CN116328211B - BNCT treatment beam detection device - Google Patents
BNCT treatment beam detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116328211B CN116328211B CN202310271970.4A CN202310271970A CN116328211B CN 116328211 B CN116328211 B CN 116328211B CN 202310271970 A CN202310271970 A CN 202310271970A CN 116328211 B CN116328211 B CN 116328211B
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- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/103—Treatment planning systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1075—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for testing, calibrating, or quality assurance of the radiation treatment apparatus
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a BNCT treatment beam detection device, which comprises a screening piece capable of being selectively disassembled and assembled, a conversion piece capable of being selectively disassembled and assembled and a detection assembly, wherein the detection assembly comprises a drift electrode, a channel electrode plate and an anode plate, working gas is filled between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate, the channel electrode plate is provided with a plurality of electronic channels, an electric field is formed between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate, and the anode plate is provided with a plurality of readers; in the first working state, the screening part is arranged at one side of the drift electrode facing the BNCT treatment beam injection direction, and the conversion part is arranged between the screening part and the channel electrode plate; in the second working state, BNCT treatment beams are directly injected into the drifting electrode, and the conversion piece is arranged between the screening piece and the channel electrode plate; in the third working state, BNCT therapeutic beams are directly injected into the drift electrode, and the channel electrode plates directly receive charged particles generated by the BNCT therapeutic beams and working gas. The detection device in the embodiment of the invention achieves the purpose of acquiring the distribution condition of each component in the BNCT treatment beam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radiation detection, in particular to a BNCT treatment beam detection device.
Background
BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy ) is a precise tumor diagnosis and treatment method which is rapidly developed in recent years. The purpose of killing tumor cells is achieved by emitting BNCT therapeutic beams toward the tumor site of the patient.
The BNCT therapeutic beam mainly comprises thermal neutrons, epithermal neutrons, fast neutrons and gamma rays, wherein the energy level of the thermal neutrons is smaller than 0.5eV (electron volt), the energy level of the epithermal neutrons is between 0.5eV and 40keV, the energy level of the fast neutrons is larger than 40keV, and the energy level of the gamma rays is larger than 124keV.
The effects of each component in the BNCT therapeutic beam on human tissue and tumors are different. Thus, obtaining the distribution of the different components of the BNCT therapeutic beam in space is directly related to the formulation and effect of the therapeutic regimen.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a probe device that can measure the distribution of different components in a BNCT therapeutic beam.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application is implemented as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a detection device of BNCT treatment beams, which comprises:
a selectively removable screening member;
a selectively removable transition piece;
the detection assembly comprises a drift electrode, a channel electrode plate and an anode plate which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the BNCT treatment beam injection direction, working gas is filled between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate, the channel electrode plate is provided with a plurality of electron channels penetrating along the BNCT treatment beam injection direction so as to allow electrons to pass through the channel electrode plate through the electron channels, an electric field is formed between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate so as to drive the electrons to move from the drift electrode towards the channel electrode plate, and a plurality of readers are arranged on one side of the anode plate towards the BNCT treatment beam injection direction;
the detection device comprises a first working state, a second working state and a third working state;
in the first working state, at least part of the screening piece is arranged on one side of the drifting electrode towards the BNCT treatment beam injection direction, and the conversion piece is arranged between the screening piece and the channel electrode plate;
in the second working state, BNCT treatment beams are directly injected into the drift electrode, and the conversion piece is arranged between the screening piece and the channel electrode plate;
in the third working state, BNCT treatment beams are directly injected into the drift electrode, and the channel electrode plates directly receive the BNCT treatment beams and charged particles generated by the working gas.
In some embodiments, the material of the sifting piece is cadmium; and/or the material of the conversion piece is 6 LiF。
In some embodiments, the working gas is a mixture of argon and carbon dioxide.
In some embodiments, the surface resistivity of the surface of the anode plate facing the BNCT treatment beam incident direction is 1MΩ/cm 2 To 1kM omega/cm 2 。
In some embodiments, the anode plate is coated with a diamond carbon coating on the side facing the BNCT therapeutic beam injection direction.
In some embodiments, at least one of the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate is movable in a BNCT therapeutic beam injection direction to adjust a spacing between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate.
In some embodiments, the detection assembly includes a plurality of struts connected between the channel electrode plates and the anode plates, the struts being of a conductive material.
In some embodiments, the pillars are arranged in an array, and the pillars are equally spaced.
In some embodiments, in the first operating state and the second operating state, the transition piece is disposed between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate.
In some embodiments, the reader includes first readout strips and second readout strips, each of the first readout strips extending in a first direction and disposed in parallel with equal spacing therebetween, each of the second readout strips extending in a second direction and disposed in parallel with equal spacing therebetween, the first readout strips and the second readout strips being staggered.
In some embodiments, the anode plate is grounded, the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate are both connected to a negative high voltage, and the absolute value of the negative high voltage of the drift electrode is greater than the absolute value of the negative high voltage of the channel electrode plate.
In some embodiments, the detecting device includes a housing, an installation cavity is disposed in the housing, the detecting component is disposed in the installation cavity, an incident hole is disposed on one side of the housing facing the incident direction of the BNCT therapeutic beam, the incident hole is communicated with the installation cavity and the outside, and in the first working state, the screening component is detachably disposed on the outer side of the housing and covers the position of the incident hole.
In some embodiments, the housing is made of aluminum and/or stainless steel.
According to the detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the screening piece and the conversion piece are arranged, so that the purpose of acquiring the distribution condition of each component in the BNCT treatment beam can be realized by respectively disassembling and assembling the screening piece and the conversion piece under the condition that the basic structure of the detection component is not changed, the structure is simple, the operation is easy, the application range of the detection device is widened, the improvement on the existing equipment is facilitated, and the use cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a detecting device in a first working state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the detecting unit of FIG. 1 in a second operating state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the detecting unit of FIG. 1 in a third operating state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a detecting device in a first working state according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic layout of a pillar and a readout strip in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
A screening member 10; a conversion member 20; a detection assembly 30; a drift electrode 31; a channel electrode plate 32; an anode plate 33; a reader 331; a first readout bar 3311; a second readout bar 3312; a pillar 34; a housing 40; a mounting cavity 40a; an inlet hole 40b
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other, and the detailed description in the specific embodiments should be interpreted as an explanation of the gist of the present application and should not be construed as undue limitation to the present application.
In the description of the present application, the "BNCT therapeutic beam incident direction" orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in fig. 1 to 4, and the "first direction" and the "second direction" orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in fig. 5, it should be understood that these orientation terms are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a detection device for a BNCT therapeutic beam, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the detection device includes a selectively detachable screening member 10, a selectively detachable conversion member 20, and a detection assembly 30, wherein the detection assembly 30 includes a drift electrode 31, a channel electrode plate 32, and an anode plate 33.
The screening element 10 is used to screen out one of thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons in the BNCT therapeutic beam, that is, the screening element 10 is capable of blocking thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons and allowing other components of the thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons that are not blocked from passing through the screening element 10 with the other components in the BNCT therapeutic beam.
Neutrons are electrically neutral and cannot cause ionization and excitation of a substance or indirectly detect the substance by reacting with electrons, so that the neutrons are required to react with other substances and indirectly analyze the neutrons by secondary substances generated by the reaction.
The conversion element 20 is adapted to react with incident thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons.
Based on the principle of the nuclear reaction method, thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons can react with nuclei in the material constituting the conversion member 20 after entering the conversion member 20 from one side of the conversion member 20, thereby generating charged particles and gamma rays with high energy, and the charged particles and gamma rays are emitted from the other side of the conversion member 20.
The emission direction of the charged particles and gamma rays emitted by the conversion element 20 is substantially the same as the incidence direction of thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons, i.e. substantially the same as the incidence direction of BNCT therapeutic beams.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the drift electrode 31, the channel electrode plate 32 and the anode plate 33 are sequentially spaced apart along the BNCT therapeutic beam injection direction, respectively.
The drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 are filled with a working gas.
On the one hand, the atomic nuclei in the working gas can be used as target targets to elastically collide with fast neutrons, so that high-energy recoil nuclei are generated, and electrons can be generated by ionization of the recoil nuclei; on the other hand, the air contains a large amount of water, and the water has a slowing effect on the medium and can absorb charged particles, so that the accuracy of the final detection result is adversely affected, and the original air between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 is replaced by the working gas, so that the authenticity and the accuracy of the final detection result are improved.
It will be appreciated that both charged particles generated by nuclear reactions of thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons with the conversion member 20, respectively, and recoil nuclei generated by fast neutrons with the working gas are capable of ionization to generate ion-electron pairs; the gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic fields, and electrons can be generated by direct ionization. That is, thermal neutrons, epithermal neutrons, fast neutrons, and gamma rays are all capable of energy deposition and electron generation.
The channel electrode plate 32 is provided with a plurality of electron channels penetrating along the BNCT treatment beam injection direction so as to allow electrons to pass through the channel electrode plate 32 through the electron channels.
An electric field is formed between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 to drive electrons generated by ionization between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 to move from the drift electrode 31 toward the channel electrode plate 32 and further pass through an electron channel on the channel electrode plate 32 until moving onto the anode plate 33, and at the same time, the generated ions can move toward the channel electrode plate 32 and a signal is sensed by the channel electrode plate 32.
The anode plate 33 is provided with a plurality of readers 331 on one side facing the BNCT treatment beam injection direction. The reader 331 is capable of sensing electrons moving onto the anode plate 33 as well as gamma rays.
Each reader 331 is capable of forming at least one signal recording channel.
The reader 331 is a readout PCB (printed circuit board ) and the principle and specific structure thereof for realizing the inductive electrons are already applied in the related art, and will not be described herein.
In unit time, the electronic signals sensed by the reader 331 can acquire the deposition energy and the recording times of the signal recording channel, and the distribution situation of the single component in the BNCT treatment beam can be acquired by combining the distribution position of the reader 331.
It will be appreciated that thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons have fast energy deposition rates for the ion-electron pairs generated by the working gas compared to the charged particles generated by the conversion element 20, respectively, and can be recorded by the signal recording channels in small numbers, with significant differences in the signals generated by the reader 331, and therefore, the signal data of the two can be separated. Compared with fast neutrons, the gamma rays have low energy deposition of the generated signals, can be recorded by a plurality of signal recording channels, and can separate the signal data of the gamma rays and the signal data of the gamma rays.
It should be noted that, the specific method for obtaining the energy deposition size and the recording times of the signal recording channel by the electronic signal sensed by the reader 331, the computing device electrically connected to the detecting device, the related analysis software and the algorithm for separating the signals of different components are already applied in the related art, and will not be described herein.
The detection device comprises a first working state and a second working state.
In the first operating state, at least part of the screening member 10 is arranged on one side of the drift electrode 31 facing the BNCT therapeutic beam injection direction, and the conversion member 20 is arranged between the screening member 10 and the channel electrode plate 32.
In the first operating state, the screening member 10 blocks one of thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons, makes the other pass through the conversion member 20 and reacts to emit charged particles, and the energy deposition values and the recording numbers of the signal recording channels respectively generated by the charged particles, the ion-electron pairs generated by the fast neutrons and the working gas and gamma rays are respectively recorded by the readers 331 at different positions, so that the relevant data of the charged particles are separated and analyzed, and the distribution data of components generating the charged particles can be obtained.
In the second operating state, the BNCT therapeutic beam is directly injected into the drift electrode 31, that is, the screening member 10 is removed so that all components in the BNCT therapeutic beam can be injected into the drift electrode 31, and the conversion member 20 is disposed between the screening member 10 and the channel electrode plate 32.
In the second operating state, both thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons pass through the conversion member 20 and react to emit charged particles, the energy deposition values generated by the charged particles, the ion-electron pairs generated by the fast neutrons and the working gas, and the gamma rays, and the recorded numbers of the signal recording channels are recorded by the readers 331 at different positions, respectively, the relevant data of the charged particles are separated and analyzed, and the distribution data of one of the thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons blocked by the screening member 10 obtained in the first operating state is removed, so that the distribution data of the other one of the thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons not blocked by the screening member 10 is obtained.
In the third operating state, the BNCT therapeutic beam is directly injected into the drift electrode 31, and the channel electrode plate 32 directly receives the BNCT therapeutic beam and charged particles generated by the working gas. That is, the screening member 10 and the converting member 20 are removed, and the thermal neutrons and the epithermal neutrons pass through the detecting assembly 30 without reacting, and the reader 331 can only sense signals generated by fast neutrons and gamma rays, and separate signal data of the two, so as to obtain distribution data of the fast neutrons and the gamma rays.
It is understood that the sequence of the detecting device in the first working state, the second working state and the third working state is arbitrary.
The detection device in the embodiment of the invention can achieve the purpose of acquiring the distribution condition of each component in the BNCT treatment beam by respectively disassembling and assembling the screening piece 10 and the conversion piece 20 under the condition of not changing the basic structure of the detection assembly 30 by arranging the screening piece 10 and the conversion piece 20, has simple structure and easy operation, widens the application range of the detection device, is beneficial to the modification on the existing equipment, and reduces the use cost.
The specific material of the sifter 10 is not limited.
Illustratively, the material of the sifter 10 is cadmium. The cadmium element and the thermal neutron have a larger reaction cross section than the thermal neutron, so that the thermal neutrons passing through the screening element 10 are far more than the thermal neutrons, the conversion element 20 reacts with the thermal neutrons and generates charged particles in the first working state, the distribution of the thermal neutrons is finally obtained, and the distribution of the thermal neutrons is obtained by combining the data in the second working state.
The specific shape of the screening member 10 is not limited, for example, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the screening member 10 is plate-shaped to reduce the size of the detection device along the injection direction of the BNCT therapeutic beam, while reducing the energy loss of other components not blocked by the screening member 10; for another example, the screening member 10 is shell-shaped, and the detecting assembly 30 and the converting member 20 are wrapped in the screening member 10 to reduce interference.
It will be appreciated that there is only one species of material of the conversion element 20 that is capable of reacting with neutrons, so as to avoid interference between different charged particles generated by the plurality of species from affecting the accuracy of the results.
The substance capable of reacting with neutrons is particularly not limited, for example, an isotope of lithium 6 Isotopes of Li and boron 10 B. Isotope of cadmium 113 Cd. Isotope of gadolinium 158 Gd, and the like.
In some embodiments, the material of the conversion element 20 is 6 LiF， 6 LiF has a higher density of lithium atoms per unit mass, thereby improving neutron conversion efficiency, and in natural LiF 6 The content of Li is higher, which is beneficial to reducing the cost.
Neutrons (neutrons) 6 The nuclear reaction of Li is as follows:
n+ 6 Li→α+ 3 H+4.780MeV
wherein n is a neutron, alpha is an alpha particle, 3 h is tritium atom.
It will be appreciated that the thickness of the conversion element 20 is relatively thin to reduce the energy loss generated by charged particles generated by the conversion element 20 during passage through the conversion element 20.
For example, in the case of the material of the conversion element 20 being 6 In the case of LiF, the conversion member 20 is a thin film structure of 10nm (nanometer) to 20nm thickness.
Specific elements in the working gas capable of elastically colliding with fast neutrons to generate recoil nuclei are not limited, for example 4 He、 12 C, etc.,
the specific composition of the working gas is not limited.
Illustratively, the working gas is a mixture of argon and carbon dioxide. On one hand, argon can be ionized to form ion-electron pairs, and carbon dioxide gas can be used as quenching gas, so that the probability of continuous discharge ionization is reduced; on the other hand, in carbon dioxide 12 C can elastically collide with fast neutrons to generate recoil nuclei.
The specific ratio of argon to carbon dioxide is not limited, and for example, the ratio of the volume fractions of argon and carbon dioxide is 93:7.
In some embodiments, the anode plate 33 faces the surface of the BNCT therapeutic beam on the side of the incident directionResistivity of 1MΩ/cm 2 (mega-ohm per square centimeter, megaohms per square cm) to 1kMΩ/cm 2 The electrons received by the reader 331 need to accumulate more to generate signals, so that the situation that the reader 331 generates excessive signals under the condition of high BNCT treatment beam fluence rate is reduced, and the detection device can work normally under the condition of high BNCT treatment beam fluence rate.
The specific resistivity of the surface resistivity of the anode plate 33 on the side facing the BNCT treatment beam incident direction is not limited, and is, for example, 1MΩ/cm 2 、10MΩ/cm 2 、100MΩ/cm 2 、1kMΩ/cm 2 Etc.
Realizing that the surface resistivity of the surface of the anode plate 33 facing the BNCT treatment beam injection direction reaches 1MΩ/cm 2 To 1kM omega/cm 2 The specific manner of (a) is not limited.
Illustratively, the anode plate 33 is coated with a diamond carbon coating on the side facing the BNCT therapeutic beam injection direction.
It will be appreciated that the gap between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 is sized so that as many particles as possible are deposited from the various components of the BNCT therapeutic beam, while thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons are respectively associated with alpha particles and alpha particles generated by the conversion member 20 3 The gap required for complete deposition of H is not the same as the gap required for complete deposition of the recoil nuclei generated by fast neutrons.
In some embodiments, at least one of the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 can move along the BNCT therapeutic beam incidence direction to adjust the distance between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32, so that the detection device is in different working states, the distance between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 is different, so that particles generated by each component in the BNCT therapeutic beam are deposited as much as possible, and energy loss is reduced.
In the embodiment where the material of the screening element 10 is cadmium and the material of the conversion element 20 is LiF, the distance between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 is 4.5mm (millimeter) to 5.5mm in the first and second operating states, and the specific values may be 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, etc. to enable thermal neutrons and epithermalNeutrons are separately associated with alpha particles and alpha particles generated by the conversion member 20 3 H is deposited as much as possible to improve the final detection accuracy; in the third working state, the distance between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 is 2.5mm to 3.5mm, and specific values can be 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, etc., so that the recoil nuclei generated by fast neutrons are deposited as much as possible, and meanwhile, the energy loss caused by overlarge gaps is reduced.
The specific manner in which at least one of the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 is movable in the BNCT treatment beam injection direction is not limited.
Illustratively, the edges of the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 are provided with pulleys and locking structures, the locking structures are in an unlocked state, the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 can move on a platform for placing the detection assembly 30 along the BNCT treatment beam injection direction through the pulleys until the distance between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 is adjusted to meet the requirement, and then the locking structures are operated to be in a locked state so as to keep the distance between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 stable.
The specific manner in which the channel electrode plates 32 form the electron channels is not limited.
For example, the channel electrode plate 32 is a monolithic plate structure, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the channel electrode plate 32 to form an electron channel.
For another example, the channel electrode plate 32 is formed by overlapping a plurality of wires along the injection direction of the BNCT therapeutic beam, and the wires are surrounded to form an electronic channel.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1-4, the detection assembly 30 includes a plurality of struts 34, the struts 34 being connected between the channel electrode plate 32 and the anode plate 33, the struts 34 being of an electrically conductive material. On the one hand, the support force is exerted between the channel electrode plate 32 and the anode plate 33 through the support posts 34, so that the structural strength of the two is improved; on the other hand, the support posts 34 enable the channel electrode plates 32 to be grounded through the anode plates 33, so that the release speed of charges is improved, and the detection device can work normally under the condition of high BNCT treatment beam fluence rate.
The specific material of the stay 34 is not limited, and may be a metal material such as stainless steel.
The specific shape of the post 34 is not limited, such as a cylindrical shape.
The dimension of the strut 34 in the BNCT treatment beam incidence direction is 100 μm to 300 μm, and specific values may be 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, etc.
It will be appreciated that the dimension of the post 34 in the BNCT treatment beam entrance direction is smaller to reduce interference with the reader 331 arrangement.
The projection of the support 34 along the BNCT treatment beam injection direction is circular, and the diameter is smaller than 0.5mm, and specific values can be 0.45mm, 0.4mm, 0.35mm and the like.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the struts 34 are arranged in an array, i.e., the struts 34 are arranged in a plurality of rows and columns, and the spacing between the struts 34 is the same, so that the force between the channel electrode plate 32 and the anode plate 33 is more uniform, and the charges at each position of the channel electrode plate 32 can be discharged rapidly.
The spacing between the struts 34 can range from 5mm to 15mm, and specific values can be 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, etc.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the first working state and the second working state, the conversion element 20 is disposed between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32, so that charged particles obtained by respectively reacting thermal neutrons and epithermal neutrons with the conversion element 20 can be directly subjected to the electric field effect between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32, so as to reduce the degradation of the detection result precision caused by the dissipation of the charged particles.
The specific form of the reader 331 is not limited, such as a readout strip, a disk array, a thin film field effect transistor, and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ), etc.
The specific arrangement of the reader 331 is not limited.
For example, referring to fig. 5, the reader 331 includes first readout bars 3311 and second readout bars 3312, where each first readout bar 3311 extends along a first direction and is disposed in parallel with each other at equal intervals, each second readout bar 3312 extends along a second direction and is disposed in parallel with each other at equal intervals, the first readout bars 3311 and the second readout bars 3312 are staggered, and after the reader 331 senses the electronic signal, coordinates of the electrons in the first direction and the second direction are obtained according to the position where the reader is located, so as to obtain the distribution situation of each component.
It will be appreciated that the plane on anode plate 33 for placement of reader 331 is perpendicular to the BNCT therapeutic beam injection direction.
In some embodiments, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
In embodiments where the reader 331 is a readout strip, the particular manner in which the readout strip is disposed on the anode plate 33 is not limited, e.g., etching the readout strip on the anode plate 33.
It will be appreciated that in embodiments where the reader 331 is a readout bar, the higher the routing density of the first 3311 and second 3312 readout bars, the more accurate the distribution of the components that will ultimately be obtained.
In embodiments where the reader 331 is a readout strip, the spacing between two adjacent first readout strips 3311 is 1.25mm to 1.75mm, and specific values may be 1.25mm, 1.5mm, 1.75mm, etc.; the spacing between two adjacent second readout strips 3312 is 1.25mm to 1.75mm, and specific values may be 1.25mm, 1.5mm, 1.75mm, etc. to improve the distribution accuracy of the components finally obtained, while facilitating the layout of the first and second readout strips 3311 and 3312.
The spacing between the first readout strips 3311 may be the same as or different from the spacing between the second readout strips 3312.
The specific manner of forming the electric field between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 is not limited.
Illustratively, the anode plate 33 is grounded, the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32 are both connected to a negative high voltage, and the absolute value of the negative high voltage of the drift electrode 31 is larger than that of the channel electrode plate 32, so that on one hand, an additional electric field generating device is avoided between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32, which is beneficial to reducing the gap between the drift electrode 31 and the channel electrode plate 32, so that the detection device is compact; on the other hand, an electric field is formed between the channel electrode plate 32 and the anode plate 33, and the electric field intensity of electrons is larger as the electrons get closer to the anode plate 33, so that the movement speed is increased, and the electrons collide with working gas molecules near the anode plate 33 to trigger secondary ionization, so that a chain reaction is generated to form an avalanche amplification effect, and the reader 331 is beneficial to sensing an electronic signal.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the detecting device includes a housing 40, a mounting cavity 40a is disposed in the housing 40, the detecting component 30 is disposed in the mounting cavity 40a, an incident hole 40b is disposed at a side of the housing 40 facing the BNCT therapeutic beam incident direction, the incident hole 40b communicates the mounting cavity 40a with the outside, and the BNCT therapeutic beam passes through the incident hole 40b and enters the mounting cavity 40 a. The housing 40 protects the detection assembly 30 and provides mounting locations for various components in the detection assembly 30; the mounting chamber 40a can form a relatively sealed environment, and the working gas can be stored in the mounting chamber 40a relatively stably, so that the dissipation of the working gas is reduced.
In some embodiments, the pressure of the working gas within the mounting chamber 40a is greater than the pressure of the ambient air to reduce the likelihood of ambient air entering the mounting chamber 40a and adversely affecting the detection result.
In some embodiments, in the first working state, the screening member 10 is detachably disposed on the outer side of the housing 40 and covers the position of the incident hole 40b, so that the screening member 10 can be selectively assembled and disassembled, and meanwhile, the screening member 10 is used to reduce the dissipation of the working gas from the position of the incident hole 40 b.
In some embodiments, the conversion element 20 is removably coupled to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 40 a.
The particular manner in which the sifter device 10 and the transition piece 20 are detachably connected is not limited, for example, by means of a screw connection.
The housing 40 may be entirely aluminum, entirely steel, or may be partially aluminum and partially steel.
For example, the housing 40 includes an aluminum frame and a plurality of steel cladding plates which are coated on the outer side of the aluminum frame and are spliced with each other to form a mounting cavity 40a so as to ensure a certain structural strength and shield an external electric field; meanwhile, the reaction section of aluminum and neutrons is small, so that the interference of additional charged particles on detection results is reduced; furthermore, the housing 40 can be made thinner, thereby improving the utilization rate of the detection assembly 30 in a limited space, being beneficial to reducing the detection dead zone and improving the reliability and the robustness of the detection device.
It will be appreciated that the number of probe assemblies 30 may be one or more to accommodate the different BNCT beam cross-sectional areas and to improve the fit of the probe apparatus.
In the embodiment where the plurality of detection assemblies 30 are provided, the readers 331 in each detection assembly 30 are located on the same reference plane, and each detection assembly 30 may be spliced with each other or may be spaced from each other.
It will be appreciated that in the projection along the direction of the BNCT therapeutic beam, the projection of the BNCT therapeutic beam is within the projection of the screening member 10, the conversion member 20, and the entrance aperture 40 b.
The various embodiments/implementations provided herein may be combined with one another without conflict.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A device for detecting a BNCT therapeutic beam, said device comprising:
a selectively removable screening member;
a selectively removable transition piece;
the detection assembly comprises a drift electrode, a channel electrode plate and an anode plate which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the BNCT treatment beam injection direction, working gas is filled between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate, the channel electrode plate is provided with a plurality of electron channels penetrating along the BNCT treatment beam injection direction so as to allow electrons to pass through the channel electrode plate through the electron channels, an electric field is formed between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate so as to drive the electrons to move from the drift electrode towards the channel electrode plate, and a plurality of readers are arranged on one side of the anode plate towards the BNCT treatment beam injection direction;
the detection device comprises a first working state, a second working state and a third working state;
in the first working state, at least part of the screening piece is arranged on one side of the drifting electrode towards the BNCT treatment beam injection direction, the conversion piece is arranged between the screening piece and the channel electrode plate, and at least one of the drifting electrode and the channel electrode plate can move along the BNCT treatment beam injection direction so as to adjust the interval between the drifting electrode and the channel electrode plate;
in the second working state, BNCT treatment beams are directly injected into the drift electrode, and the conversion piece is arranged between the screening piece and the channel electrode plate;
in the third working state, BNCT treatment beams are directly injected into the drift electrode, and the channel electrode plates directly receive the BNCT treatment beams and charged particles generated by the working gas.
2. The probe apparatus of claim 1 wherein the material of the sifting member is cadmium; and/or the material of the conversion piece is 6 LiF。
3. The probe apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the working gas is a mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide.
4. The probe apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a surface resistivity of a surface of the anode plate facing the BNCT treatment beam incident direction is 1MΩ/cm 2 To 1kM omega/cm 2 。
5. The detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the anode plate on a side facing the BNCT therapeutic beam injecting direction is coated with a diamond carbon coating.
6. The detection device of claim 1, wherein the detection assembly comprises a plurality of struts connected between the channel electrode plates and the anode plates, the struts being of an electrically conductive material.
7. The probe apparatus of claim 6 wherein each of said arrays of pillars is arranged with the same spacing between the pillars.
8. The probe apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transition member is disposed between the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate in the first operating state and the second operating state.
9. The detector assembly of claim 1, wherein the readout includes first readout strips and second readout strips, each of the first readout strips extending in a first direction and disposed in parallel equidistant from each other, each of the second readout strips extending in a second direction and disposed in parallel equidistant from each other, the first readout strips and the second readout strips being staggered.
10. The probe apparatus of claim 1, wherein the anode plate is grounded, the drift electrode and the channel electrode plate are both connected to a negative high voltage, and an absolute value of the negative high voltage of the drift electrode is greater than an absolute value of the negative high voltage of the channel electrode plate.
11. The detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the detecting device comprises a housing, a mounting cavity is arranged in the housing, the detecting component is arranged in the mounting cavity, an incident hole is formed in one side of the housing facing the incident direction of the BNCT therapeutic beam, the incident hole is communicated with the mounting cavity and the outside, and in the first working state, the screening piece is detachably arranged on the outer side of the housing and covers the position of the incident hole.
12. The probe apparatus of claim 11 wherein the housing is made of aluminum and/or stainless steel.
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