CN116352028B - Multidirectional negative-pressure compaction device and method for rotary sand box of freezing casting revolving body - Google Patents

Multidirectional negative-pressure compaction device and method for rotary sand box of freezing casting revolving body Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116352028B
CN116352028B CN202211579119.XA CN202211579119A CN116352028B CN 116352028 B CN116352028 B CN 116352028B CN 202211579119 A CN202211579119 A CN 202211579119A CN 116352028 B CN116352028 B CN 116352028B
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Prior art keywords
negative pressure
box
sand
casting
freezing
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CN116352028A (en
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单忠德
杨浩秦
房鑫亮
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C15/00Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
    • B22C15/23Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of green casting of frozen sand molds, and provides a multidirectional negative pressure compaction method and device for a rotary sand box of a frozen casting revolving body, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a revolving body sand box, a primary negative pressure box, a multi-suction hole connector, a mounting rack, a diverter, a secondary negative pressure box, a vacuum pump, a pressure-bearing device and a pipeline. According to the device and the method, the revolving body sand box is utilized to carry out frozen sand mold molding, negative pressure is applied to the frozen sand mold through a plurality of vacuum pumps which are uniformly placed in different directions, the compactness and freezing efficiency of the frozen sand mold are improved, and meanwhile, the problem that the frozen sand mold is difficult to accurately mold in the metal solidification process of casting a large solidification temperature range (such as high-temperature alloy, cast iron, cast steel and the like) is solved.

Description

Multidirectional negative-pressure compaction device and method for rotary sand box of freezing casting revolving body
Technical Field
The invention relates to a molding process of a sand mold in the technical field of casting, in particular to a multidirectional negative pressure compaction device and method for a rotary sand box of a freezing casting revolving body.
Background
The basic principle of the freezing casting is that water is used as sand binder, which is mixed with molding sand at low temperature to freeze to form casting mold, and the casting is obtained through high temperature melt casting. Compared with the traditional casting technology, the molding sand for freezing casting has high recycling rate, the casting process is green and environment-friendly, and the obtained casting has excellent tissue performance, thereby being a green manufacturing technology with good development potential.
In addition to the fact that the sand mold freezing method for freezing casting generally adopts a liquid nitrogen refrigerating or refrigerator refrigerating mode and utilizes the heat transfer principle to carry out freezing molding, the negative pressure freezing molding technology is also proposed abroad to accelerate the sand mold freezing speed and improve the production efficiency by utilizing a heat transfer and convection method.
When metal materials with larger solidifying temperature ranges such as cast iron are poured, the heat released by solidifying the metal is larger and the solid-liquid alloy phase line is wider, so that the heat released by forming a shell on the surface of the casting can not be absorbed by the frozen sand mold completely, and the critical parts of the frozen sand mold are rapidly collapsed to influence the forming quality of the casting.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a multidirectional negative pressure compaction device for a rotary sand box of a freezing casting rotary body, which mainly solves the problem that a sand mold is easy to collapse when a metal component with a larger solidification temperature interval is poured by a freezing sand mold.
The invention relates to a multidirectional negative pressure compaction device for a rotary sand box of a freezing casting revolving body, which comprises a primary negative pressure box, a multi-suction-hole connector, an installation frame, a flow divider, a secondary negative pressure box, a vacuum pump, a pressure-bearing device and a pipeline.
Four vacuum pumps are uniformly arranged on the upper layer of the mounting rack, and one vacuum pump is arranged on the lower layer of the mounting rack and used for applying negative pressure to the periphery and the lower side of the frozen sand mold; the pressure-bearing device is positioned above the middle platform of the mounting rack, the inside of the pressure-bearing device is of a cavity structure, and a shunt is arranged on the side surface of the pressure-bearing device, wherein the cavity inside the pressure-bearing device is connected with the vacuum pump through a pipeline; the upper part of the pressure-bearing device is connected with a secondary negative pressure box, so that the normal application of negative pressure at the bottom of the frozen sand mold is ensured; the secondary negative pressure box is connected with the upper primary negative pressure box, so that negative pressure application on the side surface of the frozen sand mold is ensured, and the sand mold compaction efficiency is increased; and a detachable revolving body sand box is arranged at the cavity parts of the primary negative pressure box and the secondary negative pressure box.
Further, four multi-suction-hole interfaces are arranged around the primary negative pressure box, and each multi-suction-hole interface is connected with a vacuum pump through a pipeline.
Further, a cover plate with array round holes is arranged above the pressure-bearing device and is connected with the secondary negative pressure box, so that the tightness of the negative pressure device is ensured.
Further, the outer side of the frozen sand mold is surrounded by a high-temperature-resistant flexible film material, and the high-temperature-resistant flexible film material is connected with a negative pressure interface through the film material.
A multidirectional negative pressure compaction method for a rotary sand box of a freezing casting revolving body comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting proper molding sand according to casting characteristics, and placing the molding sand into a revolving body sand box for sand casting/cutting/printing molding;
s2: placing the revolving body sand box with the wood pattern or the cut/printed sand mould into a freezing chamber for freezing, taking out the wood pattern/metal pattern midway, and continuing to freeze to a proper temperature;
s3: the frozen sand mould is placed into the cavities of a primary negative pressure box and a secondary negative pressure box, the high-temperature-resistant flexible film is used for sealing, the sealing opening is respectively connected with a multi-suction hole interface in the circumferential direction of the primary negative pressure box and the bottom of the secondary negative pressure box below, and a vacuum pump is opened for negative pressure operation;
s4: immediately pouring the casting after the pressure meets the requirement, and placing and cooling after pouring is finished, and keeping the vacuum pump open in the pouring process;
s5: detecting the temperature of the casting piece by using an infrared thermometer, and closing the vacuum pump when the temperature to be detected is reduced to be below the freezing point temperature;
s6: and taking out the casting after the casting is cooled to room temperature, recovering molding sand, and cleaning the workbench.
The frozen sand mold can be formed by selecting solid of revolution sand boxes with different sizes according to the size of castings.
The 5 vacuum pumps are controlled in series and are simultaneously opened and closed.
The revolving body sand box is used for casting mold molding, and the sand box is removed after the finished casting mold is obtained through a manual molding, printing or cutting method, and the sand mold is directly sealed and vacuumized. The revolving body sand mould has the advantages that the revolving body sand mould is convenient to vacuumize in the circumferential direction, and compared with a cuboid sand mould, part of molding sand is saved, and the cost is reduced.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the device is different from the common traditional method for preparing the frozen sand mold by adopting cuboid and cube unidirectional negative pressure, and the device is used for preparing the low-temperature frozen sand mold by adopting the multidirectional vacuumizing of the revolving body, so that the molding sand material can be further saved, the molding sand use efficiency can be improved, and the cooling rate of complex metal parts can be improved.
2. Negative pressure is applied to the frozen sand mold in multiple directions, so that the efficiency of sand mold freezing and compaction is improved, and meanwhile, the compactness of the sand mold is improved.
3. The device is based on the green casting technology of the frozen sand mold, is favorable for realizing the accurate solidification forming of castings in a large solidification temperature range, expands the application range and innovative scene of the frozen casting technology, reduces the rejection rate of the castings and improves the performance of the castings.
4. The invention aims at the technology to aim at the frozen sand mould taking water as an adhesive, and aims at utilizing negative pressure to fasten the sand mould so as to avoid the collapse of the sand mould caused by rapid gasification of the adhesive water near the casting part during pouring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a multi-directional negative pressure compaction device for a rotary flask of a freezing casting rotary body;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage negative pressure tank structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper cover plate structure of the pressure-bearing device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-suction port interface;
list of reference numerals:
the device comprises a 1-revolving body sand box, a 2-primary negative pressure box, a 3-multi-suction hole connector, a 4-mounting bracket, a 5-shunt, a 6-secondary negative pressure box, a 7-vacuum pump, an 8-pressure-bearing device and a 9-pipeline.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention is further illustrated in the following drawings and detailed description, which are to be understood as being merely illustrative of the invention and not limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a multidirectional negative pressure compacting device for a rotary sand box of a freezing casting rotary body, which comprises a rotary body sand box 1, a primary negative pressure box 2, a multi-suction hole interface 3, a mounting bracket 4, a flow divider 5, a secondary negative pressure box 6, a vacuum pump 7, a pressure bearing device 8 and a pipeline 9. 4 vacuum pumps 7 are evenly arranged on the upper half part of the mounting bracket 4, and 1 vacuum pump 7 is arranged on the lower half part of the mounting bracket for applying negative pressure to the periphery and the lower part of the frozen sand mold.
The pressure-bearing device 8 is positioned above the middle platform of the mounting frame, the inside is of a cavity structure, and the side face of the pressure-bearing device is provided with a flow divider 5 which is used for equally dividing the adsorption action of the vacuum pump 7 to the whole plane so as to realize uniform negative pressure of the bottom surface; the pressure-bearing device is tightly connected with the secondary negative pressure box 6, the secondary negative pressure box 6 is tightly connected with the primary negative pressure box 2 above, negative pressure application between the bottom and the side surface of the frozen sand mould is ensured, and the sand mould compaction efficiency is increased.
The rotary body freezing sand mold is placed at the cavity parts of the primary negative pressure box 2 and the secondary negative pressure box 6; 4 multi-suction-hole interfaces are arranged around the primary negative pressure box and are connected with a vacuum pump through pipelines; and a cover plate with array round holes is arranged above the pressure bearing device and is connected with the secondary negative pressure box, so that the tightness of the negative pressure device is ensured.
The outside of the frozen sand mold is surrounded by a high-temperature-resistant flexible film material, and the high-temperature-resistant flexible film material is connected with a negative pressure interface through the film material to provide negative pressure for the sand mold and improve the compactness of the sand mold.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a multidirectional negative pressure compaction method for the rotary sand box of the freezing casting revolving body, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting proper molding sand according to casting characteristics, and placing the molding sand into a revolving body sand box for sand casting/cutting/printing molding;
s2: placing the revolving body sand box with the wood pattern or the cut/printed sand mould into a freezing chamber for freezing, taking out the wood pattern/metal pattern midway, and continuing to freeze to-40 ℃;
s3: the frozen sand mould is placed into the cavities of a primary negative pressure box and a secondary negative pressure box, the high-temperature-resistant flexible film is used for sealing, the sealing opening is respectively connected with a multi-suction hole interface in the circumferential direction of the primary negative pressure box and the bottom of the secondary negative pressure box below, and a vacuum pump is opened for negative pressure operation;
s4: immediately casting after the vacuum degree reaches 0.06Mpa, placing and cooling after casting is finished, and keeping the vacuum pump on in the casting process;
s5: detecting the temperature of the casting piece by using an infrared thermometer, and closing the vacuum pump when the temperature to be detected is reduced to be below the freezing point temperature;
s6: and taking out the casting after the casting is cooled to room temperature, recovering molding sand, and cleaning the workbench.
The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the embodiment, and also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical features.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a rotatory sand box multidirectional negative pressure compaction device of freezing casting solid of revolution, includes one-level negative pressure box (2), many hole interfaces (3) that inhale, installing frame (4), shunt (5), second grade negative pressure box (6), vacuum pump (7), pressure-bearing device (8) and pipeline (9), its characterized in that: four vacuum pumps (7) are uniformly arranged on the top layer of the mounting rack (4), and 1 vacuum pump (7) is arranged on the bottom layer of the mounting rack for applying negative pressure to the periphery and the lower part of the frozen sand mold; the pressure-bearing device (8) is arranged below the secondary negative pressure box (6); the inside of the pressure-bearing device (8) is of a cavity structure, and the side face of the pressure-bearing device is provided with a flow divider (5); wherein the vacuum pump (7) positioned at the bottom layer is connected with the internal cavity of the pressure-bearing device (8) through a pipeline; the upper part of the pressure-bearing device (8) is connected with a secondary negative pressure box (6) to ensure the normal application of negative pressure at the bottom of the frozen sand mould; the upper part of the secondary negative pressure box (6) is connected with the primary negative pressure box (2), and a detachable revolving body sand box (1) is arranged at the cavity parts of the primary negative pressure box (2) and the secondary negative pressure box (6); four multi-suction-hole interfaces (3) are arranged around the primary negative pressure box (2); each multi-suction-hole interface (3) is connected with a vacuum pump (7) through a pipeline (9); and a cover plate with array round holes is arranged above the pressure-bearing device (8) and is connected with the secondary negative pressure box (6) to ensure the tightness of the negative pressure device.
2. A multi-directional negative pressure compaction method for a rotary sand box of a freezing casting rotary body, which uses the multi-directional negative pressure compaction device for the rotary sand box of the freezing casting rotary body according to claim 1, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting proper molding sand according to casting characteristics, and placing the molding sand into a revolving body sand box (1) for sand casting;
s2: putting the revolving body sand box (1) with the wood pattern into a freezing chamber for freezing, taking out the wood pattern midway, and continuing to freeze to a proper temperature;
s3: the frozen sand mould is placed into the cavities of a primary negative pressure box (2) and a secondary negative pressure box (6), the high-temperature-resistant flexible film is used for sealing, the sealing ports are respectively connected with a multi-suction hole interface in the circumferential direction of the primary negative pressure box (2) and the bottom of the secondary negative pressure box (6) below, and a vacuum pump (7) is opened for negative pressure operation;
s4: immediately pouring the casting after the pressure meets the requirement, placing and cooling after pouring is finished, and keeping the vacuum pump (7) open in the pouring process;
s5: detecting the temperature of the casting piece by using an infrared thermometer, and closing a vacuum pump (7) when the temperature to be detected is reduced to be lower than the freezing point temperature;
s6: and taking out the casting after the casting is cooled to room temperature, recovering molding sand, and cleaning the workbench.
3. The multidirectional negative-pressure compaction method for the rotary sand box of the frozen casting rotary body according to claim 2, wherein the frozen sand mold can be formed by selecting the rotary sand boxes (1) with different sizes according to the size of the casting.
4. The multidirectional negative-pressure compaction method for the rotary sand box of the freezing casting rotary body according to claim 2, wherein five vacuum pumps (7) are controlled in series and are simultaneously opened and closed.
5. The multi-directional negative pressure compaction method for the rotary sand box of the freezing casting revolving body according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the outer side of the freezing sand mould is surrounded by a high-temperature-resistant flexible film material, and is connected with a negative pressure interface through the film material.
CN202211579119.XA 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 Multidirectional negative-pressure compaction device and method for rotary sand box of freezing casting revolving body Active CN116352028B (en)

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5647241A (en) * 1979-09-25 1981-04-28 Teisan Kk Casting method
CN201455198U (en) * 2009-07-09 2010-05-12 遵义市金田铸造有限公司 Lost-foam casting voltage-sharing moulding flask
CN206104827U (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-04-19 苏州东亚机械铸造有限公司 Cylinder negative pressure sand box
CN107442747A (en) * 2017-09-20 2017-12-08 衡阳金扬冶金矿山设备有限公司 The mantle liner plate of large-scale gyratory crusher or the casting method and casting die for boring liner plate surely
CN206966593U (en) * 2017-07-07 2018-02-06 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 A kind of evaporative pattern snap flask
CN209062091U (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-07-05 扬州市职业大学 A kind of uniform die cast sandbox of negative pressure
CN210877445U (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-06-30 青岛恒林工业集团股份有限公司 Diversified negative pressure box
CN112676541A (en) * 2020-12-27 2021-04-20 林旺开 Lost foam precision composite casting equipment
CN114850449A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-05 南京航空航天大学 Negative pressure type freezing sand mold casting device and method for complex metal product
CN114888265A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-12 南京航空航天大学 Preparation method of negative-pressure film-covering frozen sand mold

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5647241A (en) * 1979-09-25 1981-04-28 Teisan Kk Casting method
CN201455198U (en) * 2009-07-09 2010-05-12 遵义市金田铸造有限公司 Lost-foam casting voltage-sharing moulding flask
CN206104827U (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-04-19 苏州东亚机械铸造有限公司 Cylinder negative pressure sand box
CN206966593U (en) * 2017-07-07 2018-02-06 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 A kind of evaporative pattern snap flask
CN107442747A (en) * 2017-09-20 2017-12-08 衡阳金扬冶金矿山设备有限公司 The mantle liner plate of large-scale gyratory crusher or the casting method and casting die for boring liner plate surely
CN209062091U (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-07-05 扬州市职业大学 A kind of uniform die cast sandbox of negative pressure
CN210877445U (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-06-30 青岛恒林工业集团股份有限公司 Diversified negative pressure box
CN112676541A (en) * 2020-12-27 2021-04-20 林旺开 Lost foam precision composite casting equipment
CN114850449A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-05 南京航空航天大学 Negative pressure type freezing sand mold casting device and method for complex metal product
CN114888265A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-12 南京航空航天大学 Preparation method of negative-pressure film-covering frozen sand mold

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