CN116341092A - Frame beam optimization method, system, beam and vehicle - Google Patents

Frame beam optimization method, system, beam and vehicle Download PDF

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CN116341092A
CN116341092A CN202211216355.5A CN202211216355A CN116341092A CN 116341092 A CN116341092 A CN 116341092A CN 202211216355 A CN202211216355 A CN 202211216355A CN 116341092 A CN116341092 A CN 116341092A
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CN116341092B (en
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杨俊青
令海强
金涛
朱平平
尚健
王玺玉
秦俊
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Dongfeng Huashen Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

The application relates to a frame cross beam optimization method, and relates to the field of automobile optimization. It comprises the following steps: decomposing the CAD model of the whole vehicle into a beam model and a residual model; establishing a finite element model according to the residual model, and performing reduced-order processing on the finite element model to obtain a reduced-order model; establishing a full-parameterized beam model according to the beam model, and realizing non-spatial assembly of the full-parameterized beam model and the residual model through a node ID number corresponding relation to obtain an assembly model; applying the whole vehicle working condition on the working condition applying point according to the node ID number to obtain a working condition model, wherein the whole vehicle working condition comprises a torsion working condition and a bending working condition; loading the whole vehicle optimization variable, the corresponding constraint and the optimization target into the working condition model to obtain an optimization result; queuing the optimization result, and leading out a visual comparison result. The invention solves the problem that structural design engineers cannot directly optimize variable design by parameters.

Description

车架横梁优化方法、系统、横梁及车辆Frame beam optimization method, system, beam and vehicle

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及汽车优化领域,特别涉及一种车架横梁优化方法、系统、横梁及车辆。The present application relates to the field of automobile optimization, in particular to a frame beam optimization method, system, beam and vehicle.

背景技术Background technique

目前的车架横梁在设计过程中,由于现有的车架横梁的结构设计工程师无法直接获取车架横梁的参数优化变量,其需要频繁地与车架横梁的CAE仿真人员进行沟通,以根据CAE仿真人员所提供的优化参数对车架横梁进行优化,从而满足整车设计需要的车架横梁。During the design process of the current frame beam, because the structural design engineer of the existing frame beam cannot directly obtain the parameter optimization variables of the frame beam, it needs to communicate frequently with the CAE simulation personnel of the frame beam to obtain the parameters according to the CAE The optimization parameters provided by the simulator optimize the frame beams to meet the frame beams required by the vehicle design.

由于上述现有技术方案中,车架横梁的结构设计工程师在频繁地与车架横梁的CAE仿真人员沟通过程中,需要耗费大量时间,从而导致现有的车架横梁优化方法的效率较低,因此,有必要进行改进。Due to the above-mentioned existing technical solutions, the structural design engineer of the frame beam needs to spend a lot of time in the process of frequently communicating with the CAE simulation personnel of the frame beam, which leads to the low efficiency of the existing frame beam optimization method. Therefore, it is necessary to improve.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本申请实施例提供一种车架横梁优化方法,以解决现有的车架横梁优化方法的效率较低的问题。The embodiment of the present application provides a method for optimizing a frame beam to solve the problem of low efficiency of the existing method for optimizing a frame beam.

第一方面,提供了一种车架横梁优化方法,其包括:将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型;根据所述剩余模型建立有限元模,并对所述有限元模型进行降阶处理,得到降阶模型;根据所述横梁模型建立全参数化横梁模型,并将所述全参数化横梁模型与所述降阶模型通过节点ID编号对应关系实现非空间装配,得到装配模;根据节点ID编号在工况施加点上对所述装配模型施加整车工,得到工况模型;向所述工况模型中加载整车优化变量、相应、约束和优化目标,得到优化结果;根据所述优化结果生成优化后的横梁优化模型。In the first aspect, a method for optimizing a vehicle frame beam is provided, which includes: decomposing the vehicle CAD model into a beam model and a residual model; establishing a finite element model according to the residual model, and reducing the order of the finite element model processing to obtain a reduced-order model; set up a full-parameterized beam model according to the beam model, and realize non-space assembly between the fully-parameterized beam model and the reduced-order model through the node ID number correspondence to obtain an assembly model; The node ID number is applied to the assembly model at the working condition application point to obtain the working condition model; load the vehicle optimization variable, corresponding, constraint and optimization target into the working condition model to obtain the optimization result; according to the Based on the above optimization results, the optimized beam optimization model is generated.

一些实施例中,所述将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型,包括:将整车CAD模型中的所有横梁从所述整车CAD模型中剔除出来,得到横梁模型;将整车CAD模型中纵梁与横梁链接的孔位做标注化处理,得到标注化孔位;将所述标注化孔位和整车CAD模型中除横梁模型以外的部分共同作为所述剩余模型。In some embodiments, the decomposing the vehicle CAD model into beam models and remaining models includes: removing all beams in the vehicle CAD model from the vehicle CAD model to obtain the beam model; The hole positions connecting the longitudinal beam and the crossbeam in the model are marked, and the marked hole positions are obtained; the marked hole positions and the part of the vehicle CAD model other than the crossbeam model are jointly used as the remaining model.

一些实施例中,所述降阶模型用于反映横梁外接节点及工况加载节点之间的刚度矩阵、质量矩阵、阻尼矩阵及模态振型关系。In some embodiments, the reduced-order model is used to reflect the stiffness matrix, mass matrix, damping matrix and mode shape relationship between the circumscribed node of the beam and the loading node of the working condition.

一些实施例中,将所述全参数化横梁模型与所述剩余模型通过节点ID编号对应关系实现非空间装配,得到装配模型,包括:根据拓扑连接关系对所述全参数化横梁模型进行分类,得到多个CAD参数化模型;通过二次开发,将多个所述CAD参数化模型按照既定网格划分标准自动建立有限元模型,得到横梁有限元模型;识别所述横梁的安装方向,并根据方向纵梁的螺栓安装节点编号规则对横梁的螺栓安装孔中心节点进行重编号,得到节点ID编号;根据节点算法关系,让所述横梁有限元模型与所述降阶模型通过相同的节点ID编号实现非空间装配,得到装配模型。In some embodiments, the non-spatial assembly of the fully parameterized beam model and the remaining models is realized through the corresponding relationship of node ID numbers, and the assembly model is obtained, which includes: classifying the fully parameterized beam model according to the topological connection relationship, A plurality of CAD parametric models are obtained; through secondary development, a plurality of the CAD parametric models are automatically established according to the established grid division standard to obtain a beam finite element model; the installation direction of the beam is identified, and according to The bolt installation node numbering rule of the longitudinal beam renumbers the center node of the bolt installation hole of the beam to obtain the node ID number; according to the node algorithm relationship, let the beam finite element model and the reduced-order model pass the same node ID number Realize non-space assembly and get assembly model.

一些实施例中,所述向所述工况模型中加载整车优化变量、相应、约束和优化目标,得到优化结果,包括:将全参数化横梁模型中的参数进行优化,并将所述全参数化横梁模型中的参数作为优化变量;将优化变量、横梁应力响应和横梁质量响应加载至所述工况模型中,得到优化结果。In some embodiments, the loading of vehicle optimization variables, responses, constraints, and optimization objectives into the working condition model to obtain the optimization results includes: optimizing the parameters in the fully parameterized beam model, and adding the full The parameters in the parametric beam model are used as optimization variables; the optimization variables, beam stress response and beam mass response are loaded into the working condition model to obtain an optimization result.

一些实施例中,所述根据节点ID编号在工况施加点上对所述装配模型施加整车工况,得到工况模型,还包括:通过预设的工况加载点编号规则识别前后桥或鞍座的加载位置;通过设计工程师设定的工况,通过预设的加载规则将所述加载位置加载到所述工况模型的加载节点上,得到工况模型。In some embodiments, applying the whole vehicle working condition to the assembly model at the working condition application point according to the node ID number to obtain the working condition model further includes: identifying the front and rear axles or The loading position of the saddle; according to the working condition set by the design engineer, the loading position is loaded to the loading node of the working condition model through the preset loading rule to obtain the working condition model.

一些实施例中,所述根据所述优化结果生成优化后的横梁优化模型,包括:根据预设的结果排列规则对所述优化结果进行排序,得到排序结果;根据排序结果确定横梁最终参数,根据所述横梁最终参数自动生成优化后的CAD模型。In some embodiments, the generating the optimized beam optimization model according to the optimization results includes: sorting the optimization results according to the preset result arrangement rules to obtain the sorting results; determining the final parameters of the beam according to the sorting results, according to The final parameters of the beam automatically generate an optimized CAD model.

第二方面,本发明提供一种车架横梁优化系统,包括:模型分解模块,用于将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型;降阶处理模块,用于根据所述剩余模型建立有限元模型,并对所述有限元模型进行降阶处理,得到降阶模型;装配处理模块,用于根据所述横梁模型建立全参数化横梁模型,并将所述全参数化横梁模型与所述降阶模型通过节点ID编号对应关系实现非空间装配,得到装配模型;工况加载模块,用于根据节点ID编号在工况施加点上对所述装配模型施加整车工况,得到工况模型;优化处理模块,用于向所述工况模型中加载整车优化变量、相应、约束和优化目标,得到优化结果;模型再生模块,用于根据所述优化结果生成优化后的横梁优化模型。In the second aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle frame crossbeam optimization system, including: a model decomposition module, used to decompose the vehicle CAD model into a crossbeam model and a residual model; element model, and perform order reduction processing on the finite element model to obtain a reduced order model; an assembly processing module is used to establish a fully parameterized beam model according to the beam model, and combine the fully parameterized beam model with the The reduced-order model realizes non-spatial assembly through the corresponding relationship of node ID numbers to obtain the assembly model; the working condition loading module is used to apply the vehicle working condition to the assembly model at the working condition application point according to the node ID number to obtain the working condition model The optimization processing module is used to load the vehicle optimization variables, corresponding, constraints and optimization objectives into the working condition model to obtain the optimization result; the model regeneration module is used to generate the optimized beam optimization model according to the optimization result.

第三方面,本发明提供一种所述横梁由所述车架横梁优化方法优化后所得。In a third aspect, the present invention provides a cross beam obtained by optimizing the frame cross beam optimization method.

第四方面,本发明提供一种车辆,所述车辆包括所述的横梁。In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle, which includes the cross member.

本申请实施例提供了一种车架横梁优化方法、系统、横梁及车辆,包括获取横梁模型、剩余模型、降阶模型、装配模型、工况模型、优化结果和横梁优化模型,在得到横梁优化模型后,车架横梁的结构设计工程师只需要按照横梁优化模型中的优化参数对应的车架横梁即可实现车架横梁的优化,这样,本发明能让车架横梁的结构设计工程师独自完成参数优化变量设计和对车架横梁的优化处理,降低了结构设计工程师与CAE仿真人员沟通时间,提高了生产效率。The embodiment of the present application provides a frame beam optimization method, system, beam and vehicle, including obtaining beam model, residual model, order reduction model, assembly model, working condition model, optimization result and beam optimization model, and obtaining beam optimization After the model, the structural design engineer of the frame beam only needs to realize the optimization of the frame beam according to the optimization parameters in the beam optimization model. In this way, the present invention allows the structural design engineer of the frame beam to complete the parameter Optimizing variable design and optimizing processing of frame beams reduces the communication time between structural design engineers and CAE simulation personnel and improves production efficiency.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

图1为本申请实施例一所示车架横梁优化方法的流程示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for optimizing a vehicle frame beam shown in Embodiment 1 of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of this application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.

本申请实施例提供了一种车架横梁优化方法,其能解决相关技术中工程师无法直接参数优化变量设计的问题。需注意的是,若有实质上相同的结果,本发明的方法并不以图1所示的流程顺序为限。The embodiment of the present application provides a method for optimizing a vehicle frame beam, which can solve the problem in the related art that engineers cannot directly optimize variable design with parameters. It should be noted that the method of the present invention is not limited to the flow sequence shown in FIG. 1 if substantially the same result is obtained.

如图1所示,该车架横梁优化方法包括:As shown in Figure 1, the frame beam optimization method includes:

S1、将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型;S1, decomposing the vehicle CAD model into a beam model and a residual model;

其中,将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型的步骤包括:S11、将整车CAD模型中的所有横梁从所述整车CAD模型中剔除出来,得到横梁模型;S12、将整车CAD模型中纵梁与横梁链接的孔位做标注化处理,得到标注化孔位;S13、将所述标注化孔位和整车CAD模型中除横梁模型以外的部分共同作为所述剩余模型。Wherein, the step of decomposing the whole vehicle CAD model into a crossbeam model and a remaining model comprises: S11, removing all crossbeams in the whole vehicle CAD model from the whole vehicle CAD model to obtain a crossbeam model; S12, dividing the whole vehicle CAD The hole positions connecting the longitudinal beam and the crossbeam in the model are marked to obtain the marked hole positions; S13, the marked hole positions and the part of the vehicle CAD model other than the crossbeam model are jointly used as the remaining model.

实际工作时,在所有规划车型中,根据市场需要精选出几种基础车型,或者需开发的新车型,将开发的整车CAD模型中去除所有横梁模型即可得到剩余模型,于此同时,将纵梁与横梁链接的孔位做标注化处理,如上下孔间距一般为30mm的倍数、前后孔间距一般为50mm的倍数。In actual work, among all planned models, several basic models or new models to be developed are selected according to market needs, and all beam models are removed from the developed vehicle CAD model to obtain the remaining model. At the same time, Mark the hole position connecting the longitudinal beam and the beam, such as the distance between the upper and lower holes is generally a multiple of 30mm, and the distance between the front and rear holes is generally a multiple of 50mm.

实际工作时,剩余模型中与横梁链接的螺栓孔节点编号重新编号,标号规则为以1开始的四位数,如1001、1002等。奇数为整车CAD模型中左纵梁螺栓连接点的节点编号,偶数为整车CAD模型中右纵梁螺栓连接点的节点编号。间距孔距是节点编号后延一位,孔距为标准孔距的两倍时,节点编号顺延两位。工况加载点(如轮胎接地点、牵引车的鞍座加载点等),例如,节点编号从1开始,100结束。In actual work, the bolt hole node numbers linked to the beams in the remaining models are renumbered, and the labeling rules are four digits starting with 1, such as 1001, 1002, etc. The odd number is the node number of the left longitudinal beam bolt connection point in the vehicle CAD model, and the even number is the node number of the right longitudinal beam bolt connection point in the vehicle CAD model. The hole pitch is one digit after the node number, and when the hole pitch is twice the standard hole pitch, the node number is extended by two digits. The loading point of the working condition (such as the tire contact point, the saddle loading point of the tractor, etc.), for example, the node number starts from 1 and ends at 100.

S2、根据所述剩余模型建立有限元模型,并对所述有限元模型进行降阶处理,得到降阶模型;S2. Establish a finite element model according to the remaining model, and perform order reduction processing on the finite element model to obtain a reduced order model;

实际工作时,在上述步骤S1的基础上建立CAE有限元模型,CAE有限元模型充分包含出横梁以外的所有模型(也及剩余模型),包含上装、板簧、车桥、轮胎等有限元模型。In actual work, the CAE finite element model is established on the basis of the above step S1. The CAE finite element model fully includes all models (and the remaining models) other than the beam, including the finite element models of bodywork, leaf springs, axles, tires, etc. .

实际工作时,降阶处理后的模型(也即降阶模型)用于反映横梁外接节点及工况加载节点之间的刚度矩阵、质量矩阵、阻尼矩阵及模态振型关系。In actual work, the reduced-order model (that is, the reduced-order model) is used to reflect the stiffness matrix, mass matrix, damping matrix, and mode shape relationship between the external nodes of the beam and the loading nodes of the working condition.

S3、根据所述横梁模型建立全参数化横梁模型,并将所述全参数化横梁模型与所述降阶模型通过节点ID编号对应关系实现非空间装配,得到装配模;S3. Establish a fully parametric beam model according to the beam model, and realize non-spatial assembly of the fully parameterized beam model and the reduced-order model through the corresponding relationship of node ID numbers to obtain an assembly model;

实际工作时,得到装配模型的步骤包括:S31、根据拓扑连接关系对所述全参数化横梁模型进行分类,得到多个CAD参数化模型;S32、通过二次开发,将多个所述CAD参数化模型按照既定网格划分标准自动建立有限元模型,得到横梁有限元模型;S33、识别所述横梁的安装方向,并根据方向纵梁的螺栓安装节点编号规则对横梁的螺栓安装孔中心节点进行重编号,得到节点ID编号;S34、根据节点算法关系,让所述横梁有限元模型与所述降阶模型通过相同的节点ID编号实现非空间装配,得到装配模型。During actual work, the step of obtaining the assembly model includes: S31. Classifying the fully parameterized beam model according to the topological connection relationship to obtain multiple CAD parameterized models; S32. Through secondary development, multiple CAD parameters The finite element model is automatically established according to the established grid division standard to obtain the beam finite element model; S33, identify the installation direction of the beam, and carry out the bolt installation hole central node of the beam according to the bolt installation node numbering rules of the direction longitudinal beam Renumber to obtain the node ID number; S34. According to the node algorithm relationship, let the beam finite element model and the reduced-order model realize non-spatial assembly through the same node ID number to obtain an assembly model.

实际工作时,本发明通过参数化建模,建立全参数化横梁模型,并根据拓扑连接关系进行分类。通过二次开发,将CAD参数化模型按照既定网格划分标准自动建立有限元模型,并根据参数的变化自动进行重新网格划分,避免了有限元软件网格尺寸的变形导致的网格质量失效,或者网格大小变化导致应力平均值不一致的情况(即随着网格变小,应力值会逐渐增大并趋近与一个数值)。In actual work, the present invention establishes a fully parametric beam model through parametric modeling, and classifies it according to the topological connection relationship. Through secondary development, the CAD parametric model is automatically established according to the established grid division standard, and the finite element model is automatically re-meshed according to the change of the parameters, which avoids the failure of the grid quality caused by the deformation of the grid size of the finite element software , or the change in grid size leads to inconsistent stress average values (that is, as the grid becomes smaller, the stress value will gradually increase and approach a value).

S4、根据节点ID编号在工况施加点上对所述装配模型施加整车工况,得到工况模型;S4. According to the node ID number, apply the vehicle working condition to the assembly model at the working condition application point to obtain the working condition model;

实际工作时,获取工况模型的步骤包括:S41、通过预设的工况加载点编号规则识别前后桥或鞍座的加载位置;S42、通过设计工程师设定的工况,通过预设的加载规则将所述加载位置加载到所述工况模型的加载节点上,得到工况模型。In actual work, the steps of obtaining the working condition model include: S41. Identify the loading positions of the front and rear axles or saddles through the preset numbering rules of the working condition loading points; S42. Through the working conditions set by the design engineer, through the preset loading points The rule loads the loading position to the loading node of the working condition model to obtain the working condition model.

S5、向所述工况模型中加载整车优化变量、相应、约束和优化目标,得到优化结果;S5. Loading vehicle optimization variables, responses, constraints, and optimization objectives into the working condition model to obtain an optimization result;

实际工作时,获取优化结果的步骤包括:S51、将全参数化横梁模型中的参数进行优化,并将所述全参数化横梁模型中的参数作为优化变量;S52、将优化变量、横梁应力响应和横梁质量响应加载至所述工况模型中,得到优化结果。In actual work, the step of obtaining the optimization result includes: S51, optimizing the parameters in the fully parameterized beam model, and using the parameters in the fully parameterized beam model as optimization variables; S52, optimizing the variables, beam stress response and the mass response of the beam are loaded into the working condition model to obtain the optimized results.

为了让优化结果更好,本步骤还包括:In order to make the optimization result better, this step also includes:

K1、通过二次开发,识别横梁安装方向,并根据方向纵梁的螺栓安装节点编号规则对横梁的螺栓安装孔中心节点进行重编号,并随着横梁前后安装位置的变化,自动调整节点编号;K1. Through secondary development, identify the installation direction of the beam, and renumber the central node of the bolt installation hole of the beam according to the numbering rules of the bolt installation node of the direction longitudinal beam, and automatically adjust the node number as the installation position of the beam changes before and after;

K2、根据节点算法关系,横梁与纵梁通过相同的节点ID编号实现自动装配,无需真正实现物理意义上的节点坐标重合。减少了设计工程师坐标调整的过程。K2. According to the node algorithm relationship, the beam and the longitudinal beam can be automatically assembled through the same node ID number, without actually realizing the coincidence of node coordinates in the physical sense. The process of coordinate adjustment by design engineers is reduced.

进一步的,在步骤K2中,可将多个横梁进行导入,系统会根据节点占用情况,自动关闭开启某个横梁的开启和关闭,通过先后顺序加载或卸载某个横梁。从而实现多横梁连接结构的DOE仿真分析。Further, in step K2, multiple beams can be imported, and the system will automatically turn on and off a certain beam according to the node occupancy, and load or unload a certain beam sequentially. In this way, the DOE simulation analysis of the multi-beam connection structure is realized.

进一步的,在步骤K2中,本发明还可以包含多模型优化方案,即本发明可生成多种基础整车的降阶模型,单个横梁连接结构可同时出现在多个车型的多个部位,优化过程中优化变量参数变化保持一致以保持多个车型中多个部位横梁模型的一致。Further, in step K2, the present invention can also include a multi-model optimization scheme, that is, the present invention can generate a variety of reduced-order models of the basic vehicle, and a single beam connection structure can appear in multiple parts of multiple vehicle models at the same time, optimizing In the process, the optimization variable parameter changes are kept consistent to keep the beam models of multiple parts in multiple models consistent.

S6、根据所述优化结果生成优化后的横梁优化模型。S6. Generate an optimized beam optimization model according to the optimization result.

实际工作时,获取横梁优化模型的步骤包括:S61、根据预设的结果排列规则对所述优化结果进行排序,得到排序结果;S62、根据排序结果确定横梁最终参数,根据所述横梁最终参数自动生成优化后的CAD模型。During actual work, the step of obtaining the beam optimization model includes: S61, sorting the optimization results according to the preset result arrangement rules, and obtaining the sorting results; S62, determining the final parameters of the beam according to the sorting results, and automatically according to the final parameters of the beam Generate optimized CAD models.

实际工作时,本发明可以将识别出的CAD模型参数列出,并让设计工程师(如结构工程师)进行确认,最终作为优化变量,横梁应力响应、横梁质量响应为系统自带响应自动加载。设计工程师(如结构工程师)可根据横梁材料自行设定应力约束值,可根据质量目标自行设定质量约束值,或设定质量为优化目标值。同时设计工程师可根据同类型车型的扭转刚度、弯曲刚度,模态目标设定扭转刚度约束、望去刚度约束及模态振型约束等。During actual work, the present invention can list the identified CAD model parameters, and allow design engineers (such as structural engineers) to confirm, and finally as optimization variables, the stress response of the beam and the mass response of the beam are automatically loaded by the system's own response. Design engineers (such as structural engineers) can set the stress constraint value according to the beam material, the quality constraint value can be set according to the quality target, or the quality can be set as the optimization target value. At the same time, design engineers can set torsional stiffness constraints, apparent stiffness constraints, and mode shape constraints based on the torsional stiffness, bending stiffness, and modal goals of the same type of vehicle.

实际工作时,优化过程结束后,系统自动对分析结果进行排序,设计工程师可根据设计质量,应力大小等进行排序。针对每种优化结果,会对每种横梁连接结构的适用性,以及每个参数变化对结果的影响做曲线、曲面或者柱状图,更加直观表现出每种参数对结果的影响;In actual work, after the optimization process is over, the system automatically sorts the analysis results, and the design engineer can sort them according to the design quality, stress, etc. For each optimization result, the applicability of each beam connection structure and the influence of each parameter change on the result will be drawn in a curve, surface or histogram, which will more intuitively show the influence of each parameter on the result;

实际工作时,车架设计工程师确定横梁最终参数后,软件根据最终确定参数,自动生成最终带参的CAD模型,可供车架设计工程师直接调用装配。In actual work, after the frame design engineer determines the final parameters of the beam, the software automatically generates the final CAD model with parameters according to the final parameters, which can be directly used by the frame design engineer for assembly.

第二方面,如图1所示,本发明的第二实施例提供一种车架横梁优化系统,包括:In the second aspect, as shown in FIG. 1 , the second embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle frame beam optimization system, including:

模型分解模块,用于将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型;The model decomposition module is used to decompose the CAD model of the whole vehicle into a beam model and a residual model;

降阶处理模块,用于根据所述剩余模型建立有限元模型,并对所述有限元模型进行降阶处理,得到降阶模型;The order reduction processing module is used to establish a finite element model according to the remaining model, and perform order reduction processing on the finite element model to obtain a reduced order model;

装配处理模块,用于根据所述横梁模型建立全参数化横梁模型,并将所述全参数化横梁模型与所述降阶模型通过节点ID编号对应关系实现非空间装配,得到装配模型;An assembly processing module, configured to establish a fully parametric beam model according to the beam model, and realize non-spatial assembly of the fully parameterized beam model and the reduced-order model through the corresponding relationship of node ID numbers to obtain an assembly model;

工况加载模块,用于根据节点ID编号在工况施加点上对所述装配模型施加整车工况,得到工况模型;The working condition loading module is used to apply the vehicle working condition to the assembly model at the working condition application point according to the node ID number to obtain the working condition model;

优化处理模块,用于向所述工况模型中加载整车优化变量、相应、约束和优化目标,得到优化结果;An optimization processing module, configured to load vehicle optimization variables, responses, constraints, and optimization objectives into the working condition model to obtain an optimization result;

关于车架横梁优化系统的具体限定可以参见上文中对于车架横梁优化方法的限定,在此不再赘述。上述车架横梁优化系统中的各个模块可全部或部分通过软件、硬件及其组合来实现。上述各模块可以硬件形式内嵌于或独立于计算机设备中的处理器中,也可以以软件形式存储于计算机设备中的存储器中,以便于处理器调用执行以上各个模块对应的操作。For specific limitations on the frame beam optimization system, please refer to the above-mentioned limitations on the frame beam optimization method, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the above-mentioned vehicle frame beam optimization system can be fully or partially realized by software, hardware and combinations thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, and can also be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can invoke and execute the corresponding operations of the above-mentioned modules.

第三方面,本发明还提供一种车架横梁,所述车架横梁在经过所述车架横梁优化方法优化后所得。In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a frame beam, which is obtained after being optimized by the frame beam optimization method.

第四方面,本发明还提供一种车辆,所述车辆包括所述的车架横梁。In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned frame beam.

实际工作时,与现有技术相比,本发明的有效效果包括:During actual work, compared with the prior art, the effective effects of the present invention include:

1、解决结构设计工程师无法直接参数优化变量设计的问题,CAD设计工程师可直接上手操作,自主完成优化过程,避免了与CAE仿真人员沟通产生的时间内耗及其沟通产生的信息不对称;1. To solve the problem that structural design engineers cannot directly optimize variable design with parameters, CAD design engineers can directly operate and complete the optimization process independently, avoiding the time consumption and information asymmetry caused by communication with CAE simulation personnel;

2.传统车架横梁仿真模型包含了车架纵梁等外部模型,针对性较差,本发明通过相关技术实现除车架横梁外的模型降阶,分析的模型自由度大幅度下降,从而可为非线性分析优化,全局优化等更多消耗资源的算法腾出计算资源;2. The traditional frame beam simulation model includes external models such as frame longitudinal beams, which is poor in pertinence. The present invention uses related technologies to reduce the order of models except the frame beam, and the degree of freedom of the analyzed model is greatly reduced, so that Free up computing resources for more resource-consuming algorithms such as nonlinear analysis optimization and global optimization;

3.由于CAE软件的相关限制,优化参数无法实现全参数化,比如横梁安装孔的数量变化与横梁前后方向长度的关系设定等,本发明可在CAD软件中设定优化参数,可运用CAD软件中的知识工程工具设置变量,真正实现全参数化设计理念,让优化方案更加多样供设计工程师选择;3. Due to the relevant limitations of the CAE software, the optimization parameters cannot be fully parameterized, such as the relationship between the number of beam installation holes and the length of the beam in the front and rear directions. The present invention can set the optimization parameters in the CAD software, and can use CAD The knowledge engineering tool in the software sets variables to truly realize the full parametric design concept, making the optimization scheme more diverse for design engineers to choose from;

4.工况加载通过轮胎、鞍座(牵引车)等外接节点施加,工况更加真实,且工况可根据真实车型工况特点进行变更,使用更加灵活;4. The working conditions are applied through external nodes such as tires and saddles (tractors), so the working conditions are more realistic, and the working conditions can be changed according to the characteristics of the real vehicle conditions, making the use more flexible;

5.整车降阶模型包含了轮胎、板簧、悬架、上装等重要部件综合作用下横梁安装点及工况加载点的刚度、阻尼、质量等矩阵参数,横梁在这样真实的整车安装环境下优化,更贴近实际;5. The reduced-order model of the whole vehicle includes the stiffness, damping, mass and other matrix parameters of the installation point of the beam and the loading point of the working condition under the comprehensive action of important components such as tires, leaf springs, suspension, and bodywork. The beam is installed in such a real vehicle Environment optimization, closer to reality;

6.首次用节点算法关系进行横梁位置判断,使得横梁前后位置坐标优化以及从前到后的横梁排布顺序成为优化变量,更加全面的体现了全参数化优化;6. For the first time, the node algorithm relationship is used to judge the position of the beam, so that the optimization of the front and rear position coordinates of the beam and the order of the beam arrangement from front to back become optimization variables, which more comprehensively reflects the full parameterization optimization;

7.根据模型库数据,可为各车型车架提供多种连接结构形式的横梁方案选择,避免仅出现单一横梁结构下的局部最优解。7. According to the data in the model library, it can provide the beam scheme selection of various connection structures for the frame of each vehicle type, so as to avoid the local optimal solution under only a single beam structure.

8.可针对单个参数或多个参数变化输出其对横梁应力变化、重量变化、整车刚度变化的影响关系曲线,让设计人员直接了解各参数变化的影响,为设计标准化奠定经验基础;8. It can output the relationship curve of influence on the change of beam stress, weight change and vehicle stiffness for the change of a single parameter or multiple parameters, so that designers can directly understand the influence of each parameter change and lay an empirical foundation for design standardization;

9.通用化、模块化设计方面,MMO等优化模块在相同横梁结构的相同参数变量值在不同车型、不同车架部位的相同的优化结果,可提升车架相同车架横梁结构的通用化,模块化;9. In terms of generalization and modular design, MMO and other optimization modules can achieve the same optimization results of the same parameter variable values of the same beam structure on different models and different frame parts, which can improve the generalization of the same frame beam structure, Modular;

10.报告合成,指导设计,生成设计工程师最关心的可视化的参数对结果的影响结果趋势。10. Report synthesis, guide the design, and generate the trend of the influence of the visualized parameters on the results that design engineers are most concerned about.

在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and so on is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed, or operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection, It can also be an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or an internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.

需要说明的是,在本申请中,诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that in this application, relative terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply There is no such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

以上所述仅是本申请的具体实施方式,使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所申请的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above descriptions are only specific implementation manners of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims (10)

1.一种车架横梁优化方法,其特征在于,其包括:1. A vehicle frame beam optimization method, characterized in that it comprises: 将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型;Decompose the vehicle CAD model into beam model and residual model; 根据所述剩余模型建立有限元模型,并对所述有限元模型进行降阶处理,得到降阶模型;Establishing a finite element model according to the remaining model, and performing order reduction processing on the finite element model to obtain a reduced order model; 根据所述横梁模型建立全参数化横梁模型,并将所述全参数化横梁模型与所述降阶模型通过节点ID编号对应关系实现非空间装配,得到装配模型;Establishing a fully parametric beam model according to the beam model, and realizing non-space assembly through the node ID number correspondence between the fully parameterized beam model and the reduced-order model, to obtain an assembly model; 根据节点ID编号在工况施加点上对所述装配模型施加整车工况,得到工况模型;Applying the vehicle working condition to the assembly model at the working condition application point according to the node ID number to obtain the working condition model; 向所述工况模型中加载整车优化变量、相应、约束和优化目标,得到优化结果;Loading vehicle optimization variables, responses, constraints and optimization objectives into the working condition model to obtain optimization results; 根据所述优化结果生成优化后的横梁优化模型。An optimized beam optimization model is generated according to the optimization results. 2.如权利要求1所述的车架横梁优化方法,其特征在于:2. vehicle frame beam optimization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: 所述将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型,包括:The vehicle CAD model is decomposed into a beam model and a residual model, including: 将整车CAD模型中的所有横梁从所述整车CAD模型中剔除出来,得到横梁模型;All beams in the vehicle CAD model are removed from the vehicle CAD model to obtain a beam model; 将整车CAD模型中纵梁与横梁链接的孔位做标注化处理,得到标注化孔位;Mark the hole position connecting the longitudinal beam and the cross beam in the vehicle CAD model to obtain the marked hole position; 将所述标注化孔位和整车CAD模型中除横梁模型以外的部分共同作为所述剩余模型。The marked holes and the part of the vehicle CAD model other than the crossbeam model are collectively used as the remaining model. 3.如权利要求1所述的车架横梁优化方法,其特征在于:3. vehicle frame beam optimization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: 所述降阶模型用于反映横梁外接节点及工况加载节点之间的刚度矩阵、质量矩阵、阻尼矩阵及模态振型关系。The reduced-order model is used to reflect the stiffness matrix, mass matrix, damping matrix and mode shape relationship between the external nodes of the beam and the loading nodes of the working condition. 4.如权利要求1所述的车架横梁优化方法,其特征在于:4. vehicle frame beam optimization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: 所述将所述全参数化横梁模型与所述剩余模型通过节点ID编号对应关系实现非空间装配,得到装配模型,包括:The non-spatial assembly of the fully parameterized beam model and the remaining model through the node ID number correspondence is realized to obtain an assembly model, including: 根据拓扑连接关系对所述全参数化横梁模型进行分类,得到多个CAD参数化模型;Classifying the fully parameterized beam models according to the topological connection relationship to obtain a plurality of CAD parameterized models; 通过二次开发,将多个所述CAD参数化模型按照既定网格划分标准自动建立有限元模型,得到横梁有限元模型;Through secondary development, multiple CAD parametric models are automatically established according to the established grid division standard to obtain the finite element model of the beam; 识别所述横梁的安装方向,并根据方向纵梁的螺栓安装节点编号规则对横梁的螺栓安装孔中心节点进行重编号,得到节点ID编号;Identify the installation direction of the beam, and renumber the central node of the bolt installation hole of the beam according to the bolt installation node numbering rule of the direction longitudinal beam, to obtain the node ID number; 根据节点算法关系,让所述横梁有限元模型与所述降阶模型通过相同的节点ID编号实现非空间装配,得到装配模型。According to the node algorithm relationship, the beam finite element model and the reduced-order model are allowed to realize non-space assembly through the same node ID number to obtain an assembly model. 5.如权利要求1所述的车架横梁优化方法,其特征在于:5. vehicle frame beam optimization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: 所述向所述工况模型中加载整车优化变量、相应、约束和优化目标,得到优化结果,包括:The loading of vehicle optimization variables, responses, constraints and optimization objectives into the working condition model to obtain optimization results includes: 将全参数化横梁模型中的参数进行优化,并将所述全参数化横梁模型中的参数作为优化变量;Optimizing the parameters in the fully parameterized beam model, and using the parameters in the fully parameterized beam model as optimization variables; 将优化变量、横梁应力响应和横梁质量响应加载至所述工况模型中,得到优化结果。The optimization variables, the stress response of the beam and the mass response of the beam are loaded into the working condition model to obtain the optimization result. 6.如权利要求5所述的车架横梁优化方法,其特征在于:6. The vehicle frame beam optimization method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: 所述根据节点ID编号在工况施加点上对所述装配模型施加整车工况,得到工况模型,包括:According to the node ID number, applying the vehicle working condition to the assembly model at the working condition application point to obtain the working condition model includes: 通过预设的工况加载点编号规则识别前后桥或鞍座的加载位置;Identify the loading positions of the front and rear axles or saddles through the preset numbering rules of loading points in working conditions; 通过设计工程师设定的工况,通过预设的加载规则将所述加载位置加载到所述工况模型的加载节点上,得到工况模型。The working condition model is obtained by loading the loading position on the loading node of the working condition model through the working condition set by the design engineer and the preset loading rule. 7.如权利要求1所述的车架横梁优化方法,其特征在于:7. The vehicle frame beam optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: 所述根据所述优化结果生成优化后的横梁优化模型,包括:The generating the optimized beam optimization model according to the optimization result includes: 根据预设的结果排列规则对所述优化结果进行排序,得到排序结果;sorting the optimization results according to a preset result ranking rule to obtain a sorting result; 根据排序结果确定横梁最终参数,根据所述横梁最终参数自动生成优化后的CAD模型。The final parameters of the beam are determined according to the sorting results, and an optimized CAD model is automatically generated according to the final parameters of the beam. 8.一种车架横梁优化系统,其特征在于:8. A vehicle frame beam optimization system, characterized in that: 模型分解模块,用于将整车CAD模型分解为横梁模型和剩余模型;The model decomposition module is used to decompose the CAD model of the whole vehicle into a beam model and a residual model; 降阶处理模块,用于根据所述剩余模型建立有限元模型,并对所述有限元模型进行降阶处理,得到降阶模型;The order reduction processing module is used to establish a finite element model according to the remaining model, and perform order reduction processing on the finite element model to obtain a reduced order model; 装配处理模块,用于根据所述横梁模型建立全参数化横梁模型,并将所述全参数化横梁模型与所述降阶模型通过节点ID编号对应关系实现非空间装配,得到装配模型;An assembly processing module, configured to establish a fully parametric beam model according to the beam model, and realize non-spatial assembly of the fully parameterized beam model and the reduced-order model through the corresponding relationship of node ID numbers to obtain an assembly model; 工况加载模块,用于根据节点ID编号在工况施加点上对所述装配模型施加整车工况,得到工况模型;The working condition loading module is used to apply the vehicle working condition to the assembly model at the working condition application point according to the node ID number to obtain the working condition model; 优化处理模块,用于向所述工况模型中加载整车优化变量、相应、约束和优化目标,得到优化结果;An optimization processing module, configured to load vehicle optimization variables, responses, constraints, and optimization objectives into the working condition model to obtain an optimization result; 模型再生模块,用于根据所述优化结果生成优化后的横梁优化模型。The model regeneration module is used to generate an optimized beam optimization model according to the optimization result. 9.一种横梁,其特征在于,所述横梁由权利要求1-7中任一项所述车架横梁优化方法优化后所得。9. A crossbeam, characterized in that the crossbeam is obtained after being optimized by the vehicle frame crossbeam optimization method according to any one of claims 1-7. 10.一种车辆,其特征在于,所述车辆包括权利要求9所述的横梁。10. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle comprises the cross member of claim 9.
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