CN116334467A - 一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,涉及钢铁生产技术领域,采用高温出钢工艺,减少了铁水扒渣工序,有效降低了铁水损耗,提高了钢水收得率;通过CAS应用,减少了LF炉合金化时间,有效降低了冶炼过程电耗;通过电磁搅拌、动态轻压下及低温奥氏体化技术,改善了组织晶粒度及心部偏析,提高了钢板内部质量的稳定性;轧制工艺的稳定,获得了晶粒度不大于10级,拉伸性能稳定,低温韧性优异的铁素体、珠光体组织类型。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及钢铁生产技术领域,特别是涉及一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法。
背景技术
碳素结构钢具有一定的延伸率、强度、良好的韧性和焊接性,广泛应用于工程机械车辆、建筑、船板、零部件制造等领域。碳素结构钢一般采用C、Mn、Si合金成分体系,各家钢厂的合金设计差异不大,为了提高产品的市场竞争力,在合金设计与轧制方面降本难度较大,故需要寻找一种低成本的冶炼方法。
发明内容
本发明针对上述技术问题,克服现有技术的缺点,提供一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、铁水至脱硫站后进行倒罐处理,测温、取样后入转炉冶炼;
S2、转炉铁水装入量150±5吨,废钢装入量30±5吨,采用顶底复吹进行冶炼,终点温度1680~1720度;
S3、出钢过程加入500±50kg杂灰,200±50kg精炼渣,出钢过程钢包氩气流量400~500NL/min,出钢至3/2时氩气流量调整到50~100NL/min,出钢结束后钢板开到CAS位静搅5~8min,炉渣白渣后进行测温、取样;
S4、钢水在CAS位处理后送至LF炉进行成分、温度微调,成分符合后煨入50~80米钙线进行钙处理,钙处理后静搅8~10min,送至连浇浇铸;
S5、中包过热度10~30度,浇铸速度0.6~1.3m/min ,连铸浇铸过程中采用电磁搅拌、动态轻压下工艺;
S6、坯料表检合格后送至加热炉进行加热,加热温度1090~1120度,在炉时间8~12min/cm,cm为铸坯厚度;
S7、二开温度800~950度,终轧780~880度,返红温度400~700度,冷却后采用温矫直进行矫直;
S8、钢板剪切、标识、探伤及检测合格后入库发货。
本发明进一步限定的技术方案是:
前所述的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,其化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.10%~0.20%,Si:0.05%~0.35%,Mn:0.30%~0.60%,P:0.030%,S:0.025%,Al:0.010%~0.060%,N≤0.0120%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
前所述的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,其化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.10%~0.15%,Si:0.05%~0.20%,Mn:0.30%~0.50%,P:0.030%,S:0.025%,Al:0.010%~0.050%,N≤0.0120%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
前所述的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,其化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.15%~0.20%,Si:0.15%~0.35%,Mn:0.40%~0.60%,P:0.030%,S:0.025%,Al:0.020%~0.060%,N≤0.0120%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
前所述的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,钢板晶粒度≤10级,显微组织为铁素体、珠光体组织类型。
本发明的有益效果是:采用高温出钢工艺,减少了铁水扒渣工序,有效降低了铁水损耗,提高了钢水收得率;通过CAS应用,减少了LF炉合金化时间,有效降低了冶炼过程电耗;通过电磁搅拌、动态轻压下及低温奥氏体化技术,改善了组织晶粒度及心部偏析,提高了钢板内部质量的稳定性;轧制工艺的稳定,获得了晶粒度不大于10级,拉伸性能稳定,低温韧性优异的铁素体、珠光体组织类型,满足了客户的使用要求,降低了企业的制造成本。
附图说明
图1为实施例1产品的厚度方向相组织图。
实施方式
实施例
本实施例提供的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.3%,Si:0.09%,Mn:0.39%,P:0.017%,S:0.013%,Al:0.019%,N:0.0061%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
具体包括以下步骤:
S1、铁水至脱硫站后进行倒罐处理,测温、取样后入转炉冶炼;
S2、转炉铁水装入量153吨,废钢装入量30±53吨,采用顶底复吹进行冶炼,终点温度1689度;
S3、出钢过程加入531kg杂灰,224kg 精炼渣,出钢过程钢包氩气流量430NL/min,出钢至3/2时氩气流量调整到70NL/min,出钢结束后钢板开到CAS位静搅7min,炉渣白渣后进行测温、取样;
S4、钢水在CAS位处理后送至LF炉进行成分、温度微调,成分符合后煨入60米钙线进行钙处理,钙处理后静搅9min,送至连浇浇铸;
S5、中包过热度23度,浇铸速度0.9m/min,连铸浇铸过程中采用电磁搅拌、动态轻压下工艺;
S6、坯料表检合格后送至加热炉进行加热,加热温度1110度,在炉时间9min/cm,cm为铸坯厚度;
S7、二开温度870度,终轧790度,返红温度630度,冷却后采用温矫直进行矫直;
S8、钢板剪切、标识、探伤及检测合格后入库发货。
实施例
本实施例提供的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.19%,Si:0.31%,Mn:0.56%,P:0.023%,S:0.020%, Al:0.045%, N:0.055%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
具体包括以下步骤:
S1、铁水至脱硫站后进行倒罐处理,测温、取样后入转炉冶炼;
S2、转炉铁水装入量151吨,废钢装入量27吨,采用顶底复吹进行冶炼,终点温度1703度;
S3、出钢过程加入540kg杂灰,230kg 精炼渣,出钢过程钢包氩气流量460NL/min,出钢至3/2时氩气流量调整到80NL/min,出钢结束后钢板开到CAS位静搅7min,炉渣白渣后进行测温、取样;
S4、钢水在CAS位处理后送至LF炉进行成分、温度微调,成分符合后煨入70米钙线进行钙处理,钙处理后静搅8min,送至连浇浇铸;
S5、中包过热度17度,浇铸速度0.9m/min ,连铸浇铸过程中采用电磁搅拌、动态轻压下工艺;
S6、坯料表检合格后送至加热炉进行加热,加热温度1105度,在炉时间10min/cm,cm为铸坯厚度;
S7、二开温度930度,终轧850度,返红温度590度,冷却后采用温矫直进行矫直;
S8、钢板剪切、标识、探伤及检测合格后入库发货。
将实施例1、实施例2获得的产品进行力学性能测试,结果如下表:
本发明采用冶炼高温去磷硫技术及CAS炉技术的应用,降低了LF炉使用频次及时间,有效降低了冶炼成本,通过连铸技术应用及奥氏体化技术改进,获得了以铁素体、珠光体组织类型,产品经性能检验,强度与韧性匹配良好,满足了客户性能要求,降低了生产成本。
除上述实施例外,本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明要求的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1、铁水至脱硫站后进行倒罐处理,测温、取样后入转炉冶炼;
S2、转炉铁水装入量150±5吨,废钢装入量30±5吨,采用顶底复吹进行冶炼,终点温度1680~1720度;
S3、出钢过程加入500±50kg杂灰,200±50kg精炼渣,出钢过程钢包氩气流量400~500NL/min,出钢至3/2时氩气流量调整到50~100NL/min,出钢结束后钢板开到CAS位静搅5~8min,炉渣白渣后进行测温、取样;
S4、钢水在CAS位处理后送至LF炉进行成分、温度微调,成分符合后煨入50~80米钙线进行钙处理,钙处理后静搅8~10min,送至连浇浇铸;
S5、中包过热度10~30度,浇铸速度0.6~1.3m/min ,连铸浇铸过程中采用电磁搅拌、动态轻压下工艺;
S6、坯料表检合格后送至加热炉进行加热,加热温度1090~1120度,在炉时间8~12min/cm,cm为铸坯厚度;
S7、二开温度800~950度,终轧780~880度,返红温度400~700度,冷却后采用温矫直进行矫直;
S8、钢板剪切、标识、探伤及检测合格后入库发货。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于:其化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.10%~0.20%,Si:0.05%~0.35%,Mn:0.30%~0.60%,P:0.030%,S:0.025%,Al:0.010%~0.060%,N≤0.0120%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于:其化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.10%~0.15%,Si:0.05%~0.20%,Mn:0.30%~0.50%,P:0.030%,S:0.025%,Al:0.010%~0.050%,N≤0.0120%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于:其化学成分及质量百分比如下:C:0.15%~0.20%,Si:0.15%~0.35%,Mn:0.40%~0.60%,P:0.030%,S:0.025%,Al:0.020%~0.060%,N≤0.0120%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种低成本冶炼碳素结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于:钢板晶粒度≤10级,显微组织为铁素体、珠光体组织类型。
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