CN116337800B - Quality evaluation method of horsetail seed oil based on ATR-FTIR - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ATR-FTIR-based iris seed oil quality evaluation method, belongs to the technical field of quality evaluation, and combines an ATR-FTIR method and a chemometry method to establish a quantitative model of total polyphenol content, main unsaturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acid ratio and antioxidant capacity of iris seed oil. The invention utilizes ATR-FTIR to determine the applicability quantitative model of quality parameters such as Total Polyphenol Content (TPC), main unsaturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acid ratio (U/S), antioxidant Capacity (AC) and the like of the iris seed oil, can effectively evaluate the quality of the iris seed oil and promote the stable development of the quality of the iris seed oil product.

Description

Quality evaluation method of horsetail seed oil based on ATR-FTIR

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of quality evaluation, and in particular to an ATR-FTIR-based quality evaluation method for horsetail seed oil.

Background technique

Iris lactea Pall.var.chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz. is a variant of Iris lactea Pall.var.chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz. It is a perennial herbaceous root plant. Distributed in North Korea, Russia, India and China. In China, except for the southeastern coastal areas, the remaining 20 provinces are widely distributed and have huge resources. This species mainly grows in wastelands, roadsides, and hillside grasslands, especially on overgrazed saline-alkali grasslands. It has good salt tolerance and ornamental value, and is also tolerant to heavy metal elements such as lead and cadmium. It is often used as a saline-alkali indicator in saline-alkali grasslands and used for vegetation restoration in saline-alkali grasslands and oil-polluted areas. In addition to its ecological value, horsetail seeds also have high medicinal value.

According to reports, "anka" extracted from the testa of horsetail seeds is mainly used as a radiation sensitizer, while the seed core is discarded as an industrial by-product. In recent years, horsetail seeds have gained attention due to their high oil content. The oil content in horsetail kernels is about 10.56%, and the fatty acids in it are mainly linoleic acid (65.35%) and oleic acid (28.51%) after Soxhlet extraction. At present, the determination of the content and activity of compounds in horsetail seed oil mainly relies on some chemical methods, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These methods have the problems of long time consumption and high pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a method. A fast, accurate, and environmentally friendly detection method is of great significance to achieve comprehensive control of horseradish seed oil and provide a more sufficient basis for the quality evaluation of horsetail seed oil.

ATR-FTIR has the advantages of being simple, fast, non-destructive, and saving time and effort. Researchers are trying to apply this technology to the property evaluation and compound identification of different oil products. However, so far, there are no reports on using ATR-FTIR for quality control of horsetail seed oil.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the existing technology for determining compounds in horse chestnut oil and provide a quality evaluation method for horse chestnut oil based on ATR-FTIR.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: an ATR-FTIR-based quality evaluation method for horsetail seed oil, including the following steps:

Determine the content of ingredients to be tested for quality evaluation in horsetail seed oil;

Collect ATR-FTIR spectra;

Preprocessing by constant, standard normalized variable (SNV) and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) methods;

Establish principal component regression prediction models for TPC, U/S and AC;

Model performance is evaluated using the correlation coefficient of the calibration set, the correlation coefficient of the prediction set, the root mean square error of the calibration set, the root mean square error of the prediction set, and the residual prediction deviation;

Analyzing the correlation between the actual value and the predicted value, the correlation coefficient between the calibration set and the predicted set of the built model is close to 1. This model can be used to evaluate the quality of marlin seed oil.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the horseradish seed oil is as follows: take the horsetail seeds that have been dried to a constant weight and have had their testa removed, crushed and sieved, and extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain the oil.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction conditions are: 40-50°C, 25-34MPa pressure for 70-95 minutes.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the method is used to evaluate the quality of tangerine seed oil, measuring the content of components to be evaluated for quality in each Tibetan medicinal material sample specifically includes: total polyphenol content detection, fatty acid composition Determination and in vitro antioxidant activity detection.

As a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, the total polyphenol content detection, fatty acid component determination, and in vitro antioxidant activity detection can be carried out using conventional technical means in the field.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for detecting the total polyphenol content is: weigh the horseradish seed oil and dissolve it in a solvent, extract it through a column, elute with an alcohol solution, collect the eluate, and evaporate After solvent, the residue was dissolved by ultrasound, and gallic acid working solutions of different concentrations were used to establish a standard curve and calculate the total polyphenol content.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for measuring the fatty acid composition is: weigh the horsetail seed oil, add KOH-CH ₃ OH solution and reflux until the oil droplets disappear, add BF ₃ -CH ₃ OH solution and continue Reflux for 1 to 5 minutes, cool to room temperature, add organic solvent and saturated sodium chloride solution and let stand for layering, absorb the upper layer solution, add it to anhydrous sodium sulfate, shake and let stand, absorb the upper layer solution, and measure by GC-MS;

Further, the measurement conditions of the GC-MS are: using a capillary chromatographic column, the inlet temperature is 275-285°C; the carrier gas is helium; the injection volume is 0.5-2 μL; the split ratio (15-30): 1, The temperature is programmed to rise from 40 to 55°C for 0.5 to 3 minutes, to 170 to 180°C at a rate of 20 to 30°C/min, and then to 220 to 240°C at a rate of 2 to 6°C/min, and maintained for 3 to 6 minutes; the ionization method is electron bombardment. Ion source, column head pressure 220~235KPa, transmission line temperature 270~285℃.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for detecting antioxidant activity in vitro is: using ethanol and petroleum ether to prepare different concentrations of horsetail seed oil, preparing positive controls and blank controls, and adding DPPH-ethanol solution into horseradish seed oil, measure the absorbance after reaction in the dark, and calculate the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of horsehorse seed oil.

In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, when collecting the ATR-FTIR spectrum, the spectrum is scanned 5 to 12 times in the area of 4000 to 400 cm ^-1 , the scanning time is 28 to 37 s, and the resolution is 4 cm ^-1 , with air as background.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the preprocessing, the samples are randomly divided into a calibration group and a prediction group in a ratio of 2:1.

In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, the modeling ranges of the TPC and AC models are respectively: 1567~1800cm ^-1 and 1567~1804cm ^-1 ;

The modeling intervals of the U/S model are 2800~3040cm ^-1 and 640~1700cm ^-1 .

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention collected a total of 9 populations of horsetail seed samples in Qinghai Province, China. After using the supercritical fluid extraction method to quantify the horsetail seed oil, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used. Collect the infrared spectrum of horse seeds oil and establish the optimal prediction model for the determination of the total polyphenol content (TPC), the ratio of main unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids (U/S) and the antioxidant capacity (AC) of horse seeds oil. The model constructed by the present invention can quickly detect the contents of total polyphenols, fatty acids, and antioxidant activity in the horsetail oil, and can quickly evaluate the quality of the horsetail oil and realize the quality evaluation of the horsetail oil. Compared with detection methods such as liquid phase mass spectrometry and gas phase mass spectrometry, it has the advantages of high efficiency, safety, environmental protection, high throughput, simple equipment, and low cost.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the sampling information diagram of horsetail seeds, P-population;

Figure 2 shows the oil yield and total polyphenol content of Malin seeds in different populations;

Figure 3 is a graph showing the antioxidant activity of horseradish seed oil in different populations;

Figure 4 is the average ATR-FTIR diagram;

Figure 5 shows the PCR models of three charging indicators, A: total polyphenol content model; B: U/S model; C: antioxidant capacity model.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present invention is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present invention.

It should be clear that the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples can all be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

As used herein, the terms "includes," "includes," "has," "contains," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, or article containing listed elements need not be limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, step, method, or article.

Example 1

1.Materials and methods

1.1 Materials

A total of 9 populations of truncatula were collected in Qinghai Province, China, in September, and details of the sampled populations are provided in Figure 1 . These samples were identified by the Northwest Plateau Biology Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as dry and mature seeds of Iris lactea Pall.var.chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz. Voucher specimens (accession numbers: 2018-144, 2018-145, and 2018-146) are deposited at the Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology. After two steps of crushing, the seed kernel and its powder were obtained.

1.2 Method

1.2.1 Obtaining horsetail seed oil

The lipid content of Malin was quantified using supercritical fluid extraction. The spare seed kernel powder (500 g) of Malin chinensis was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide in a HA221-40-12 supercritical extractor (Nantong Yichuang Experimental Instrument Co., Ltd., Nantong, China) at 45°C and a pressure of 28.5MPa. Extraction 81 minutes.

1.2.2 Total polyphenol content detection

(1) Precisely weigh 2.00g of horsetail seed oil and dissolve it in 6ml of n-hexane. Pass the solution through a glycol-based solid-phase extraction column at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min, and then use 10mL of n-hexane to elute the extraction column. Discard all the effluent, and finally elute with 10 mL of methanol. Collect all the eluates, rotary evaporate the solvent in a 45°C water bath, dissolve the residue in 2 mL of methanol-water solution, dissolve with ultrasonic for 1 min, and freeze at -18°C for 16 hours. Centrifuge at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes at 4°C, and take the supernatant for testing.

(2) Drawing of standard curve: Prepare gallic acid working solutions with concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μg/mL respectively to establish a standard curve. Take 1 mL of gallic acid working solutions of different concentrations, and then add 0.5 mL of folinol reagent, 2 mL of 7.5% sodium carbonate solution and 6.5 mL of water. After shaking for 1 minute, react in a water bath at 70°C for 30 minutes, and then measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 750 nm. The standard curve with gallic acid concentration (x) as the independent variable and absorbance (y) as the dependent variable is drawn as follows: y=-0.00278+0.0088x (r ² =0.9992). After measuring the sample to be tested by the above method, the content of total polyphenols is calculated using gallic acid equivalents according to the following formula:

X＝[(c×2/1000)/m]×1000

X is the total polyphenol content in the oil, in mg/kg; c is the total polyphenol concentration measured according to the standard curve, in μg/mL. 2 is the constant volume of the eluent after evaporation, in mL. m is the mass of the sample, the unit is g.

1.2.3 Determination of fatty acid composition

(1) Sample preparation: Weigh 0.01g of horseradish seed oil into a 100mL flat-bottomed flask, add 8mL of 2% KOH-CH ₃ OH solution, reflux on an 80°C water bath until the oil droplets disappear, add 7mL of 15% from the upper end of the reflux condenser BF ₃ -CH ₃ OH solution, continue to reflux for 2 minutes, cool to room temperature, accurately add 10mL of n-heptane and shake for 2 minutes, then add saturated NaCl solution, shake and let stand for layering, suck 5mL of the upper n-heptane extract into a test tube, Add about 3 to 5 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate, shake for 1 minute, let stand for 5 minutes, and draw the upper solution into the injection bottle for measurement.

(2) GC-MS analysis conditions: the capillary chromatographic column is an Agilent DB-FFPA column (100m×0.25mm i.d.0.25μm); the inlet temperature is 280°C; the carrier gas is helium; the injection volume is 1μL; the split ratio is 20: 1; Programmed temperature rise of 50°C for 1 minute, raised to 175°C at 25°C/min, then raised to 230°C at 4°C/min, maintained for 5 minutes; ionization method is electron bombardment ion source (EI); column head pressure 230KPa; transmission line temperature 280℃. The fatty acid composition of horsetail seed oil was analyzed using the GC-MS method. The area normalization method was used to process the data, and the main components in the spectrum were analyzed by searching the Nist14 library database.

1.2.4 In vitro antioxidant activity detection

Stock solutions of oil (1.75, 3.5, 7, 14 and 28 mg/mL) were prepared with ethanol and petroleum ether (2:1), positive controls vitamin C (1.75, 3.5, 7, 14 and 28 mg/mL) and DPPH solution ( 0.2mmol/L) prepared with ethanol. In addition, absolute ethanol was used as a blank control. Take 2 mL of horsetail seed oil solutions with different mass concentrations, add 2 mL of 0.2 mmol/mL DPPH-ethanol solution to each, mix evenly, react in the dark at room temperature for 30 min, measure the absorbance (As) at a wavelength of 517 nm, and measure the absorbance at 517 nm. Water ethanol was used as the blank control (Ab), Vc was used as the positive control, and the clearance rate of DPPH was calculated according to the following formula.

DPPH free radical scavenging rate=1-As/Ab×100%

According to the scavenging rates of horseradish seed oil at different mass concentrations, combined with SPSS25.0 data processing software, the mass concentration of the solution required for the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of 50%, that is, IC ₅₀ , is expressed as the IC ₅₀ value. The ability of seed oil to scavenge DPPH free radicals. The smaller the IC ₅₀ value, the stronger the scavenging ability.

1.2.5 Collection of ATR-FTIR spectra

The ATR-FTIR spectrum of each sample was collected by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Nicoleti S50, ThermoFisher, USA) with the corresponding module. The spectra were scanned in the region of 400 to 4000 cm ^-1 (n=6) and operated by Omnic 9. The number of scans is 32, the resolution is 4cm ^-1 , and air is used as the background. A total of 54 ATR-FTIR spectra were obtained.

1.2.6 Build model

ATR correction was performed on the ATR-FTIR spectra using OMNIC software. The spectrum is also preprocessed by the constant, standard normalized variable (SNV) or multiplicative scattering correction (MSC) method (with RMSEP as the response value, and the preprocessing method corresponding to the smallest RMSEP is the best method) to remove noise and light. Scattering and other interference factors. The samples were randomly divided into calibration (Cal) group and prediction (Pre) group in a ratio of 2:1. Use TQ-analyst software to establish the principal component regression (PCR) prediction model of TPC, U/S and AC. The performance of the model was evaluated with the following parameters: calibration set correlation coefficient (Rc) and prediction set correlation coefficient (Rp), root mean square error of the calibration set (RMSEC), root mean square error of the prediction set (RMSEP), and residual prediction Deviation (RPD).

2Results and discussion

2.1 Test results of chemical composition content of horseradish seed oil

Figure 2 shows the oil content of ILS and the TPC of horsetail seed oil among the nine populations. It was found that the oil production rate of ILS at 9 different points ranged from 8.49% to 10.68%. Using solid-phase microextraction and n-hexane extraction methods, the TPC was between 29.18 and 104.91 mg/kg gallic acid equivalent (GAE). Currently, there are no published studies on the TPC of horseradish seed oil in different populations. This level is similar to sunflower oil (10-120 mg/kg). There are considerable differences in TPC in different vegetable oils, ranging from 18.65 mg/kg to 12630.00 mg/kg.

For horsetail seed oil among the 9 populations, P6 was found to have the highest TPC level with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 0.45%. The average TPC of horseradish seed oil is 49.83mg GAE/kg. By comparison, it was found that the TPC of horseradish seed oil was higher than the 8 oils in the Liu test (Liu Huimin. Research on the correlation between trace components and antioxidant capacity of different vegetable oils. Jiangnan University, 2015.), including wheat germ oil, peanut oil, and sunflower oil. Seed oil, canola oil, corn oil, coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil.

Among these 9 populations, 9 unsaturated fatty acids (U) and 9 saturated fatty acids (S), the U/S of horsetail seed oil are listed in Table 1. The average proportion of saturated fatty acids is 14.17%, of which palmitic acid is the main one with an average content of 8.16%. The two highest contents are stearic acid (4.84%) and arachidonic acid (1.62%). Lauric acid was the lowest at 0.04% and was not detected in P1 and P9. Unsaturated fatty acids accounted for the majority of the total fatty acids in the horseradish seed oil samples, with an average proportion of 84.92%. Oleic acid and linoleic acid were the unsaturated fatty acids found in the highest concentrations in the horsetail seed oils evaluated in this study. The average content of linoleic acid is 43.06% and that of oleic acid is 36.82%. The average U/S is equal to 6.19, while P1 has the highest U/S at 8.86. The fatty acid composition and relative content of horseradish seed oil is very similar to that of sesame oil.

Table 1 Fatty acid composition of horseradish seed oil

Note: RT: average expected retention time; S: saturated fatty acid; U: unsaturated fatty acid; U/S: ratio of main unsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid.

2.2 Test results of antioxidant activity content of horsetail seed oil

Ascorbic acid was used as a positive control to evaluate the antioxidant effect, and the results are given in Figure 3. At the same concentration, the antioxidant activity of horseradish seed oil varies among different populations. At the same time, it is concentration-dependent, increasing from 0.875-28.000 mg/ml in all samples. At the turning point (14 mg/ml), DPPH clearance approaches maximum. Then, it slowly increased and stabilized at 83.830-86.342%. The IC ₅₀ values of P1 to P9 were 5.134, 4.974, 4.968, 5.419, 4.798, 3.532, 4.992, 4.909 and 5.398 mg/ml respectively. The horseradish seed oil obtained by the present invention shows superior antioxidant activity than some common oils (such as olive oil) that are considered to have high antioxidant activity, indicating that horsehorse seed oil can be used as a kind of oil in human diet. Health-promoting antioxidants.

2.3ATR-FTIR spectral analysis

The average spectrum of the ATR-FTIR spectra of all samples is shown in Figure 4. As shown in the figure, the main absorption peaks of horsetail seed oil are at 3009cm ^-1 , 2925cm ^-1 , 2854cm ^-1 , 1746cm ^-1 , 1652cm ^-1 , 1465cm ^-1 , 1378cm ^-1 , 1237cm ^-1 , 1163cm ^-1 , 1099cm ^-1 and 723cm ^-1 . There are a large number of CH ₃ and CH ₂ in fatty acids. The stretching vibration of the CH bond results in the formation of two strong absorption peaks near 2925cm ^-1 , 2854cm ^-1 , 1465cm ^-1 and 1378cm ^-1 . The 1746cm ^-1 peak represents the ester group. C=O in . The peaks at 1652 cm ^-1 and 723 cm ^-1 indicate the presence of C=C in the sample. The peaks at 1237 cm ^-1 and 1163 cm ^-1 represent the stretching and bending vibrations of CO and CH, respectively. The peak at 1099cm ^-1 is the stretching vibration of CO.

2.4 Model establishment

PCR is an effective spectral data compression and information extraction method, which can make the results more reliable and accurate by extracting several principal components. The PCR models of the three quality control indicators built are shown in Table 2.

Table 2. PCR models of three quality control indicators

Note: RMSEC: root mean square error of calibration; Rc: calibration coefficient; RMSEP: root mean square error of prediction; Rp: prediction coefficient; RPD: residual prediction bias; TPC: total polyphenol content; U/S: main unsaturated Ratio of fatty acids and saturated fatty acids; AC: antioxidant capacity; SNV: standard normalized variable.

Correlation analysis showed that the IC ₅₀ of DPPH scavenging by horsetail seed oil and the Pearson correlation coefficient of TPC were -0.881, indicating that TPC was highly significantly correlated with AC (P<0.01). The band at 1650 cm ^-1 contributed the highest positive correlation in the oxygen radical absorption capacity model. Therefore, 1567~1800cm ^-1 and 1567~1804cm ^-1 were selected as the modeling ranges of TPC and AC. Both TPC and AC models are satisfactory, with sufficiently high Rc, Rp (>0.95) and RPD (>3.50) values.

All CH, CO and C=C groups were used to build the U/S model, and the modeling intervals were 3040-2800cm ^-1 and 1700-640cm ^-1 . The U/S model also has good model effects, with RMSEC, RMSEP, Rc, Rp and RPD values of 0.478, 0.423, 0.941, 0.943 and 3.16 respectively.

The RPD value is considered an important parameter to estimate the predictive performance of the model. The higher the RPD value, the better the model performance. When RPD>2.5, it indicates that the model has acceptable predictive ability. The RPD values of the TPC and U/S models are both greater than 2.5, indicating that the established models can be used for measurement. The RPD value in the AC model is >5, indicating that the model has good prediction effect. Figure 5 shows the prediction results of each model for three parameters. There is a good correlation between the actual and predicted values of Cal set and Pre set. The above results demonstrate the high predictive ability of the model and particularly show the possibility of using ATR-FTIR for quality control of horsetail seed oil.

The present invention uses a method combining ATR-FTIR and chemometrics to establish a quantitative model of the total polyphenol content, the proportion of main unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, and the antioxidant capacity of horsetail seed oil. The results show that the AC model has higher Rc (0.988) and Rp (0.987), lower RMSEC (0.081) and RMSEP (0.088). In addition, the model has a high RPD value of 5.96 and no outliers, indicating that the model has good predictive performance. Both the TPC and U/S models have higher Rc and Rp values (>0.940) and RPD values (>3.00), showing higher prediction accuracy. Therefore, the model proposed by the present invention can be used for routine analysis of horse chestnut oil, and the workload of quality control of horse chestnut oil is very small. At the same time, the present invention innovatively applies the ATR-FTIR method to the rapid evaluation of seed oil AC, which can provide guidance for the quality evaluation of other plant seed oils.

The above specific embodiments are detailed descriptions of the present invention. It cannot be concluded that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, they can also Several simple deductions and substitutions should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The quality evaluation method of horsetail seed oil based on ATR-FTIR is characterized by including the following steps: Determine the content of ingredients to be tested for quality evaluation in horsetail seed oil; Collect ATR-FTIR spectra; Preprocessing by constant, standard normalized variable (SNV) and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) methods; Establish principal component regression prediction models for TPC, U/S and AC; Model performance is evaluated using the correlation coefficient of the calibration set, the correlation coefficient of the prediction set, the root mean square error of the calibration set, the root mean square error of the prediction set, and the residual prediction deviation; Analyzing the correlation between the actual value and the predicted value, the correlation coefficient between the calibration set and the predicted set of the built model is close to 1. This model can be used to evaluate the quality of marlin seed oil; When the method is used to evaluate the quality of horseradish seed oil, measuring the content of components to be evaluated in horseradish seed oil specifically includes: detection of total polyphenol content, determination of fatty acid components, and in vitro antioxidant activity detection; The method for detecting the total polyphenol content is: weigh the horseradish seed oil and dissolve it in a solvent, extract it through a column, elute with an alcohol solution, collect the eluent, evaporate the solvent, dissolve the residue with ultrasound, and use gallic acid with different concentrations. acid working solution to establish a standard curve and calculate the total polyphenol content; The method for measuring the fatty acid composition is as follows: weigh the horseradish seed oil, add KOH-CH ₃ OH solution and reflux until the oil droplets disappear, add BF ₃ -CH ₃ OH solution and continue to reflux for 1 to 5 minutes, cool to room temperature, and add an organic solvent. , the saturated sodium chloride solution is allowed to stand for layering, and the upper layer solution is taken up and added to anhydrous sodium sulfate, shaken and left to stand, the upper layer solution is taken up, and measured by GC-MS; The measurement conditions of the GC-MS are: using a capillary chromatographic column, the inlet temperature is 275-285°C; the carrier gas is helium; the injection volume is 0.5-2 μL; the split ratio (15-30): 1, and the temperature program is 40 Maintain ~55℃ for 0.5~3min, raise the temperature to 170~180℃ at 20~30℃/min, then raise the temperature to 220~240℃ at 2~6℃/min, and keep it for 3~6min; the ionization method is electron bombardment ion source. The column head pressure is 220~235KPa, and the transmission line temperature is 270~285℃; The method for detecting the antioxidant activity in vitro is as follows: using ethanol and petroleum ether to prepare different concentrations of horseradish seed oil, preparing positive controls and blank controls, adding DPPH-ethanol solution to the horsehorse seed oil, and then measuring in the absence of light. Absorbance was used to calculate the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of horsetail seed oil. 2. The quality evaluation method of horse chestnut oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method of the horse chestnut oil is: take the horse chestnut seeds that have been dried to a constant weight and have removed the testa, crush and sieve, Extract with supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain. 3. The quality evaluation method of horseradish seed oil according to claim 2, characterized in that the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction conditions are: 40-50°C, 25-34MPa pressure for 70-95 minutes. 4. The method for evaluating the quality of horseradish seed oil according to claim 1, characterized in that when collecting the ATR-FTIR spectrum, the spectrum is scanned 32 times in the area of 4000 to 400 cm ^-1 , and the scanning time is 28 to 37 s. , with a resolution of 4cm ^-1 and air as the background. 5. The method for evaluating the quality of horseradish seed oil according to claim 1, characterized in that during the pretreatment, the samples are randomly divided into a calibration group and a prediction group in a ratio of 2:1. 6. The method for evaluating the quality of horsetail seed oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the modeling ranges of the TPC and AC models are: 1567～1800cm ^-1 and 1567～1804cm ^-1 respectively; The modeling intervals of the U/S model are 2800~3040cm ^-1 and 640~1700cm ^-1 .