality of spoilers 16 are arranged on the partition plate 13 between the front cavity 11 and the rear cavity 12 in the front edge direction, the spoilers 16 are distributed along the radial direction, the spoilers 16 divide the middle rear part of the front cavity 11 into a plurality of areas along the radial direction, hot gas is disturbed by the spoilers 16, the heat exchange efficiency of the hot gas and the front wall surface is enhanced, meanwhile, the movement of the hot gas is prolonged due to the fact that the spoilers 16 obstruct the movement of the hot gas, and the heat exchange time is prolonged. A certain number of large-size turbulence columns 15 are arranged at certain radial intervals in the area between the middle rear part of the front cavity 11 and the partition plate, and the normal direction of the large-size turbulence columns 15 is perpendicular to the chord direction of the rectifying support plate. A boss 17 is provided at the root of the rectifying support plate 10, the boss 17 is located in the front cavity 11, the boss 17 forms a "herringbone" hot gas passage at the root of the front cavity 11, namely a left passage 171 and a right passage 172, a three-way-like passage is formed through the "herringbone" hot gas passage, the right passage 172 conveys a part of the hot gas to the rear cavity, and the left passage 171 directs the remaining hot gas to the remaining anti-icing component, such as a rectifying cap. A plurality of exhaust outlets 18 are provided in the middle of the rear chamber 12, and hot air introduced into the rear chamber 12 from the hot air distribution holes 131 and the right passages 172 is discharged from the exhaust outlets 18.

In the preferred embodiment of the present application, to ensure the anti-icing effect of the rectifying support plate within the limit of water impact, the chordwise length L of the front cavity 11 is greater than the limit of the impact of water drops on the rectifying support plate. The limiting position of the impingement of the water droplets on the rectifying support 10 is exemplified by 22.7mm in chord length, and the chord length of the front cavity 11 area can be set to 25.0mm.

In some embodiments of the present application, the hot gas flow dividing hole 131 may be disposed perpendicular to the partition 13, or may be disposed at an angle with the partition 13, and the hot gas flow dividing hole 131 allows a portion of hot gas having a high temperature level, which has just entered the rectifying support plate, to flow into the rear cavity 12, and the flow ratio of hot gas flowing into the rear cavity 11 may be adjusted by adjusting the flow area of the hot gas flow dividing hole 131. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the right channel 172, the hot air flow entering the rear cavity 11 can be regulated, so that the hot air flowing distance of the rear cavity 11 is reduced, the hot air flowing distance is reduced along Cheng Wenjiang, and the anti-icing requirement of the wall surface of the rear cavity is ensured.

In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the front cavity 11 and the rear cavity 12 are arranged in a uniform cross-sectional shape along the radial direction of the rectifying support plate, and the cross-section does not need to be designed into a variable cross-section due to the turbulence measure, so that the production and processing costs are reduced.

In some embodiments of the present application, the shape of the small-sized spoiler column 14 may be cylindrical, drop-shaped, oval, or the like. Preferably, in order to enhance the heat exchange efficiency and reduce the flow resistance of the hot air, the number of the small-size turbulence columns 14 in the application is set to be between 15 and 35, the distance between the two adjacent small-size turbulence columns 14 is between 10 and 20mm, the equivalent diameter is not more than 2.0mm, and the ratio of the length to the chord length is in the range of 15% -21%.

In the present application, the number of spoilers 15 is determined by the radial length of the rectifying support. In some embodiments of the present application, the radial spacing between two adjacent spoilers 15 is between 40-70mm. The angle alpha between the spoiler 15 and the baffle 13 along the airflow direction in the present application is greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees from the viewpoint of minimizing the influence on the kinetic energy of the hot gas.

In some embodiments of the present application, the shape of the large-sized spoiler column 15 may be cylindrical, drop-shaped, oval, or the like. Further, the large-sized spoiler posts 15 may be arranged in one or more rows in the radial direction, which is determined according to the chord length of the rectifying support plate 10. In some embodiments of the present application, the number of large-sized spoiler posts 15 in each region divided by the spoiler 16 is between 8-10, the pitch is between 10-15mm, and the equivalent diameter is no greater than 4.0mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the flow areas of the left and

right channels

171, 172 are adjusted by adjusting the chordwise location of the boss 17, thereby adjusting the distribution of the hot gas flow in the left and

right channels

171, 172. Preferably, the flow area of the left channel 171 is smaller than the flow area of the right channel 172, i.e. the boss 17 is closer to the front edge, so that the amount of hot air flowing from the right channel 172 into the rear chamber 12 is larger, thereby ensuring the anti-icing effect of the rear chamber 12.

In the present application, the exhaust outlet 18 is used only for exhaust, and the shape of the exhaust outlet 18 is rectangular for convenience of processing and cost reduction, and further, the exhaust outlet 18 may be rounded in order to avoid stress concentration at right angles to the edge thereof. In some embodiments of the present application, the total area of the exhaust outlet 18 is greater than the sum of the flow areas of the left channel 171, the right channel 172, and the hot gas tap hole 131, so that the exhaust outlet 18 is prevented from throttling, and the flow distribution of each area is affected.

On this basis, this application still provides a rectification extension board, and this rectification extension board contains foretell anti-icing structure, and this anti-icing structure of rectification extension board carries out bleed air (steam) from the certain stator apex department of high-pressure compressor, enters into the rectification extension board inside through structures such as pipeline, valve to the realization provides anti-icing protection to the rectification extension board of engine import.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily conceivable by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a many vortex reinforce rectification extension board anti-icing structure of heat transfer which characterized in that, rectification extension board anti-icing structure includes:

2. The multiple turbulence enhanced heat exchange rectifying support plate anti-icing structure of claim 1, wherein the chordwise length of the front cavity is greater than the limit position of water drops striking the rectifying support plate.

3. The multiple turbulence enhanced heat exchanging rectifying support plate anti-icing structure according to claim 1, wherein an axis of the hot gas flow hole is perpendicular to the partition plate or has a predetermined angle with the partition plate.

4. The multiple turbulence enhanced heat exchange rectifying support plate anti-icing structure according to claim 3, wherein the flow area of said hot gas flow holes is adjusted to adjust the ratio of the hot gas flow entering the rear cavity.

5. The anti-icing structure of a rectifying support plate for multi-turbulence enhanced heat exchange according to claim 1, wherein the front cavity and the rear cavity are arranged in a uniform cross-sectional shape along a radial direction of the rectifying support plate.

6. The multi-turbulence reinforced heat exchange rectification support plate anti-icing structure according to claim 1, wherein the number of the small-size turbulence columns is between 15 and 35 in the radial direction, the distance between two adjacent small-size turbulence columns is between 10 and 20mm, the equivalent diameter of the small-size turbulence columns is not more than 2.0mm, and the ratio of the length of the small-size turbulence columns to the chord length is within the range of 15% -21%.

7. The multiple turbulence enhanced heat exchange rectifying support plate anti-icing structure according to claim 1, wherein the large-sized turbulence columns are arranged in one or more rows in a radial direction.

8. The multiple turbulence enhanced heat exchange rectifying support plate anti-icing structure according to claim 1, wherein the radial interval between two adjacent turbulence plates is between 40 and 70mm, and the angle alpha between each turbulence plate and the partition plate along the airflow direction is more than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.

9. The multiple turbulence enhanced heat exchange rectifying support plate anti-icing structure of claim 1, wherein the flow area of the left channel is smaller than the flow area of the right channel.

10. The multiple turbulence enhanced heat exchange rectifying support plate anti-icing structure according to claim 1, wherein a total area of a plurality of said exhaust outlets is larger than a sum of flow areas of the left channel, the right channel, and the hot gas flow distributing hole.