CN116341183A - Alternating current/direct current power distribution network optimization design method and system - Google Patents
Alternating current/direct current power distribution network optimization design method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimal design method of an alternating current/direct current power distribution network, which comprises the steps of obtaining data information of an area to be analyzed; performing characteristic analysis of an AC/DC power distribution network; performing AC/DC power distribution network development demand analysis on the area to be analyzed; planning an AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed; and carrying out the optimal design of the AC/DC power distribution network in the area to be analyzed. The invention also discloses a system for realizing the optimal design method of the AC/DC power distribution network. The alternating current/direct current power distribution network optimization design method and system provided by the invention not only realize the alternating current/direct current power distribution network optimization design through the design of the innovative optimization design scheme, but also have high reliability, good integrity and objectivity and science.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrical automation, and particularly relates to an alternating current/direct current power distribution network optimization design method and system.
Background
Along with the development of economic technology and the improvement of living standard of people, electric energy becomes an indispensable secondary energy source in the production and living of people, and brings endless convenience to the production and living of people. Therefore, ensuring stable and reliable operation of electric energy becomes one of the most important tasks of the electric power system.
The development of the flexible direct current distribution network can be regarded as the application and deepening of the flexible direct current transmission technology in the distribution field, and is mainly used for constructing the energy internet of the hybrid interconnection of the future alternating current and direct current systems. At present, most of the power grid systems in China are mainly conventional alternating current power distribution networks, but the conventional alternating current power distribution networks have increasingly difficult to meet the development requirements of the current power systems:
firstly, the traditional power distribution grid structure is difficult to meet the new energy access requirement. Along with the access of a large number of distributed power supplies and direct current loads, the traditional power distribution network power supply is changed from unidirectional transmission to bidirectional interaction, a single net rack is switched into a plurality of net racks, and a single load is changed into a plurality of loads. The balance and stability of the original power grid are destroyed due to the characteristics of strong randomness and strong fluctuation of the distributed power supply. The access of the distributed power supply changes the original topological structure, and the linear topological structure is converted into the nonlinear topological structure, so that the power flow of the power grid is changed, and the original control of the power flow of the power distribution network is lost. Therefore, under the targets of high safety and high reliability, new demands are put forward on novel topological structures of flexible and various power distribution networks.
Then, the traditional power distribution network is insufficient in new energy bearing capacity.
Finally, when the power distribution network is used for coping with the access of new energy, the operation efficiency is low. The distributed power supply and load permeability of each feeder line in each region are different, the load rate is unbalanced in time and space, and the transregional power regulation capability is insufficient, so that the overall utilization rate is reduced.
Thus, the current conventional power distribution racks have gradually begun to no longer accommodate the rapidly evolving needs of today's power systems. However, no complete and reliable optimal design method for an alternating current/direct current power distribution network exists at present; this clearly severely constrains the development of the power system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optimal design method of an alternating current/direct current power distribution network, which has high reliability, good integrity and objectivity and science.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a system for realizing the optimal design method of the AC/DC power distribution network.
The invention provides an optimal design method of an alternating current/direct current power distribution network, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring data information of an area to be analyzed;
s2, analyzing the characteristics of the AC/DC power distribution network according to the data information obtained in the step S1;
s3, analyzing the development demand of the AC/DC power distribution network in the area to be analyzed;
s4, planning an AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the analysis result obtained in the step S3;
s5, performing optimal design of the AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the planning result of the step S4.
The step S2 of analyzing the characteristics of the AC/DC power distribution network specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a reliability evaluation rule of an AC/DC power distribution network: calculating the reliability of the topological structure of the AC/DC power distribution network by adopting a minimum path method; taking each load point in the network topology as a research object, calculating each load point to obtain a minimum path of the load point, and converting the influence of element faults on a non-minimum path on the reliability of the load point to a corresponding minimum path node to obtain the reliability of each load point;
setting an economic evaluation rule of an AC/DC power distribution network: estimating the equipment cost of an AC/DC power distribution network; estimating primary equipment investment of an AC/DC power distribution network; estimating the equipment transmission efficiency of the AC/DC power distribution network; estimating the system transmission loss rate of the AC/DC power distribution network; and according to the estimation result, the economic evaluation of the AC/DC power distribution network is completed.
The step S3 of analyzing the development requirement of the AC/DC power distribution network in the area to be analyzed specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) providing a dividing principle of the typical application scene, analyzing scene dividing key indexes through demonstration engineering construction conditions, providing basis for assignment of related parameter indexes, and finally establishing the AC/DC typical application scene with differentiated characteristics according to an example result and combination of reality.
The step S4 of planning the AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed specifically comprises the following steps:
planning principles: according to the differential application requirements of different typical scenes on the AC/DC power distribution network, a planning and design principle of adapting to the voltage level, grid structure, wiring mode, grounding mode, equipment selection and user access of the AC/DC power distribution network of the typical scene of the area to be analyzed is provided;
the networking method comprises the following steps: according to networking modes selected from different typical scenes, performing research on an AC/DC hybrid power distribution network networking method from the aspects of a primary networking method and a secondary control strategy;
planning flow: the process for setting the planning scheme of the medium-low voltage direct current power distribution system comprises the following steps:
A. and (5) analyzing the current situation and predicting the demand. Analyzing social economy and basic conditions (grid foundations, load conditions, alternating current voltage levels and the like) of a power grid in a scene, predicting the charge storage demand (diversified load predictions such as a distributed power supply, an electric vehicle charging pile and a data center) according to the diversified trend of energy and the endowment of energy resources, and simultaneously determining the interaction level of the supply and the demand of the source;
B. and (5) determining an application scene. Based on the previous step, analyzing according to basic conditions such as power grid characteristics, characteristic requirements, source network load storage scale and the like, combining characteristic matching of typical application scenes, and defining specific application scenes of medium-low voltage direct current distribution in three seven kinds of scenes;
C. and (5) determining a voltage level. According to different application scenes, alternating current system voltage, load prediction, distributed power supply and direct current load demand prediction, comprehensively determining a direct current voltage class sequence after technical and economic analysis;
D. and (5) determining a networking mode. Determining AC/DC power grid connection equipment and networking modes according to different application scenes, reliability requirements, load scale level, economy and other factors, and finally determining different grid structures;
E. and determining the grounding and wiring modes. Comprehensively considering the type of connecting equipment, the wiring mode of an inverter, the system safety and the personal safety requirements, and determining the grounding and wiring modes of the medium-low voltage direct current power distribution system;
F. and (5) secondary system configuration. Performing primary and secondary system configuration according to application scenes and actual demands to form a planning scheme of a medium-low voltage direct current distribution system in a typical application scene;
G. and (5) formulating a control strategy. And (3) formulating a control strategy according to different typical scenes and power supply reliability requirements.
And step S5, according to the planning result of the step S4, performing the optimal design of the AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed, and specifically comprising the following steps:
and respectively selecting a direct current load concentration area, a distributed power supply concentration area and a source load storage direct current mixing area as typical areas, and compiling an alternating current/direct current power distribution network planning scheme according to area development planning, direct current load, new energy and energy storage development requirements to complete the optimal design of the alternating current/direct current power distribution network of the area to be analyzed.
The invention also discloses a system for realizing the optimal design method of the AC/DC power distribution network, which specifically comprises a data acquisition module, a characteristic analysis module, a demand analysis module, a power grid planning module and an optimal design module; the data acquisition module, the characteristic analysis module, the demand analysis module, the power grid planning module and the optimal design module are sequentially connected in series; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data information of the area to be analyzed and uploading the data to the characteristic analysis module; the characteristic analysis module is used for carrying out characteristic analysis of the AC/DC power distribution network according to the received data and uploading the data to the demand analysis module; the demand analysis module is used for analyzing the development demand of the AC/DC power distribution network in the area to be analyzed according to the received data and uploading the data to the power grid planning module; the power grid planning module is used for planning an alternating current/direct current power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the received data, and uploading the data to the optimization design module; and the optimal design module is used for carrying out optimal design of the AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the received data.
The alternating current/direct current power distribution network optimization design method and system provided by the invention not only realize the alternating current/direct current power distribution network optimization design through the design of the innovative optimization design scheme, but also have high reliability, good integrity and objectivity and science.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ac/dc typical application scenario of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the primary system of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A schematic process flow diagram of the method of the present invention is shown in fig. 1: the invention provides an optimal design method of an alternating current/direct current power distribution network, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring data information of an area to be analyzed;
s2, analyzing the characteristics of the AC/DC power distribution network according to the data information obtained in the step S1; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a reliability evaluation rule of an AC/DC power distribution network: calculating the reliability of the topological structure of the AC/DC power distribution network by adopting a minimum path method; taking each load point in the network topology as a research object, calculating each load point to obtain a minimum path of the load point, and converting the influence of element faults on a non-minimum path on the reliability of the load point to a corresponding minimum path node to obtain the reliability of each load point; therefore, the reliability index of each load point only needs to calculate the minimum road element and the node;
setting an economic evaluation rule of an AC/DC power distribution network: estimating the equipment cost of an AC/DC power distribution network; estimating primary equipment investment of an AC/DC power distribution network; estimating the equipment transmission efficiency of the AC/DC power distribution network; estimating the system transmission loss rate of the AC/DC power distribution network; according to the estimation result, the economic evaluation of the AC/DC power distribution network is completed;
s3, analyzing the development demand of the AC/DC power distribution network in the area to be analyzed; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of providing a dividing principle of a typical application scene, analyzing scene dividing key indexes through demonstration engineering construction conditions, providing basis for assignment of related parameter indexes, and finally establishing an alternating current-direct current typical application scene with differentiated characteristics according to an example result and combination of reality;
in specific implementation, based on the technical requirements of a 3-large direct-current power distribution network and the charge storage characteristics of 7 source networks, 7 alternating-current and direct-current typical application scenes are provided according to three aspects of a direct-current load concentration area, a distributed power supply concentration area and a source charge storage direct-current mixing area, as shown in fig. 2;
s4, planning an AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the analysis result obtained in the step S3; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
planning principles: according to the different application requirements of different typical scenes on the AC/DC power distribution network, providing planning and design principles of adapting to the voltage level, grid structure, wiring mode, grounding mode, equipment selection, user access and the like of the AC/DC power distribution network of the typical scene of the area to be analyzed;
the networking method comprises the following steps: according to networking modes selected from different typical scenes, performing research on an AC/DC hybrid power distribution network networking method from the aspects of a primary networking method and a secondary control strategy;
planning flow: from aspects of control protection, communication network and the like, the secondary system configuration of the AC/DC power distribution network adapting to typical scenes is provided; the flow of a typical medium-low voltage direct current power distribution system planning scheme mainly comprises the following steps:
A. current situation analysis and demand prediction: analyzing social economy and basic conditions (grid foundations, load conditions, alternating current voltage levels and the like) of a power grid in a scene, predicting the charge storage demand (diversified load predictions such as a distributed power supply, an electric vehicle charging pile and a data center) according to the diversified trend of energy and the endowment of energy resources, and simultaneously determining the interaction level of the supply and the demand of the source;
B. application scene determination: based on the previous step, analyzing according to basic conditions such as power grid characteristics, characteristic requirements, source network load storage scale and the like, combining characteristic matching of typical application scenes, and defining specific application scenes of medium-low voltage direct current distribution in three seven kinds of scenes;
C. voltage class determination: according to different application scenes, alternating current system voltage, load prediction, distributed power supply and direct current load demand prediction, comprehensively determining a direct current voltage class sequence after technical and economic analysis;
D. networking mode determination: determining AC/DC power grid connection equipment and networking modes according to different application scenes, reliability requirements, load scale level, economy and other factors, and finally determining different grid structures;
E. and (3) determining a grounding and wiring mode: comprehensively considering the type of connecting equipment, the wiring mode of an inverter, the system safety and the personal safety requirements, and determining the grounding and wiring modes of the medium-low voltage direct current power distribution system;
F. secondary system configuration: performing primary and secondary system configuration according to application scenes and actual demands to form a planning scheme of a medium-low voltage direct current distribution system in a typical application scene;
G. and (3) formulating a control strategy: according to different typical scenes and power supply reliability requirements, a control strategy is formulated;
s5, carrying out optimal design of the AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the planning result of the step S4; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and respectively selecting a direct current load concentration area, a distributed power supply concentration area and a source load storage direct current mixing area as typical areas, and compiling an alternating current/direct current power distribution network planning scheme according to area development planning, direct current load, new energy and energy storage development requirements to complete the optimal design of the alternating current/direct current power distribution network of the area to be analyzed.
The method of the invention is further described in connection with one embodiment as follows:
based on the existing spare resources of the national network Hunan through the office place of the college, a replicable and generalized AC/DC hybrid micro-grid virtual power plant platform demonstration project is created by constructing a multi-energy complementary system which integrates wind, light, storage and charging and comprises a plurality of distributed new energy sources, and the floor application and demonstration introduction of a multipoint access scheme of the national network company are realized. The platform mainly provides research, exploration, test and verification for characteristics of a multi-type energy storage micro-grid, energy storage big data, control strategies, fusion terminals, load measurement and control, low-voltage transformer area interconnection balance, alternating current and direct current flexible power supply, virtual power plants, demand response mechanisms, electricity price policy mechanisms and the like through collecting relevant data of micro-grid operation, and simultaneously provides functions of display, demonstration, training, achievement conversion and the like, so that comprehensive power utilization is realized, power supply reliability and clean energy in-situ consumption capability are improved, and the energy-saving emission-reducing low-carbon environment-friendly requirements are realized.
The provincial company center distribution room sets up 3 1600kVA transformers altogether, interconnects and segments through tie switch every two between the transformers, and No. 2 transformers adopt two branch wiring. The No. 1 transformer is mainly used for loads such as illumination of buildings, machine rooms, kitchens and the like, the No. 2 transformer is mainly used for loads such as air conditioners, power, information centers and the like, and the No. 3 transformer is mainly used for power loads such as elevators, fire pumps, living water pumps, exhaust fans and the like.
The power supply of the ground building is mainly taken from the 2 bus of the No. 2 transformer, and the rest loads of the No. 2 transformer are mainly as follows: the power distribution center uses power certainly, information center, advertising light, fills electric pile, communication computer lab, air conditioner, life water pump, fire control center, power load such as elevator.
The power supply is supplied by 7 loops through the ground building, namely, a south office lighting DF1, a second office power box DF3, a second office fire fighting DF5, a second office power box DF2, a second office warehouse power box, a second office machine room and a second office fire fighting for standby. Wherein 5 routes set up on 2 transformer 2 is female, and south office illumination DF1, two office power box DF3, two office fire control DF5, two office power box DF2, two office warehouse power box are arranged at two face distribution panels. In addition, 2 paths are arranged on the No. 3 transformer, a second machine room and a second fire-fighting machine are used, and the power supply is taken from the rest distribution panels.
Two transformers are respectively connected in 2 times, wherein 1 time is considered to be connected in a power distribution system of a building through a research institute (namely, a No. 2 transformer is connected in), and 1 time is considered to be connected in an I-section bus with main load of illumination (namely, a No. 1 transformer), and a system diagram is shown in 3.1-2 in detail. A new internet surfing switch is additionally arranged between the 1-turn bus and the I-section bus, and according to the field condition of a distribution room, a 02 screen is a standby screen, and the internet surfing switch is arranged on the 02 screen. And 2, connecting the power distribution board back to the building through a college, adding a main switch between the power distribution board and a 2-number transformer 2, adding a power distribution board, adding a power grid inlet switch, and correspondingly adding a micro-grid on-line switch. According to the experimental requirement of the ground, the simulated fault device is additionally considered, the influence on the electricity consumption of the office building is reduced in the experimental process, the simulated fault generation loop is arranged on the newly added line distribution board of the ground, and a switch is additionally arranged between the simulated fault loop and the original distribution board, so that the electricity consumption of the ground building is not influenced in the experimental process. The primary system is shown in fig. 3;
the AC/DC micro-grid integrated monitoring system adopts a three-layer structure mode, namely, the system is divided into a micro-grid integrated monitoring master station layer, a micro-grid operation control layer and a micro-grid on-site control layer, and the functions of the layers are as follows:
(1) AC/DC micro-grid comprehensive control master station layer (platform layer)
The basic function of the micro-grid comprehensive control master station system is to monitor real-time operation data of the micro-grid, and meanwhile, the micro-grid comprehensive monitoring master station system can also realize advanced application functions such as distributed power generation prediction, load prediction, power quality analysis, power statistics analysis, reactive power optimization and the like. And the micro-grid comprehensive monitoring master station system establishes micro-grid system optimization scheduling and energy management strategies under the multi-constraint condition according to real-time operation data and by combining application analysis results such as distributed power generation prediction, load prediction and the like, and issues the established strategies to the micro-grid operation controller.
(2) AC/DC micro-grid operation control layer
The AC/DC micro-grid operation control layer consists of a central AC/DC coordination control device, an on-site coordination control device and a fusion terminal. Micro-grid operation control layer function:
the central AC/DC coordination control device is mainly responsible for receiving, translating and executing a control strategy issued by a platform master station to complete an operation control task of the main AC/DC micro-grid, and has the main functions of: conventional operation control of an AC/DC micro-grid, power control of a connecting wire, switching of the AC/DC micro-grid from the grid, monitoring of a distributed power generation unit, load balancing of a platform area, AC/DC power supply and the like.
The on-site coordination control device can realize quick communication with the central AC/DC coordination control device, realize the command issued by the central AC/DC coordination control device to the on-site coordination control device, and under the condition that the central AC/DC coordination control device fails or communication is not linked, the on-site coordination control device can realize on-site light storage and charge coordination control, so that the normal and stable operation of the system is ensured. Intelligent fusion terminal
1 set of intelligent fusion terminals are respectively configured on the low-voltage side of the main transformer, and the intelligent fusion terminals have the functions of alternating current sampling, electric energy meter acquisition, main transformer state monitoring, event reporting and the like; the system is compatible with the Internet of things management platform and can interact with a power consumption information acquisition system master station and a power distribution automation system master station; the method supports the timing or random sending of information collected and stored by the terminal to the master station according to the requirement of the command of the master station.
The intelligent fusion terminals support the functions of power transfer, fault transfer and comprehensive treatment of electric energy quality of grid-connected operation among the stations of the low-voltage flexible interconnection, so that the rapid interaction and analysis processing of information among the stations are realized.
The basic protection of the intelligent fusion terminal should adopt a cryptographic algorithm; a security chip is adopted to realize the secure interaction of terminal data and the generation, storage and use of a secret key used for secure access of the terminal; the access master station realizes bidirectional identity authentication when the terminal is accessed to the gateway based on the digital certificate, and establishes an encryption tunnel between the terminal and the gateway; the method of combining the unique device identifier and the digital certificate is adopted to realize the bidirectional identity authentication when the terminal is accessed to the master station.
(3) Micro-grid in-situ control layer
The micro-grid in-situ control layer mainly comprises key equipment for realizing the micro-grid control function by an in-situ coordination control device, wherein the main control equipment comprises: the system comprises a distributed power generation control unit (photovoltaic inverter, photovoltaic DCDC and the like), an energy storage converter (PCS, DCDC), an AC/DC power distribution switch, a low-voltage AC/DC flexible interface device and the like. The on-site control layer equipment completes related operations by executing control instructions of the central AC/DC coordination control device, and realizes the operation control function of the AC/DC micro-grid.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of the system of the present invention: the system for realizing the optimal design method of the AC/DC power distribution network comprises a data acquisition module, a characteristic analysis module, a demand analysis module, a power grid planning module and an optimal design module; the data acquisition module, the characteristic analysis module, the demand analysis module, the power grid planning module and the optimal design module are sequentially connected in series; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data information of the area to be analyzed and uploading the data to the characteristic analysis module; the characteristic analysis module is used for carrying out characteristic analysis of the AC/DC power distribution network according to the received data and uploading the data to the demand analysis module; the demand analysis module is used for analyzing the development demand of the AC/DC power distribution network in the area to be analyzed according to the received data and uploading the data to the power grid planning module; the power grid planning module is used for planning an alternating current/direct current power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the received data, and uploading the data to the optimization design module; and the optimal design module is used for carrying out optimal design of the AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the received data.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. flexible partition interconnection can be realized: the traditional AC power grid has poor power supply reliability in open-loop operation, and the problems of exceeding standard of short-circuit current and electromagnetic looped network exist in closed-loop operation. The direct current power grid has no phase angle difference problem, so that flexible partition interconnection of the alternating current grid can be realized through the direct current converter, on one hand, through different alternating current power supply partitions or closed loop operation of a plurality of alternating current lines in a multi-port flexible direct link, the influence of various alternating current faults is effectively isolated, meanwhile, the rapid switching of multiple power supplies under the fault condition is realized, the transmission range of the alternating current faults is limited, and the power supply reliability of the system is improved; on the other hand, through the control of the direct current converter, the short-circuit current of the power grid can be effectively limited, the safety of power grid equipment is protected, meanwhile, the regional power grid power flow is uniformly distributed, and the utilization rate of the power grid equipment is improved;
2. the method meets the requirements of more efficient access of new energy: the alternating-current distribution network is connected with wind-solar storage charging through a multistage energy conversion device formed by corresponding DC-DC, DC-AC, AC-DC and other power electronic converters, so that the conversion link is increased, the overall efficiency of the system is reduced, and the electric energy quality and the power supply reliability are reduced. If the AC/DC power distribution network with proper voltage class is connected, on one hand, the AC conversion link of the converter can be omitted, and the overall energy efficiency of the system can be improved by at least more than 2 percent; on the other hand, the direct-current power distribution has no stability problems such as frequency drift, power angle step-out and the like existing in the alternating-current power distribution, and reliable and stable access of wind power, photovoltaic and a charging system can be realized only through direct-current voltage control;
3. can provide safe and reliable power supply: the AC/DC power distribution network can provide safe, reliable and high-quality power supply for users, and mainly shows the following three aspects. Firstly, the direct current voltage of entering a house is divided into 375V and 48V voltage classes based on the power consumption, and the personnel active area adopts 48V direct current power supply, so that the electric shock damage inhibition capability of a human body can be effectively improved, and the power consumption safety is improved. And secondly, compared with the accident handling time and influence of the traditional alternating current distribution network above the second level, the direct current distribution network can reach the millisecond level, and the power supply stability and reliability are obviously improved. Thirdly, the energy storage devices such as the super capacitor and the storage battery can be connected, so that the electric energy quality such as voltage flicker and voltage drop can be effectively solved, and a high-quality power supply can be provided for loads;
4. the transmission capacity is larger: when the line construction cost and the occupied corridor width are the same, the transmission power of the direct current line is about 1.5 times of that of the alternating current line, namely, the direct current/alternating current distribution network with direct current distribution can effectively improve the power supply capacity or the power supply radius, and long-distance transmission can be realized.
5. The line loss is smaller: the dc link loss is approximately 54% of the ac when the same link delivers the same amount of power. Even if the line loss of the ac distribution network can be reduced by adding reactive compensation equipment or the like, this will increase the construction cost of the system and its complexity.
Claims (6)
1. An optimal design method of an AC/DC power distribution network comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring data information of an area to be analyzed;
s2, analyzing the characteristics of the AC/DC power distribution network according to the data information obtained in the step S1;
s3, analyzing the development demand of the AC/DC power distribution network in the area to be analyzed;
s4, planning an AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the analysis result obtained in the step S3;
s5, performing optimal design of the AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the planning result of the step S4.
2. The method for optimally designing an ac/dc power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 of performing the characteristic analysis of the ac/dc power distribution network specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a reliability evaluation rule of an AC/DC power distribution network: calculating the reliability of the topological structure of the AC/DC power distribution network by adopting a minimum path method; taking each load point in the network topology as a research object, calculating each load point to obtain a minimum path of the load point, and converting the influence of element faults on a non-minimum path on the reliability of the load point to a corresponding minimum path node to obtain the reliability of each load point;
setting an economic evaluation rule of an AC/DC power distribution network: estimating the equipment cost of an AC/DC power distribution network; estimating primary equipment investment of an AC/DC power distribution network; estimating the equipment transmission efficiency of the AC/DC power distribution network; estimating the system transmission loss rate of the AC/DC power distribution network; and according to the estimation result, the economic evaluation of the AC/DC power distribution network is completed.
3. The method for optimally designing an ac/dc power distribution network according to claim 2, wherein the step S3 of analyzing the development requirement of the ac/dc power distribution network in the area to be analyzed specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) providing a dividing principle of the typical application scene, analyzing scene dividing key indexes through demonstration engineering construction conditions, providing basis for assignment of related parameter indexes, and finally establishing the AC/DC typical application scene with differentiated characteristics according to an example result and combination of reality.
4. The method for optimally designing an ac/dc power distribution network according to claim 3, wherein the step S4 of planning the ac/dc power distribution network in the area to be analyzed specifically comprises the following steps:
planning principles: according to the different application requirements of different typical scenes on the AC/DC power distribution network, providing planning and design principles of adapting to the voltage level, grid structure, wiring mode, grounding mode, equipment selection, user access and the like of the AC/DC power distribution network of the typical scene of the area to be analyzed;
the networking method comprises the following steps: according to networking modes selected from different typical scenes, performing research on an AC/DC hybrid power distribution network networking method from the aspects of a primary networking method and a secondary control strategy;
planning flow: the process for setting the planning scheme of the medium-low voltage direct current power distribution system comprises the following steps:
A. current situation analysis and demand prediction: analyzing social economy and basic conditions of a power grid in a scene, predicting the source load storage demand according to the energy source diversification trend and the energy source endowment, and simultaneously determining the source load supply and demand interaction level;
B. application scene determination: analyzing basic conditions such as power grid characteristics, characteristic requirements, source network charge storage scale and the like, and combining characteristic matching of typical application scenes to define specific application scenes of medium-low voltage direct current distribution in three seven kinds of scenes;
C. voltage class determination: comprehensively determining a direct-current voltage class sequence according to different application scenes, alternating-current system voltage, load prediction, distributed power supply and direct-current load demand prediction;
D. networking mode determination: determining AC/DC power grid connection equipment and networking modes according to different application scenes, reliability requirements, load scale level and economic factors, and finally determining different grid structures;
E. and (3) determining a grounding and wiring mode: comprehensively considering the type of connecting equipment, the wiring mode of an inverter, the system safety and the personal safety requirements, and determining the grounding and wiring modes of the medium-low voltage direct current power distribution system;
F. secondary system configuration: performing primary and secondary system configuration according to application scenes and actual demands to form a planning scheme of a medium-low voltage direct current distribution system in a typical application scene;
G. and (3) formulating a control strategy: and (3) formulating a control strategy according to different typical scenes and power supply reliability requirements.
5. The method for optimally designing an ac/dc power distribution network according to claim 4, wherein the step S5 is performed according to the planning result of the step S4, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and respectively selecting a direct current load concentration area, a distributed power supply concentration area and a source load storage direct current mixing area as typical areas, and compiling an alternating current/direct current power distribution network planning scheme according to area development planning, direct current load, new energy and energy storage development requirements to complete the optimal design of the alternating current/direct current power distribution network of the area to be analyzed.
6. A system for realizing the optimal design method of the alternating current/direct current power distribution network according to one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a characteristic analysis module, a demand analysis module, a power grid planning module and an optimal design module; the data acquisition module, the characteristic analysis module, the demand analysis module, the power grid planning module and the optimal design module are sequentially connected in series; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data information of the area to be analyzed and uploading the data to the characteristic analysis module; the characteristic analysis module is used for carrying out characteristic analysis of the AC/DC power distribution network according to the received data and uploading the data to the demand analysis module; the demand analysis module is used for analyzing the development demand of the AC/DC power distribution network in the area to be analyzed according to the received data and uploading the data to the power grid planning module; the power grid planning module is used for planning an alternating current/direct current power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the received data, and uploading the data to the optimization design module; and the optimal design module is used for carrying out optimal design of the AC/DC power distribution network of the area to be analyzed according to the received data.
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