CN116349795A - Pet food with enhanced palatability and processing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides pet food with enhanced palatability and a processing method thereof. Specifically, the invention provides a processing technology for enhancing palatability and avoiding fat spraying of flower materials, and also provides a pet food product prepared by the processing technology. The pet food processing method has the advantages of few steps, simple equipment and low production cost, and solves the technical problems of insufficient palatability, uneven spraying of the fat spraying flower material and the like which are difficult to solve in the prior pet food processing technology. The pet food prepared by the processing technology has good spraying uniformity, good palatability and good social and economic benefits, and is beneficial to digestion and absorption.

Description

Pet food with enhanced palatability and processing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to pet food with enhanced palatability and a processing method thereof, in particular to a processing technology for avoiding low-fat spraying of flower materials and a pet food product prepared by the processing technology.

Background

At present, the living standard of people is higher and higher, more families start to raise pets, and with the improvement of the living standard of modern people and the change of living modes, the pets become an indispensable part of daily life of some people, and accordingly, the demands of various pet foods are continuously increased, so that good opportunities are provided for the market of pet products, and consumers pay more and more attention to the key problems of balanced nutrition, comprehensiveness, palatability and the like of pet foods when feeding the pet foods.

In order for the product to meet the standards required by the pet owners, the pet food manufacturer must ensure the nutrition and flavor of the product. While emphasizing high-quality raw materials, the quality spot check and control of the product are equally important. The ingredients with good quality are prepared into daily ration with balanced nutrition, and a proper processing method is also needed. The processing method is helpful for dissolving starch, avoiding damage to protein due to excessive processing, and meeting the physical requirements of the final product such as size, shape, density and the like.

It is common to spray protein digests and/or flavours onto the surface of pet food to enhance the acceptance of the food by pets, and it is particularly important if the taste and aroma of the food material is directly perceived by the pet as the dog in the pet ingests the food with the sense of smell and the cat tastes against the tongue. Therefore, powdery and pasty taste enhancer and grease are sprayed on the surface of the dry grain particles to enhance the attraction of the pet dry grain. That is, the spraying process in the pet food processing process becomes a key link affecting the palatability of pets.

The phagostimulant is also called a flavoring agent, a flavoring agent and an appetite enhancer, and is an additive added to the feed for improving the palatability of the feed, enhancing the appetite of animals, improving the feed intake of the animals and promoting the digestion, absorption and utilization of the feed. The phagostimulant is usually sprayed on the surface of pet food granules together in the oil raw material. Fat is an important energy substance in the bodies of cats and dogs, and is a nutrient substance with highest energy content. When the energy ingested by the cat or dog exceeds the actual amount needed, the excess energy is stored in the body mainly in the form of fat, and fat stores more energy in a smaller volume, which is the best form of energy stored by the pet. Since vitamin a, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K and carotene are fat-soluble, the fat must be dissolved in cats and dogs to be digested, absorbed and utilized, and thus the fat also provides various essential vitamins, fatty acids, etc. required by cats and dogs.

Of course, the spraying process in pet food is mainly applied to dry grain products, and the spraying process is a coating method of dispersing uniform and fine fog drops into the surface of a coated object by means of pressure or centrifugal force through a spray gun or a disc atomizer. Spraying can be classified into air spraying, airless spraying, electrostatic spraying, and various derivatives of the basic spraying forms described above, such as high-flow low-pressure atomized spraying, thermal spraying, automatic spraying, multi-group spraying, and the like.

Wherein, the key point affecting the spraying effect is uniform spraying firstly. The pet can easily and maximally feel the fragrant smell and the delicious taste, and the aim of uniformly spraying the dry grains is fulfilled, and the pet can feel whether the particle spraying is uniform or not. For example, a cat would run the nose to particles that are not uniformly sprayed. As the uniformity of spraying increases, the palatability of the pet increases. In addition, each step of the spraying process helps the taste enhancer to be uniformly distributed, and the taste enhancer is maximally close to the nose and taste buds of cats and dogs, so that the delicious effect is fully exerted.

Furthermore, the spraying process must use the correct equipment. The spray equipment is developed and updated for a period of time, the original normal pressure spray is developed to the current vacuum spray, the normal pressure spray is divided into batch type and continuous type spray according to different technological requirements, the vacuum spray is mainly divided into batch type spray, and the original vertical type vacuum spray is developed to the current horizontal type vacuum spray, so that the vacuum spray has a larger access door, can be cleaned in an all-round manner, and meets the food sanitation requirements.

The method is used as a very key grease spraying link in the pet food processing technology, and has quite important functions: because the grease spraying is carried out after granulating, the proportion of the grease can be increased as much as possible according to the formula requirement without affecting the firmness of the granules. The post-addition process reduces the residue of grease on processing equipment, thereby reducing the risk of cross contamination. The pellet is sprayed with grease, so that the physical property of the feed is improved, the preference is strong, the grease has certain permeability, and the grease can penetrate into deeper layers of the pellet in the subsequent process and transportation process, so that the dispersion of the feed particles and dust are reduced.

Meanwhile, factors influencing pet food quality in the grease spraying link are as follows: 1. temperature: the oil temperature is too low during spraying, so that the viscosity of the oil can be reduced, fat balls are formed, the fluidity and atomization effect are affected, and the spraying is uneven. 2. And (3) a nozzle: the atomization effect of the grease and the uniformity during spraying are directly related to the structure and the installation position of the nozzle. 3. Particle size and flow direction: the coefficient of variation of spray uniformity is primarily dependent on the surface area, density, and uniformity of the flow of particles. Therefore, the particle diameter is small, the density is high, and the uniform vortex motion of the logistics is more beneficial to uniform spraying and absorption of grease. 4. Solidity of pellet feed: if the pellet feed is not high in firmness, the outer layer is easily peeled off and powder is produced in the subsequent spraying process and storage and transportation processes, so that insufficient nutritional ingredients and formula distortion are caused. 5. And (3) a control system: if the automatic control system for spraying is imperfect or lacks monitoring, waste may occur as soon as special conditions such as oil starvation or logistic changes occur.

Quality problems easily occur when grease is sprayed on the surface: under the high-temperature environment, the grease sprayed on the surface of the pet food can be melted at high temperature, so that the surface of the food is fully covered with liquid grease, and the storage and the feeding of the pet are not facilitated; in a low temperature environment, grease on the surface of the pet food can crystallize due to low temperature, and the storage and the feeding of the pet are also not facilitated. In addition, the grease is directly sprayed on the surface of the pet food, the food-attracting flavor is easy to volatilize, and once the pet food is stored for a long time, the flavor is weakened or is not at all, so that the purpose of attracting the pet food by adding the flavor can not be achieved.

Based on the influencing factors of the spraying links, for actual pet food processing enterprises, after the processing factory and the configured processing equipment are shaped, the optimization of the processing parameters of the spraying links in the processing technology is focused, and the optimization and improvement of the types of the spraying grease raw materials and the spraying temperature are realized.

The inventor discovers that after the pet food is dried, the semi-finished product has high particle temperature, strong fat adsorption capacity and low fat spraying is fast in adsorption, so that the problems of uneven spraying and serious quality of sprayed pattern materials can be caused. Based on the technical problems of uneven spraying and pattern spraying caused by a fat spraying process in the prior art, the invention provides a pet food processing method for improving the fat spraying uniformity, and also provides a pet food product prepared by the processing method and having even fat spraying, thereby solving various problems in the fat spraying process in the pet food processing process and realizing the actual popularization and application of high-quality pet food.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems of uneven spraying, flower spraying, poor palatability and unstable shelf life caused by the fat spraying process of the pet food, the inventor finds through long-term research and verification that the processing method can prepare the pet food with good fat spraying uniformity and palatability, and the pet food prepared by the method has good selectivity, good palatability and easy digestion and absorption, and is a preferable pet food type for a majority of pet owners.

The inventor discovers in the long-term research of the pet food formula that adding a certain amount of ascorbate into chicken oil can not only improve the oxidation resistance of the pet food raw material, but also obviously enhance the palatability of the pet food. Furthermore, the inventor discovers that in the pet food preparation process, after the drying step, the semi-finished product has high particle temperature, strong fat adsorption capacity and uneven spraying caused by uneven spraying due to fast adsorption, and the particle temperature is reduced by setting the pre-cooling step under specific conditions, so that the fat adsorption speed is slowed down, the particles and the fat are uniformly mixed, and the fat spraying of the flower can be thoroughly avoided.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following possible solutions:

a pet food with enhanced palatability comprises the following components: 25-55% of fresh chicken breast, 15-30% of chicken powder, 15-30% of fish meal, 10-20% of potato powder, 10-20% of sweet potato particles, 2-8% of spray grease and 5-10% of premix, and the sum of all raw materials is 100%.

Further, the pet food comprises the following components: 30-40% of fresh chicken breast, 20-30% of chicken powder, 20-30% of fish meal, 10-15% of potato powder, 10-15% of sweet potato particles, 6-8% of spray grease and 6-8% of premix, and the sum of all raw materials is 100%.

Further, the preparation method of the spray grease comprises the steps of adding 1-10 parts by mass of ascorbyl palmitate into 200-800 parts by mass of liquid grease, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the spray grease.

Further, the premix comprises amino acids, pet vitamins, minerals and cellulose.

Further, the amino acid consists of lysine, methionine and cystine, and the mass ratio of the amino acid to the cystine is 6:3:2; the pet vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B, vitamin C, choline and inositol; the mineral is light calcium carbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, yeast selenium, calcium iodate, amino acid copper complex, amino acid iron complex, amino acid manganese complex and amino acid zinc complex; the cellulose is plant cellulose.

Further, the method comprises the steps of:

(1) Crushing, namely fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder;

(2) Emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw material in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw material in a meat sauce tank;

(3) Mixing, namely adding other raw materials into a meat sauce tank after being crushed by a crusher, and mixing the raw materials with fresh meat raw materials fully to prepare the meat sauce;

(4) Puffing, namely puffing the prepared raw materials by using a puffing machine;

(5) Pre-drying, namely pre-drying the puffed particles by using a pre-dryer;

(6) Drying, namely further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer;

(7) Pre-cooling, wherein the dried particles are pre-cooled in a cooling bin 1;

(8) Spraying grease, namely spraying the grease on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine;

(9) Cooling, namely cooling the particles subjected to grease spraying in a cooling bin 2;

(10) Spraying, namely spraying the cooled particles by using a mixer;

(11) Packaging, wherein the sprayed particles are packaged by a packaging machine.

Further, in the puffing step (4), the feeding speed is 3-5 tons/hour, the quenching and tempering steam is 7-13%, the quenching and tempering water is 5-11%, the length of the extrusion hole is 4mm from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ.

Further, in the step of (5) pre-drying, the pre-drying temperature is 60-100 ℃, the pre-drying time is 1-10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 18-30%.

Further, in the drying step (6), the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃, the drying time is 20-40min, and the moisture content after drying is 3-6%.

Further, in the pre-cooling step (7), the pre-cooling temperature is 20-40 ℃ and the pre-cooling time is 10-60min.

Further, in the pre-cooling step (7), the pre-cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the pre-cooling time is 15-30min.

Further, in the step of (8), the grease is liquid grease, the liquid grease is selected from one of chicken oil, soybean oil and fish oil or a combination thereof, and equipment used in the step of grease spraying is a grease spraying machine, and the grease spraying machine comprises a vacuum spraying machine (high grease) and a non-vacuum spraying machine (low grease). The effect of the grease spraying is to meet the fat nutrition requirement of the pet food on one hand and to improve the palatability of the pet food on the other hand.

Further, in the spraying step (10), the spraying raw material includes a liquid slurry such as chicken liver slurry; the spray material may also include powdered materials such as chicken liver powder; the spraying is mainly used for improving the palatability of pet food; the mixer is a horizontal mixer.

Further, the premix comprises vitamins, minerals and cellulose.

Further, through long-term research and analysis, the inventor directly enters a dryer for drying after extrusion and puffing, the moisture content of pet food is 31% -39%, so that uneven heating of particles is caused, and the particles are easy to be shaped poorly due to overhigh moisture. According to the invention, through continuous exploration and comparison research, through adding the pre-drying equipment, the pre-drying at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ is optimized, and a good particle shaping effect can be achieved.

Furthermore, the inventor verifies through rigorous experiments that the grease spraying step is carried out by adding the pre-cooling bin 1 before grease spraying, preferably pre-cooling to 20-40 ℃, so that good uniform particle grease spraying can be achieved, grease spraying of the flower materials can be thoroughly avoided, and the comprehensive effects of enhancing the stability of pet food products and prolonging the shelf life are achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and characteristics.

1. The pet food and the processing method thereof solve the serious quality problems of uneven spraying and pattern spraying caused by high fat adsorption capacity and quick low fat spraying because of high temperature of semi-finished product particles in the existing pet food production process. The inventor discovers that in the pet food preparation process, after the drying step, the semi-finished product has high particle temperature, strong fat adsorption capacity and uneven spraying caused by uneven spraying due to fast adsorption, and the particle temperature is reduced through the pre-cooling step, so that the fat adsorption speed is slowed down, the particles and fat are uniformly mixed, and the flower is avoided.

2. The pet food and the processing method thereof solve the problems that in the existing common production process, grease sprayed on pet food particles can be used for lying in summer and crystallizing in winter. According to the pet food and the processing method thereof, the pre-cooling bin 1 is added before grease spraying, and the grease spraying step is preferably carried out when the pre-cooling is carried out to the temperature of 20-40 ℃, so that a good uniform and stable quality effect of particle grease spraying can be achieved. The pet food prepared by the invention can not melt grease under high-temperature environment and crystallize under low-temperature environment, and the pet food product can achieve good uniform spraying of the granular grease, and can thoroughly avoid spraying the grease with the flower materials, thereby achieving the comprehensive effects of enhancing the stability of the pet food product and prolonging the shelf life.

3. The ascorbyl palmitate added into the spray grease is used as an antioxidant, a nutritional additive, a stabilizer and a synergist of the spray grease, so that the quality guarantee period of pet food is prolonged, and the palatability of the pet food is obviously enhanced.

4. The pet food processing method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of few steps, simple equipment and low production cost, solves the problems of uneven spraying of the grease on the surface of the pet food particles, which are difficult to solve in the conventional pet food processing technology, increases the shelf life of the pet food and enhances the palatability of the pet food.

In conclusion, the pet food particles prepared by the processing technology have excellent forming degree, good palatability and good digestion and absorption benefits, and the high-freshness pet food prepared by the processing technology has wide market application prospect and excellent social and economic benefits.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the pre-cooling process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the cooperation of the pre-cooling processing equipment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following description of the preferred embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. The specific description is as follows: the following examples, in which the specific conditions are not specified, are conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer, and the raw materials used in the following examples are commercially available from ordinary sources except for the specific descriptions.

The spray grease in examples 1-6 was prepared by adding 1-10 parts by mass of ascorbyl palmitate to 200-800 parts by mass of chicken fat, and mixing well to obtain spray grease. The spray grease in the comparative example was chicken oil.

The premix comprises amino acid, pet vitamins, minerals and cellulose. The amino acid consists of lysine, methionine and cystine, and the mass ratio of the amino acid to the methionine to the cystine is 6:3:2; the pet vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B, vitamin C, choline and inositol; the mineral is light calcium carbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, yeast selenium, calcium iodate, amino acid copper complex, amino acid iron complex, amino acid manganese complex and amino acid zinc complex; the cellulose is plant cellulose.

Example 1

The pet food formula comprises: 35kg of fresh chicken breast, 15kg of chicken powder, 15kg of fish meal, 12kg of potato powder, 12kg of sweet potato granules, 6kg of sprayed grease and 5kg of premix.

The processing process comprises the following steps: fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder, emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw materials in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw materials in a meat sauce tank. Other raw materials are crushed by a crusher and added into a meat sauce tank, fully mixed with fresh meat raw materials, and then mixed, the mixed raw materials are puffed by a bulking machine (bulking machine: WENGER X-185), the feeding speed is 3 tons/hour, the conditioning steam is 10%, and the conditioning water is 10%. The extrusion hole of the bulking machine is 4mm away from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ. The moisture content of the material before pre-drying is 36%, and pre-drying is carried out on the puffed particles by a pre-drying machine; the pre-drying temperature is 60-70 ℃, the pre-drying time is 10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 28%. And further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer at a drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, wherein the moisture content after drying is 5%. Pre-cooling the particles in a cooling bin 1 for 30min, pre-cooling to 20 ℃, then carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine, cooling the particles subjected to the grease spraying in a cooling bin 2, spraying the cooled particles by using a horizontal mixer, and packaging the sprayed particles by using a packaging machine.

Example 2

The pet food formula comprises: 40kg of fresh chicken breast, 15kg of chicken powder, 15kg of fish meal, 10kg of potato powder, 10kg of sweet potato granules, 5kg of sprayed grease and 5kg of premix.

The processing process comprises the following steps: fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder, emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw materials in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw materials in a meat sauce tank. Other raw materials are crushed by a crusher and added into a meat sauce tank, fully mixed with fresh meat raw materials, and then mixed, the mixed raw materials are puffed by a bulking machine (bulking machine: WENGER X-185), the feeding speed is 3 tons/hour, the conditioning steam is 10%, and the conditioning water is 10%. The extrusion hole of the bulking machine is 4mm away from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ. The moisture content of the material before pre-drying is 36%, and pre-drying is carried out on the puffed particles by a pre-drying machine; the pre-drying temperature is 60-70 ℃, the pre-drying time is 10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 28%. And further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer at a drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, wherein the moisture content after drying is 5%. Pre-cooling the particles in a cooling bin 1 for 25min, pre-cooling to 25 ℃, then carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine, cooling the particles subjected to the grease spraying in a cooling bin 2, spraying the cooled particles by using a horizontal mixer, and packaging the sprayed particles by using a packaging machine.

Example 3

The pet food formula comprises: 35kg of fresh chicken breast, 15kg of chicken powder, 15kg of fish meal, 12kg of potato powder, 12kg of sweet potato granules, 6kg of sprayed grease and 5kg of premix.

The processing process comprises the following steps: fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder, emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw materials in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw materials in a meat sauce tank. Other raw materials are crushed by a crusher and added into a meat sauce tank, fully mixed with fresh meat raw materials, and then mixed, the mixed raw materials are puffed by a bulking machine (bulking machine: WENGER X-185), the feeding speed is 3 tons/hour, the conditioning steam is 10%, and the conditioning water is 10%. The extrusion hole of the bulking machine is 4mm away from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ. The moisture content of the material before pre-drying is 36%, and pre-drying is carried out on the puffed particles by a pre-drying machine; the pre-drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the pre-drying time is 10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 28%. And further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer at a drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, wherein the moisture content after drying is 5%. Pre-cooling the particles in a cooling bin 1 for 25min, pre-cooling to 28 ℃, then carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine, cooling the particles subjected to the grease spraying in a cooling bin 2, spraying the cooled particles by using a horizontal mixer, and packaging the sprayed particles by using a packaging machine.

Example 4

The pet food formula comprises: 40kg of fresh chicken breast, 15kg of chicken powder, 15kg of fish meal, 10kg of potato powder, 10kg of sweet potato granules, 5kg of sprayed grease and 5kg of premix.

The processing process comprises the following steps: fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder, emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw materials in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw materials in a meat sauce tank. Other raw materials are crushed by a crusher and added into a meat sauce tank, fully mixed with fresh meat raw materials, and then mixed, the mixed raw materials are puffed by a bulking machine (bulking machine: WENGER X-185), the feeding speed is 3 tons/hour, the conditioning steam is 10%, and the conditioning water is 10%. The extrusion hole of the bulking machine is 4mm away from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ. The moisture content of the material before pre-drying is 36%, and pre-drying is carried out on the puffed particles by a pre-drying machine; the pre-drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the pre-drying time is 10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 28%. And further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer at a drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, wherein the moisture content after drying is 5%. Pre-cooling the particles in a cooling bin 1 for 20min, pre-cooling to 32 ℃, then carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine, cooling the particles subjected to the grease spraying in a cooling bin 2, spraying the cooled particles by using a horizontal mixer, and packaging the sprayed particles by using a packaging machine.

Example 5

The pet food formula comprises: 35kg of fresh chicken breast, 15kg of chicken powder, 15kg of fish meal, 12kg of potato powder, 12kg of sweet potato granules, 6kg of sprayed grease and 5kg of premix.

The processing process comprises the following steps: fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder, emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw materials in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw materials in a meat sauce tank. Other raw materials are crushed by a crusher and added into a meat sauce tank, fully mixed with fresh meat raw materials, and then mixed, the mixed raw materials are puffed by a bulking machine (bulking machine: WENGER X-185), the feeding speed is 3 tons/hour, the conditioning steam is 10%, and the conditioning water is 10%. The extrusion hole of the bulking machine is 4mm away from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ. The moisture content of the material before pre-drying is 36%, and pre-drying is carried out on the puffed particles by a pre-drying machine; the pre-drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, the pre-drying time is 10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 28%. And further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer at a drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, wherein the moisture content after drying is 5%. Pre-cooling the particles in a cooling bin 1 for 15min, pre-cooling to 36 ℃, then carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine, cooling the particles subjected to the grease spraying in a cooling bin 2, spraying the cooled particles by using a horizontal mixer, and packaging the sprayed particles by using a packaging machine.

Example 6

The pet food formula comprises: 40kg of fresh chicken breast, 15kg of chicken powder, 15kg of fish meal, 10kg of potato powder, 10kg of sweet potato granules, 5kg of sprayed grease and 5kg of premix.

The processing process comprises the following steps: fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder, emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw materials in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw materials in a meat sauce tank. Other raw materials are crushed by a crusher and added into a meat sauce tank, fully mixed with fresh meat raw materials, and then mixed, the mixed raw materials are puffed by a bulking machine (bulking machine: WENGER X-185), the feeding speed is 3 tons/hour, the conditioning steam is 10%, and the conditioning water is 10%. The extrusion hole of the bulking machine is 4mm away from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ. The moisture content of the material before pre-drying is 36%, and pre-drying is carried out on the puffed particles by a pre-drying machine; the pre-drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, the pre-drying time is 10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 28%. And further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer at a drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, wherein the moisture content after drying is 5%. Pre-cooling the particles in a cooling bin 1 for 15min, pre-cooling to 40 ℃, then carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine, cooling the particles subjected to the grease spraying in a cooling bin 2, spraying the cooled particles by using a horizontal mixer, and packaging the sprayed particles by using a packaging machine.

Comparative example 1

The pet food formula comprises: 35kg of fresh chicken breast, 15kg of chicken powder, 15kg of fish meal, 12kg of potato powder, 12kg of sweet potato granules, 6kg of sprayed grease and 5kg of premix.

The processing process comprises the following steps: fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder, emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw materials in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw materials in a meat sauce tank. Other raw materials are crushed by a crusher and added into a meat sauce tank, fully mixed with fresh meat raw materials, and then mixed, the mixed raw materials are puffed by a bulking machine (bulking machine: WENGER X-185), the feeding speed is 3 tons/hour, the conditioning steam is 10%, and the conditioning water is 10%. The extrusion hole of the bulking machine is 4mm away from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ. The moisture content of the material before pre-drying is 36%, and pre-drying is carried out on the puffed particles by a pre-drying machine; the pre-drying temperature is 60-70 ℃, the pre-drying time is 10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 28%. And further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer at a drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, wherein the moisture content after drying is 5%. And (3) directly carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine without pre-cooling, cooling the particles subjected to the grease spraying in a cooling bin 2, spraying the cooled particles by using a horizontal mixer, and packaging the sprayed particles by using a packaging machine. .

Comparative example 2

The pet food formula comprises: 40kg of fresh chicken breast, 15kg of chicken powder, 15kg of fish meal, 10kg of potato powder, 10kg of sweet potato granules, 5kg of sprayed grease and 5kg of premix.

The processing process comprises the following steps: fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder, emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw materials in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw materials in a meat sauce tank. Other raw materials are crushed by a crusher and added into a meat sauce tank, fully mixed with fresh meat raw materials, and then mixed, the mixed raw materials are puffed by a bulking machine (bulking machine: WENGER X-185), the feeding speed is 3 tons/hour, the conditioning steam is 10%, and the conditioning water is 10%. The extrusion hole of the bulking machine is 4mm away from the side, and the cutting speed is 38HZ. The moisture content of the material before pre-drying is 36%, and pre-drying is carried out on the puffed particles by a pre-drying machine; the pre-drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the pre-drying time is 10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 28%. And further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer at a drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 30min, wherein the moisture content after drying is 5%. And (3) directly carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a vacuum spraying machine without pre-cooling, cooling the particles subjected to the grease spraying in a cooling bin 2, spraying the cooled particles by using a horizontal mixer, and packaging the sprayed particles by using a packaging machine.

The effect of the forming degree of the pet food particles is compared

1. Lab value of particles

Each implementation group randomly takes 50 particles for measurement, the Lab value of the particles is not obtained by testing by using a traditional color difference meter, the data is that a particle photo is taken under a unified condition, the front surface of each group of particles is taken by using a camera (the same environment and the same shooting parameters), the Lab mean value of a 31 pixel point-31 pixel point area at the center position of the front surface of each particle is measured by using Adobe Photoshop CC 2019, the final result is marked by the mean value and the standard deviation, and the uniformity of the color difference of the particles is comprehensively judged according to the mean value and the standard deviation.

2. Test results

Table 1 comparison of particle size and hardness test results

To further verify the advantages of the present invention, the inventors set up test and control groups for pet food granule shelf life experiments.

Test group: the pet food granules are puffed and dried, a pre-cooling step is added after the puffing and drying steps, and then a grease spraying process is carried out; control group: the pet food granules are directly subjected to the grease spraying process without the pre-cooling step after the puffing and drying steps. The pet food raw material formula of the test group and the control group is the same as other process conditions, the packaging is the same, and the production date is consistent.

10 persons with sensory evaluation experience were randomly selected, and the fragrance durability and the uniformity of grease on the surface of the pet food were evaluated for two groups of pet food, and the evaluation results are as follows:

fragrance persistence assessment:

the test group has stronger fragrance after being stored for one month and has lighter fragrance after being stored for two months; the control group had a lighter fragrance after one month of storage and was essentially non-fragrant after two months of storage.

Evaluation of the grease state on the surface of pet food:

placing the test group and the control group in a temperature environment of 30-35 ℃ for one month, and observing the surface change condition of the particles after opening the package, wherein the surface of the test group is smooth and not sticky and has no change when being stored; the control group had a liquid oil appearance and was tacky. Placing the test group and the control group in an environment of minus 5-10 ℃ for one month, opening the package, and observing the change condition of the particle surface, wherein the particle surface of the test group is basically the same as that of the test group which is just stored, and a thin layer of white frost appears on the particle surface of the control group.

Comprehensive analysis

From the Lab values of the particles of comparative examples 1-2 and examples 1-6 in Table 1 above, it can be derived that: the standard deviation of L values of pet food of examples 1-6 is obviously smaller than that of comparative examples 1-2, and the uniformity of grease spraying is also obviously better than that of comparative examples 1-2. Under the processing technological parameters of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, namely, puffing and drying pet food particles, pre-cooling to 20-25 ℃, then performing grease spraying, wherein the standard deviation of the L value of the processed pet food is minimum, and the uniformity of the grease spraying is optimal.

The spray oils with ascorbyl palmitate in examples 1-6 are significantly more excellent in the long-lasting fragrance of pet food and the state of oil on the surface of pet food than the spray oils without ascorbyl palmitate in the comparative examples.

By combining the specific examples and the comparative examples of the processing method, it can be seen that after drying, the semi-finished product has high particle temperature, strong fat adsorption capacity, uneven spraying caused by uneven spraying due to fast adsorption, and the particle temperature is reduced by pre-cooling, so that the fat adsorption speed is slowed down, the particles and fat are uniformly mixed, and the flowers are avoided. Meanwhile, by adding the antioxidant, the stabilizer and the synergist into the spray grease, the palatability of the pet food is obviously enhanced, and the pet food has a longer shelf life.

The pet food processing method has the advantages of few steps, simple equipment and low production cost, and solves the problem that the grease spraying is easy to flower in the existing pet food processing technology. The pet food granules with enhanced palatability prepared by the processing technology have excellent forming degree, good palatability and convenient digestion and absorption, and the pet food prepared by the processing technology can achieve good quality effects of uniform and stable spraying of the granular grease. The grease can not be melted out in a high-temperature environment, and can not be crystallized in a low-temperature environment, so that the pet food product can achieve good uniform particle grease spraying, and can thoroughly avoid grease spraying of the flower materials, thereby achieving the comprehensive effects of enhancing the stability of the pet food product and prolonging the shelf life. The ascorbyl palmitate added in the spray grease is used as an antioxidant, a nutritional additive, a stabilizer and a synergist of the spray grease, so that the quality guarantee period of pet food is prolonged, the palatability of the pet food is obviously enhanced, and the spray grease has wide market application prospect and excellent social and economic benefits.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A pet food product having enhanced palatability, characterized by: the formula of the pet food comprises the following components: 25-55% of fresh chicken breast, 15-30% of chicken powder, 15-30% of fish meal, 10-20% of potato powder, 10-20% of sweet potato particles, 2-8% of spray grease and 5-10% of premix, wherein the sum of all raw materials is 100%.

2. The enhanced palatability pet food of claim 1 wherein: the formula of the pet food comprises the following components: 30-40% of fresh chicken breast, 20-30% of chicken powder, 20-30% of fish meal, 10-15% of potato powder, 10-15% of sweet potato particles, 6-8% of spray grease and 6-8% of premix, wherein the sum of all raw materials is 100%.

3. The enhanced palatability pet food of any one of claims 1 or 2 wherein: the preparation method of the spray grease comprises the steps of adding 1-10 parts by mass of ascorbyl palmitate into 200-800 parts by mass of liquid grease, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the spray grease.

4. The enhanced palatability pet food of any one of claims 1-3 wherein: the premix comprises amino acids, pet vitamins, minerals and cellulose.

5. The method for processing the pet food with enhanced palatability of claim 4 wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Crushing, namely fully crushing fresh meat raw materials by a meat grinder;

(2) Emulsifying the crushed fresh meat raw material in an emulsifying machine, and storing the emulsified fresh meat raw material in a meat sauce tank;

(3) Mixing, namely adding other raw materials into a meat sauce tank after being crushed by a crusher, and mixing the raw materials with fresh meat raw materials fully to prepare the meat sauce;

(4) Puffing, namely puffing the prepared raw materials by using a puffing machine;

(5) Pre-drying, namely pre-drying the puffed particles by using a pre-dryer;

(6) Drying, namely further drying the pre-dried particles in a dryer;

(7) Pre-cooling, wherein the dried particles are pre-cooled in a cooling bin 1;

(8) Carrying out grease spraying, namely carrying out grease spraying on the dried particles by using a grease spraying machine;

(9) Cooling, namely cooling the particles subjected to grease spraying in a cooling bin 2;

(10) Spraying, namely spraying the cooled particles by using a mixer;

(11) Packaging, wherein the sprayed particles are packaged by a packaging machine.

6. The processing method according to claim 5, wherein: in the puffing step (4), the feeding speed is 3-5 tons/hour, the quenching and tempering steam is 7-13%, the quenching and tempering water is 5-11%, the length of the extrusion hole is 4mm, and the cutting speed is 38HZ.

7. The processing method according to claim 5, wherein: in the step of (5) pre-drying, the pre-drying temperature is 60-100 ℃, the pre-drying time is 1-10min, and the moisture content after pre-drying is 18-30%.

8. The processing method according to claim 5, wherein: in the pre-cooling step (7), the pre-cooling temperature is 20-40 ℃ and the pre-cooling time is 10-60min.

9. The processing method according to claim 5, wherein: in the step of (8) spraying the grease, the grease is liquid grease, the liquid grease is selected from one of chicken oil, soybean oil and fish oil or a combination thereof, and the grease spraying machine comprises a vacuum spraying machine and a non-vacuum spraying machine.

10. The processing method according to claim 5, wherein: in the spraying step (10), the spraying raw materials comprise liquid slurry and powdery raw materials, and the mixer is a horizontal mixer.

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