CN116347743B - Diffuser for extracting extremely weak particle beams - Google Patents

Diffuser for extracting extremely weak particle beams Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116347743B
CN116347743B CN202310089017.8A CN202310089017A CN116347743B CN 116347743 B CN116347743 B CN 116347743B CN 202310089017 A CN202310089017 A CN 202310089017A CN 116347743 B CN116347743 B CN 116347743B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rotating
main shaft
diffuser
needle
extracting
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CN202310089017.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116347743A (en
Inventor
王平
敬罕涛
蔡伟亮
于永积
张清
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Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS
Spallation Neutron Source Science Center
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Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS
Spallation Neutron Source Science Center
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/10Arrangements for ejecting particles from orbits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/04Magnet systems, e.g. undulators, wigglers; Energisation thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/14Vacuum chambers
    • H05H7/18Cavities; Resonators

Abstract

The invention provides a diffuser for extracting extremely weak particle beams, which comprises a rotating structure, wherein the rotating structure consists of a rotating body and a rotating main shaft, a plurality of diffusing needles are extracted from the outer side of the rotating body, the rotating body is arranged in the middle of the rotating main shaft, and magnetic fluid is arranged on the rotating main shaft, which is close to the two sides of the rotating body; the invention adopts a rotary cutting Shu Sanshe mode instead of a traditional scattering mode in which a scattering rod is inserted, a preset effect can be achieved by rotating at a certain rotating speed without rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration during operation, the production and manufacturing cost of equipment is greatly reduced, the calculation and analysis difficulties in the experimental preparation stage are greatly reduced, the main structure can be prevented from being too large in the vertical direction by adopting the rotary structural design, the gravity center is lower, the operation process is more stable, and the later maintenance and installation are facilitated.

Description

Diffuser for extracting extremely weak particle beams
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of RCS annular accelerators, in particular to a diffuser for extracting extremely weak particle beams.
Background
The scatterer for extracting extremely weak particles is applied to the existing annular accelerator (RCS), and a high-frequency weak beam current is extracted from an RCS ring. The diffuser is a mechanical chopper, belongs to rotary mechanical equipment, and is similar to a band width chopper turntable, the turntable extends out of a long and thin scattering needle (scattering film) to be inserted into proton beam current on RCS, the scattering needle rotates to sweep the beam current in a specific time, and the particle movement direction is changed in a scattering mode, so that extremely weak particle beam current is led out.
Devices for extracting very weak particles are currently only used in some foreign scientific research institutions, and for foreign applications, very weak particles are extracted in the form of a scattering rod which moves rapidly and linearly.
The equipment of the fast moving scattering rod consists of a linear electromagnetic driving assembly, a main body, a vacuum isolation system and the like. The linear electromagnetic drive assembly is used for enabling an axis inserted into the beam to move up and down so as to ensure that extremely weak particles are led out, the main body is used for providing equipment support, and the vacuum isolation system is used for separating equipment from an accelerator in vacuum. Meanwhile, the shaft needs to be rapidly reciprocated up and down all the time and is inserted into the beam, and the accurate time and position of the insertion also need to be controllable, so the rigidity of the shaft needs to be very good. The shaft is not perfectly constrained in bearings, however, due to its mass, shape and material characteristics, which can lead to deformation and vibration of the shaft during rapid acceleration and deceleration operations. The drive motor selected at the same time requires a very high acceleration and its control system also requires a very high precision. Therefore, the cost is high, and the research and development difficulty is also high.
The device for extracting the extremely weak particles is the key of a high-energy proton beam experiment station planned and built by CSNS, and the scattering rod equipment capable of rapidly moving can extract the extremely weak particles, but has a complex structure and high processing cost.
Because the up-and-down axis of the fast moving scattering bar device needs to reciprocate up and down at a high frequency consistent with the spallation neutron source targeting frequency (25 Hz), the speed is increased to 50Hz under special conditions, and huge impact can be generated on the device during acceleration and deceleration, so that the long-term stable operation of the device is not facilitated. The lower shaft requires high frequency up and down reciprocation because the device cannot normally be placed in the beam flow path for a long period of time due to the fact that the proton beam is powerful and the very high energy deposition can cause damage to the device.
Secondly, the material selection and the processing requirements of the shaft are also high, because the shaft can generate deformation and vibration in the rapid acceleration and deceleration operation process, the material of the shaft needs better strength and processing performance and also has better processing precision in order to reduce the deformation and the vibration as much as possible, thereby improving the cost.
Finally, for a fast moving scattering bar device, the main structure of the device is large in the vertical direction due to the movement mode, and meanwhile, the situation of light weight and feet occurs due to the high gravity center of the device, so that the device is not beneficial to later installation and maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a diffuser for extracting an extremely weak particle beam.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a diffuser for extracting an extremely weak particle beam, comprising:
the rotating structure is used for cutting beams at the edge of the particle beam in a rotating manner and leading out weak proton beams through a geometric effect, and comprises a rotating body, wherein a plurality of scattering needles are led out of the outer side of the rotating body, the rotating structure further comprises a rotating main shaft, the rotating body is arranged in the middle of the rotating main shaft and is driven to rotate by the rotating main shaft, two groups of magnetic fluid are further arranged on the rotating main shaft, which is close to two sides of the rotating body, one end of the rotating main shaft is provided with a vacuum driving motor, and the other end of the rotating main shaft is connected with a beam leading-out structure;
the vacuum cavity is used for providing vacuum working environment for the rotating structure, the vacuum cavity is composed of two sealing plates, a main shaft mounting hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the rotating main shaft, of the sealing plate, the rotating main shaft penetrates through the main shaft mounting hole, a motor vacuum cabin is arranged in the position, corresponding to the vacuum driving motor, of the outer side of the sealing plate, the vacuum driving motor is arranged in the motor vacuum cabin, and the motor vacuum cabin is matched with the main shaft mounting hole to be assembled in a sealing mode.
In the invention, a hollow first wire harness channel is formed in the rotating body corresponding to the scattering needle, a second wire harness channel is formed in the rotating spindle and close to one end of the wire harness leading-out structure, and the first wire harness channel is communicated with the second wire harness channel.
Further, the scattering needle is electrically connected with a wire harness at one end connected with the rotator, and the wire harness is arranged in the first wire harness channel and the second wire harness channel in a penetrating mode and is connected with external equipment through the wire harness lead-out structure.
Still further, the wire harness lead-out structure comprises a slip ring, the wire harness is connected with the slip ring, the slip ring rotates along with the wire harness, and the wire harness lead-out structure is arranged in a wire harness sealing cabin.
In the invention, the vacuum driving motor adopts a direct-drive frameless motor, and the rotor of the vacuum driving motor is directly connected with the rotating main shaft.
In the invention, a miniature electric cylinder is arranged between the scattering needle and the rotating body, so that the extension length of the scattering needle can be adjusted through the miniature electric cylinder.
In the invention, the scattering needle adopts a conical needle-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the extension length of the scattering needle needs to be controlled within a range of 35-85 mm from the edge of the scattering needle to the center of the high proton beam.
In the invention, the sealing plate is also provided with a particle beam line through hole below the spindle mounting hole, and the scattering needle is matched with the particle beam line through hole so as to cut the particle beam passing through the particle beam line through hole.
In the invention, the diffuser is also provided with a vibration sensor, a photoelectric sensor and a temperature sensor, so as to monitor the running state of the equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, a rotation cutting Shu Sanshe mode is adopted to replace a traditional scattering mode in which a scattering rod is inserted, a state of rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration is not required to occur during operation, a preset effect can be achieved only by rotating at a certain rotating speed, the production and manufacturing cost of equipment is greatly reduced, the calculation and analysis difficulties in an experiment preparation stage are greatly reduced, the main structure can be prevented from being too large in the vertical direction due to the rotary structural design, the gravity center is lower, the operation process is more stable, and the later maintenance and installation are facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a diffuser for extracting an extremely weak particle beam according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another angular overall block diagram of the diffuser for extracting a very weak particle beam;
FIG. 3 is an elevational view of the overall structure of the diffuser for extracting a very weak particle beam;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the diffuser for extracting an extremely weak particle beam;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of another angular section of the diffuser for extracting a very weak particle beam;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a third angular portion of the diffuser for extracting a very weak particle beam;
fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the diffuser for extracting an extremely weak particle beam.
The reference numerals are explained as follows:
1. a rotating body; 11. a first strand passage; 2. a scattering needle; 3. rotating the main shaft; 31. a second harness path; 4. magnetic fluid; 5. a vacuum driving motor; 6. a harness lead-out structure; 61. a slip ring; 62. a wire harness sealing cabin; 7. a vacuum chamber; 71. a sealing plate; 711. a spindle mounting hole; 712. a particle beam line via; 8. and a motor vacuum cabin.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In order to illustrate the technical scheme of the invention, the following description is made by specific examples.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a diffuser for extracting an extremely weak particle beam according to the present embodiment includes:
the rotating structure is used for cutting beams at the edge of the particle beam in a rotating way and extracting weak proton beams through a geometric effect, and comprises a rotating body 1, a plurality of scattering needles 2 are extracted from the outer side of the rotating body 1, a rotating main shaft 3 is also included in the rotating structure, the rotating body 1 is arranged in the middle of the rotating main shaft 3 and is driven to rotate by the rotating main shaft 3, two groups of magnetic fluid 4 are further arranged on the rotating main shaft 3, two sides of the rotating main shaft 3 are close to the rotating body 1, one end of the rotating main shaft 3 is provided with a vacuum driving motor 5, and the other end of the rotating main shaft is connected with a linear beam extraction structure 6;
the vacuum chamber 7 is used for providing vacuum working environment for the rotating structure, the vacuum chamber 7 is composed of two sealing plates 71, a main shaft mounting hole 711 is formed in the position, corresponding to the rotating main shaft 3, of the sealing plates 71, the rotating main shaft 3 penetrates through the main shaft mounting hole 711, a motor vacuum cabin 8 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the vacuum driving motor 5, of the outer side of the sealing plates 71, the vacuum driving motor 5 is arranged in the motor vacuum cabin 8, and the motor vacuum cabin 8 is matched with the main shaft mounting hole 711 in a sealing assembly.
In this embodiment, a hollow first wire harness channel 11 is formed in the rotor 1 corresponding to the scattering needle 2, and a second wire harness channel 31 is formed in the rotor spindle 3 near one end of the wire harness outgoing structure 6, wherein the first wire harness channel 11 is communicated with the second wire harness channel 31.
Further, the scattering needle 2 is electrically connected with a wire harness at one end connected with the rotator 1, and the wire harness is arranged in the first wire harness channel 11 and the second wire harness channel 31 in a penetrating manner and is connected with external equipment through the wire harness lead-out structure 6.
Further, the wire harness lead-out structure 6 includes a slip ring 61, the wire harness is connected to the slip ring 61, and the slip ring 61 rotates following the wire harness, and the wire harness lead-out structure 6 is provided in a wire harness seal compartment 62.
In this embodiment, the vacuum driving motor 5 is a direct-drive type frameless motor, and the rotor thereof is directly connected to the rotating spindle 3.
In this embodiment, a micro electric cylinder is further disposed between the scattering needle 2 and the rotator 1, so as to adjust the extension length of the scattering needle 2 by the micro electric cylinder.
In this embodiment, the scattering needle 2 adopts a conical needle structure.
Furthermore, the extension length of the scattering needle 2 needs to be controlled within a range of 35-85 mm from the edge of the scattering needle 2 to the center of the high proton beam.
In the present embodiment, the sealing plate 71 is further provided with a beam passing hole 712 below the spindle mounting hole 711, and the scattering needle 2 is engaged with the beam passing hole 712 to perform beam cutting operation on the beam passing through the beam passing hole 712.
In this embodiment, the diffuser is further provided with a vibration sensor, a photoelectric sensor, and a temperature sensor, so as to monitor the operation state of the device.
Working principle:
the rotating main shaft 3 is parallel to the proton beam, and the vacuum driving motor 5 drives the rotating body 1 to periodically rotate. The protruding end of the rotator 1 is a scattering needle 2 made of tungsten or titanium, and weak proton beams are led out by cutting beams at the edge part of the beam spots through geometric effect. The rotation period of the ring-shaped scatterer is generally the same as the proton pulse frequency, and the phase is synchronous with the proton pulse. The rotating scattering needle is approximately stationary for very fast protons, but the area of shielding the beam as the scattering needle 2 sweeps across the beam is also constantly changing, with rise/fall times.
The scattering needle 2 should rotate and sweep the edge of the proton beam spot within the required time (2 ms), the scattering needle 2 rotates to the position for blocking the beam current when the protons are accelerated to-1.59 GeV through phase control, the edge proton beam is scattered off the orbit on the scattering needle 2, is led out by a magnet (the proton beam current can run for about 2200 circles on the RCS within the time of sweeping by the diffuser), and then is moved away from the central position of the beam spot at 40ms, so that protons with energy and strength meeting the requirements can be led out, and the proton targeting cannot be influenced.
Compared with the rapid-movement scattering rod equipment, the scattering needle 2 in the scattering device does not generate large impact and vibration on the equipment like the rapid-movement scattering rod equipment shaft, does not need rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration, and keeps uniform circular movement consistent with the spallation neutron source targeting frequency. While for fast moving diffuser bar devices usually a peripheral gauge stand is required for support, mounting, for lowering its centre of gravity, for ease of installation, and not for diffusers.
While the invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A diffuser for extracting an extremely weak particle beam, comprising:
the rotating structure is used for cutting beams at the edge part of the particle beam in a rotating manner and extracting weak proton beams through a geometric effect, and comprises a rotating body, wherein a plurality of scattering needles are extracted from the outer side of the rotating body; the extending end of the rotator is a scattering needle made of tungsten or titanium, and weak proton beams are led out by cutting beams at the edge part of the beam spots through geometric effect; the rotating structure further comprises a rotating main shaft, the rotating main shaft is parallel to the proton beam, the rotating body is arranged in the middle of the rotating main shaft and is driven to rotate by the rotating main shaft, two groups of magnetic fluid are further arranged on the rotating main shaft and close to two sides of the rotating body, one end of the rotating main shaft is provided with a vacuum driving motor, and the other end of the rotating main shaft is connected with a linear beam leading-out structure;
the vacuum cavity is used for providing a vacuum working environment for the rotating structure, the vacuum cavity is composed of two sealing plates, a main shaft mounting hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the rotating main shaft, of the sealing plates, the rotating main shaft penetrates through the main shaft mounting hole and is located in the outer side of the sealing plates, corresponding to the vacuum driving motor, of the vacuum driving motor, a motor vacuum cabin is arranged in the motor vacuum cabin, and the motor vacuum cabin is matched with the main shaft mounting hole to be assembled in a sealing mode.
2. The diffuser of claim 1, wherein a hollow first beam passage is formed in the rotor corresponding to the diffusing needle, and a second beam passage is formed in the rotor spindle near one end of the beam extraction structure, and the first beam passage is communicated with the second beam passage.
3. The diffuser of claim 2, wherein one end of the diffuser needle connected to the rotator is electrically connected to a wire harness, and the wire harness is threaded through the first wire harness channel and the second wire harness channel, and is connected to external equipment through the harness extraction structure.
4. A diffuser for extracting an extremely weak particle beam as claimed in claim 3, wherein said beam extracting structure comprises a slip ring, said beam is connected to said slip ring, and said slip ring rotates with said beam, said beam extracting structure being provided in a beam sealing chamber.
5. A diffuser for extracting a very weak particle beam as defined in claim 1, wherein said vacuum driving motor is a direct drive frameless motor and a rotor thereof is directly connected to said main rotation shaft.
6. The diffuser of claim 1, wherein a micro-cylinder is further provided between the diffusing needle and the rotator, whereby the projecting length of the diffusing needle is adjusted by the micro-cylinder.
7. A diffuser for extracting a very weak particle beam as defined in claim 1, wherein said diffusing needle is of conical needle-like configuration.
8. The diffuser of claim 6, wherein the extending length of the diffusing needle is controlled to be within a range of 35-85 mm from the edge of the diffusing needle to the center of the high proton beam.
9. The diffuser of claim 1, wherein the sealing plate is further provided with a beam passing hole below the spindle mounting hole, and the diffusing needle is matched with the beam passing hole to perform beam cutting operation on the beam passing through the beam passing hole.
10. The diffuser of claim 1, further comprising a vibration sensor, a photoelectric sensor, and a temperature sensor for monitoring the operation of the apparatus.
CN202310089017.8A 2023-02-06 2023-02-06 Diffuser for extracting extremely weak particle beams Active CN116347743B (en)

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