CN116332885A - 一种硝基杂环类sting激动剂及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种硝基杂环类sting激动剂及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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CN116332885A
CN116332885A CN202310105238.XA CN202310105238A CN116332885A CN 116332885 A CN116332885 A CN 116332885A CN 202310105238 A CN202310105238 A CN 202310105238A CN 116332885 A CN116332885 A CN 116332885A
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江涛
薛亮
王鑫
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种硝基杂环类STING激动剂及其制备方法和用途,具体如式(I)或式(Ⅱ)所示的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐,它们可用于制备具有激活STING信号通路的STING激动剂或用于制备预防或治疗STING介导的疾病的药物。
Figure DDA0004074525750000011
其中,X1、X2为O或S;Y1为C2~C12烷基或二乙基二硫醚基,Y2为C6H4或NH;n=0~3。本发明的硝基杂环类衍生物具有很好的稳定性,能够激活STING信号通路,诱导Ⅰ型干扰素的表达。这些化合物对病毒具有广泛的抑制作用,包括单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)、轮状病毒和新型冠状病毒等,本发明为开发抗病毒和抗肿瘤药物提供了重要参考。

Description

一种硝基杂环类STING激动剂及其制备方法和用途
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及一种硝基杂环类STING激动剂及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
目前,利用人体自身的免疫能力来治疗疾病的免疫疗法受到广泛关注和研究。而作为免疫治疗的明星分子,STING蛋白的调控剂同样受到研究者们的重点关注。STING在2013年首次被鉴定为一种细胞内适配器,可以感知cGAMP,而cGAMP是由胞质双链DNA(dsDNA)传感器cGAS产生的。此后,cGAS-STING信号的多个细节被揭示。有证据表明,无论是来自病毒或细菌的外源性dsDNA,还是来自细胞质中线粒体和受损细胞的内源性DNA,都可以被细胞质中的cGAS识别,这表明cGAS-STING在抗病毒和抗肿瘤免疫方面的重要性。通常,两个STING分子为单个cGAMP分子形成一个v型配体结合口袋。活化的STING同型二聚体然后易位到高尔基体或ERGIC,导致下游因子,干扰素调节因子3(IRF3)和核因子-κB(NF-κB)的激活,随后是I型干扰素(IFNs)和细胞因子的诱导。STING信号在抗病毒和抗肿瘤免疫中的节点作用使其成为药物干预的潜在靶点。
在过去的几十年里,相当大的努力已经致力于开发STING激动剂。天然STING配体(cGAMP和其他环二核苷酸(CDNs))容易水解。因此,一类早期开发的STING激动剂是抗水解cGAMP类似物,如ADU-S100,瘤内注射ADU-S100在小鼠模型中导致黑色素瘤和结肠癌消退,但单独使用ADU-S100或联合PD-1抑制剂在临床试验中的结果令人失望,原因不明。非核苷酸类STING激动剂也已开发出来。
目前,大多数STING激动剂被设计用于靶向STING的配体结合域(LBD)。尽管这些STING激动剂表现出良好的活性,但其效果并不都是有益的,特别是在肿瘤治疗中。为了保持细胞稳态,严格控制STING活性,以抑制生理条件下过度的自身免疫和异常炎症。因此,有必要采取可持续的策略来开发STING激动剂,一种效力温和的STING激动剂或者更加适合免疫疗法。
发明内容
本发明旨在寻找结构新、活性好、副作用轻微以及具有良好药物代谢性质的抗病毒和抗肿瘤候选化合物。这些化合物通过单用或与其他药物联用,从而达到提高现有抗病毒和抗肿瘤药物疗效并降低剂量和毒性的作用。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:
本发明提供了一种硝基杂环类化合物,具体如式(I)或式(II)
所示的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure SMS_1
其中,X1、X2为O或S;
Y1为C2~C12烷基或二乙基二硫醚基,Y2为C6H4或NH。
n=0~3。
进一步的,所述的硝基杂环类化合物其特征在于具有式(I)所示的结构式:
Figure SMS_2
其中,X1、X2为O或S;
Y1为二乙基二硫醚基或C2-C12烷基;
Y2为C6H4,则n=0或1;Y2为NH,则n=2或3。
进一步的,所述的硝基杂环类化合物具体如表1所示:
表1.化合物的编号和结构
Figure SMS_3
Figure SMS_4
Figure SMS_5
本发明还提供了所述的硝基杂环类化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
由通式1化合物与通式2化合物通过酰化反应得到通式化合物3;由化合物4与通式化合物2通过酰化反应得到通式化合物5,通式化合物5再通过酰化反应与通式化合物6得到通式化合物7。
Figure SMS_6
其中,X为S或O,Y为S-S、C2~C12烷基、C4H6或NH,n=0~3。
本发明还提供了所述的硝基杂环类化合物在细胞水平上对STING信号通路中的激动作用。
本发明还提供了所述的硝基杂环类化合物在抗病毒方面的应用。
进一步的,提供了化合物A12、A15、A16对于RRV和SARS-CoV2的抗病毒活性,此外还提供了A12对于HSV的抗病毒活性。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点和积极效果在于:
原有单硝基呋喃类化合物作为STING抑制剂使用,而本发明通过合理设计及合成得到的双硝基杂环类化合物可以作为STING激动剂使用,通过促进STING二聚体的形成进而激活STING信号通路,且化合物与STING的结合位点是全新的,这种作用机制和作用位点为后续STING激动剂的研发提供了新思路和新理论;得到的化合物具有广泛的抗病毒效果,包括轮状病毒、冠状病毒等,为抗病毒药物的研发提供了参考。
附图说明
图1是实例化合物A1-A12在野生型HT1080细胞和STING敲除型HT1080细胞中促进下游激酶蛋白TBK1表达图和促进Ⅰ型干扰素基因的表达图。
图2是实例化合物A12-A19在BMDC和BMDM两种细胞中促进TBK1表达、STING二聚体形成图和促进Ⅰ型干扰素基因的表达图。
图3实例化合物A12对人单纯疱疹病毒的抗病毒活性图和实例化合物A12、A15、A16对新型冠状病毒和轮状病毒的抗病毒活性图。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明具体实施方式中使用的原料、设备均为已知产品,通过购买市售产品获得。
下面缩写(表2)可在本说明书中使用
表2.缩写表
缩写 含义
EDCI 1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐
HOBt 1-羟基苯并三唑
DIPEA N,N-二异丙基乙胺
HATU 2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
实施例1
N,N'-(氮杂二基双(乙烷-2,1-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(化合物A-1)的制备
Figure SMS_7
将EDCI(332mg,1.73mmol)、HOBt(234mg,1.72mmol)和DIPEA(286μL,1.73mmol)加入到5-硝基呋喃-2-羧酸(180mg,1.15mmol)的DMF(20mL)溶液中,搅拌30min,然后加入二乙烯三胺(58mg,0.57mmol)。在室温下搅拌6h至反应完成后,向反应混合物中加入水。然后,过滤混合物,得到过滤后的残留物,并进一步真空干燥得到化合物A-1(211mg,48%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.02(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),7.79(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.42(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.54(q,J=6.1Hz,4H),3.09(d,J=6.3Hz,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ157.19,151.85,148.52,116.46,114.05,47.00,36.45.HRMS calcd for C14H16O8N5[M+H]+:m/z 382.0993,found 382.1001.
实施例2
N,N'-(氮杂二基双(乙烷-2,1-二基)双(5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酰胺)(A-2)的制备
按照实施例1的方法,将5-硝基呋喃-2-羧酸替换为5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酸,制得化合物A-2(204mg,51%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.21(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),8.14(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.80(d,J=4.6Hz,2H),3.48(q,J=6.1Hz,4H),2.98(t,J=6.1Hz,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ160.45,153.36,146.65,130.60,127.99,47.37,38.06.HRMS calcdfor C14H16O6N5S2[M+H]+:m/z 414.0537,found414.0542.
实施例3
N,N'-(1,4-亚苯基二(亚甲基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-3)的制备
按照实施例1的方法,将胺替换为1,4-苯二甲胺,制得化合物A-3(294mg,54%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.42(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.42(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.29(s,4H),4.44(d,J=6.0Hz,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.57,151.97,148.68,138.04,128.05,116.13,113.94,42.60.HRMS calcd for C18H14O8N4Na[M+H]+:m/z437.0704,found 437.0713.
实施例4
N,N'-(1,4-亚苯基二(亚甲基)双(5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酰胺)(A-4)的制备
按照实施例1的方法,将胺替换为1,4-苯二甲胺、5-硝基呋喃-2-羧酸替换为5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酸,制得化合物A-4(365mg,57%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.53(t,J=5.9Hz,2H),8.14(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.84(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.31(s,4H),4.47(d,J=5.9Hz,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.79,159.96,153.43,146.75,137.98,130.68,127.9743.12.HRMS calcd for C18H14O6N4S2Na[M+Na]+:m/z 469.0247,found 469.0252.
实施例5
N,N'-(二硫二基双(乙烷-2,1-二基))双(5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酰胺)(A-5)的制备
按照实施例1的方法,将胺替换为胱胺二盐酸盐、5-硝基呋喃-2-羧酸替换为5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酸,制得化合物A-5(170mg,63%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.18(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),8.13(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.78(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),3.57(q,J=6.4Hz,4H),2.94(t,J=6.8Hz,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ160.08,153.39,146.61,130.63,127.80,37.17.HRMS calcd for C14H15O6N4S4[M+H]+:m/z462.9869,found 462.9862.
实施例6
N,N'-(二硫二基双(乙烷-2,1-二基))双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-6)的制备
按照实施例1的方法,将胺替换为胱胺二盐酸盐制得化合物A-6(184mg,67%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.04(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.40(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.56(q,J=6.5Hz,4H),2.93(t,J=6.8Hz,4H).13CNMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.66,151.92,148.57,116.16,113.94,38.76,37.19.HRMS calcd for C14H15O8N4S2[M+H]+:m/z431.0326,found 431.0322.
实施例7
5-硝基-N-(2-((2-(5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酰胺)乙基)二磺酰基)乙基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(A-7)的制备
Figure SMS_8
在5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酸的DMF(20mL)溶液中加入EDCI(166mg,0.87mmol)、HOBt(117mg,0.87mmol)和DIPEA(143μL,0.87mmol),搅拌30min后加入胱胺二盐酸盐(128mg,0.57mmol)。在室温下搅拌3h后,加入5-硝基呋喃-2-羧酸(91mg,0.58mmol)、EDCI(166mg,0.87mmol)、HOBt(117mg,0.87mmol)和DIPEA(143μL,0.87mmol)。在室温搅拌6h,反应完成后,向反应混合物中加入水。然后对混合物进行过滤,得到固体,在真空中进一步干燥,得到化合物A-7(149mg,58%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.17(td,J=5.7,2.6Hz,1H),9.08–8.93(m,1H),8.13(dd,J=4.4,1.3Hz,1H),7.84–7.71(m,2H),7.40(d,J=3.9Hz,1H),3.56(q,J=6.1Hz,4H),2.93(td,J=6.7,2.8Hz,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ160.09,156.66,153.40,151.92,148.57,146.60,130.65,127.82,116.16,113.95,38.73,37.17.HRMS calcd for C14H15O7N4S3[M+H]+:m/z 447.0100,found 447.0100.
实施例8
N,N'-(己烷-1,6-二基)双(5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酰胺)(A-8)的制备
按照实施例1的方法,将胺替换为1,6-己二胺、5-硝基呋喃-2-羧酸替换为5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酸,制得化合物A-8(124mg,54%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.96(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),8.13(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.79(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),3.26(q,J=6.6Hz,4H),1.54(t,J=7.0Hz,4H),1.41–1.27(m,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ159.78,153.21,147.21,130.63,127.50,29.25,26.56.HRMS calcd for C16H19O6N4S2[M+H]+:m/z 427.0741,found427.0732.
实施例9
5-硝基-N-(6-(5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酰胺基)己基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(A-9)的制备
按照实施例7的方法,将胺替换为1,6-己二胺,制得化合物A-9(149mg,58%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.95(t,J=5.7Hz,1H),8.86(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),8.13(d,J=4.3Hz,1H),7.78(dd,J=4.4,1.1Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=3.9Hz,1H),7.38(d,J=3.9Hz,1H),3.25(p,J=6.2Hz,4H),1.60–1.43(m,4H),1.33(m,J=3.6Hz,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ159.79,156.46,153.21,151.86,148.95,147.20,130.65,127.51,115.76,113.95,29.29,26.56.HRMS calcd for C16H19O7N4S[M+H]+:m/z 411.0969,found 411.0962.
实施例10
N,N'-(戊烷-1,5-二基)双(5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酰胺)(A-10)的制备
按照实施例1的方法,将胺替换为1,5-戊二胺、5-硝基呋喃-2-羧酸替换为5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酸,制得化合物A-10(140mg,59%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.92(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),8.09(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),3.25(q,J=6.6Hz,4H),1.54(p,J=7.3Hz,4H),1.38–1.28(m,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6)δ159.80,153.21,147.19,130.62,127.51,28.96,24.20.HRMS calcd for C15H17O6N4S2[M+H]+:m/z 413.0584,found413.0576.
实施例11
5-硝基-N-(5-(5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酰胺)戊基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(A-11)的制备
按照实施例7的方法,将胺替换为1,5-壬二胺,制得化合物A-11(112mg,49%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.96(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),8.87(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),8.30–8.03(m,1H),7.93–7.63(m,2H),7.59–7.25(m,1H),3.27(q,J=5.6,4.6Hz,4H),1.70–1.46(m,4H),1.35(dd,J=13.0,8.6,4.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ159.81,156.48,153.22,151.86,148.94,147.19,130.62,127.51,115.77,113.94,28.99(d,J=5.2Hz),24.21.HRMS calcdfor C15H17O7N4S[M+H]+:m/z 397.0812,found 397.0806.
实施例12
N,N'-(戊烷-1,5-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-12)的制备
按照实施例1的方法,将胺替换为1,5-戊二胺制得化合物A-12(156mg,64%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.88(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),7.74(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.39(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.26(q,J=6.7Hz,4H),1.55(p,J=7.3Hz,4H),1.34(qd,J=8.3,2.9Hz,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ159.81,156.48,153.22,151.86,148.94,147.19,130.62,127.51,115.77,113.94,28.99,24.21.HRMS calcd for C15H17O8N4[M+H]+:m/z 397.0812,found397.0806.
实施例13
Figure SMS_9
N,N'-(丁烷-1,4-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-13)的制备
5-硝基呋喃-2-羧酸(180mg,1.15mmol)溶于DMF(20mL)中,搅拌条件下加入HATU(653mg,1.73mmol)和DIPEA(286μL,1.73mmol)。搅拌反应30min,然后加入1,4-丁二胺(50mg,0.57mmol)。在室温下搅拌6h后,加入饱和NH4Cl溶液。沉淀的固体被过滤,用乙醚洗涤,然后在真空中干燥,得到化合物A-13(208mg,89%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.89(q,J=5.6Hz,2H),7.82–7.65(m,2H),7.46–7.27(m,2H),3.27(q,J=7.7,6.6Hz,4H),1.55(d,J=9.2,4.2Hz,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.50,151.86,148.89,115.81,113.94,39.03,26.86.HRMS calcd for C14H15O8N4[M+H]+:m/z 367.0884,found 367.0882.
实施例14
N,N'-(己烷-1,6-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-14)的制备
按照实施例13的方法,将胺替换为1,6-己二胺制得化合物A-14(162mg,72%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.86(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.38(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.25(q,J=6.7Hz,4H),1.51(q,J=6.8Hz,4H),1.38–1.27(m,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.46,151.85,148.95,115.76,113.94,29.32,26.54.HRMS calcd forC16H19O8N4[M+H]+:m/z 395.1197,found395.1191.
实施例15
N,N'-(庚烷-1,7-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-15)的制备
按照实施例13的方法,将胺替换为1,7-庚二胺制得化合物A-15(208mg,80%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.86(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),7.74(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.38(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.25(q,J=6.7Hz,4H),1.52(p,J=6.8Hz,4H),1.30(t,J=4.7Hz,6H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.45,151.85,148.95,115.75,113.94,29.32,28.86,26.79.HRMScalcd for C17H21O8N4[M+H]+:m/z 409.1354,found 409.1349.
实施例16
N,N'-(辛烷-1,8-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-16)的制备
按照实施例13的方法,将胺替换为1,8-辛二胺制得化合物A-16(221mg,82%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.86(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.38(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.24(q,J=6.7Hz,4H),1.51(t,J=7.0Hz,4H),1.29(s,8H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.44,151.85,148.96,115.75,113.94,29.34,29.11,26.81.HRMS calcd for C18H23O8N4[M+H]+:m/z 423.1510,found 423.1506.
实施例17
N,N'-(壬烷-1,9-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-17)的制备
按照实施例13的方法,将胺替换为1,9-壬二胺制得化合物A-17(212mg,76%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.85(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.38(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.24(q,J=6.7Hz,4H),1.51(p,J=6.8Hz,4H),1.33–1.21(m,10H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.43,151.85,148.96,115.74,113.94,29.34,29.13,26.82.HRMS calcd forC19H25O8N4[M+H]+:m/z 437.1667,found 437.1658.
实施例18
N,N'-(癸烷-1,10-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-18)的制备
按照实施例13的方法,将胺替换为1,10-葵二胺制得化合物A-18(220mg,77%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.86(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.39(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.24(q,J=6.7Hz,4H),1.50(p,J=6.8Hz,4H),1.27(d,J=4.6Hz,12H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.43,151.85,148.97,115.75,113.95,29.37,29.17,26.84.HRMScalcd for C20H27O8N4[M+H]+:m/z 451.1823,found 451.1813.
实施例19
N,N'-(十二烷-1,12-二基)双(5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺)(A-19)的制备
按照实施例13的方法,将胺替换为1,12-十二胺制得化合物A-19(198mg,72%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.85(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),7.38(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),3.24(q,J=6.7Hz,4H),1.50(t,J=6.9Hz,4H),1.30–1.23(m,16H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.45,151.86,148.95,115.76,113.94,29.32,28.86,26.79.HRMS calcd forC22H30O8N4Na[M+Na]+:m/z 501.1956,found 501.1959.
实施例20:化合物对STING信号通路激活活性评价
实验原理:STING的内源性配体及其替代物能特异性地结合到内质网上的STING蛋白二聚体形成的“V”形口袋内,进而诱导STING蛋白的多聚化进而激活STING。接着STING会从内质网转移到高尔基体,招募并磷酸化激酶TBK1和转录因子IRF3,磷酸化的TBK1促进STING和IRF3的磷酸化,在IRF3磷酸化后其会二聚化入核促进I型干扰素(如IFN-β)的表达。因此,通过检测化合物处理细胞后TBK1激酶的磷酸化水平和IFN-B基因表达水平的影响可间接评判化合物是否具有激活STING信号通路的作用。
实验方法:通过Western Blotting验证TBK1的磷酸化水平、qPCR验证IFN-β的表达水平。使细胞在细胞版中生长至80%丰度时,分别用化合物A1-A19和阳性对照cGAMP、ADU-S100处理细胞5h,化合物浓度为20μM,cGAMP、ADU-S100浓度为2μg/mL。收集细胞并裂解,分别提取蛋白和RNA进行Western Blotting和qPCR实验。
Western Blotting实验步骤:SDS-PAGE电泳:将样品95℃煮沸5min,短暂离心后涡旋混匀,上样;浓缩电压60V时间30min,分离电压120V,约1h 20min,转膜95V,120min。加入封闭液覆盖膜表面,室温封闭1h,或4℃封闭过夜。封闭时需缓慢摇晃。一抗孵育:适宜稀释倍数一抗(一般1:1000),用含5%脱脂奶粉或者BSA的TBST稀释,置于湿盒中,室温孵育1-2h(部分抗体需4℃摇床孵育过夜)。用5-10mL TBST洗膜洗膜3次,每次10min(如背景重,可适当增加洗膜次数和时间)。二抗孵育:适当稀释倍数二抗(一般1:5000),用含5%脱脂奶粉TBST稀释,置于湿盒中,室温摇床孵育1h(二抗孵育不要超过2h).孵育后TBST洗膜10min×3次。显影。
qPCR实验步骤:先稀释样品,将cDNA稀释十倍,20μL cDNA加180μLddH2O。然后按下列组份(表3)配制qPCR反应液(反应液配制请在冰上进行)。将配置好的反应液加入qPCR管中,压紧离心管盖子,离心,准备扩增。最后按照下列条件(表4)进行qPCR反应。
表3.qPCR反应液配方
Figure SMS_10
表4.qPCR反应条件
Figure SMS_11
Figure SMS_12
实验结果如图1和图2所示,图1表明A1-A12都能在一定程度上促进p-TBK1的表达,其中A12活性最好,在野生型HT1080细胞中,A12明显促进TBK1的磷酸化,但当STING敲除后,这种促进效果消失了,证明A12的作用靶点即为STING蛋白。同时在图1C中可以看到这些化合物都能够促进IFN-β的表达,A12的活性最好,A12是一个具有研究价值的新型STING小分子激动剂。图2表明A12及其衍生物A13-A19都能够促进TBK1的磷酸化,也能够促进IFN-β的基因表达。
实施例21:A12、A15和A16的抗病毒活性评价
实验原理:STING信号通路的激活,可以产生I型干扰素和一些促炎细胞因子等,后续信号通路的激活可以杀死侵入细胞的病毒。
实验方法:用化合物预处理细胞1h,再病毒感染一定时间后,收集细胞并裂解,提取RNA和蛋白,同样采用qPCR和Western Blotting测定抗病毒活性。
实验结果如图3所示,通过Western blot检测病毒蛋白ICP0的表达,A12抑制了HSV的复制(图3A)。对病毒RNA进行检测,A12对HSV的EC50为6.15μM(图3A)。化合物A12、A15和A16也能显著抑制轮状病毒(RRV)(图3B)和新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2(图3C)的复制。以上结果表明,A12及其衍生物能够激活STING信号通路,并且具有明显的抗病毒效果,是一种新型的STING激动剂。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其进行限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明所要求保护的技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (8)

1.具体如式(I)或式(Ⅱ)所示的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure FDA0004074525720000011
其中,X1、X2为O或S;
Y1为C2~C12烷基或二乙基二硫醚基,Y2为C6H4或NH;
n=0~3。
2.根据权利要求1所述的硝基杂环类化合物,其特征在于,所述硝基杂环类化合物具有式(I)或式(Ⅱ)所示的结构式:
Figure FDA0004074525720000012
其中,X1、X2为O或S;
Y1为二乙基二硫醚基或C2~C12烷基;
Y2为C6H4,则n=0或1;Y2为NH,则n=2或3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的硝基杂环类化合物,其特征在于,所述硝基杂环类化合物具体为:
Figure FDA0004074525720000013
Figure FDA0004074525720000021
Figure FDA0004074525720000031
4.权利要求3所述的硝基杂环类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
由通式1化合物与通式2化合物通过酰化反应得到通式化合物3;由化合物4与通式化合物2通过酰化反应得到通式化合物5,通式化合物5再通过酰化反应与通式化合物6得到通式化合物7。
Figure FDA0004074525720000032
其中,X为S或O,Y为S-S、C2~C12烷基、C4H6或NH,n=0~3。
5.一种药物组合物,其特征在于包括药物有效量的活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料;所述活性成分包括权利要求1至3任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
6.权利要求1至3任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求5所述的药物组合物在制备激活cGAS-STING通路类药物中的用途。
7.权利要求1至3任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求5所述的药物组合物在制备药物中的用途,所述药物为用于治疗与STING通路活性相关的疾病;优选的,与STING通路活性相关的疾病是自身免疫病、感染性疾病、癌症和癌前期综合征相关的疾病中的一种或几种。
8.权利要求1至3任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求5所述的药物组合物在制备免疫佐剂中的用途。
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