CN116348117A - Hpk1激酶抑制剂化合物 - Google Patents
Hpk1激酶抑制剂化合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116348117A CN116348117A CN202280006669.4A CN202280006669A CN116348117A CN 116348117 A CN116348117 A CN 116348117A CN 202280006669 A CN202280006669 A CN 202280006669A CN 116348117 A CN116348117 A CN 116348117A
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- alkyl
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- alkylene
- stereoisomer
- Prior art date
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 35
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
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Classifications
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
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- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种式(I)结构的具有抑制HPK1激酶活性的化合物以及包含所述化合物的药物组合物。本发明还提供了所述化合物在预防和/或治疗癌症、肿瘤、炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病或免疫介导性疾病中的用途。
Description
本申请要求于2021年3月23日提交到中国国家知识产权局的发明名称为“HPK1激酶抑制剂化合物”的中国专利申请202110308954.9的优先权,其内容通过引用以整体并入本文。
本发明涉及一种杂环化合物,具体地涉及一种高活性的HPK1激酶抑制剂及其用途。
HPK1是MAP4K家族的成员之一,主要在造血系统细胞中表达,并且充当T细胞增殖和信号传导的细胞内负调节物。抗原刺激T细胞后促使胞浆中的接头蛋白SLP-76被招募到脂膜TCR复合体上,为信号转导相关激酶提供结合位点来实现TCR介导的信号传递而诱导T细胞激活。在这一过程中HPK1被酪氨酸激酶Lck和Zap70磷酸化而激活,参与调节T细胞受体蛋白相互作用。HPK1通过磷酸化接头蛋白SLP-76的Ser376位点,使得SLP-76与支架蛋白14-3-3ε结合进而通过蛋白酶体被降解,而这一效应使得SLP-76与信号转导相关激酶结合减少而阻断了TCR信号转导,继而抑制T细胞激活和增值。另一方面,HPK1还参与了调控树突状细胞(DC)的成熟及激活,特别是抑制了DC细胞中协助T细胞激活相关蛋白如CD80,CD86及MHC复合物等的表达,进而影响DC调节T细胞激活的作用;而活化的DC对肿瘤抗原的呈递及DC和T细胞的相互协作是抗肿瘤免疫系统中最重要的环节之一。此外在肿瘤微环境中存在大量免疫抑制性的分子如PGE2和TGF-β,这些因子介导的免疫抑制作用也与HPK1有重要联系。总体而言,特异性靶向抑制HPK1的小分子化合物可以改善T细胞功能,增强DC细胞功能,并同时逆转肿瘤免疫抑制微环境,通过多途径来发挥增强抗肿瘤免疫效应,从而实现抑制肿瘤生长的作用。然而,目前尚缺乏有效的HPK1激酶活性抑制剂。
因此,现有技术中仍迫切需要有效的HPK1激酶活性抑制剂,以便为抗肿瘤提供更多有效的选择。
发明内容
本发明意外发现了一种具有抑制HPK1激酶活性的式(I)化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物或立体异构体。因此,在第一个方面,本发明提供了具有式(I)结构的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体:
其中
R
1表示氢、(C
1-C
6)烷基或(C
3-C
8)环烷基;
R
2表示氢、(C
1-C
6)烷基、卤素、氰基、-OR
a或(C
1-C
6)卤代烷基;
R
3表示氢、卤素、-OR
a、(C
1-C
6)烷基、(C
1-C
6)卤代烷基、羟基(C
1-C
6)烷基、(C
2-C
6)烯基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(C
3-C
8)环烷基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(4-8元)杂环烷基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(C
3-C
8)环烷基氧基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(4-8元)杂环烷基氧基;
B表示-(C
0-C
6)亚烷基-、-O-(C
1-C
6)烷基-、-S-(C
1-C
6)烷基-、-S(O)-(C
1-C
6)烷基-;
R
4和R
4’各自独立地表示氢、(C
1-C
6)烷基、(C
2-C
6)烯基或卤素;
或者R
4与R
4’一起和与之相连的碳原子形成3-6元环,该环中还可以任意地含有0、1或2个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
R
5表示氢、C
1-C
6烷基、卤代(C
1-C
6)烷基、(C
3-C
6)烯基、(C
3-C
8)环烷基、卤代(C
3-C
8)环烷基、(4-8元)杂环烷基、卤代(4-8元)杂环烷基、-(C
0-C
6)亚烷基-OR
a、-(C
0-C
6)亚烷基-COOR
a或者-(C
0-C
6)亚烷基-C(O)NR
aR
a’;;
R
6和R
6’各自独立地表示氢、C
1-C
6烷基、(C
1-C
6)卤代烷基、(C
2-C
6)烯基、卤素或-(C
0-C
6)亚烷基-OR
a;
或者R
6与R
6’一起和与之相连的碳原子形成3-6元环,该环中还可以任意地含有0、1或2个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
X
1表示N或者CR
7;
其中R
7表示氢、卤素、(C
1-C
6)烷基、(C
1-C
6)卤代烷基、(C
2-C
6)烯基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(C
3-C
8)环烷基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(4-10元)杂环烷基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(C
6-C
10)芳基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(5-10)元杂芳基,
或者,当X
1表示CR
7时,R
7可以与相邻的R
3一起形成(5-10元)环烷基或者(5-10元)杂环烷基,其任选地被卤素取代;
R
M和R
N各自独立地表示氢、(C
1-C
6)烷基、(C
1-C
6)卤代烷基,或者
R
M和R
N一起和与之相连的碳原子环合成3-6元环,该环中还可以任意地含有0、1或2个选自O、N、S的杂原子,其任选地被卤素取代;进一步地,该环还可以任意地被0、1或2个选自卤素、OR
a的取代基所取代;且R
M和R
N不同时为氢;
其中R
a,R
b表示氢或(C
1-C
6)烷基;
m、n表示0、1、2、3。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,R
1表示(C
1-C
6)烷基。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,R
2表示氢、卤素或(C
1-C
6)烷基或者卤代(C
1-C
6)烷基。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,X
1表示N或者CH。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,R
3表示-OR
a、(C
1-C
6)烷基或者(C
3-C
8)环烷基。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,R
4和R
4’各自独立地表示氢。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,R
5表示氢、(C
1-C
6)烷基或者(C
3-C
8)环烷基。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,R
6和R
6’各自独立地表示氢、卤素、(C
1-C
6)烷基或者(C
1-C
6)卤代烷基。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,R
7表示氢、卤素、(C
1-C
6)烷基、(C
1-C
6)卤代烷基、-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(C
3-C
8)环烷基或者-(C
0-C
6亚烷基)(4-10元)杂环烷基。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,m表示1或2。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,n表示1或2。
在本发明的优选技术方案中,m表示1,n表示2。
特别优选地,本发明提供了如下具体化合物:
在另一方面,本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,其包含本发明所述的化合物以及药学上可用的载体。
在又一方面,本发明还提供了一种本发明的化合物或者药物组合物在制备用于预防和/或治疗癌症、肿瘤、炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病或免疫介导性疾病的药物中的用途。
特别注意的是,在本文中,当提及具有特定结构式的“化合物”时,一般地还涵盖其立体异构体、非对映异构体、对映异构体、外消旋混合物和同位素衍生物。
本领域技术人员公知,一种化合物的盐、溶剂合物、水合物是化合物的替代性存在形式,它们都可以在一定条件下转化为所述化合物,因此,特别注意的是在本文中当提到一种化合物时,一般地还包括它的可药用盐,进而还包括其溶剂合物和水合物。
相似地,在本文中当提到一种化合物时,一般地还包括其前药、代谢产物和氮氧化物。
本发明所述的可药用盐可使用例如以下的无机酸或有机酸而形成:“可药用盐”是指这样的盐,在合理的医学判断范围内,其适用于接触人和较低等动物的组织,而没有不适当的毒性、刺激性、过敏反应等,称得上合理的受益/风险比。可以在本发明化合物的最终分离和纯化期间原位制备所述盐,或单独通过将游离碱或游离酸与合适的试剂反应制备所述盐,如下概述。例如,游离碱官能团可以与合适的酸反应。此外,当本发明的化合物带有酸性部分时,其合适的可药用盐可包括金属盐,例如碱金属盐(如钠盐或钾盐);和碱土金属盐(如钙盐或镁盐)。可药用的无毒酸加成盐的示例是氨基与无机酸(例如, 盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、硫酸和高氯酸)或有机酸(例如,醋酸、草酸、马来酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸或丙二酸)形成的盐,或通过使用现有技术中的其他方法如离子交换形成的盐。其他可药用盐包括己二酸盐、海藻酸钠、抗坏血酸盐、天门冬氨酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硼酸盐、丁酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、柠檬酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、二葡糖酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙磺酸盐、甲酸盐、富马酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、hernisulfate、庚酸盐、己酸盐、氢碘酸盐、2-羟基-乙磺酸盐、乳糖酸盐、乳酸盐、月桂酸盐、月桂基硫酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、丙二酸盐、甲磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、油酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、扑酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、3-苯丙酸盐、磷酸盐、苦味盐、新戊酸盐、丙酸盐、硬脂酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、十一酸盐、戊酸盐等。代表性碱金属或碱土金属盐包括钠盐、锂盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐等。其他可药用盐包括(适当时)无毒铵盐、季铵盐和用反离子形成的铵阳离子,例如,卤化物、氢氧化物、羧酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、低级烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐。
本发明的可药用盐可通过常规方法制备,例如通过将本发明的化合物溶解于与水可混溶的有机溶剂(例如丙酮、甲醇、乙醇和乙腈),向其中添加过量的有机酸或无机酸水溶液,以使得盐从所得混合物中沉淀,从中除去溶剂和剩余的游离酸,然后分离所沉淀的盐。
本发明所述的前体或代谢物可以是本领域公知的前体或代谢物,只要所述的前体或代谢物可通过体内代谢转化形成目标化合物即可。例如“前药”是指本发明化合物的那些前药,在合理的医学判断范围内,其适用于接触人和更低等动物的组织,而没有不适当的毒性、刺激性、过敏反应等,称得上合理的受益/风险比并且对其预期用途有效。术语“前药”是指在体内迅速经转化产生上述式的母体化合物的化合物,例如通过在体内代谢,或本发明化合物的N-去甲基化。
本发明所述的“溶剂合物”意指本发明化合物与一个或多个溶剂分子(无论有机的还是无机的)的物理缔合。该物理缔合包括氢键。在某些情形中,例如当一个或多个溶剂分子纳入结晶固体的晶格中时,溶剂化物将能够被分离。溶剂化物中的溶剂分子可按规则排列和/或 无序排列存在。溶剂合物可包含化学计量或非化学计量的溶剂分子。“溶剂合物”涵盖溶液相和可分离的溶剂合物。示例性溶剂合物包括但不限于水合物、乙醇合物、甲醇合物和异丙醇合物。溶剂化方法是本领域公知的。
本发明所述的“立体异构”分为构象异构和构型异构,构型异构还可分为顺反异构和旋光异构(即光学异构),构象异构是指具有一定构型的有机物分子由于碳、碳单键的旋转或扭曲而使得分子各原子或原子团在空间产生不同的排列方式的一种立体异构现象,常见的有烷烃和环烷烃类化合物的结构,如环己烷结构中出现的椅式构象和船式构象。“立体异构体”是指当本发明化合物含有一个或多个不对称中心,因而可作为外消旋体和外消旋混合物、单一对映异构体、非对映异构体混合物和单一非对映异构体。本发明化合物有不对称中心,每个不对称中心会产生两个光学异构体,本发明的范围包括所有可能的光学异构体和非对映异构体混合物和纯的或部分纯的化合物。本发明所述的化合物可以以互变异构体形式存在,其通过一个或多个双键位移而具有不同的氢的连接点。例如,酮和它的烯醇形式是酮-烯醇互变异构体。各互变异构体及其混合物都包括在本发明的化合物中。所有式(I)化合物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、内消旋体、顺反异构体、互变异构体、几何异构体、差向异构体及其混合物等,均包括在本发明范围中。
本发明的“同位素衍生物”是指在本专利中化合物被同位素标记的分子。通常用作同位素标记的同位素是:氢同位素,
2H和
3H;碳同位素:
11C、
13C和
14C;氯同位素:
35Cl和
37Cl;氟同位素:
18F;碘同位素:
123I和
125I;氮同位素:
13N和
15N;氧同位素:
15O,
17O和
18O和硫同位素
35S。这些同位素标记化合物可以用来研究药用分子在组织中的分布情况。尤其是氘
3H和碳
13C,由于它们容易标记且方便检测,运用更为广泛。某些重同位素,比如重氢(
2H),的取代能增强代谢的稳定性,延长半衰期从而达到减少剂量的目而提供疗效优势的。同位素标记的化合物一般从已被标记的起始物开始,用已知的合成技术如同合成非同位素标记的化合物一样来完成其合成。
本发明还提供了本发明化合物在制备用于预防和/或治疗癌症、 肿瘤、炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病或免疫介导性疾病的药物中的用途。
此外,本发明提供了用于预防和/或治疗癌症、肿瘤、炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病、神经退行性疾病、注意力相关疾病或免疫介导性疾病的药物组合物,其包含本发明化合物作为活性成分。
此外,本发明提供了一种用于预防和/或治疗癌症、肿瘤、炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病、神经退行性疾病、注意力相关疾病或免疫介导性疾病的方法,其包括向有此需要的哺乳动物施用本发明化合物。
炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和免疫介导性疾病的代表性实例可包括但不限于,关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、脊柱关节炎、痛风性关节炎、骨关节炎、幼年型关节炎、其他关节炎性病症、狼疮、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、皮肤相关疾病、银屑病、湿疹、皮炎、过敏性皮肤炎、疼痛、肺病、肺部炎症、成人呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、肺结节病、慢性肺部炎症性疾病、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、心血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗塞、充血性心力衰竭、心肌缺血再灌注损伤、炎性肠病、克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、肠易激综合征、哮喘、干燥综合征、自身免疫甲状腺疾病、荨麻疹(风疹)、多发性硬化、硬皮症、器官移植排斥、异种移植、特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)、帕金森病、阿尔兹海默病、糖尿病相关疾病、炎症、盆腔炎性疾病、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性支气管炎、过敏性鼻窦炎、白血病、淋巴瘤、B细胞淋巴瘤、T细胞淋巴瘤、骨髓瘤、急性淋巴性白血病(ALL)、慢性淋巴性白血病(CLL)、急性髓性白血病(AML)、慢性髓性白血病(CML)、毛细胞白血病、何杰金氏病、非何杰金淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)、骨髓增生性肿瘤(MPN)、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤和滤泡性淋巴瘤。
癌症或肿瘤的代表性实例可包括但不限于,皮肤癌、膀胱癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌、肺癌、骨癌、脑癌、神经细胞瘤、直肠癌、结肠癌、家族性腺瘤性息肉性癌、遗传性非息肉性结直肠癌、食管癌、唇癌、喉癌、下咽癌、舌癌、唾液腺癌、胃癌、腺癌、甲状腺髓样癌、乳头状甲状腺癌、肾癌、肾实质癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、子宫体癌、子宫内膜癌、绒毛膜癌、胰腺癌、前列 腺癌、睾丸癌、泌尿癌、黑素瘤、脑肿瘤诸如成胶质细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、脑膜瘤、成神经管细胞瘤和外周神经外胚层肿瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、伯基特淋巴瘤、急性淋巴性白血病(ALL)、慢性淋巴性白血病(CLL)、急性骨髓性白血病(AML)、慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)、成人T细胞白血病淋巴瘤、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)、肝细胞癌、胆囊癌、支气管癌、小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、多发性骨髓瘤、基底细胞瘤、畸胎瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、脉络膜黑素瘤、精原细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、颅咽管瘤、骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、肌肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、尤因肉瘤或浆细胞瘤。
当将本发明化合物或其可药用盐与另外的用于治疗癌症或肿瘤的抗癌剂或免疫检查点抑制剂组合施用时,本发明化合物或其可药用盐可提供增强的抗癌作用。
用于治疗癌症或肿瘤的抗癌剂的代表性实例可包括但不限于细胞信号转导抑制剂、苯丁酸氮芥、美法仑、环磷酰胺、异环磷酰胺、白消安、卡莫司汀、洛莫司汀、链脲佐菌素、顺铂、卡铂、奥沙利铂、达卡巴嗪、替莫唑胺、丙卡巴肼、甲氨蝶呤、氟尿嘧啶、阿糖胞苷、吉西他滨、巯基嘌呤、氟达拉滨、长春碱、长春新碱、长春瑞滨、紫杉醇、多西紫杉醇、拓扑替康、伊立替康、依托泊苷、曲贝替定、更生霉素、多柔比星、表柔比星、道诺霉素、米托蒽醌、博来霉素、丝裂霉素C、伊沙匹隆、他莫昔芬、氟他胺、戈那瑞林类似物、甲地孕酮、强的松、地塞米松、甲泼尼龙、沙利度胺、干扰素α、亚叶酸钙、西罗莫司、西罗莫司脂化物、依维莫司、阿法替尼、alisertib、amuvatinib、阿帕替尼、阿西替尼、硼替佐米、波舒替尼、布立尼布、卡博替尼、西地尼布、crenolanib、克卓替尼、达拉菲尼、达可替尼、达努塞替、达沙替尼、多维替尼、厄洛替尼、foretinib、ganetespib、吉非替尼、依鲁替尼、埃克替尼、伊马替尼、iniparib、拉帕替尼、lenvatinib、linifanib、linsitinib、马赛替尼、momelotinib、莫替沙尼、来那替尼、尼罗替尼、niraparib、oprozomib、olaparib、帕唑帕尼、pictilisib、普纳替尼、quizartinib、瑞格菲尼、rigosertib、rucaparib、鲁索利替尼、塞卡替尼、saridegib、索拉非尼、舒尼替尼、替拉替尼、tivantinib、替沃扎尼、托法替尼、曲美替尼、凡德他尼、维利帕尼、威罗菲尼、维莫德吉、 volasertib、阿仑单抗、贝伐单抗、贝伦妥单抗维多汀、卡妥索单抗、西妥昔单抗、地诺单抗、吉妥珠单抗、伊匹单抗、尼妥珠单抗、奥法木单抗、帕尼单抗、利妥昔单抗、托西莫单抗、曲妥珠单抗、PI3K抑制剂、CSF1R抑制剂、A2A和/或A2B受体拮抗剂、IDO抑制剂、抗PD-1抗体、抗PD-L1抗体、LAG3抗体、TIM-3抗体及抗CTLA-4抗体或其任意组合。
当将本发明化合物或其可药用盐与另外的用于治疗炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和免疫介导性疾病的治疗剂组合施用时,本发明化合物或其可药用盐可提供增强的治疗作用。
用于治疗炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和免疫介导性疾病的治疗剂的代表性实例可包括但不限于,甾体药物(例如,强的松、氢化波尼松、甲基氢化波尼松、可的松、羟基可的松、倍他米松、地塞米松等)、甲氨蝶呤、来氟米特、抗TNFα剂(例如,依那西普、英夫利昔单抗、阿达利单抗等)、钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂(例如,他克莫司、吡美莫司等)和抗组胺药(例如,苯海拉明、羟嗪、氯雷他定、依巴斯汀、酮替芬、西替利嗪、左西替利嗪、非索非那定等),并且选自其中的至少一种治疗剂可包含于本发明药物组合物中。
本发明的化合物或其可药用盐可作为活性成分通过口服或肠胃外施用,其有效量的范围为在哺乳动物包括人(体重约70kg)的情况下0.1至2000mg/kg体重/天、优选1至1000mg/kg体重/天,并且每天以单次或4次分次剂量,或者遵循/不遵循预定时间施用。活性成分的剂量可根据多个相关因素(例如待治疗对象的情况、疾病类型和严重性、施用速率和医生意见)进行调整。在某些情况下,小于以上剂量的量可能是合适的。如果不引起有害的副作用则可使用大于以上剂量的量并且该量可以每天以分次剂量施用。
除此之外,本发明还提供了一种预防和/或治疗肿瘤、癌症、病毒感染、器官移植排斥、神经退行性疾病、注意力相关疾病或自身免疫性疾病的方法,其包括向有此需要的哺乳动物施用本发明的化合物或本发明的药物组合物。
可根据常规方法中的任何一种将本发明药物组合物配制成用于 口服施用或肠胃外施用(包括肌内、静脉内和皮下途径、瘤内注射)的剂型,例如片剂、颗粒、粉末、胶囊、糖浆、乳剂、微乳剂、溶液或混悬液。
用于口服施用的本发明药物组合物可通过将活性成分与例如以下的载体混合来制备:纤维素、硅酸钙、玉米淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、右旋糖、磷酸钙、硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、明胶、滑石、表面活性剂、助悬剂、乳化剂和稀释剂。在本发明的注射组合物中采用的载体的实例是水、盐溶液、葡萄糖溶液、葡萄糖样溶液(glucose-like solution)、醇、二醇、醚(例如,聚乙二醇400)、油、脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯、甘油酯、表面活性剂、助悬剂和乳化剂。
本发明描述示例性实施方案的过程中,本发明的其它特征将变得显而易见,给出所述实施方案用于说明本发明而不意欲成为其限制,以下实施例使用本发明所公开的方法制备、分离和表征。
可以用有机合成领域的技术人员已知的多种方式来制备本发明的化合物,可使用下述方法以及有机合成化学领域中已知的合成方法或通过本领域技术人员所了解的其变化形式来合成本发明化合物。优选方法包括但不限于下文所述的这些。在适用于所使用试剂盒材料和适用于所实现转变的溶剂或溶剂混合物中实施反应。有机合成领域的技术人员将理解,分子上存在的官能性与所提出的转变一致。这有时需要加以判断改变合成步骤的顺序或原料以获得期望的本发明化合物。
术语
如果无另外说明,用于本发明申请,包括说明书和权利要求书中的术语,定义如下。必须注意,在说明书和所附的权利要求书中,如果文中无另外清楚指示,单数形式“一个”包括复数意义。如果无另外说明,使用质谱、核磁、HPLC、蛋白化学、生物化学、重组DNA技术和药理的常规方法。在本申请中,如果无另外说明,使用“或”或“和”指“和/或”。
在说明书和权利要求书中,给定化学式或名称应涵盖所有立体和 光学异构体及其中存在上述异构体的外消旋物。除非另外指明,否则所有手性(对映异构体和非对映异构体)和外消旋形式均在本发明范围内。所述化合物中还可存在C=C双键、C=N双键、环系统等的许多几何异构体,且所有上述稳定异构体均涵盖于本发明内。本发明描述了本发明化合物的顺式-和反式-(或E-和Z-)几何异构体,且其可分离成异构体的混合物或分开的异构体形式。本发明化合物可以光学活性或外消旋形式加以分离。用于制备本发明化合物和其中制备的中间体的所有方法均视为本发明的部分。在制备对映异构体或非对映异构体产物时,其可通过常规方法(例如通过色谱或分段结晶)进行分离。取决于方法条件,以游离(中性)或盐形式获得本发明的终产物。这些终产物的游离形式和盐均在本发明的范围内。如果需要的话,则可将化合物的一种形式转化成另一种形式。可将游离碱或酸转化成盐;可将盐转化成游离化合物或另一种盐;可将本发明异构体化合物的混合物分离成单独的异构体。本发明化合物、其游离形式和盐可以多种互变异构体形式存在,其中氢原子转置到分子的其它部分上且由此分子的原子之间的化学键发生重排。应当理解的是,可存在的所有互变异构体形式均包括在本发明内。
除非另有定义,本发明的取代基的定义是各自独立而非互相关联的,例如对于取代基中R
a(或者R
a’)而言,其在不同的取代基的定义中是各自独立的。具体而言,对于R
a(或者R
a’)在一种取代基中选择一种定义时,并不意味着该R
a(或者R
a’)在其他取代基中都具有该相同的定义。更具体而言,例如(仅列举非穷举)对于NR
aR
a’中,当R
a(或者R
a’)的定义选自氢时,其并不意味着在-C(O)-NR
aR
a’中,R
a(或者R
a’)必然为氢。
除非另有定义,否则当取代基被标注为“任意取代的”时,所述取代基选自例如以下取代基,诸如烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环基、卤素、羟基、烷氧基、氧代、烷酰基、芳基氧基、烷酰基氧基、氨基、烷基氨基、芳基氨基、芳基烷基氨基、二取代的胺基团(其中2个氨基取代基选自烷基、芳基或芳基烷基)、烷酰基氨基、芳酰基氨基、芳烷酰基氨基、取代的烷酰基氨基、取代的芳基氨基、取代的芳烷酰基氨基、硫基、烷基硫基、芳基硫基、芳基烷基硫基、芳基硫羰基、芳基 烷基硫羰基、烷基磺酰基、芳基磺酰基、芳基烷基磺酰基、磺酰氨基例如-SO
2NH
2、取代的磺酰氨基、硝基、氰基、羧基、氨基甲酰基例如-CONH
2、取代的氨基甲酰基例如-CONH烷基、-CONH芳基、-CONH芳基烷基或在氮上具有两个选自烷基、芳基或芳基烷基的取代基的情况、烷氧基羰基、芳基、取代的芳基、胍基、杂环基,例如吲哚基、咪唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、噻唑基、吡咯烷基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、吗啉基、哌嗪基、高哌嗪基等和取代的杂环基。
本文使用的术语“烷基”或“亚烷基”意欲包括具有指定碳原子数的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团。例如,“C
1-C
6烷基”表示具有1个至6个碳原子的烷基。烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基(Me)、乙基(Et)、丙基(例如正丙基和异丙基)、丁基(例如正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基)和戊基(例如正戊基、异戊基、新戊基)。优选的烷基是C
1-C
6烷基。优选的亚烷基是C
0-C
6亚烷基或C
1-C
6亚烷基。
术语“烯基”表示含一个或多个双键且通常长度为2至20个碳原子的直链或支链的烃基。例如,“C2-C6烯基”含有两个至六个碳原子。烯基包括但不限于例如乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、1-甲基-2-丁烯-1-基等。优选的烯基是(C
3-C
6)烯基。
术语“炔基”表示含一个或多个三键且通常长度为2至20个碳原子的直链或支链的烃基。例如,“C
2-C
6炔基”含有两个至六个碳原子。代表性炔基包括但不限于例如乙炔基、1-丙炔基、1-丁炔基等。
术语“烷氧基”或“烷基氧基”是指-O-烷基。“C
1-C
6烷氧基”(或烷基氧基)意欲包括C
1、C
2、C
3、C
4、C
5、C
6烷氧基。烷氧基的实例包括但不限于甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基(例如正丙氧基和异丙氧基)和叔丁氧基。类似地,“烷基硫基”或“硫代烷氧基”表示具有指定数量碳原子的经硫桥连接的如上文所定义的烷基;例如甲基-S-和乙基-S-。优选的烷氧基是C
1-C
6烷氧基。
术语“羰基”是指由碳和氧两种原子通过双键连接而成的有机官能团(C=O)。
术语“芳基”,单独或作为较大部分诸如“芳烷基”、“芳烷氧基”或 “芳基氧基烷基”的部分,是指具有总计5至12个环成员的单环、二环或三环的环系统,其中所述系统中的至少一个环为芳族的且其中所述系统中的每个环含有3至7个环成员。在本发明的某些实施方案中,“芳基”是指芳族环系统,其包括但不限于苯基、联苯基、茚满基、1-萘基、2-萘基和四氢萘基。术语“芳烷基”或“芳基烷基”是指连接至芳基环的烷基残基。非限制性实例包括苄基、苯乙基等。稠合的芳基可在环烷基环或芳族环的合适位置上连接至另一基团。例从环系统中画出的虚线表明键可连接至任意合适的环原子。优选的芳基是C
6-C
10芳基。
术语“环烷基”是指单环或二环的环状烷基,优选具有3至8个环成员。单环的环状烷基指C
3-C
8的环状烷基,包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基和降莰烷基。支化环烷基诸如1-甲基环丙基和2-甲基环丙基包括在“环烷基”的定义中。二环的环状烷基包括桥环、螺环或融合环的环烷基。
术语“环烯基”是指单环或二环的环状烯基,优选具有3至8个环成员。单环的环状烯基指C
3-C
8的环状烯基,包括但不限于环丙烯基、环丁烯基、环戊烯基、环己烯基和降莰烯基。支化环烯基诸如1-甲基环丙烯基和2-甲基环丙烯基包括在“环烯基”的定义中。二环的环状烯基包括桥环、螺环或融合环的环状烯基。
“卤代”或“卤素”包括氟、氯、溴和碘。“卤代烷基”意欲包括具有指定碳原子数且取代有1个或多个卤素(优选1个、2个或3个卤素)的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团。卤代烷基的实例包括但不限于氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基、五氟乙基、五氯乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、七氟丙基和七氯丙基。卤代烷基的实例还包括意欲包括具有指定碳原子数(优选1至6个碳原子)且取代有1个或多个氟原子的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团的“氟烷基”。
“卤代烷氧基”或“卤代烷基氧基”表示具有指定数量碳原子(优选1至6个碳原子)的经氧桥连接的如上文所定义的卤代烷基。例如,“卤代C
1-C
6烷氧基”意欲包括C
1、C
2、C
3、C
4、C
5、C
6卤代烷氧基。卤代烷氧基的实例包括但不限于三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基和五氟乙氧基。类似地,“卤代烷基硫基”或“硫代卤代烷氧基”表示具有指 定数量碳原子(优选1至6个碳原子)的经硫桥连接的如上文所定义的卤代烷基;例如三氟甲基-S-和五氟乙基-S-。
本公开内容中,当提到一些取代基团时使用C
x1-C
x2的表述,这表示所述取代基团中的碳原子数可以是x1至x2个。例如,C
0-C
8表示所述基团含有0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子,C
1-C
8表示所述基团含有1、2、3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子,C
2-C
8表示所述基团含有2、3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子,C
3-C
8表示所述基团含有3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子,C
4-C
8表示所述基团含有4、5、6、7或8个碳原子,C
0-C
6表示所述基团含有0、1、2、3、4、5或6个碳原子,C
1-C
6表示所述基团含有1、2、3、4、5或6个碳原子,C
2-C
6表示所述基团含有2、3、4、5或6个碳原子,C
3-C
6表示所述基团含有3、4、5或6个碳原子。
本公开内容中,当提到环状基团(例如芳基、杂芳基、环烷基和杂环烷基)时使用“x1-x2元环”的表述,这表示该基团的环原子数可以是x1至x2个。例如,所述3-12元环状基团可以是3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12元环,其环原子数可以是3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12个;3-6元环表示该环状基团可以是3、4、5或6元环,其环原子数可以是3、4、5或6个;3-8元环表示该环状基团可以是3、4、5、6、7或8元环,其环原子数可以是3、4、5、6、7或8个;3-9元环表示该环状基团可以是3、4、5、6、7、8或9元环,其环原子数可以是3、4、5、6、7、8或9个;4-7元环表示该环状基团可以是4、5、6或7元环,其环原子数可以是4、5、6或7个;5-8元环表示该环状基团可以是5、6、7或8元环,其环原子数可以是5、6、7或8个;5-12元环表示该环状基团可以是5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12元环,其环原子数可以是5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12个;6-12元环表示该环状基团可以是6、7、8、9、10、11或12元环,其环原子数可以是6、7、8、9、10、11或12个。所述环原子可以是碳原子或杂原子,例如选自N、O和S的杂原子。当所述环是杂环时,所述杂环可以含有1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或更多个环杂原子,例如选自N、O和S的杂原子。
本公开内容中,一个或更多个卤素可以各自独立地选自氟、氯、 溴和碘。
术语“杂芳基”意指稳定的3元、4元、5元、6元、或7元芳香单环或芳香二环或7元、8元、9元、10元、11元、12元芳香多环杂环,其为完全不饱和的、部分不饱和的,且其含有碳原子和1个、2个、3个或4个独立地选自N、O和S的杂原子;且包括任何以下多环基团,其中上文所定义的任意杂环与苯环稠合。氮和硫杂原子可任选地被氧化。氮原子为取代的或未取代的(即N或NR,其中R为H或如果被定义,则为另一取代基)。杂环可在得到稳定结构的任何杂原子或碳原子处连接至其侧基。如果所得化合物是稳定的,则本文所述的杂环基可在碳或氮原子上被取代。杂环中的氮可任选地被季铵化。优选地,当杂环中S和O原子的总数超过1时,则这些杂原子彼此不相邻。优选地,杂环中S和O原子的总数不大于1。当使用术语“杂环”时,其意欲包括杂芳基。芳杂基的实施例包括但不限于吖啶基、氮杂环丁基、吖辛因基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并硫代呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噁唑啉基、苯并噻唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并四唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并咪唑啉基、咔唑基、4aH-咔唑基、咔啉基、色满基、色烯基、噌啉基、十氢喹啉基、2H,6H-1,5,2-二噻嗪基、二氢呋喃并[2,3-b]四氢呋喃基、呋喃基、呋咱基、咪唑烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑基、1H-吲唑基、咪唑并吡啶基、假吲哚基(indolenyl)、二氢吲哚基、吲嗪基、吲哚基、3H-吲哚基、靛红酰基(isatinoyl)、异苯并呋喃基、异色满基、异吲唑基、异二氢吲哚基、异吲哚基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、异噻唑并吡啶基、异噁唑基、异噁唑并吡啶基、亚甲基二氧基苯基、吗啉基、二氮杂萘基、八氢异喹啉基、噁二唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基、1,3,4-噁二唑基、噁唑烷基、噁唑基、噁唑并吡啶基、噁唑烷基、萘嵌间二氮杂苯基、羟吲哚基、嘧啶基、菲啶基、菲咯啉基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁噻基、吩噁嗪基、酞嗪基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、哌啶酮基、4-哌啶酮基、胡椒基、喋啶基、嘌呤基、吡喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑烷基、吡唑啉基、吡唑并吡啶基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、吡啶并噁唑基、吡啶并咪唑基、吡啶并噻唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯烷基、吡咯啉基、2-吡咯烷酮基、2H-吡咯基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、4H-喹嗪基、喹喔啉基、奎宁环基、四唑基、四氢呋喃基、四氢异喹啉基、四氢喹 啉基、6H-1,2,5-噻二嗪基、1,2,3-噻二唑基、1,2,4-噻二唑基、1,2,5-噻二唑基、1,3,4-噻二唑基、噻蒽基、噻唑基、噻吩基、噻唑并吡啶基、噻吩并噻唑基、噻吩并噁唑基、噻吩并咪唑基、噻吩基、三嗪基、1,2,3-三唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、1,2,5-三唑基、1,3,4-三唑基和呫吨基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、二氢吲哚基、1H-吲唑基、苯并咪唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、5,6,7,8-四氢-喹啉基、2,3-二氢-苯并呋喃基、色满基、1,2,3,4-四氢-喹喔啉基和1,2,3,4-四氢-喹唑啉基。术语“杂芳基”还可以包括由上述所定义的“芳基”与单环“杂芳基”所形成的联芳基结构,例如但不限于“-苯基联吡啶基-”、“-苯基联嘧啶基”、“-吡啶基联苯基”、“-吡啶基联嘧啶基-”、“-嘧啶基联苯基-”;其中本发明还包括含有例如上述杂环的稠环和螺环化合物。
本文使用的术语“杂环烷基”指的是一个单环杂环烷基体系,或为一个二环杂环烷基体系,同时还包括螺杂环或桥杂环烷基。单环的杂环烷基指的是3-8元或4-8元、且至少含一个选自O、N、S、P的饱和或不饱和但不为芳香性的环状烷基体系。二环杂环烷基体系指的是一个杂环烷基稠合到一个苯基、或一个环烷基、或一个环烯基、或一个杂环烷基、或一个杂芳基上。
本文使用的术语“桥环烷基”指的是共用两个或两个以上碳原子的多环化合物。可分为二环桥环烃及多环桥环烃。前者由两个脂环共用两个以上碳原子所构成;后者是由三个以上的环组成的桥环烃。
本文使用的术语“螺环烷基”指的是单环之间共用一个碳原子(称螺原子)的多环烃。
本文使用的术语“桥环杂基”指的是共用两个或两个以上碳原子的多环化合物,该环中至少含一个选自O、N、S原子。可分为二环桥环杂环及多环桥杂环。
本文使用的术语“杂螺环基”指的是单环之间共用一个碳原子(称螺原子)的多环烃,该环中至少含一个选自O、N、S原子。
本文中所用的术语“取代”意指至少一个氢原子被非氢基团替代,条件是维持正常化合价且所述取代得到稳定的化合物。本文所用的环 双键为在两个相邻环原子之间形成的双键(例如C=C、C=N或N=N)。
在本发明化合物上存在氮原子(例如胺)的情形下,可通过使用氧化剂(例如mCPBA和/或过氧化氢)进行处理来将这些氮原子转化成N-氧化物以获得本发明的其它化合物。因此,所显示和要求保护的氮原子视为均涵盖所显示氮及其N-氧化物以获得本发明衍生物。
当任何变量在化合物的任何组成或式中出现一次以上时,其每次出现时的定义均独立于其在其它每种情况下出现时的定义。因此,例如如果显示基团取代有0-3个R,则所述基团可任选地取代有至多三个R基团,且在每次出现时R独立地选自R的定义。此外,取代基和/或变量的组合仅在上述组合可产生稳定的化合物时才容许存在。
本文使用的术语“患者”是指通过本发明的方法进行治疗的有机体。这类有机体优选包括但不限于哺乳动物(例如鼠类、猿/猴、马、牛、猪、犬、猫等)且最优选是指人类。
本文使用的术语“有效量”意指将会引起例如研究人员或临床医师所寻求的组织、系统、动物或人的生物学或医学响应的药物或药剂(即本发明化合物)的量。此外,术语“治疗有效量”意指这样的量:与未接受上述量的相应受试者相比,所述量导致改善的治疗、治愈、预防或减轻疾病、病症或副作用,或降低在疾病或病症的进展速度。有效量可以一个或多个给药、施用或剂量给予且不意欲被特定的制剂或给药途径限制。该术语还包括在其范围内的增强正常生理机能的有效量。
本文使用的术语“治疗”包括导致改善病症、疾病、障碍等的任何效果,例如减轻、减少、调节、改善或消除,或改善其症状。
术语“药用”在本文中用于指如下那些化合物、物质、组合物和/或剂型:在合理医学判断的范围内,其适于与人类和动物的组织接触使用而无过高毒性、刺激性、过敏反应和/或其它问题或并发症,并与合理的益处/风险比相称。
本文使用的短语“药用载体”意指药用物质、组合物或媒介物,诸 如液体或固体填充剂、稀释剂、赋形剂、制造助剂(例如润滑剂、滑石、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌或硬脂酸)或溶剂包囊物质,其涉及将主题化合物从一个器官或身体的部分携带或运送至另一个器官或身体的部分。每种载体在与制剂的其它成分相容和对患者无害的意义上必须是“可接受的”。
术语“药物组合物”意指包含本发明化合物与至少一种其它药用载体的组合物。“药用载体”是指本领域中通常接受用于将生物活性剂递送至动物(具体为哺乳动物)的介质,包括(即)佐剂、赋形剂或媒介物,诸如稀释剂、防腐剂、填充剂、流动调控剂、崩解剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、悬浮剂、增甜剂、矫味剂、芳香剂、抗细菌剂、抗真菌剂、润滑剂和分散剂,这取决于给药模式和剂型的性质。
特定药学及医学术语
术语“可接受的”,如本文所用,指一个处方组分或活性成分对一般治疗目标的健康没有过分的有害影响。
术语“癌症”,如本文所用,指一种不能控制的细胞的异常生长,并且在某种条件下能够转移(传播)。这种类型的癌症包括但不限于,实体肿瘤(如膀胱、肠、脑、胸、子宫、心脏、肾、肺、淋巴组织(淋巴瘤)、卵巢、胰腺或其它内分泌器官(如甲状腺)、前列腺、皮肤(黑色素瘤)或血液瘤(如非白血性白血病)。
术语“联合给药”或其类似术语,如本文所用,指将几种所选的治疗药物给一个病人用药,以相同或不同的给药方式在相同或不同的时间给药。
术语“增强”或“能增强”,如本文所用,指预期的结果能够在效价或是持续时间方面都有增加或延长。因此,在增强药物的治疗效果方面,术语“能增强”指药物在系统中有提高或延长效价或持续时间的能力。本文所用的“增效值”,指在理想的系统中,能够最大限度地的增强另外一个治疗药物的能力。
术语“免疫性疾病”指对内源性或外源性抗原产生的不良或有害反应的疾病或症状。结果通常会造成细胞的功能障碍、或因此而破坏 并造成机能障碍、或破坏可能产生免疫症状的器官或组织。
术语“试剂盒”与“产品包装”是同义词。
术语“受试者”或“病人”包括哺乳动物和非哺乳动物。哺乳动物包括但不限于,哺乳类:人、非人灵长类如猩猩、猿及猴类;农业动物如牛、马、山羊、绵羊、猪;家畜如兔、狗;实验动物包括啮齿类,如大鼠、小鼠及豚鼠等。非哺乳类动物包括但不限于,鸟、鱼等。在一优选例中,所选哺乳动物是人。
术语“治疗”、“治疗过程”或“疗法”如本文所用,包括缓和、抑制或改善疾病的症状或状况;抑制并发症的产生;改善或预防潜在代谢综合症;抑制疾病或症状的产生,如控制疾病或情况的发展;减轻疾病或症状;使疾病或症状减退;减轻由疾病或症状引起的并发症,或预防和/或治疗由疾病或症状引起的征兆。
如本文所用,某一化合物或药物组合物,给药后,可以使某一疾病、症状或情况得到改善,尤指其严重度得到改善,延迟发病,减缓病情进展,或减少病情持续时间。无论固定给药或临时给药、持续给药或断续给药,可以归因于或与给药有关的情况。
给药途径
适合的给药途径包括但不限于,口服、静脉注射、直肠、气雾剂、非肠道给药、眼部给药、肺部给药、经皮给药、阴道给药、耳道给药、鼻腔给药及局部给药。此外,仅作举例说明,肠道外给药,包括肌肉注射、皮下注射、静脉注射、髓内注射、心室注射、腹膜内注射、淋巴管内注射、及鼻内注射。
在一方面,此处描述的化合物给药方式是局部的而不是全身性的给药方式。在特定的具体实施例中,长效制剂通过植入给药(例如皮下或肌肉)或通过肌肉注射。此外,在另一具体化实施例中,药物通过靶向药物给药系统来给药。例如,由器官特异性抗体包裹的脂质体。在这种具体实施例中,所述脂质体被选择性的导向特定器官并吸收。
药物组合物和剂量
本发明还提供药用组合物,其包含治疗有效量的与一种或多种药用载体(添加剂)和/或稀释剂一起配制的一种或多种本发明的化合物,和任选的一种或多种上述其它治疗剂。可通过任意合适方式给予本发明化合物以用于任意上述用途,例如口服,诸如片剂、丸剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、酏剂、酊剂、悬浮液(包括纳米悬浮液、微悬浮液、喷雾干燥的分散液)、糖浆和乳液;经舌下;含服;经肠胃外,诸如通过皮下、静脉内、肌内或胸骨内注射或输注技术(例如以无菌可注射水性或非水性溶液或悬浮液形式);经鼻,包括向鼻膜给药,诸如通过吸入喷雾;局部,诸如以乳膏剂或软膏剂形式;或经直肠,诸如以栓剂形式;或经瘤内注射。它们可单独给药,但通常使用基于所选给药途径和标准药学实践选择的药物载体给药。
根据本领域技术人员认识范围内的诸多因素来调配药用载体。这些因素包括,但不限于:所调配活性剂的类型和性质;含有活性剂的组合物所要给药的受试者;组合物的预期给药途径;及所靶向的治疗适应症。药用载体包括水性和非水性液体介质及各种固体和半固体剂型。
上述载体可包括除活性剂外的诸多不同成分和添加剂,上述其它成分出于本领域技术人员公知的各种原因包括于制剂中,例如稳定活性剂、粘合剂等。关于合适的药用载体和载体选择中所涉及的因素的描述可参见多个容易获得的来源,例如Allen L.V.Jr.et al.Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy(2 Volumes),22nd Edition(2012),Pharmaceutical Press。
当然,本发明化合物的剂量方案取决于已知因素而有所变化,诸如具体药剂的药效学特性及其给药模式和途径;接受者的物种、年龄、性别、健康状况、医学病状和重量;症状的性质和程度;同时治疗的种类;治疗频率;给药途径、患者的肾和肝功能及期望效应。根据一般指导,当用于指定效应时,各活性成分的日口服剂量应为约0.001mg/天至约10-5000mg/天,优选地为约0.01mg/天至约1000mg/天,且最优选地为约0.1mg/天至约250mg/天。在恒速输注期间,静脉内最优选剂量应为约0.01mg/kg/分钟至约10mg/kg/分钟。本发明化合物可以单一日剂量给药,或可以每日两次、三次或四次的分开剂量 给药总日剂量。
所述化合物通常以与根据预期给药形式(例如口服片剂、胶囊剂、酏剂和糖浆剂)适当地选择且与常规药学实践相符合的合适药物稀释剂、赋形剂或载体(在本文中统称为药物载体)的混合物形式进行给药。
适于给药的剂型(药物组合物)可含有约1毫克至约2000毫克活性成分/剂量单位。在这些医药组合物中,以组合物的总重量计,活性成分通常将以约0.1-95重量%的量存在。
用于口服给药的典型胶囊剂含有至少一种本发明化合物(250mg)、乳糖(75mg)和硬脂酸镁(15mg)。使该混合物穿过60目网筛,并包装成1号明胶胶囊。
典型的可注射制剂可如下制备:以无菌方式将至少一种本发明化合物(250mg)置于瓶中、以无菌方式冻干并密封。为进行使用,将瓶内容物与2mL生理盐水混合,以产生可注射制剂。
本发明范围包括(单独或与药物载体组合)包含治疗有效量的至少一种本发明化合物作为活性成分的药物组合物。任选地,本发明化合物可单独使用、与本发明其它化合物组合使用或与一种或多种其它治疗剂(例如抗癌剂或其它药学活性物质)组合使用。
不考虑所选择的给药路径,通过本领域技术人员已知的常规方法来将本发的化合物(其可以合适的水合形式使用)和/或本发明的药物组合物配制成药用剂量形式。
可改变活性成分在本发明的药物组合物中的实际剂量水平,从而获得对于实现特定患者的期望的治疗响应、组成和给药模式有效的而对患者无毒的活性成分量。
选定的剂量水平会取决于多种因素,包括所用的本发明的特定化合物或其酯、盐或酰胺的活性;给药路径;给药时间;所用的特定化合物的排泄速率;吸收速率和程度;治疗的持续时间;与所用的特定化合物组合使用的其它药物、化合物和/或物质;所治疗的患者的年龄、性别、重量、状况、一般健康和先前的医学史等医学领域公知的因素。
具有本领域普通技术的医生或兽医可容易地确定并开出有效量的所需药物组合物。例如,为了达到所期望的治疗效果,医师或兽医可在低于所需的水平开始药物组合物中所用的本发明化合物的较量,并逐步增加剂量直至实现所期望的效果。通常,合适日剂量的本发明化合物将是有效产生治疗效果的最低剂量的化合物的量。此种有效剂量通常取决于上述因素。通常,口服、静脉内、脑室内和皮下剂量的用于患者的本发明化合物的范围为约0.01至约50mg/kg体重/天。如果需要的话,有效日剂量的活性化合物可以两个、三个、四个、五个、六个或更多个亚剂量在一天当中的适当的间隔分别给药,任选地呈单位剂型形式。在本发明的某些方面中,服药为每天一次给药。
虽然本发明化合物可单独给药,但优选以药物制剂(组合物)形式给予化合物。
试剂盒/产品包装
为了用于上述适应症的治疗,试剂盒/产品包装也在此进行描述。这些试剂盒可以由输送器、药包或容器盒组成,容器盒可被划分成多格,以容纳一种或多种容器,如管形瓶、试管及类似物等,每个容器中包含所述方法中的单独一种成分。合适的容器包括瓶子,管形瓶,注射器和试管等。容器由可接受的玻璃或塑料等材料制作而成。
举例来讲,容器可装有一种或多种在此所述的化合物,化合物可能以药物组分形式存在,也可能与在本文中所述的其它成分组成混合物体存在。容器可有一个无菌输出口(例如容器可为静脉输液包或瓶,瓶塞可被皮下注射器针头刺破)。这样的试剂盒可带有一种化合物,及本文中所述的使用方法的说明、标签或操作说明。
一个典型的试剂盒可包括一种或多种容器,为适应商业推广和使用者对化合物使用的需求,每个容器装有一种或多种材料(如试剂,也可以是浓缩的母液,和/或器械)。这些材料包括但不局限于缓冲液,稀释液,滤器,针头,注射器,输送器,包,容器,瓶和/或试管,附有内容清单和/或使用说明书,内置包装也附有说明书。整套的说明都要包括在内。
标签可显示在容器上或与容器紧密相关。标签出现在容器上即指 标签字母、数字或其它特征被粘贴、铸模、刻在容器上;标签也可出现在装有多种容器的容器盒或运输盒内,如在产品插页中。一个标签可用来提示内容物的某种特定治疗用途。标签也可标示内容物使用说明,诸如在上述方法中描述的。
在本说明书中被描述的所有特征(包括任何所述的权利要求、摘要和图),和/或任何方法或过程中涉及的所有步骤,均有可能以任意一种组合存在,除非某些特征或步骤在同一组合中是相互排斥的。
本发明提到的上述特征,或实施例提到的特征可以任意组合。本案说明书所揭示的所有特征可与任何组合物形式并用,说明书中所揭示的各个特征,可以任何可提供相同、均等或相似目的的替代性特征取代。因此除有特别说明,所揭示的特征仅为均等或相似特征的一般性例子。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则所有的百分数、比率、比例、或份数按重量计。
本发明中的重量体积百分比中的单位是本领域技术人员所熟知的,例如是指在100毫升的溶液中溶质的重量。除非另行定义,文中所使用的所有专业与科学用语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。此外,任何与所记载内容相似或均等的方法及材料皆可应用于本发明方法中。文中所述的较佳实施方法与材料仅作示范之用。
实施例
通用过程
未包括制备途径时,本发明所用原料与试剂均为已知产品,可以按照本领域已知的方法合成,或者可通过购买市售产品获得。使用的市售试剂均不需进一步纯化。
室温是指20-30℃。
如反应实施例中无特殊说明,则反应均在氮气氛下进行。氮气氛 是指反应瓶连接一个约1L的氮气气球。
氢化反应通常抽真空,充入氢气,反复操作3次。氢气氛是指反应瓶连接一个约1L的氢气气球。
本发明化合物的结构是通过核磁共振(NMR)和质谱(MS)来确定的。NMR位移(δ)以10
-6(ppm)的单位给出。NMR的测定是用(Bruker Ascend
TM 500型)核磁仪,测定溶剂为氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d6),氘代氯仿(CDCl
3),氘代甲醇(CD
3OD),内标为四甲基硅烷(TMS)。以下简写用于NMR信号的多重性:s=单峰,brs=宽峰,d=二重峰,t=三重峰,m=多重峰。耦合常数以J值列出,以Hz测量。
LC-MS的测定使用Thermo液质联用仪(UltiMate 3000+MSQ PLUS)。HPLC的测定使用Thermo高压液相色谱仪(UltiMate 3000)。反相制备色谱使用Thermo(UltiMate 3000)反相制备色谱仪。快速柱层析使用艾杰尔(FS-9200T)自动过柱机,硅胶预装柱使用三泰
预装柱。薄层层析硅胶板用烟台黄海HSGF254或青岛GF254硅胶板,薄层层析分离纯化产品采用的规格是0.4mm~0.5mm。
本发明中一些中间体的合成方法如下:
中间体1
中间体1由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将1-甲基-3,5-二硝基吡啶-2-酮Int-1a(1.0g,5.02mmol)溶于甲醇(50mL)中,依次加入氨甲醇溶液(7mol/L,8.61mL,60.27mmol)和1-甲基哌啶-4-酮Int-1b(625mg,5.52mmol)。反应混合物加热至50℃搅拌5小时。冷却至室温后静置48小时,减压浓缩反应液,残余物加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)后过滤。滤液减压浓缩后得到红色固体Int-1c(1.0g),直接用于下一步反应。ESI-MS(m/z):194.4[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d
6)δ9.14(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.36(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),3.64(s,2H),3.02(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.74(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.39(s,3H)。
第二步:将上一步得到的化合物Int-1c(1.0g)溶于甲醇(30mL)中,加入10%Pd-C(400mg),在氢气氛围下室温反应6小时。过滤除去钯碳,滤液浓缩得到黄色固体Int-1d(800mg,收率94.70%)。ESI-MS(m/z):164.2[M+H]
+。
第三步:将化合物Int-1d(100mg,0.61mmol)溶于醋酸(3mL)中,加入N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(109mg,0.61mmol),反应混合物在室温下搅拌1小时。加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液淬灭反应直至不产生气泡,水相用甲醇/二氯甲烷(1/20,50mL×2)萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸 钠干燥,过滤浓缩得到化合物Int-1e(38mg,收率25%)。ESI-MS(m/z):242.3[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d
6)δ6.77(s,1H),5.25(s,2H),3.37(s,2H),2.69(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.60(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.32(s,3H)。
第四步:将化合物Int-1e(37mg,0.15mmol)溶于甲醇(1mL)中,加入碘化亚铜(3mg,0.015mmol),1,10-菲啰啉(3mg,0.03mmol)和碳酸铯(99mg,0.30mmol)。反应混合物置换氮气后用微波加热至100℃搅拌2小时。反应冷却至室温,浓缩反应液,残余物用制备型薄层层析纯化(甲醇/二氯甲烷/三乙胺=1/10/0.1)得到黄色固体Int-1(20mg,收率67%)。ESI-MS(m/z):194.5[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d
6)δ6.54(s,1H),4.68(s,2H),3.80(s,3H),3.30(s,2H),2.64(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.59(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),2.31(s,3H)。
中间体2
中间体2由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将化合物Int-1e(230mg,0.94mmol)溶于乙醇(2mL)中,加入碘化亚铜(18mg,0.095mmol),1,10-菲啰啉(34mg,0.18mmol)和碳酸铯(619mg,1.90mmol)。反应混合物置换氮气后用微波加热至100℃搅拌5小时。反应冷却至室温,过滤,滤液浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(甲醇/二氯甲烷/三乙胺=1/50/0.1)得到黄色固体Int-2(113mg,收率57%)。ESI-MS(m/z):208.5[M+H]
+。
中间体3
中间体3由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将化合物Int-1e(100mg,0.41mmol)和三甲基环三硼氧烷(148mg,1.19mmol)溶于二氧六环(1.5mL)和水(0.15mL)中,加入碳酸钾(171mg,1.24mmol),Pd(dppf)Cl
2(30mg,0.041mmol)。反应体系置换氮气后用微波加热至140℃搅拌1小时。反应冷却至室温,反应混合物用硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩。残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(甲醇/二氯甲烷=1/20)得到黄色固体Int-3(50mg,收率68%)。ESI-MS(m/z):178.6[M+H]
+。
中间体4
中间体4由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将化合物Int-1e(350mg,1.45mmol)和乙烯基三氟硼酸钾(387mg,2.89mmol)溶于1,4-二氧六环(1.5mL)和水(0.15mL)中,加入碳酸钾(399mg,2.89mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl
2(105mg,0.14mmol)。反应体系置换氮气后用微波反应器加热至120℃搅拌1小时。反应冷却至室温后,用硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩,残留物用柱层析分离(甲醇/二氯甲烷=1/20)得到黄色固体Int-4a(136mg,收率49%)。ESI-MS(m/z):190.7[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl
3)δ6.85(dd,J=17.2,11.0Hz,1H),6.66(s,1H),6.16(dd,J=17.3,1.9Hz,1H),5.49(dd,J=11.0,1.9Hz,1H),3.67-3.63(m,2H),3.55(s,2H),3.00(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.80(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.49(s,3H)。
第二步:将化合物Int-4a(60mg,0.31mmol)溶于甲醇(5mL)中,加入10%钯碳(20mg),混合物在氢气氛围下室温搅拌1小时。反应液用硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩得到中间体4(37mg,收率61%)。ESI-MS(m/z):192.7[M+H]
+。
中间体5
中间体5由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将化合物Int-1e(100mg,0.41mmol)溶于甲苯(3mL)和水(0.3mL)的混合溶剂中,加入环丙基硼酸(42mg,0.49mmol),磷酸钾(306mg,1.45mmol),三环己基膦(23mg,0.082mmol)和醋酸钯(9mg,0.041mmol)。反应体系置换氮气后加热至100℃搅拌18小时。反应冷却至室温后,反应液用硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩,残留物用柱层析分离(甲醇/二氯甲烷=1/20)得到黄色固体Int-5(61mg,收率72%)。ESI-MS(m/z):204.2[M+H]
+。
中间体6
中间体6由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将N-叔丁氧羰基-4-哌啶酮Int-6a(4.4g,22.1mmol)和1-甲基-3,5-二硝基-2-吡啶酮Int-1a(4.0g,20.1mmol)溶于甲醇(150mL)中,加入氨甲醇溶液(7N,34.4mL,240.8mmol)。氮气保护下60℃搅拌6小时。反应液降至室温,继续搅拌2天。LCMS监测反应结束,反应液浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯(150mL),搅拌半小时后过滤,滤液浓缩得到黄色固体Int-6b(5.1g,产率91%)。ESI-MS(m/z):280.1[M+H]
+。
第二步:将化合物Int-6b(5.0g,17.9mmol),溶于甲醇(50mL)中,加入10%钯/碳(500mg)。混合物在氢气氛围下(氢气球)室温搅拌16小时。反应结束后,反应液过滤,滤液浓缩得到淡黄色固体Int-6c(3.7g,产率84%)。ESI-MS(m/z):250.2[M+H]
+。
第三步:将化合物Int-6c(3.7g,14.8mmol)溶于DMF(20mL)中,加入N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(2.78g,15.6mmol)和醋酸(370mg)。反应混合物室温搅拌2小时,LCMS监测反应结束。加水(100mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取水相(150mL*3),有机相合并,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩,残余物后通过硅胶柱层析分离得到黄色固体Int-6d(3.6g,产率74%)。ESI-MS(m/z):328.2[M+H]
+。
第四步:将化合物Int-6d(500mg,1.53mmol)溶于甲醇(5mL)中,加入甲醇钠甲醇溶液(5N,0.33mL,1.65mmol)。反应混合物用微波加热至100℃搅拌3小时。反应冷至室温,反应液浓缩,残余物通过硅胶柱层析分离得到黄色固体Int-6(330mg,产率77%)。ESI-MS(m/z):280.2[M+H]
+。
实施例1
3-((5-氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-二氮杂萘-3-基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)-N,2,2-三甲基丙酰胺
化合物1由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将Boc-3-氨基-2,2-二甲基-丙酸1a(50mg,0.23mmol)和甲胺盐酸盐(77mg,1.15mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中,依次加入HATU(105mg,0.27mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(297mg,2.30mmol),反应混合物在室温下搅拌14小时。TLC检测原料1a转化完全。反应混合物加水(5mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取(15mL*3)。有机相合并,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩,得到化合物1b的粗品,直接用于下一步反应。
第二步:将上一步得到的化合物1b的粗品溶于盐酸二氧六环溶液(4mol/L,5mL)中,反应液在室温下搅拌2小时,TLC显示化合物1b反应完全。反应液减压浓缩,得到化合物1c的粗品,直接用于下一步反应。
第三步:将上一步得到的化合物1c的粗品溶于异丙醇(5mL)中,加入2,4,5-三氯嘧啶1d(40mg,0.21mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(84mg,0.65mmol)。反应液升温至90℃搅拌过夜,LCMS检测化合物1d反应完全。反应液减压浓缩,残余物通过硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)得到化合物1e(52mg,三步反应收率82%)。ESI-MS(m/z):278.4[M+H]
+。
第四步:将化合物1e(52mg,0.18mmol)和中间体Int-1(36mg,0.18mmol)溶于1,4-二氧六环(5mL)中,依次加入BrettPhos G3 Pd(17mg,0.018mmol)、BrettPhos(10mg,0.018mmol)、碳酸铯(122mg,0.37mmol)。反应混合物氮气置换后,在100℃下搅拌过夜。LCMS检测化合物1e反应完全。反应液通过硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩,残余物通过制备薄层层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1/1)得到化合物1的粗品,再通过反向制备HPLC纯化得到化合物1(6mg,收率7%)。ESI-MS(m/z):434.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.18(s,1H),7.97(s,1H),7.69(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),7.65(s,1H),6.93(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),3.89(s,3H),3.53-3.48(m,4H),2.80-2.69(m,4H),2.59(s,3H),2.40(s,3H),1.11(s,6H)。
实施例2
3-((5-氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-二氮杂萘-3-基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)-N,2-二甲基丙酰胺
用Boc-DL-3-氨基异丁酸替代实施例1第一步中的Boc-3-氨基-2,2-二甲基-丙酸1a,用类似的方法和反应步骤,可以得到化合物2。ESI-MS(m/z):420.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.16(s,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.78(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),7.60(s,1H),7.20(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),3.89(s,3H),3.55-3.48(m,1H),3.41(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.37(s,1H),2.74(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.71-2.64(m,3H),2.57(d,J=4.5Hz,3H),2.34(s,3H),1.02(d,J=7.0Hz,3H)。
实施例3
3-((5-氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-二氮杂萘-3-基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)-N,N,2,2-四甲基丙酰胺
用二甲胺盐酸盐替代实施例1第一步中的甲胺盐酸盐,用类似的方法和反应步骤,可以得到化合物3。ESI-MS(m/z):448.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl
3)δ8.36(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.27(s,1H),6.49(s,1H),3.98(s,3H),3.70(d,J=6.2Hz,2H),3.58(s,2H),3.05(s,6H),2.89(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.80(t,J=5.4Hz,2H),2.50(s,3H),1.35(s,6H)。
实施例4
3-((2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-二氮杂萘-3-基)氨基)-5-甲基嘧啶-4-基)氨基)-N,2,2-三甲基丙酰胺
化合物4由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将2,4-二氯-5-甲基-嘧啶(652mg,4mmol)和3-氨基-2,2-二甲基丙酸甲酯盐酸盐(670mg,4mmol)溶于异丙醇(15mL)之中,向上述反应液之中加入DIEA(1.55g,12.00mmol)。反应液在85℃下搅拌过夜。LCMS检测原料转化完全。将反应液浓缩后得到粗品,并通过柱色谱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1/1)得到无色油状目标化合物4c(835mg,收率81%)。ESI-MS(m/z):258.3[M+H]
+。
第二步:将化合物4c(540mg,2.10mmol)溶解在四氢呋喃(10mL)和水(5mL)的混合溶液之中,向上述反应体系之中加入氢氧化锂(100mg,4.19mmol),反应液在室温下搅拌过夜。LCMS检测原料转化完全。将反应液浓缩除去四氢呋喃,然后用1N盐酸水溶液调节溶液pH值到3,生成的白色固体过滤干燥得到化合物4d(340mg,收率66%)。ESI-MS(m/z):244.3[M+H]
+。
第三步:将化合物4d(121mg,0.5mmol),甲胺盐酸盐(33mg, 0.5mmol),二异丙基乙胺(129mg,1mmol)和HATU(285mg,0.75mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(8mL)之中,反应液在室温下搅拌过夜。LCMS检测原料转化完全。将反应液浓缩后得到粗品,并经过柱色谱层析(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=1/1)纯化得到化合物4e(50mg,收率38%)。ESI-MS(m/z):257.3[M+H]
+。
第四步:将化合物4e(50mg,0.19mmol),Int-1(37mg,0.19mmol),BrettPhos G3Pd(17mg,0.019mmol),Brettphos(20mg,0.038mmol),碳酸铯(126mg,0.39mmol)溶解在二氧六环(10mL)之中,反应液在氮气氛围下110℃搅拌过夜。LCMS检测原料转化完全。将反应液过滤后旋干,粗品经过反向制备HPLC纯化得到化合物4(8mg,收率10%)。ESI-MS(m/z):414.4[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d
6)δ8.36(s,1H),7.68(s,1H),7.60(q,J=4.6Hz,1H),7.20(s,1H),6.42(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.90(s,3H),3.54(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),3.43(s,2H),2.73(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.64(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.58(d,J=4.4Hz,3H),2.34(s,3H),1.92(s,3H),1.11(s,6H)。
实施例5
5-氯-N2-(2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-二氮杂萘-3-基)-N4-((1-(甲磺酰)环丁基)甲基)嘧啶-2,4-二胺
化合物5由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将2,4,5-三氯嘧啶(46mg,0.25mmol)溶于异丙醇(2mL)中,然后向其中加入1-(甲磺酰)环丁基)甲胺盐酸盐5a(51mg,0.25mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(97mg,0.75mmol),反应体系在25℃下搅拌16h。待反应结束后,浓缩反应液。残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)得到白色固体5b(48mg,收率58%)。ESI-MS(m/z):310.1[M+H]
+。
第二步:将化合物5b(48mg,0.16mmol)和Int-1(30mg,0.16mmol)溶于1,4-二氧六环(5mL)中,加入BrettPhos Pd G3(14mg,0.016mol),BrettPhos(17mg,0.032mol)和碳酸铯(101mg,0.32mol)。反应体系置换氮气后加热至110℃搅拌18小时。待反应液冷却至室温,反应液用硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩。残余物用反向制备HPLC纯化得到化合物5(6mg,收率8%)。ESI-MS(m/z):467.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.02(s,1H),7.99(s,1H),7.84(s,1H),7.13-7.07(m,1H),3.98(d,J=6.0Hz,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.43(s,2H),2.93(s,3H),2.77-2.72(m,2H),2.67-2.61(m,2H),2.48-2.42(m,2H),2.34(s,3H),2.18-2.10(m,2H),1.90-1.80(m,2H)。
实施例6
1-(((5-氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-二氮杂萘-3-基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)甲基)-N-甲基环丁烷-1-甲酰胺
用1-(氨甲基)环丁烷羧酸甲酯和2,4,5-三氯嘧啶分别替代实施例4第一步中的2,2-二甲基-3-氨基丙酸甲酯4a和2,4-二氯-5-甲基嘧啶4b,用类似的方法和反应步骤,可以得到化合物6。ESI-MS(m/z):446.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.30(s,1H),7.98(s,1H),7.77(s,1H),7.74(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),7.08(t,J=5.3Hz,1H),3.93(s,3H),3.70(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),2.89(s,3H),2.55(d,J=4.5Hz,3H),2.22(dd,J=20.1,9.2Hz,2H),2.02-1.96(m,2H),1.90-1.80(m,1H),1.75-1.67(m,1H)。
实施例7
3-((2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-二氮杂萘-3-基)氨基)-5-甲基嘧啶-4-基)氨基)-2,2-二甲基丙酸
实施例8
3-((2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-二氮杂萘-3-基)氨基)-5-甲基嘧啶-4-基)氨基)-2,2-二甲基丙酰胺
化合物7和8由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将化合物4c(410mg,1.59mmol),Int-1(338mg,1.75mmol),碳酸铯(1.04g,3.18mmol),Brettphos Pd G3(144mg,0.159mmol),Brettphos(170mg,0.318mmol)溶解在二氧六环(20mL)之中,反应液在氮气氛围下110摄氏度搅拌16个小时。LCMS检测原料转化完全。将反应液过滤,滤液浓缩后得到粗品并经过硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)纯化得到化合物7a(190mg,收率28%)。ESI-MS(m/z):415.3[M+H]
+。
第二步:将化合物7a(15mg,0.036mmol)溶解在四氢呋喃(3mL)与水(3mL)的混合溶剂之中,然后向上述反应液之中加入氢氧化锂(3mg,0.072mmol),反应液在室温下搅拌3小时。LCMS检测原料转化完全。反应液浓缩除去四氢呋喃,然后用1N盐酸水溶液调节 溶液pH值到3,将水溶液浓缩得到化合物7(15mg)。ESI-MS(m/z):401.3[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.38(s,1H),7.69(s,1H),7.20(s,1H),6.40(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),3.90(s,3H),3.61(d,J=6.0Hz,3H),2.74-2.67(m,6H),2.37(s,3H),1.93(s,3H),1.12(s,6H)。
第三步:将化合物7(75mg,187umol),氯化铵(142mg,0.37mmol),HATU(142mg,0.37mmol),DIPEA(72mg,0.56mmol)溶解在DMF(8mL)之中,反应液在室温下搅拌过夜。LCMS检测原料转化完全。将反应液浓缩得到粗品并经过反相制备HPLC纯化得到化合物8(10mg,收率14%)。ESI-MS(m/z):400.3[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.37(s,1H),7.69(s,1H),7.20(s,1H),6.97(s,1H),6.30(t,J=6.1Hz,1H),3.90(s,3H),3.53(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),3.44(s,2H),2.73(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.64(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.34(s,3H),1.92(s,3H),1.12(s,6H)。
实施例9
1-(((5-氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-萘啶-3-基)氨基)嘧啶4-基)氨基)甲基)-N-乙基环丁烷-1-甲酰胺
用1-(氨甲基)环丁烷羧酸甲酯和2,4,5-三氯嘧啶分别替代实施例4第一步中的2,2-二甲基-3-氨基丙酸甲酯4a和2,4-二氯-5-甲基嘧啶4b,然后在第三步用乙胺盐酸盐替换甲胺盐酸盐,用类似的方法和反应步骤,可以得到化合物9。ESI-MS(m/z):460.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.17(s,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.72(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),7.63(s,1H),6.81(t,J=5.4Hz,1H),3.88(s,3H),3.71(d,J=5.6 Hz,2H),3.44(s,2H),3.11-2.99(m,2H),2.75(t,J=5.9Hz,2H),2.64(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),2.34(s,3H),2.23(dd,J=18.7,9.9Hz,2H),1.98-1.90(m,2H),1.88-1.81(m,1H),1.76-1.68(m,1H),0.94(t,J=7.2Hz,3H)。
实施例10
4-((5-氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-萘啶-3-基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)-3,3-二甲基丁酸
化合物10由以下步骤制备:
第一步:将化合物10a(200mg,1.02mmol)与2,4,5-三氯嘧啶(43mg,1.33mmol)1d溶解在异丙醇(8mL)之中,向上述反应液之中加入DIPEA(264mg,2.04mmol),反应液在室温下搅拌过夜。LCMS检测原料转化完全。将反应液浓缩得到粗品并经过硅胶柱层析(石油 醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)纯化得到无色油状化合物10b(312mg,收率100%)。ESI-MS(m/z):306.3[M+H]
+。
第二步:将化合物10b(360mg,1.18mmol)和Int-1(227mg,1.18mmol)溶解在二氧六环(10mL)之中,依次加入碳酸铯(766mg,2.35mmol),Brettphos Pd G3(213mg,0.23mmol)和Brettphos(126mg,0.23mmol),反应液在氮气氛围下110℃搅拌过夜。LCMS检测原料转化完全。将反应液浓缩得到粗品并经过硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)纯化得到棕色油10c(280mg,收率51%)。ESI-MS(m/z):463.5[M+H]
+。
第三步:将化合物10c(260mg,0.56mmol)溶解在四氢呋喃(5mL)和水(5mL)的混合溶液之中,向上述反应液之中加入氢氧化锂(23mg,0.56mmol),反应液在室温下搅拌四个小时。将反应液用1N盐酸水溶液酸化到pH=3,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取。将萃取后的水相浓缩得到粗品。将粗品用反相制备HPLC纯化得到化合物10(3.59mg,收率1.47%)。ESI-MS(m/z):435.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.13(s,1H),7.95(s,1H),7.62(s,1H),7.25(s,1H),3.88(s,2H),3.45(s,3H),3.38(s,2H),2.75(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.67(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.35(s,3H),2.15(s,2H),0.96(s,6H)。
实施例11
1-(((5氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-萘啶-3-基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)甲基)-N-甲基环丙烷-1-甲酰胺
用1-(氨甲基)环丙基甲酸乙酯和2,4,5-三氯嘧啶分别替代实施例4第一步中的2,2-二甲基-3-氨基丙酸甲酯4a和2,4-二氯-5-甲基嘧啶4b,用类似的方法和反应步骤,可以得到化合物11。ESI-MS(m/z):432.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(s,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.81(s,1H),7.69(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.15(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.88(s,3H),3.67(d,J=5.9Hz,2H),3.38(s,2H),2.75(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.64(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),2.55(d,J=4.3Hz,3H),2.34(s,3H),0.93(dd,J=6.2,3.9Hz,2H),0.78(dd,J=6.5,4.0Hz,2H)。
实施例12
1-(((5-氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-萘啶-3-基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)甲基)-N-甲基环戊烷-1-甲酰胺
用Boc-1-氨基甲基环戊烷羧酸替代实施例1第一步中的Boc-3-氨基-2,2-二甲基-丙酸1a,用类似的方法和反应步骤,可以得到化合物12。ESI-MS(m/z):460.2[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.09(s,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.68(s,1H),7.66(d,J=4.7Hz,1H),6.83(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.88(s,3H),3.52(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.42(s,2H),2.75(t,J=5.9Hz,2H),2.64(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),2.57(d,J=4.4Hz,3H),2.34(s,3H),1.86(dt,J=7.7,5.5Hz,2H),1.61-1.55(m,6H)。
实施例13
1-(((5氯-2-((2-甲氧基-6-甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-萘啶-3-基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)甲基)环丁烷-1-羧酸
用4-(氨甲基)环丁烷羧酸甲酯盐酸盐替代实施例10第一步中的3,3-二甲基-4-氨基丁酸乙酯盐酸盐10a,用类似的方法和反应步骤,可以得到化合物13。ESI-MS(m/z):433.3[M+H]
+;
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.15(s,1H),7.97(s,1H),7.63(s,1H),7.01(t,J=6.1Hz,1H),3.88(s,3H),3.75(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),3.44(s,2H),2.75(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),2.66(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),2.35(s,3H),2.28-2.21(m,2H),2.06-1.99(m,2H),1.84-1.76(m,2H)。
根据以上实施例描述的合成路线和中间体的合成方法,制备得到了以下实施例化合物。
HPK1抑制剂生物学筛选和结果
试验例1:化合物对HPK1激酶活性抑制能力的检测(方法1)
所需使用试剂如下
实验步骤
具体操作如下:配置酶促反应体系缓冲液(10mM MOPS,pH 7.2,5mMβ-glycerol-phosphate,10mM MgCl2,0.8mM EDTA,2mM EGTA,0.1mM DTT);将测试的化合物(配于DMSO中1mM的化合物储液)用缓冲液稀释至为60uM最高浓度(包含6%DMSO),并配置60μM浓度起始用包含6%DMSO的缓冲液进行5倍稀释共计8个点的梯度浓度的化合物;随后使用缓冲液将HPK1激酶稀释至30nM。在Greiner384孔微孔板(货号:784075)中每孔加入2μl的HPK1激酶稀释液,对照孔中补充2μl缓冲液;短暂离心后在反应孔中加入1μl的稀释化合物,对照孔中加入1μl包含6%DMSO的缓冲液;短暂离心后置于25℃恒温孵育箱(上海一恒科学仪器有限公司,货号:LRH-150)中孵育20min。在每孔中加入3μl反应底物(溶解于蒸馏水中的10μM MBP和20μM ATP),短暂离心后置于25℃恒温孵育箱中孵育60min,采用ADP-Glo Kinase Assay Kit检测酶促反应活性,ADP-Glo Kinase Assay Kit检测都依据试剂盒的操作说明进行。数据采用化合物的半数抑制浓度IC50描述。
上述结果表明,本发明的化合物对HPK1激酶活性具有优异的抑制能力。
试验例2:化合物对Jurkat细胞分泌细胞因子白介素-2(IL-2)激动能力的检测及化合物对Jurkat细胞活力的影响(方法2)
所需使用试剂及细胞如下:
实验试剂:
实验细胞:
细胞 | 细胞类型 | 品牌 |
Jurkat E6-1 | 人T淋巴细胞白血病细胞 | 中科院细胞库 |
实验步骤
具体操作如下:将化合物粉末用DMSO溶解至10mM,取2μl化合物 加入到998μl RPMI 1640培养基(此试验中均含10%FBS)中,涡旋混匀后为最高浓度点。用0.2%DMSO培养基3倍逐渐稀释化合物溶液,共8个浓度点。以含浓度为0.1%DMSO的RPMI 1640培养基溶液处理作为对照。在康宁96孔细胞培养板(货号:3599)中每孔加入1×105Jurkat E6-1细胞,随后加入等量体积的化合物稀释液,对照组加入含0.2%DMSO的RPMI 1640培养基,置于37℃细胞培养箱(Thermo Fisher Scientific,型号:3111)孵育1h。随后加入终浓度为1μg/ml Anti-human CD3Antibody和1μg/ml Anti-human CD28 Antibody抗体,置于37℃细胞培养箱孵育24h,收集培养上清液,采用Human IL-2 DuoSet ELISA KIT检测细胞上清液中的IL-2含量,Human IL-2 DuoSet ELISA检测依据试剂盒的操作说明进行。IL-2分泌数据采用化合物的刺激信号与0.1%DMSO的信号的最高倍数比值描述;收集细胞,使用
Luminescent Cell Viability Assay试剂盒检测细胞活力,细胞活力数据采用化合物的半数抑制浓度IC50描述。
NA:表示未检测到IL-2的释放增强。
上述结果表明,与对照相比,本发明化合物显著增加了Jurkat细胞分泌的细胞因子白介素-2的水平,同时不对Jurkat的细胞活力有不利影响。
试验例3:化合物对人PBMC细胞分泌细胞因子白介素-2(IL-2)激动能力的检测化合物对人PBMC细胞活力的影响(方法3)
所需使用试剂如下
实验细胞来源信息:
实验步骤
具体操作如下:人PBMC按照标准操作从液氮中取出后,置于37℃水浴锅中解冻复苏,将细胞用RPMI 1640培养基(此试验中均含10%FBS)重悬,离心洗涤两次;随后将人PBMC细胞重悬于RPMI 1640培养基中备用。将化合物粉末用DMSO溶解至10mM,取2μl化合物加入到998μl RPMI 1640培养基中,涡旋混匀后为最高浓度点。用0.2%DMSO培养基3倍逐渐稀释化合物溶液,共8个浓度点。以含浓度为0.1%DMSO的RPMI 1640培养基溶液处理作为对照。在康宁96孔细胞培养板(货号:3599)中每孔加入1×105人PBMC细胞,随后加入等量体积的化合物稀释液,对照组加入含0.2%DMSO的RPMI1640培养基,置于37℃细胞培养箱(Thermo Fisher Scientific,型号:3111)孵育1h。随后加入终浓度为0.01μg/ml Anti-human CD3 Antibody和1μg/ml Anti-human CD28 Antibody抗体,置于37℃细胞培养箱孵育24h。采用Human IL-2 DuoSet ELISA KIT检测细胞上清液中的IL-2含量,Human IL-2 DuoSet ELISA检测依据试剂盒的操作说明进行。数据采用化合物的刺激信号与0.1%DMSO的信号的最高倍数比值描述。收集细胞,使用
Luminescent Cell Viability Assay试剂盒检测细胞活力,细胞活力数据采用化合物的半数抑制浓度IC50描述。
NA:表示未检测到IL-2的释放增强。
上述结果表明,与对照相比,本发明化合物显著增加了PBMC细胞分泌的细胞因子白介素-2的水平,同时不对PBMC的细胞活力有不利影响。
Claims (15)
- 具有式I结构的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体:其中R 1表示氢、(C 1-C 6)烷基或(C 3-C 8)环烷基;R 2表示氢、(C 1-C 6)烷基、卤素、氰基、-OR a或(C 1-C 6)卤代烷基;R 3表示氢、卤素、-OR a、(C 1-C 6)烷基、(C 1-C 6)卤代烷基、羟基(C 1-C 6)烷基、(C 2-C 6)烯基、-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(C 3-C 8)环烷基、-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(4-8元)杂环烷基、-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(C 3-C 8)环烷基氧基或-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(4-8元)杂环烷基氧基;B表示-(C 0-C 6)亚烷基-、-O-(C 1-C 6)烷基-、-S-(C 1-C 6)烷基-或-S(O)-(C 1-C 6)烷基-;R 4和R 4’各自独立地表示氢、(C 1-C 6)烷基、(C 2-C 6)烯基或卤素;或者R 4与R 4’一起和与之相连的碳原子形成3-6元环,该环中还可以任意地含有0、1、2个选自N、O、S的杂原子;R 5表示氢、C 1-C 6烷基、卤代(C 1-C 6)烷基、(C 3-C 6)烯基、(C 3-C 8)环烷基、卤代(C 3-C 8)环烷基、(4-8元)杂环烷基、卤代(4-8元)杂环烷基、-(C 0-C 6)亚烷基-OR a、-(C 0-C 6)亚烷基-COOR a或者-(C 0-C 6)亚烷基-C(O)NR aR a’;R 6和R 6’各自独立地表示氢、C 1-C 6烷基、(C 1-C 6)卤代烷基、(C 2-C 6)烯基卤素或-(C 0-C 6)亚烷基-OR a;或者R 6与R 6’一起和与之相连的碳原子形成3-6元环,该环中还可以任意地含有0、1、2个选自N、O、S的杂原子;X 1表示N或者CR 7;其中,R 7表示氢、卤素、(C 1-C 6)烷基、(C 1-C 6)卤代烷基、(C 2-C 6)烯基、-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(C 3-C 8)环烷基、-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(4-10元)杂环烷基、-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(C 6-C 10)芳基、-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(5-10)元杂芳基,或者,当X 1表示CR 7时,R 7可以与相邻的R 3一起形成(5-10元)环烷基或者(5-10元)杂环烷基,其任选地被卤素取代;R M和R N各自独立地表示氢、卤素、(C 1-C 6)烷基或(C 1-C 6)卤代烷基,或者R M和R N一起和与之相连的碳原子环合成3-6元环,该环中还可以任意地含有0、1、2个选自O、N、S的杂原子,其任选地被卤素取代;且R M和R N不同时为氢;其中,R a、R b表示氢或(C 1-C 6)烷基;m、n表示0、1、2或3。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中,R 1表示(C 1-C 6)烷基。
- 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中,R 2表示卤素、(C 1-C 6)烷基或者卤代(C 1-C 6)烷基。
- 权利要求1-4中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中,X 1表示N或者CH。
- 权利要求1-5中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中,R 3表示-OR a、(C 1-C 6)烷基或者(C 3-C 8)环烷基。
- 权利要求1-6中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中,R 4和R 4’各自独立地表示氢。
- 权利要求1-7中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中,R 5表示氢、(C 1-C 6)烷基或者(C 3-C 8)环烷基。
- 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中,R 6和R 6’各自独立地表示氢、卤素、(C 1-C 6)烷基或者(C 1-C 6)卤代烷基。
- 如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中,R 7表示氢、卤素、(C 1-C 6)烷基、(C 1-C 6)卤代烷基、-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(C 3-C 8)环烷基或者-(C 0-C 6亚烷基)(4-10元)杂环烷基。11.如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中m表示1或2。
- 如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中n表示1或2。
- 如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体,其中m表示1,n表示2。
- 一种药物组合物,其包括权利要求1-14任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体以及药学上可用的载体。
- 如权利要求1-14任一项所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐、同位素衍生物、立体异构体或者权利要求15所述的药物组合物在制备用于预防和/或治疗癌症、肿瘤、炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病或免疫介导性疾病的药物中的用途。
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