CN116343737A - High-speed train line noise reduction device capable of coupling active noise reduction with passive noise reduction - Google Patents

High-speed train line noise reduction device capable of coupling active noise reduction with passive noise reduction Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116343737A
CN116343737A CN202310339924.3A CN202310339924A CN116343737A CN 116343737 A CN116343737 A CN 116343737A CN 202310339924 A CN202310339924 A CN 202310339924A CN 116343737 A CN116343737 A CN 116343737A
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noise reduction
variable
frequency
resonator
active
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刘晓日
冯浩剑
李孟涵
饶中浩
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Hebei University of Technology
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Hebei University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/20—Reflecting arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-speed train line noise reduction device for coupling active noise reduction and passive noise reduction, which comprises active noise reduction equipment, a sound barrier and a variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator; the sound barrier is arranged at two sides of the high-speed train along the line, the active noise reduction equipment is arranged on the sound barrier, and the active noise reduction equipment performs noise reduction by emitting anti-noise; an array formed by a plurality of variable-frequency Helmholtz resonators is distributed in the active noise reduction equipment; the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator comprises an insulating cylinder barrel, a piezoelectric film and a telescopic sleeve; the insulation cylinder is connected with a box body of the active noise reduction equipment, a resonator hole is formed in the end part of the insulation cylinder, the piezoelectric film is positioned in the insulation cylinder and is opposite to the resonator hole, and a cavity formed by enclosing the piezoelectric film and the side wall of the insulation cylinder is a resonator cavity; the telescopic sleeve is connected with one end of the insulating cylinder barrel, which is provided with a resonator hole. The mode that adopts initiative and passive to combine together can play better noise reduction effect, through the extension that changes telescopic tube, adjusts the resonant frequency of variable frequency helmholtz resonator to the noise frequency in adaptation different highway sections.

Description

High-speed train line noise reduction device capable of coupling active noise reduction with passive noise reduction
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of noise processing, in particular to a high-speed train line noise reduction device for coupling active noise reduction with passive noise reduction.
Background
Along with the rapid development of high-speed rail technology, high-speed trains bring convenience to people's travel and also bring serious noise pollution, especially residents living near the high-speed trains along the lines, and the noise generated by the running of the high-speed trains seriously interferes with the lives of the residents, so that the physical health of people is influenced, and the life quality of people is reduced.
According to the implementation mode, the noise reduction technology is divided into an active noise reduction technology and a passive noise reduction technology, the noise is counteracted by emitting sound waves with opposite phases and same amplitude with the noise, and the effect of actively reducing the noise is more obvious. There are many researches on active noise reduction technology, for example, patent application number 201910504004.6 discloses a noise reduction device and a control method thereof, the noise reduction device comprises a sound wave emission device, an angle control device, a central control device and a sound control device, noise reduction is performed by automatically selecting a noise reduction angle through the angle control device and the central control device, and the sound control device controls the sound wave emission device to output noise reduction waves with opposite phases to noise reduction current signals, so that the purpose of noise reduction is achieved.
The passive noise reduction refers to limiting or isolating the transmission of noise on a noise transmission path, namely, arranging a sound barrier between a noise source and a receiver to ensure that the transmission of sound waves has a remarkable additional attenuation, thereby weakening the noise influence in a certain area where the receiver is positioned, and the sound barrier is widely applied to the sound insulation and noise reduction of noise sources such as highways, expressways and the like. At present, the noise reduction purpose is achieved mainly by arranging sound barriers at two sides along the line of a high-speed train, but the noise reduction mode is single, and the noise reduction effect is poor. Therefore, the high-speed train line noise reduction device with the coupling active noise reduction function and the coupling passive noise reduction function is provided, and better noise reduction effect is achieved through combination of various noise reduction technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the noise reduction device for the high-speed train along the line, which is used for coupling active noise reduction with passive noise reduction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-speed train line noise reduction device is characterized by comprising active noise reduction equipment, a sound barrier and a variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator; the sound barrier is arranged at two sides of the high-speed train along the line, the active noise reduction equipment is arranged on the sound barrier, and the active noise reduction equipment performs noise reduction by emitting anti-noise; an array formed by a plurality of variable-frequency Helmholtz resonators is distributed in the active noise reduction equipment; the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator comprises an insulating cylinder barrel, a piezoelectric film and a telescopic sleeve; the insulation cylinder is connected with a box body of the active noise reduction equipment, a resonator hole is formed in the end part of the insulation cylinder, the piezoelectric film is positioned in the insulation cylinder and is opposite to the resonator hole, and a cavity formed by enclosing the piezoelectric film and the side wall of the insulation cylinder is a resonator cavity; the telescopic sleeve is connected with one end of the insulating cylinder barrel, which is provided with a resonator hole, and the resonance frequency of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator is adjusted by changing the elongation of the telescopic sleeve.
Further, the device adjusts the resonance frequency of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator through a variable-frequency executing mechanism, and the variable-frequency executing mechanism comprises a telescopic executing element, a connecting rod, a pushing plate and a pushing rod; the telescopic actuating element is installed in the equipment box of initiative noise reduction equipment, and telescopic end and the one end of connecting rod of telescopic actuating element are connected, and the other end and the push plate of connecting rod are connected, and the push plate passes through the push rod respectively and is connected with each telescopic sleeve.
Further, the telescopic sleeve adopts a three-layer structure, the inner layer and the outer layer form a fixed cylinder, the middle layer is a pushing cylinder, one end of the fixed cylinder is connected with the insulating cylinder, and the pushing rod is connected with the pushing cylinder.
Further, the piezoelectric film is connected with a voltage stabilizer through a wire, and the voltage stabilizer is connected with a storage battery.
Further, the active noise reduction device comprises a device box, a loudspeaker and an active noise reduction controller; an array formed by a plurality of speakers is distributed in the equipment box, the speaker array is electrically connected with an active noise reduction controller, the active noise reduction controller has noise collection and processing functions, and the speaker array emits anti-noise.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the mode that adopts initiative to fall with passive to fall and make an uproar and combine together eliminates the well low frequency part of high-speed train along the line noise, and initiative noise reduction equipment reaches the purpose of eliminating noise through the transmission anti-noise, and the sound wave enters into the intracavity of variable frequency helmholtz resonator and makes air vibration, can reduce the energy of sound wave, plays the purpose of eliminating noise, and the sound wave passes through the sound barrier in the propagation process, makes sound wave propagation decay, has further strengthened the noise reduction effect.
2. Because the noise spectrum distribution in different highway sections is different, in order to reach better noise reduction effect, install a telescopic tube at the afterbody of helmholtz resonator, through adjusting telescopic tube's extension, adjust helmholtz resonator's neck length, and then adjust helmholtz resonator's resonant frequency to adapt to different highway sections.
3. The piezoelectric film is adopted to replace the rigid back plate of the conventional Helmholtz resonator, the force generated by air vibration in the resonator cavity acts on the piezoelectric film, charges are generated through the piezoelectric effect, the storage battery is charged, the noise reduction effect is achieved, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy saving purpose is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the inside of the apparatus case of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of a variable frequency Helmholtz resonator of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a radial cross-sectional view of the telescoping sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the change in neck length of the variable frequency Helmholtz resonator of the invention;
in the figure, 1, active noise reduction equipment; 2. a sound barrier; 3. fixing the frame column; 4. a variable frequency helmholtz resonator; 5. a variable frequency executing mechanism; 6. a storage battery; 7. a flexible solar panel; 8. a photovoltaic controller;
101. an equipment box; 102. a speaker; 103. an active noise reduction controller; 401. an insulating cylinder; 402. a piezoelectric film; 403. conducting film plating; 404. a telescoping sleeve; 501. a telescoping actuator; 502. a connecting rod; 503. a pushing plate; 504. a push rod;
101-1, a mounting plate; 404-1, a fixed cylinder; 404-2, pushing the cartridge; 404-3, notches.
Detailed Description
The following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings, but is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the present application.
The invention relates to a high-speed train line noise reduction device (device for short, see fig. 1-6) for coupling active noise reduction and passive noise reduction, which comprises active noise reduction equipment 1, a sound barrier 2 and a variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator 4; sound barriers 2 are arranged on two sides of a high-speed train along the line, the sound barriers 2 are arranged on the ground through fixed frame posts 3, and active noise reduction equipment 1 is arranged on the fixed frame posts 3; the active noise reduction equipment 1 realizes noise elimination by transmitting anti-noise, and plays a role in active noise reduction; an array of a plurality of variable frequency helmholtz resonators 4 is distributed in the active noise reduction device 1, and both the variable frequency helmholtz resonator array and the acoustic barrier 2 play a passive noise reduction role.
The active noise reduction device 1 comprises a device box 101, a loudspeaker 102 and an active noise reduction controller 103; the middle part of the equipment box 101 is provided with a mounting plate 101-1, a plurality of speakers 102 are distributed on the mounting plate 101-1 to form a speaker array, the speaker array is electrically connected with an active noise reduction controller 103, and the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonators 4 are distributed in gaps of the speaker array to form an array; the active noise reduction controller 103 collects noise signals and converts the noise signals into electrical signals, the speaker array converts the electrical signals into acoustic signals and transmits anti-noise to counteract noise, the anti-noise is sound waves with opposite phases and same amplitudes as the original noise, and active noise reduction is achieved. The active noise reduction controller 103 has the functions of noise collection and processing, and is known in the prior art, and see patent application number 201410155861.7.
The variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator 4 comprises an insulating cylinder 401, a piezoelectric film 402 and a telescopic sleeve 404; one end of the insulating cylinder 401 is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 101-1, a resonator hole is formed in the other end of the insulating cylinder 401, a telescopic sleeve 404 is connected with the other end of the insulating cylinder 401, and the elongation of the telescopic sleeve 404 is adjustable so as to adjust the neck length of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator 4; the piezoelectric film 402 is arranged in the insulating cylinder 401 and faces the resonator holes, and a cavity formed by enclosing the piezoelectric film 402 and the side wall of the insulating cylinder 401 is a resonator cavity; the sound wave enters the resonator cavity through the telescopic sleeve 404 and the resonator hole to generate resonance with air in the cavity so as to reduce the energy of the sound wave and play a role in noise reduction; in addition, the piezoelectric films 402 of all the helmholtz resonators 4 are connected with a voltage stabilizer, which is simultaneously connected with the storage battery 6; the force generated by the air vibration acts on the piezoelectric film 402, the acoustic energy is converted into electric energy through the piezoelectric effect, the electric charge is generated on the piezoelectric film 402, and the electric charge is converted into direct current after being processed by a voltage stabilizer, so that the storage battery 6 is charged; the piezoelectric film 402 is used for replacing a rigid backboard of a conventional Helmholtz resonator to realize the sound-electricity conversion; the surface of the piezoelectric film 402 is coated with a conductive plating film 403 to increase the conductivity of the piezoelectric film 402.
All variable-frequency Helmholtz resonators 4 realize frequency conversion through a frequency conversion executing mechanism 5 so as to adapt to noise spectrum distribution of different road sections and achieve good noise reduction effect; the variable frequency actuating mechanism 5 comprises a telescopic actuating element 501, a connecting rod 502, a pushing plate 503 and a pushing rod 504; the telescopic actuating element 501 is arranged in the equipment box 101, the telescopic end of the telescopic actuating element 501 is connected with one end of the connecting rod 502, the other end of the connecting rod 502 is connected with the pushing plate 503, the pushing plate 503 is respectively connected with each telescopic sleeve 404 through the pushing rod 504, the elongation of all the telescopic sleeves 404 is regulated through the telescopic actuating element 501, so that the neck length of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator 4 is regulated, the resonance frequency of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator 4 is regulated, and the variable-frequency of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator 4 is realized;
the resonance frequency of the helmholtz resonator is expressed as:
Figure BDA0004157811040000031
where f represents the resonance frequency of the helmholtz resonator, c represents the sound velocity, S represents the cross sectional area of the resonator hole, l represents the neck length of the helmholtz resonator, d represents the diameter of the resonator hole, and V represents the volume of the helmholtz resonator;
referring to fig. 5, the telescopic sleeve 404 adopts a three-layer structure, the inner layer and the outer layer form a fixed cylinder 404-1, the middle layer is a pushing cylinder 404-2, one end of the fixed cylinder 404-1 is connected with one end of the insulating cylinder 401 provided with a resonator hole, and the fixed cylinder 404-1 is coaxial with the insulating cylinder 401; the two opposite sides of the outer layer of the telescopic sleeve 404 are provided with notches 404-3, a push rod 504 passes through the notches 404-3 to be connected with the push cylinder 404-2, and the push cylinder 404-2 is axially moved along the fixed cylinder 404-1 by using a telescopic actuator 501 to extend the telescopic sleeve 404 so as to change the neck length of the variable-frequency helmholtz resonator 4 and further change the resonance frequency. From the above equation, the resonance frequency can be changed by changing the neck length of the variable-frequency helmholtz resonator, the neck length of the variable-frequency helmholtz resonator is the sum of the depth of the resonator hole and the length of the telescopic sleeve 404, the depth of the resonator hole is the wall thickness of one end of the insulating cylinder 401 where the resonator hole is formed, and the length of the telescopic sleeve 404 can be changed by moving the pushing cylinder 404-2, so that the resonance frequency of the variable-frequency helmholtz resonator 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the elongation of the telescopic sleeve 404.
The device also comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, a flexible solar panel 7 and a photovoltaic controller 8; the flexible solar panel 7 is attached to the light-facing surface of the sound barrier 2 and is connected with the photovoltaic controller 8, and the photovoltaic controller 8 is connected with the storage battery 6; the flexible solar panel 7 converts light energy into electric energy through a photoelectric effect, and the electric energy is stabilized by the photovoltaic controller 8 to charge the storage battery 6; the battery 6 is charged through the external power grid when the electric energy generated by the acousto-electric conversion and the photovoltaic power generation cannot meet the demand.
The telescopic actuator 501 is one of an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder and the like.
The working principle and the working flow of the invention are as follows:
because the noise spectrum distribution of different road sections is different, the device needs to collect the noise spectrum of a statistical target road section before use, selects the main frequency from the statistical result as the resonance frequency of the Helmholtz resonator, calculates the neck length of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator through a resonance frequency formula, further determines the elongation of the telescopic sleeve 404, namely the elongation of the telescopic actuator 501, and controls the telescopic actuator 501 to be elongated and kept at the current position;
noise generated in the running process of the high-speed train is collected by the active noise reduction controller 103, the noise signal is converted into an electric signal, the electric signal is converted into an acoustic signal by the loudspeaker array, and sound waves with opposite phases and same amplitude as the original noise are emitted to offset the noise, so that active noise reduction is realized; the sound wave enters the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator 4 at the same time, so that air in the resonator cavity vibrates, thereby reducing the energy of the sound wave and achieving the purpose of noise reduction; the sound barrier 2 can obviously attenuate sound wave propagation and also plays a role in noise reduction; air in the cavity of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator 4 vibrates, force generated by the air vibration acts on the piezoelectric film 402, acoustic energy is converted into electric energy through a piezoelectric effect, electric charges are generated on the piezoelectric film 402, the electric charges are converted into direct current after being processed by a voltage stabilizer, and the storage battery 6 is charged; the flexible solar panel 7 converts light energy into electric energy through a photoelectric effect, and the electric energy is stabilized by the photovoltaic controller 8 to charge the storage battery 6; the acoustic energy and the optical energy are used as main energy sources of the storage battery 6, the storage battery 6 is connected with an external power grid at the same time for ensuring the stable operation of the device, and if the electric energy generated by the acoustic-electric conversion and the photovoltaic power generation cannot meet the requirements, the storage battery 6 is charged through the external power grid.
The invention is applicable to the prior art where it is not described.

Claims (5)

1. The high-speed train line noise reduction device is characterized by comprising active noise reduction equipment, a sound barrier and a variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator; the sound barrier is arranged at two sides of the high-speed train along the line, the active noise reduction equipment is arranged on the sound barrier, and the active noise reduction equipment performs noise reduction by emitting anti-noise; an array formed by a plurality of variable-frequency Helmholtz resonators is distributed in the active noise reduction equipment; the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator comprises an insulating cylinder barrel, a piezoelectric film and a telescopic sleeve; the insulation cylinder is connected with a box body of the active noise reduction equipment, a resonator hole is formed in the end part of the insulation cylinder, the piezoelectric film is positioned in the insulation cylinder and is opposite to the resonator hole, and a cavity formed by enclosing the piezoelectric film and the side wall of the insulation cylinder is a resonator cavity; the telescopic sleeve is connected with one end of the insulating cylinder barrel, which is provided with a resonator hole, and the resonance frequency of the variable-frequency Helmholtz resonator is adjusted by changing the elongation of the telescopic sleeve.
2. The device for reducing noise along the line of the high-speed train by coupling active and passive noise according to claim 1, wherein the device adjusts the resonance frequency of a variable-frequency helmholtz resonator through a variable-frequency actuating mechanism, and the variable-frequency actuating mechanism comprises a telescopic actuating element, a connecting rod, a pushing plate and a pushing rod; the telescopic actuating element is installed in the equipment box of initiative noise reduction equipment, and telescopic end and the one end of connecting rod of telescopic actuating element are connected, and the other end and the push plate of connecting rod are connected, and the push plate passes through the push rod respectively and is connected with each telescopic sleeve.
3. The noise reduction device for coupling active and passive noise reduction along the line of the high-speed train according to claim 2, wherein the telescopic sleeve is of a three-layer structure, the inner layer and the outer layer form a fixed cylinder, the middle layer is a pushing cylinder, one end of the fixed cylinder is connected with the insulating cylinder, and the pushing rod is connected with the pushing cylinder.
4. The noise reduction device for the high-speed train line coupling active and passive noise reduction according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric film is connected with a voltage stabilizer through a wire, and the voltage stabilizer is connected with a storage battery.
5. The high speed train line noise reduction device coupling active and passive noise reduction according to claim 1, wherein the active noise reduction apparatus comprises an apparatus box, a speaker, and an active noise reduction controller; an array formed by a plurality of speakers is distributed in the equipment box, the speaker array is electrically connected with an active noise reduction controller, the active noise reduction controller has noise collection and processing functions, and the speaker array emits anti-noise.
CN202310339924.3A 2023-04-03 2023-04-03 High-speed train line noise reduction device capable of coupling active noise reduction with passive noise reduction Pending CN116343737A (en)

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CN202310339924.3A CN116343737A (en) 2023-04-03 2023-04-03 High-speed train line noise reduction device capable of coupling active noise reduction with passive noise reduction

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