CN116338976A - Phase modulation moire imaging device - Google Patents
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- CN116338976A CN116338976A CN202310202373.6A CN202310202373A CN116338976A CN 116338976 A CN116338976 A CN 116338976A CN 202310202373 A CN202310202373 A CN 202310202373A CN 116338976 A CN116338976 A CN 116338976A
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- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
- G02B30/29—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays characterised by the geometry of the lenticular array, e.g. slanted arrays, irregular arrays or arrays of varying shape or size
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- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a phase modulation moire imaging device comprising a spacer layer having oppositely disposed first and second surfaces; a transmissive unit disposed on the first surface, the transmissive unit including a first micro-focusing unit including a plurality of first micro-focusing elements; the reflection unit is arranged on the second surface, the reflection unit comprises a second micro-focusing unit, the projection of the plurality of first micro-focusing elements on the spacing layer and the projection of the plurality of second micro-focusing elements on the spacing layer are offset relatively, the surface of the second micro-focusing element is provided with a reflection layer, and the image-text information is encoded on the reflection layer. The invention does not need accurate alignment of the micro-focusing element array and the image-text array in the manufacturing process, and reduces the alignment requirement between the transmission unit and the reflection unit, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty and the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of micro-optics imaging, in particular to a phase modulation moire imaging device.
Background
The three-dimensional display technology uses various technical means such as optics to simulate and realize the stereoscopic vision characteristics of human eyes, reproduces the three-dimensional information of a target object, and presents a three-dimensional image with depth sense. The three-dimensional display technology is mainly divided into vision-aiding three-dimensional display and naked eye three-dimensional display. The auxiliary tools such as glasses, helmets and the like are needed to be worn for viewing the three-dimensional effect, so that inconvenience is brought to an observer. The naked eye three-dimensional display can realize the three-dimensional display effect without other auxiliary equipment. The naked eye three-dimensional display technology mainly comprises a three-dimensional display technology, a holographic display technology and a light field display technology. The three-dimensional display occupies a real three-dimensional space, and a three-dimensional image with real depth is reconstructed by utilizing the persistence of vision characteristic of human eyes. However, three-dimensional images reproduced by three-dimensional display are transparent, and the occlusion relationship of the object cannot be expressed.
In the moire imaging device in the prior art, the micro lens arrays and the micro image-text arrays which are positioned on two sides of the transparent substrate must be precisely aligned. In China patent application, "a reflective imaging film" (authorized number: 202110983747.3), a reflective imaging film is disclosed, wherein a micro-image-text array unit in a micro-image-text layer is obtained by projection imaging of a virtual object through a reflective focusing unit array. In order to reproduce a virtual object, the micro-graphic array must be aligned exactly with the micro-lens array, otherwise the reproduced image will distort.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide the phase modulation moire imaging device, the accurate alignment of the projection unit and the reflection unit is not needed, the human eyes are utilized to identify images with different gray scales to form images with three-dimensional effect, the manufacturing difficulty and the production cost are reduced, the naked eyes can see the images, and the observed images can change along with the change of the visual angle.
In order to solve the technical problems, the present invention provides a phase modulation moire imaging device comprising,
the spacer layer is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, incident light is emitted from the first surface, is emitted from the second surface, is reflected, is emitted from the second surface, and is emitted from the first surface;
a transmissive unit disposed on the first surface, the transmissive unit including a first micro-focusing unit including a plurality of first micro-focusing elements;
the reflection unit is arranged on the second surface and comprises a second micro-focusing unit, the second micro-focusing unit comprises a plurality of second micro-focusing elements, the projections of the first micro-focusing elements on the spacing layer and the projections of the second micro-focusing elements on the spacing layer are offset relatively, the surface of the second micro-focusing elements is provided with a reflection layer, and the image-text information is encoded on the second micro-focusing elements;
and observing the image-text information through the transmission unit to obtain an object image with a stereoscopic impression, wherein the object image changes along with the change of the visual angle.
Preferably, the first micro-focusing element and the second micro-focusing element comprise linear micro-focusing elements, a plurality of the first micro-focusing elements are arranged in an array, and a plurality of the second micro-focusing elements are arranged in an array.
Preferably, the linear micro-focusing element comprises a one-dimensional linear cylindrical lens or a one-dimensional Fresnel cylindrical lens.
Preferably, the aspect ratio of the projection of the first micro-focusing element on the spacing layer is larger than 5:1, and the aspect ratio of the projection of the second micro-focusing element on the spacing layer is larger than 5:1.
Preferably, the first micro-focusing element and the second micro-focusing element comprise two-dimensional micro-focusing elements, and the arrangement mode of the plurality of first micro-focusing elements comprises two-dimensional periodic type, non-periodic type, random type and the combination thereof.
Preferably, the two-dimensional micro-focusing element comprises a round pack type micro-lens.
Preferably, the projection of the first micro-focusing element and the second micro-focusing element on the spacer layer is that the diameter ratio is smaller than 2: 1.
Preferably, the thickness of the spacer layer is within + -30% of the sum of the focal length of the first micro-focus element and the focal length of the second reflective micro-focus element.
Preferably, the spacer layer comprises a plurality of composite layer structures, and the material of the layer structures comprises at least two of PMMA and PET, PMMA or PET, PMMA, PC, PI, PE and glass.
Preferably, the reflective layer comprises an optical film of a metallic or non-metallic material, and the thickness of the reflective layer is 20nm to 100nm.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the phase modulation moire imaging device, the spacing layer, the transmission unit and the reflection unit are arranged on the first surface and the second surface of the spacing layer respectively, the transmission unit comprises the first micro-focusing element unit, the reflection unit comprises the second micro-focusing element unit, and attention is required to be paid to the fact that the projection of the first micro-focusing element unit on the spacing layer is offset or phase difference relative to the projection of the second micro-focusing element unit on the spacing layer, so that image-text information on the reflection layer is observed through the transmission unit, and the object image with the stereoscopic impression, which changes along with the change of the visual angle, can be obtained.
Drawings
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof that are illustrated in the appended drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a phase modulation scheme of a linear phase modulated moire imaging element in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a phase modulation scheme of a linear phase modulated moire imaging element in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a phase modulation scheme of a linear phase modulated moire imaging element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows a phase modulation scheme of a linear phase modulated moire imaging element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a moire imaging mode of the present invention with embedded graphic information.
Fig. 10 is a phase modulation scheme of a phase modulated moire imaging element in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 shows a phase modulation scheme of a phase modulated moire imaging element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 12 is a schematic plan view of a phase modulation scheme of a phase modulating moire imaging element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of a phase modulation scheme of a phase modulating moire imaging element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the specification reference numerals: 1. a first micro-focusing element; 2. a spacer layer; 3. a second micro-focusing element; 4. a reflective layer; 51. a reflective layer region; 52. holographic grating cell regions.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 13, the present invention provides a phase modulation moire imaging device comprising,
a spacer layer 2 having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, the first surface and the second surface being parallel to each other, incident light being incident from the first surface, being emitted from the second surface, being reflected, being incident from the second surface, and being emitted from the first surface;
a transmission unit disposed on the first surface, the transmission unit including a first micro-focusing unit including a plurality of first micro-focusing elements 1;
the reflecting unit is arranged on the second surface, the reflecting unit comprises a second micro-focusing unit, the second micro-focusing unit comprises a plurality of second micro-focusing elements 3, the projections of the first micro-focusing elements 1 on the spacing layer 2 and the projections of the second micro-focusing elements 3 on the spacing layer have relative offset, specifically, the first micro-focusing unit has a phase difference between the projections of the spacing layer 2 and the projections of the second micro-focusing elements on the spacing layer 2, the surface of the second micro-focusing elements 3 is provided with a reflecting layer 4, and graphic information to be displayed is encoded on the reflecting layer 4, so that the first micro-focusing elements 1, the spacing layer 2, the second micro-focusing elements 3 and the reflecting layer 4 are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of the incident light, and the spacing layer 2 and the first micro-focusing elements 1 are closely connected without optical interfaces, and the spacing layer 2 and the second micro-focusing elements 3 are closely connected without optical interfaces;
by observing the graphic information on the reflective layer 4 through the transmission unit, an object image with a stereoscopic impression, which changes with the change of the viewing angle, can be obtained.
It can be known that, according to the phase modulation moire imaging device to be protected, through arranging the spacer layer, the transmission unit and the reflection unit are respectively arranged on the first surface and the second surface of the spacer layer, the transmission unit comprises a first micro-focusing element unit, the reflection unit comprises a second micro-focusing element unit, and it is noted that the projection of the first micro-focusing element unit on the spacer layer has position offset or phase difference relative to the projection of the second micro-focusing element on the spacer layer, so that the image-text information on the reflection layer is observed through the transmission unit, and the object image with stereoscopic impression which changes along with the change of the viewing angle can be obtained.
It should be noted that the micro-focusing elements in the transmissive unit and the reflective unit include two different types, one of which is a linear micro-focusing element and the other of which is a two-dimensional micro-focusing element:
in one aspect, the first micro-focusing element 1 and the second micro-focusing element 3 comprise linear micro-focusing elements, and a plurality of the first micro-focusing elements 1 and a plurality of the second micro-focusing elements 2 are arranged in an array.
Further, the linear micro-focusing element comprises a one-dimensional linear cylindrical lens or a one-dimensional Fresnel cylindrical lens.
In particular, the aspect ratio of the projection of the first micro-focusing element 1 on the spacer layer 2 is greater than 5:1, and the aspect ratio of the projection of the second micro-focusing element 3 on the spacer layer 2 is greater than 5:1.
On the other hand, the first micro-focusing element 1 and the second micro-focusing element 3 comprise two-dimensional micro-focusing elements, and the arrangement modes of the plurality of first micro-focusing elements 1 and the plurality of second micro-focusing elements comprise two-dimensional periodic type, non-periodic type, random type and combinations thereof.
Further, the two-dimensional micro-focusing element comprises a round pack type micro-lens.
Still further, the projection of the first micro-focusing element 1 and the second micro-focusing element 3 on the spacer layer 2 is such that the diameter ratio is smaller than 2: 1.
In detail, the thickness of the spacer layer 2 is within ±30% of the sum of the focal length of the first micro-focusing element 1 and the focal length of the second reflective micro-focusing element 3.
Specifically, the spacer layer 2 is a transparent spacer layer, the transparent spacer layer comprises a plurality of composite layer structures, and the materials of the layer structures comprise at least two of PMMA and PET, PMMA, or PET, PMMA, PC, PI, PE and glass.
The reflective layer 4 comprises an optical film of metallic or non-metallic material, and has a thickness of 20nm to 100nm. Further, the reflective layer 4 includes a single-layer metal plating layer or a multi-layer metal plating layer, and the material of the metal plating layer includes aluminum, nickel, silver, and chromium, and alloys thereof. The reflective layer also includes a multi-layer film system of non-metallic materials such as zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, titanium dioxide, and the like.
In detail, between two adjacent second micro-focusing elements 3 on the second surface is a background area, which in one embodiment is free of any material and structures, and in another embodiment comprises scattering, absorbing or reflecting structures, such as one-or two-dimensional bravais lattice structures or random structures, with dimensions of micrometers, sub-micrometers.
The working principle of the phase modulated moire imaging device of the present invention is as follows, with reference to fig. 2 to 4, one is looking through the first surface of the transparent spacer layer, i.e. through the side of the first micro focus element unit. When viewed in a vertical viewing angle, as shown in fig. 2, when the first micro focus element 1 on the first surface is aligned with the optical axis of the second micro focus element 3 on the second surface, it is reflected in a vertical direction, and the reflection efficiency into the human eye is highest, thus having the highest brightness; as shown in fig. 3, when the optical axes of the first micro-focusing element 1 positioned on the first surface and the second micro-focusing element 3 positioned on the second surface are relatively shifted in the horizontal direction, that is, there is a phase difference between the array formed by the plurality of first micro-focusing elements and the array formed by the plurality of second micro-focusing elements, part of the transmitted light is reflected by the second micro-focusing element unit to other directions and cannot enter the eyes of the observer, thus presenting relatively low brightness; further, as shown in fig. 4, when viewed at a certain viewing angle, more transmitted light is reflected to other directions by the second micro focus element unit, cannot enter the eyes of the observer, and thus exhibits lower brightness.
According to the principle, by encoding the graphic information and modulating the phase between the second micro-focusing element unit array and the first micro-focusing element unit array corresponding to the second micro-focusing element unit array, object images with different brightness levels can be obtained, and object images with stereoscopic and visual angle-dependent light and shadow effects can be formed.
As shown in fig. 5, the phase modulation mode of the linear phase modulation moire imaging device in one embodiment of the present invention is as follows, the first micro focus element unit (R 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ，…,R N ) Is linear and is arranged periodically, and the period is marked as D. A second micro-focusing element unit (P 1 ,P 2 ,P 3 ，…,P N ) Wherein the micro focus unit P 3 -P n Is linear and is opposite to corresponding R 3 -R n The image-text information is encoded in the reflective layer of the phase modulated second micro-focus element unit.
As shown in fig. 6, the phase modulation mode of the linear phase modulation moire imaging device in one embodiment of the present invention is as follows, the first micro focus element unit (R 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ，…,R N ) Is linear and is arranged periodically, and the period is marked as D. A second micro-focusing element unit (P 1 ,P 2 ,P 3 ，…,P N ) The linear micro-focusing element unit is in curve shape, and the graphic information is encoded in the reflecting layer of the second micro-focusing element unit after phase modulation.
As shown in fig. 7, the phase modulation mode of the linear phase modulation moire imaging device in one embodiment of the present invention is as follows, the first micro focus element unit (R 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ，…,R N ) Is curved in shapeThe patterns are arranged in a periodic manner, and the period is denoted as D. A second micro-focusing element unit (P 1 ,P 2 ,P 3 ，…,P N ) The linear micro-focusing element unit is linear, and the image-text information is encoded in the reflecting layer of the second micro-focusing element unit after phase modulation.
As shown in fig. 8, the phase modulation scheme of the linear phase modulation moire imaging device in one embodiment of the present invention is as follows, the first micro focus element unit (R 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ，…,R N ) Is in a linear type and is in periodic arrangement, and the period is marked as D. A second micro-focusing element unit (P 1 ,P 2 ,P 3 ，…,P N ) Wherein each second micro-focusing unit is composed of a plurality of micro-focusing elements [ (P) 11 ，P 12 )，(P 21 ，P 22 )，...(P N1 ，P N2 )]Composition of micro-focusing unit array P 3 -P n Is linear. The image-text information is encoded in the reflective layer of the phase modulated second micro-focus element unit.
As shown in FIG. 9, the moire imaging mode of the present invention is as follows, wherein the lines are schematic diagrams of the linear micro-focusing element units of the reflecting unit. Fig. 9 (a) shows the relative translation of the linear second micro-focus element unit of the reflection unit with respect to the first micro-focus element unit of the transmission unit in the periodic direction, resulting in a phase modulation on the moire image. Fig. 9 (b) shows a relative translation of the linear second micro-focus element unit of the reflection unit with respect to the first micro-focus element unit of the transmission unit in the direction of the period with an arc shape, resulting in a phase modulation on the moire image. Fig. 9 (c) shows that the linear relative translation of the linear second micro-focus element unit of the reflection unit with respect to the first micro-focus element unit of the transmission unit exists along the periodic direction, resulting in a phase modulation on the moire image. The gray scale variation formed on the moire image by the structure shown in fig. 9 (c) is more pronounced.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, an embodiment of a phase modulation moire imaging device of the present invention, the first of the transmission unitsA micro-focusing element 1 is arranged in a periodic square array, and the period is denoted by D. The second micro-focus element unit (i, j) has an offset (delta) in x and y directions, respectively, with respect to the first micro-focus element unit ix ，Δ jy ). The size of the offset, namely the modulated phase, is determined by encoding the gray scale of the graphic information to be displayed.
As shown in fig. 12, in a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention, the first micro-focusing element units are arranged in a periodic square array, and the graphic information is encoded in the phase modulated second micro-focusing element units, and the associated positions of the second micro-focusing element units are micro-displaced relative to the first micro-focusing element units, so as to form a character "B" shape as shown in fig. 12.
As shown in fig. 13, in a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention, the first micro-focusing element units are arranged in a periodic square array, and the graphic information is encoded in the second micro-focusing element units subjected to phase modulation, and the positions of the associated second micro-focusing element units are micro-displaced relative to the first micro-focusing element units. In the background area of the reflection unit, holographic grating units with different periods and different orientations are included. When the transmission unit is used for observation, the image-text information is displayed through the reflection layer area 51 after phase modulation, and the holographic grating unit area 52 is used as a background.
In summary, according to the phase modulation moire imaging device to be protected in the present invention, by arranging the spacer layer, the transmission unit and the reflection unit, where the transmission unit and the reflection unit are respectively arranged on the first surface and the second surface of the spacer layer, the transmission unit includes a first micro-focusing element unit, and the reflection unit includes a second micro-focusing element unit, it should be noted that, compared with the conventional moire imaging device, the projection of the first micro-focusing element unit on the spacer layer has a position offset or a phase difference with respect to the projection of the second micro-focusing element on the spacer layer, so that the image-text information on the reflection layer is observed by the transmission unit, so that an object image with a stereoscopic impression varying with a change of a viewing angle can be obtained.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A phase modulated moire imaging device, characterized by: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the spacer layer is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, incident light is emitted from the first surface, is emitted from the second surface, is reflected, is emitted from the second surface, and is emitted from the first surface;
a transmissive unit disposed on the first surface, the transmissive unit including a first micro-focusing unit including a plurality of first micro-focusing elements;
the reflection unit is arranged on the second surface and comprises a second micro-focusing unit, the second micro-focusing unit comprises a plurality of second micro-focusing elements, the projections of the first micro-focusing elements on the spacing layer and the projections of the second micro-focusing elements on the spacing layer are offset relatively, the surface of the second micro-focusing elements is provided with a reflection layer, and the image-text information is encoded on the second micro-focusing elements;
and observing the image-text information through the transmission unit to obtain an object image with a stereoscopic impression, wherein the object image changes along with the change of the visual angle.
2. A phase modulated moire imaging device as in claim 1, wherein: the first micro-focusing elements and the second micro-focusing elements comprise linear micro-focusing elements, a plurality of the first micro-focusing elements are arranged in an array mode, and a plurality of the second micro-focusing elements are arranged in an array mode.
3. A phase modulated moire imaging device as in claim 2, wherein: the linear micro-focusing element comprises a one-dimensional linear cylindrical lens or a one-dimensional Fresnel cylindrical lens.
4. A phase modulated moire imaging device as in claim 2, wherein: the aspect ratio of the projection of the first micro-focusing element on the spacing layer is larger than 5:1, and the aspect ratio of the projection of the second micro-focusing element on the spacing layer is larger than 5:1.
5. A phase modulated moire imaging device as in claim 1, wherein: the first micro-focusing element and the second micro-focusing element comprise two-dimensional micro-focusing elements, and the arrangement modes of the plurality of first micro-focusing elements comprise two-dimensional periodic type, non-periodic type, random type and combinations thereof.
6. A phase modulated moire imaging device as in claim 5, wherein: the two-dimensional micro-focusing element includes a round pack type micro-lens.
7. A phase modulated moire imaging device as defined in claim 6, wherein: the projection of the first micro-focusing element and the second micro-focusing element on the spacing layer is that the diameter ratio is smaller than 2: 1.
8. A phase modulated moire imaging device as in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the spacer layer is within + -30% of the sum of the focal length of the first micro-focusing element and the focal length of the second reflective micro-focusing element.
9. A phase modulated moire imaging device as in claim 1, wherein: the spacer layer comprises a plurality of composite layer structures, and the materials of the layer structures comprise PMMA and at least two of PET, PMMA or PET, PMMA, PC, PI, PE and glass.
10. A phase modulated moire imaging device as in claim 1, wherein: the reflecting layer comprises an optical film of a metal or nonmetal material, and the thickness of the reflecting layer is 20nm to 100nm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310202373.6A CN116338976A (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2023-03-06 | Phase modulation moire imaging device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310202373.6A CN116338976A (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2023-03-06 | Phase modulation moire imaging device |
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| CN116338976A true CN116338976A (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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| CN202310202373.6A Pending CN116338976A (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2023-03-06 | Phase modulation moire imaging device |
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