CN116322266A - Alternating-current polarization equipment and method for 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material - Google Patents

Alternating-current polarization equipment and method for 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material Download PDF

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CN116322266A
CN116322266A CN202310390662.3A CN202310390662A CN116322266A CN 116322266 A CN116322266 A CN 116322266A CN 202310390662 A CN202310390662 A CN 202310390662A CN 116322266 A CN116322266 A CN 116322266A
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composite material
piezoelectric composite
polarization
type piezoelectric
voltage
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徐卓
马志强
贾楠香
王婷
宁俐
党毓杰
杜红亮
李飞
夏颂
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The alternating current polarization equipment of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material comprises a voltage amplifier connected with an oscilloscope and a function generator, wherein the voltage amplifier is connected with an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is immersed in silicone oil; firstly, preparing a 2-2 piezoelectric composite material, and preparing electrodes on opposite surfaces in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric composite material; then placing the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material into alternating current polarization equipment to ensure that the upper electrode and the lower electrode are well contacted with the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material; generating alternating voltage with symmetrical triangular waves through a function generator, amplifying a voltage signal by using a voltage amplifier, applying the voltage signal to the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, setting the peak voltage, the polarization frequency and the polarization turns of the alternating voltage, and polarizing the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material; taking out the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after polarization is completed; the invention improves the integral piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material in an alternating current polarization mode, and has simple procedure, short time and safety.

Description

Alternating-current polarization equipment and method for 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polarization of 2-2 type piezoelectric composite materials, in particular to alternating current polarization equipment and method of a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material.
Background
The piezoelectric composite material is a composite material formed by a piezoelectric phase formed by the piezoelectric material and a polymer phase formed by epoxy resin or other polymers in a certain communication structure. There are also three-phase composite materials composed of three phases, known as two-phase composite materials composed of two phases. Among the two-phase composite materials, various types can be classified according to the communication modes, and among them, the type 1-3 piezoelectric composite materials and the type 2-2 piezoelectric composite materials are most widely used. The manner of communication may determine the electric field path and stress distribution pattern in the composite material, which is affected by the different spatial distributions of the two-phase material. Typically, the former number in a two-phase piezoelectric composite represents connectivity of the piezoelectric phase and the latter number represents connectivity of the polymer phase. 1 represents 1-dimensional connectivity, i.e., connectivity in only one direction, typically linear; 2 represents a communication in two directions, typically in the form of a sheet; 3 represents three-dimensional direction communication, and generally, 3 directions are communicated front and back.
The main performance advantages of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material in the manufacture of the transducer are as follows: low acoustic impedance Z, low quality factor Q m The value is good in flexibility, and the water sound figure of merit d of the hydrostatic pressure is high h ·g h The transverse coupling is weak, the controllability of piezoelectric phase distribution is good, the temperature and pressure stability is good, and the advantages enable the piezoelectric phase distribution to be very applicable to the field of transducers, so that the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is widely applied and researched.
The polarization process is a key process for obtaining piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric material, and the existing polarization mode of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material only has direct current polarization, and the direct current polarization method of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material generally has two types: 1. preparing a non-polarized piezoelectric material into a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and then performing direct current polarization (Wang W, or S W, yue Q, et al, technical piezoelectric single-crystal PIMNT based 2-2composite for ultrasonic transducer applications[J ]. Sensors and Actuators a-Physical,2013, 196:70.); 2. the piezoelectric material is first DC polarized, then prepared into a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and then electrode is prepared for secondary DC polarization (Xin F, chen W.research on Fabrication and Properties of 2-2PZT/Epoxy Piezoelectric Composite Materials [ J ]. Piezoelectrics and Acoustooptics,2015,37 (4): 646.). However, the above prior art has the following disadvantages:
1) The piezoelectric material is subjected to direct current polarization, so that depolarization phenomenon easily occurs when the piezoelectric material is prepared into a 2-2 piezoelectric composite material, the effect is poor after secondary direct current polarization, and the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the composite material cannot be effectively improved; 2) When the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is subjected to direct current polarization, the composite material is easy to break down after continuous direct current high voltage; 3) When the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is subjected to direct current polarization, the polarization time is generally 15-30min, the secondary polarization takes double time, and the time is long and the procedure is complex; 4) There is a certain safety risk of continuous dc high voltage polarization of the sample and manual boosting.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an alternating current polarization device and an alternating current polarization method for a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, which improve the overall piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material in an alternating current polarization mode, and have the advantages of simple procedure, short time and safety.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an AC polarization device of a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material comprises a voltage amplifier connected with an oscilloscope and a function generator, wherein the voltage amplifier is connected with an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is immersed in silicone oil.
The contacts of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material are positioned at the center of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material.
A method of using an ac polarizing device of a type 2-2 piezoelectric composite material, comprising the steps of:
step 1, preparing a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and preparing electrodes on opposite surfaces of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material in the thickness direction;
step 2, placing the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material prepared in the step 1 into alternating current polarization equipment, ensuring that the upper electrode and the lower electrode are well contacted with the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and immersing the whole 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material into silicone oil at room temperature;
step 3, generating alternating voltage with symmetrical triangular waves through a function generator, amplifying voltage signals by using a voltage amplifier and applying the voltage signals to the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, setting peak voltage, polarization frequency and polarization turns of the alternating voltage, and polarizing the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material; the peak voltage is in direct proportion to the thickness of the 2-2 piezoelectric composite material;
and step 4, after polarization is completed, taking out the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after the voltage is zeroed, cleaning silicone oil on the surface of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and measuring the performance of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material.
The parameters of the alternating current polarization condition in the step 3 include: the peak voltage is 0.8-1.5kV/mm, the polarization frequency is 0.08-10Hz, and the polarization turns are 5-20 turns.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The invention provides another effective polarization mode for the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and the piezoelectric performance d of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material can be effectively improved by alternating current polarization 33 The 2-2 piezoelectric composite material is beneficial to expanding the bandwidth of the transducer and improving the performance parameters such as resolution when being applied to devices such as an underwater acoustic transducer.
2) Compared with the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, the alternating current polarization mode provided by the invention can simplify the polarization procedure of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material and shorten the polarization time after carrying out direct current polarization and then carrying out secondary direct current polarization; the manual boosting is not needed, and the safety is ensured.
3) The alternating current polarization method can successfully polarize the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, ensures that the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is well used for piezoelectric devices such as ultrasonic transducers and the like, and increases market compatibility.
4) The sum of spontaneous polarization vectors of the piezoelectric material before unpolarization is zero, and no piezoelectricity exists; at room temperature and Curie temperature T C The electric field is applied between the two electrodes to enable the polarized dipole vector in the crystal and the direction of the electric field to be larger than zero so as to enable the crystal to have piezoelectricity; therefore, for a long time, people only adopt a direct current polarization method with a fixed electric field direction to polarize the 2-2 type composite material, the alternating current polarization with the continuously changed electric field direction is only applied to the performance optimization of the pure piezoelectric material at present, and the alternating current polarization method is not applied to the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material with a polymer phase and a piezoelectric phase to verify the improvement of the integral performance of the composite material, so that the invention overcomes the inertia of the prior art, fills the blank of the technical field, and produces unexpected technical effects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a type 2-2 piezoelectric composite material prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a waveform of an alternating voltage applied to the piezoelectric composite of type 2-2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows the piezoelectric strain constant d of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after AC polarization and DC polarization in example 1 33 Comparison graph.
FIG. 5 shows the piezoelectric strain constant d of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after AC polarization and DC polarization in example 2 33 Comparison graph.
FIG. 6 shows the piezoelectric strain constant d of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after AC polarization and DC polarization in example 3 33 Comparison graph.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the following examples and figures.
Referring to fig. 1, an ac polarization apparatus of a type 2-2 piezoelectric composite material includes a voltage amplifier connected to an oscilloscope and a function generator, the voltage amplifier being connected to upper and lower electrodes of the type 2-2 piezoelectric composite material, the type 2-2 piezoelectric composite material being immersed in silicone oil; the contacts of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material are positioned at the center of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material; the function generator (DG 1022, RIGOL) is used for generating required waveform pulse, amplifying pulse signals through the voltage amplifier (PZD 2000A, trek) and applying the pulse signals to the type 2-2 piezoelectric composite material, and the oscilloscope detects the applied pulse signal voltage.
A method for using an alternating current polarization device of a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, in this embodiment, obtains the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material with a piezoelectric phase of PIN-PMN-PT single crystal through alternating current polarization, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and preparing electrodes on opposite surfaces of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material in the thickness direction, so as to ensure that the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material has a smooth and uniform surface and no cracks and impurities;
in the embodiment, a 2-2 piezoelectric composite material with a piezoelectric phase of three-phase lead indium niobate-lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PIN-47% PMN-29% PT) and a polymer phase of Epo-Tek 301 epoxy resin is prepared, and an electrode is prepared, as shown in figure 2;
step 2, placing the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material prepared in the step 1 into alternating current polarization equipment, ensuring that the upper electrode and the lower electrode are well contacted with the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, immersing the whole 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material into silicone oil for 3-5min at room temperature, enhancing the bonding strength of the electrodes and preventing breakdown;
step 3, generating alternating voltage with symmetrical triangular waves through a function generator, wherein the waveform is shown in figure 3, amplifying a voltage signal by using a voltage amplifier and applying the voltage signal to the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, setting a voltage peak value, a polarization frequency and the number of polarization turns, and polarizing the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material;
the thickness of the piezoelectric composite material of the embodiment 2-2 is 2mm, the peak voltage is set to be 1kV/mm, and the polarization frequency is set to be 0.1Hz; the number of polarization turns is 8;
and step 4, after polarization is completed, taking out the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after the voltage is zeroed, cleaning silicone oil on the surface of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and measuring the performance of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: through two groups of 2-2 type piezoelectric composite materials with the same structural parameters prepared from the same PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material, one group is subjected to direct current polarization, the other group is subjected to the alternating current polarization, and the piezoelectric strain constant d of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is found when the alternating current polarization is opposite to the direct current polarization 33 The average improvement can be 34.5%, as shown in fig. 4 and table 1, the piezoelectric performance comparison table of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after alternating current polarization and direct current polarization in the embodiment 1 of table 1; in addition, the piezoelectric strain constant of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material treated by alternating current polarization can reach 2000pC/N at maximum, and the piezoelectric strain constant of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material with the same structural parameters prepared in the prior stage is generally 1200-1500pC/N, so that the alternating current polarization is beneficial to improving the piezoelectric performance and the electromechanical coupling performance of the 2-2 type piezoelectric single crystal composite material.
TABLE 1
Q m K t d 33 (pC/N) Z(Mrayl)
DC polarization 16.87 0.79 1156.7 21.56
AC polarization 3.81 0.89 1556.4 21.42
In example 2, the peak voltage in step 3 of example 1 was changed to 0.8kV/mm, the polarization frequency was changed to 0.08Hz, and the number of polarization turns was changed to 5 turns.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: two groups of 2-2 type piezoelectric composite materials with the same structural parameters prepared from the same PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material, wherein one group is subjected to direct current polarization, the other group is subjected to alternating current polarization, and the piezoelectric strain constant d of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is found when the alternating current polarization is opposite to the direct current polarization 33 The average improvement is 29.3%, and as shown in fig. 5 and table 2, the piezoelectric performance of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after alternating current polarization and direct current polarization in example 2 of table 2 is compared.
TABLE 2
Q m K t d 33 (pC/N) Z(Mrayl)
DC polarization 17.06 0.81 1372.4 20.56
AC polarization 15.43 0.82 1774.2 19.42
Example 3 the peak voltage in step 3 of example 1 was changed to 1.5kV/mm, the polarization frequency was changed to 10Hz, and the number of polarization turns was changed to 20 turns.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: two groups of 2-2 type piezoelectric composite materials with the same structural parameters prepared from the same PIN-PMN-PT piezoelectric single crystal material, wherein one group is subjected to direct current polarization, the other group is subjected to alternating current polarization, and the piezoelectric strain constant d of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is found when the alternating current polarization is opposite to the direct current polarization 33 The average improvement is 15.4%, and as shown in fig. 6 and table 3, table 3 shows the comparison table of piezoelectric performance of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after alternating current polarization and direct current polarization in example 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Q m K t d 33 (pC/N) Z(Mrayl)
DC polarization 17.36 0.70 1234 23.41
AC polarization 12.34 0.81 1432 19.82

Claims (7)

1. An ac polarization device of 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a voltage amplifier connected with an oscilloscope and a function generator, wherein the voltage amplifier is connected with an upper electrode and a lower electrode of a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material is immersed in silicone oil.
2. An ac polarizing apparatus for a type 2-2 piezoelectric composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the contacts of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material are positioned at the center of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material.
3. A method of ac polarizing an apparatus using a type 2-2 piezoelectric composite material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, preparing a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and preparing electrodes on opposite surfaces of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material in the thickness direction;
step 2, placing the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material prepared in the step 1 into alternating current polarization equipment, ensuring that the upper electrode and the lower electrode are well contacted with the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and immersing the whole 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material into silicone oil at room temperature;
step 3, generating alternating voltage with symmetrical triangular waves through a function generator, amplifying voltage signals by using a voltage amplifier and applying the voltage signals to the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, setting peak voltage, polarization frequency and polarization turns of the alternating voltage, and polarizing the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material; the peak voltage is in direct proportion to the thickness of the 2-2 piezoelectric composite material;
and step 4, after polarization is completed, taking out the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material after the voltage is zeroed, cleaning silicone oil on the surface of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material, and measuring the performance of the 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the parameters of the ac polarization condition in step 3 include: the peak voltage is 0.8-1.5kV/mm, the polarization frequency is 0.08-10Hz, and the polarization turns are 5-20 turns.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the ac polarization condition parameters in step 3 include: the peak voltage is 1kV/mm, the polarization frequency is 0.1Hz, and the number of polarization turns is 8.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the ac polarization condition parameters in step 3 include: the peak voltage is 0.8kV/mm, the polarization frequency is 0.08Hz, and the polarization turns are 5 turns.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the ac polarization condition parameters in step 3 include: the peak voltage is 1.5kV/mm, the polarization frequency is 10Hz, and the number of polarization turns is 20.
CN202310390662.3A 2023-04-13 2023-04-13 Alternating-current polarization equipment and method for 2-2 type piezoelectric composite material Pending CN116322266A (en)

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