CN1163182A - Small knife with a changeble blade - Google Patents

Abstract

The knife (10) with a changeble blade (11) and knob (12), which is composed of a main body (13) and a lid (14) movable in longitudinal direction (x) in respect to this main body. When in open position, the cover (14) is pressed with its front contact face (20) against a spring return force, in an inward direction towards the interchangeable blade (11). At the closing position, the lid (14) pushes a supporter (17) outside while using a holding plane (30). At the closing position, the lid (14) is stricted by friction coupling, fitting engagement or insertion coupling between a rear end range (22) of the lid (14) and a rear supporting stand (18) at the main body (13).

Description

Be with a knife changable pocket knife

The present invention relates to a pocket knife with a knife changable preamble by claim 1.By the known a kind of such knife of DE 2839067A1.

Has second sheet handle shell by the known knife of DE 2839067A1, matrix and first sheet hilt shell, lid.Matrix and lid interconnect by a hinge towards zone point of a knife, motion backward at them.In the time should changing the blade that can be along the longitudinal movement, burst apart, lid can leave matrix around hinge.

In order to reach the closing position of lid, lid can rotate back on the matrix again, and the back pushes away forward along the point of a knife direction in the commentaries on classics, thereby reaches closing position.Closing position lid and matrix with two be contained on both longitudinal side, make step-like, with the plane of wedge shape ending to mutual interlock.Be contained in the tommy screw hilt Background Region, that can drive with screw thread by one lid is pressed onto the closing position of its front, it is fixed up in closing position.The pair of planar of forenamed wedge shape ending make lid before add pressure surface blade pressed to blade binding face on the matrix at width.Wherein the clamping area that distributes with two wedge shapes that are located at both sides in its closing position of lid is caught the corresponding corresponding surface of each supporting mass of matrix from below.Lid can move by means of the tommy screw that the said available screw thread in front drives with its back-end region of the point of a knife of front dorsad, and detachable in its closing position, can prevent that loose ground is contained on the rear branching holder of matrix.

The knife known by DE 2839067A1 has advantage, because the changeable blade previous section reliably, suitably stressed, that is to say by clamping to be connected and fixed, thereby guarantee that for example this is important for the carpet knife of special use being delivered on the cutting object than higher cutting force.The operation of this known knife and structure are considered to too complicated on the other hand.

Knife from being learnt by DE 2839067A1 the objective of the invention is to: make a kind of with knife changeable blade, easy to operate, simple in structure that immovably clamps.

Solve like this according to this task of the present invention: lid adds the reset response power that pressure surface can overcome spring and inwardly presses at insert orientation before its enable possition is with it, make lid its clamping area of clamping supporting mass from below outwards be pressed to supporting mass with the spring reset active force in its closing position, lid in the locking effect of its closing position then by the suitable kayser of the stream of the power between the supporting base of position, lid rear end and back and/or shape or patch to connect and realize.

Compare very simple by the operation of knife of the present invention when changing blade with known knife (DE2839067A1): lid adds on the last principal plane that pressure surface is placed on blade with it, to overcome the reset response power of spring downward to insert orientation with adding pressure surface before it then, just inwardly presses.The reset response power of its medi-spring can be connected in any one axial zone of lid, for example directly is contained in the front that adds pressure surface, between clamping area in the middle of directly being contained in and the supporting mass or for example be contained between position, lid rear end and the matrix rear branching holder.

To pressing down, blade is pressed to blade binding face on the matrix with its following principal plane, is clamped together thereby add between pressure surface and the blade binding face towards the knife changable principal plane of going up in pressurization by the front.

Reach the closing position of lid then like this: its longitudinal axis along it is moved with respect to matrix, and each clamping area that makes lid is from following clamping supporting mass.This from following clamping can be suitably stressed or shape realize suitably.Here lid its closing position locking by the suitable kayser of the power between the supporting base of position, lid rear end and back stream or shape or patch to connect and realize.Embodiment in conjunction with the preferred employing that also will narrate later this means, can be expressed as follows simply about method of operating: lid is being placed on the knife changable matrix, overcome the spring reset active force to pressing down, in the compression movement that keeps down to pusher, so that make lid be fixed on its closing position.

Shirtsleeve operation method during along with above-mentioned replacing detachable blade and what come is very simple version is especially compared the tommy screw that the screw thread that can cancel on the position, lid rear end drives with the knife of being learnt by DE 2839067A1.

Except that above-mentioned spring reset active force can be contained in the axial different parts of lid, the spring reset active force can also produce with diverse ways.

According to a kind of scheme spring reset active force by preferential employing of the present invention is by the lid made by the Flexible Reset material being bent to form of the longitudinal axis along it.For example POM or PA, comprise that fiber reinforced materials can be used as the Flexible Reset material.This lid can be made the moulding of plastics, and matrix can be made plastic injection piece or metal crimp foundry goods.

For the lid of making by the Flexible Reset material replenish or selection scheme can add before lid a flexible member that makes the outside resilience of lid is housed between pressure surface and the blade and/or between position, rear end and the rear branching holder.

Flexible member according to this outside resilience of another embodiment of the present invention can be done like this, make the blade binding face make two supportings that are used for principal plane under the blade separated by a distance, it can form one with the pressure flexible member of preceding pressurization towards external pressure by adding the pressure surface pressurization before the lid.Therefore the detachable blade of being made by spring steel band (its side is positioned on two side bearing faces of matrix) can make (elasticity) potential energy of the blade of elastic bending deflection be enough to make the clamping area that supporting mass is clamped from below outwards to press to supporting mass with enough recoil of spring active forces with the preceding pressurization of lid towards pressing down and flexural deformation.

A pressure flexible member is housed between rear branching holder and the position, rear end in another kind of structure of the present invention, as semielliptic spring, rubber spring or the like.The elastic reset active force of this pressure flexible member is oppressed the position, rear end consumingly, make lid before add pressure surface, as a double-arm lever, press to the last principal plane of blade to a certain extent downwards as pivot point with the clamping area that supporting mass is clamped from below.

Have the situation of enough elastic potential energys for an independent resilience flexible member when compressed together, also lid can be made rigid body, that is to say that lid is made can't be with the rigid body of manpower bending along the longitudinal axis.

The present invention also has various possibility for lid in the formation of the locking effect of closing position.A this possibility of the present invention is: a sliding surface that can move is made at the position, rear end on the matrix rear branching holder.This movably sliding surface press to corresponding bearing-surface on the matrix with an elastic reset active force, just use a normal force, make that when suitable friction pair the clamping frictional force between two surfaces is enough to make lid to remain on its closing position.

Another kind of version of the present invention is to set up latch elements to position, rear end and back bearing-surface, and they are in the closing position interlock mutually releasably of lid.This latch elements can shape or stressed interlock mutually suitably.

Make the slip plane that is parallel to each other according to position, another kind of scheme rear end of the present invention and back bearing-surface.They can be parallel to mobile direction extension in further structure of the present invention.

Respectively make the situation of the slip plane (wherein at the sliding surface of two inclinations of closing direction to rising) of an inclination for position, rear end and rear branching holder, the elastic reset active force is strengthened.

According to another kind of structural shape of the present invention, rear branching holder has one with respect to closing direction and constitutes kayser face on the supporting mass at obtuse angle with slip plane in the front of tilt slide plane connecting portion with it, simultaneously the position, rear end for closing direction its back on tilt slide plane form one with supporting mass on the parallel plane kayser face of draw-in groove unit, the back is connecting a parallel stop plane of slip plane that tilts with supporting mass for closing direction on this face.With said structure increasing elastic reset active force of closing direction formation along the sliding surface that rises, it forms double action at the closing position and the buckling and locking device between position, rear end and the rear branching holder of lid.

Another kind of version imagination of the present invention, the sliding surface of position, rear end and/or rear branching holder or kayser face are made by where necessary removable insert spare.Adopt this structure the present invention to make, for example rear support is being made on the insert spare of being made by another kind of material, for example suitable plastic when matrix is made of the metal crimp foundry goods.

Be by the preferential version that adopts of another kind of the present invention: be contained in the semielliptic spring between rear branching holder and the position, rear end, particularly the steel semielliptic spring is made latch elements simultaneously, it outwards oppresses the position, rear end with the elastic reset active force, here pressurization is towards the interior blade that is pressed towards before comprising the clamping area that supporting mass is clamped from below, reach clamping, the closing position of its fixed cover between semielliptic spring and the position, lid rear end simultaneously.

A kind of structure of the present invention can be, adds between pressure surface and its position, rear end to have a clamping surface separately in two sides longitudinally at it before lid, respectively to the supporting mass on matrix of its configuration.Here two clamping areas have a mind to be arranged on respect on the corresponding mutually position of the lid longitudinal axis.

Secondly the present invention imagines, and each clamping area is made of the clamping convex shoulder of lid side.Lid almost in the enable possition that laterally can embedding eight matrixes enters it by a gathering sill on the matrix of its moving direction, and can be after overcoming the elastic reset active force moves on to its closing position with its convex shoulder from the enable possition.Each clamps convex shoulder and clamps supporting mass on the matrix from behind with its clamping area in this closing position.

Another kind of organization plan of the present invention is: each clamping area is made the plane, and wherein supporting mass can be made a corresponding clamping area parallel with clamping area.According to this relation, a kind of special structure of the present invention is: clamping area and corresponding clamping area tilt, and raise to the closing direction of lid.When lid when its enable possition moves into its closing position, clamping area and corresponding clamping area are locked mutually.In this way can and position, above-mentioned lid rear end and matrix rear branching holder between structure together or both select a kind of locking effect that reaches lid in its closing position equally.

Particularly make the situation of aforementioned rigid body for lid, by a kind of version of the present invention is suitable, and clamping area and corresponding clamping area allow possibility with respect to the limited rotation of rotating shaft of stretching perpendicular to the lid longitudinal axis in the closing position of lid according to this configuration.

Be by another kind of version of the present invention: each clamps, and convex shoulder is located at from the lid longitudinal axis, bend to squarely hook-shaped, clamp the end of the clamp arm of matrix from the side.

For move operation the present invention imagination of lid, the last principal plane outward of lid is provided with two move operation faces that stretch perpendicular to the lid longitudinal axis, that distribute symmetrically.The latter can suitably make the pit of handling knob, and they are arranged on mutually with respect on the axial position separated by a distance of the lid longitudinal axis.This version allow lid form at the axially spaced-apart position between the pit of handling knob one that do not weakened, between two clamping areas that relatively distribute face-to-face or corresponding clamping area, guarantee to transmit enough big elastic reset active force with this.

It is characterized in that according to a kind of preferential especially version that adopts of the present invention: two clamp one of convex shoulders and make lid that the longitudinal axis that a hinge axes with it is parallel to lid stretches and the hinged hinged member between the matrix, wherein connect at the enable possition of lid hinge to allow lid to move at its closing direction.

Known by DE 4421351 C1, changeable blade is clamped by a rotatable cover lockablely, and wherein cover is locking by a rotation steady pin adjacent with the blade knife back in its closing position.With opposite according to independent rotation steady pin of DE4421351C1 existence, to make like this by lid of the present invention, it needn't use additional member, and inwardly rotates with a securing member a side, and this securing member can move into its locking position then.Therefore the present invention also makes a kind of rotation steady pin with good especially method.

Secondly the present invention's imagination makes matrix have a hinged tenon, and its axial length is than the big shift motion along moving direction of axial width of the clamping convex shoulder that constitutes hinged member.

The present invention also regulation is made in hinged tenon material on the matrix suitably.

The another kind of suitable form of the present invention is: the clamping convex shoulder that constitutes linkage element becomes hook-type to surround hinged tenon or be attached to the intrinsic flexible clamp arm kayser of having of it with a supporting bearing shell and one securely to surround it.Therefore the present invention or with a hook-type hinge, or such hinge, during with this hinge lid can with two have intrinsic flexible clamp arm radially kayser on hinged tenon.

Though the present invention can be used to by being linked in sequence at axis direction, the knife of the interruption blade that the interruption blade section that disconnects mutually by predetermined interrupt line is formed, the present invention at first studies removable single blade, trapezoidal blade for example, hook-type blade etc..For the application of this single blade regulation of the present invention with blade by means of at least one freely stretch out in the blade binding face, protrude in blade thickness and be fastened on the matrix up to the clamping boss of lid, such as everyone knows.Special provision of the present invention simultaneously, cover inner surface have one with clamp that boss aligns, hold it free-ended, be parallel to moving direction axial pit or axial groove extension, that considered the lid shift motion.

It is suitable like this that this clamping boss is made, the cutting reaction force that is parallel to the knife longitudinal axis that it produces in the time of can being delivered in cutwork fully basically.Wherein be mainly used to blade is fixed on the clamping boss, and prevent the blade lateral movement by lid of the present invention.

Although according to a kind of selectable version lid can otherwise from after move into its closing position forward or in the past backward, the preferential version that adopts of the present invention is that lid is from deviating from the closing position that point of a knife moves into it backward.When work is pulling when holding the hilt body, lid is automatically drawn in its closing position by the operator of holding it, thereby has got rid of maloperation to the full extent.

The front is mentioned, and the blade binding face is made two backing plate faces that leave principal plane under the blade that certain distance is provided with mutually, and blade adds the pressure surface pressurization before by lid, forms one as the compression elastic element of preceding pressurization towards external pressure.

Therefore the present invention has utilized the spring of band steel blade, so that with lid, also have blade to be fixed on reliably on its closing position simultaneously.

With the closely-related another kind of outward appearance of this good structure to be by special method of the present invention: the blade binding face form two parallel that extend with the moving direction linear, from the inner surface of matrix perpendicular to the axial boss of blade principal plane projection until blade, it makes two almost is rectilinear backing plate face.

Here lid before add pressure surface and make the almost pressurization rib of linear pressurization of principal plane on the blade, it is parallel to two linear backing plate faces extends, and makes to be similar to the such elastic bending of shell at the closing position blade of lid along its longitudinal axis.By this measure of the present invention, the bending resistant section square (coefficient) of blade opposing side force obviously increases, and the precision of cutting guiding for example improves greatly at circle of contact arc or curved the time.Here the rib that pressurizes can extend the centre between two backing plate faces.Blade can so suitably be reinforced in its cutting edge region, towards pressurization rib extension prejudicially between two bearing-surfaces of blade cut sword.

Represented the embodiment according to preferred employing of the present invention in the drawings, they are:

The schematic isometric of the knife of the changeable blade that band of Fig. 1 dots, its handle is made up of a matrix and a lid;

Fig. 2 presses the independent view of the matrix of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 presses the independent view of the lid of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is used for the lid of the principal plane of transfer elastic reset response power by the band of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 presses the schematic diagram of the lid of Fig. 4;

The lid of the undeformed and elastic bending deflection of Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the longitudinal axis separately;

Fig. 7-9 is about three kinds of schemes of the structure of lid rearward end and matrix rear branching holder.

Figure 10,11 and 11A by the schematic diagram of three kinds of schemes of knife of the present invention;

Figure 12 band is in the specific constructive form of the rotatable lid of closing position;

Figure 13 presses the knife of Figure 12, but in the enable possition of lid;

Figure 14 presses the knife of Figure 12 and 13, and band rotates to the lid of side;

Among Figure 15 Figure 12 along the cross section of subdivision line XV-XV;

Among Figure 16 Figure 13 along the longitudinal section of subdivision line XV1-XVI;

Among Figure 17 Figure 12 along the cross section of the knife of subdivision line XVII-XVII;

Figure 18 and 19 two kinds of different structure forms according to Figure 15 cross-sectional view;

One is used for the knife of clamping changeable blade 11 and irrespectively represents with label 10 with separately version in the drawings.

Knife 10 has one by a matrix 13 and the handgrip 12 that lid 14 is formed.

Matrix 13 just forms one near the place of point of a knife 15 and is used for the clamping band and is similar to the blade binding face 16 of the blade 11 (a kind of so-called trapezoidal blade) of trapezoidal basic configuration in front.Local matrix 13 after leaning on again forms two respectively with the supporting mass 17 of a corresponding clamping area 31, and it is parallel to the double-head arrow directions X extension of moving direction corresponding to lid 14.

Matrix 13 has the rear support 18 of a band supporting plane 19 in addition.

Have one corresponding to blade binding face 16 lids 14 at its position, front and add pressure surface 20 before blade binding face 16, it presses to the last principal plane 21 of blade 11.

Lid 14 position, rear end 22 of front point of a knife 15 dorsad has a slip plane 23 towards the matrix rear support 18 of band supporting plane 19.

Supporting mass 17 changes in front and carries out the transition to guide way 24, its axially directed 25 and axially directed 26 effect of cooperatively interacting corresponding, position, lid 14 front.Matrix 13 has axially directed 27 at its position, back in addition, axially directed 28 mating reaction on it and the lid.

Lid 14 is made clamp arm 34 a square ground hook, that matrix 13 sides are clamped downwards on each longitudinal side, one on its each comfortable termination band clamps convex shoulder 29.Clamp convex shoulder and be provided with one separately towards last, just outside clamping area 30, it clamp from below each supporting mass 17 towards under corresponding clamping area 31.

Matrix 13 forms a groove 33 respectively between two rear side clamping plate 32 and two supporting masses 17.The moving direction X that the clamp arm 34 of its tight convex shoulder 29 of a plurality of strap clamps of lid 14 usefulness is approximately perpendicular to it can embed matrix 13 in its enable possition by the direction recess on the matrix 33.

By the method that with inside pressure P lid 14 is loaded with operator, according to Fig. 6, lid 14 makes to form sweep LB from its longitudinal centre line LN flexural deformation of representing with chain-dotted line.Therefore by the Flexible Reset material, for example the lid 14 made of PA that is strengthened by glass fibre or POM obtains potential energy.Rise now when lid 14 when moving direction X shifts to closing position S, clamping area 30 is clamped the corresponding clamping area 31 of supporting mass 17 from below at last.

Is as follows according to Figure 4 and 5 to this procedure declaration: Fig. 5 schematically represents the enable possition of lid 14, but it by by work hand applied pressure P to pressing down, make the longitudinal axis of lid 14 become sweep LB.Also do not carry out to moving of S direction along moving direction X, just as especially by shown in the axial distance between clamping area 30 and corresponding clamping area 31 and supporting base 18 and the position, rear end 22.Add the position, rear end that pressure surface 20 also is in blade 11 before the lid 14, as shown in Figure 5.

The lid 14 that moves into its closing position in the S direction schematically is illustrated on Fig. 4.The lid 14 of pretension is loaded by the pressure P of hand.Its clamping area of position lid 14 usefulness 30 locking, the elasticity pretension at it is pressed to corresponding clamping area 31 with elastic reset directed force F R from bottom to top in its two longitudinal side.By on the last principal plane 21 that adds pressure surface 20 before it and be pressed in changeable blade 11, blade is close on the insert supporting binding face 16 with its following principal plane 55 again the lid 14 of pretension with elastic reset directed force F R on the other hand.The rear end 22 of lid 14 is pressed in (promptly it makes supporting plane 19) on the rear branching holder 18 with elastic reset directed force F R there with its slip plane 23 from the top.Elastic reset directed force F R is a normal force between surface 23 and 19, because its assurance lid 14 of corresponding friction pair is fixed on its closing position between the surface 23 and 19.

The rear branching holder 18 represented among Fig. 5 and the amplification view of the relative position between the position, lid 14 rear end 22 have been represented among Fig. 7.

Fig. 8 represents that position, rear end 22 and rear branching holder 18 respectively have the slip plane 35,36 of an inclination.Angle [alpha] at two sliding surfaces of closing direction S 35,36 raises.Can realize the enhancing of lid 14 amounts of deflection by this structure, thereby strengthen the elastic reset active force.Lift angle α selects to such an extent that just make and produce self-locking between the surface 35,36 and be advisable.

Fig. 9 represents a kind of structure that slightly changes with respect to Fig. 8, according to this configuration rear branching holder 18 in the front portion for closing direction S and then the slip plane 36 of its inclination have one and form kayser face 37 on the supporting base of inclination of an obtuse angles beta with the latter.The position, rear end 22 of lid 14 forms a kayser face unit 38 parallel with the kayser face 37 on the supporting base at it in its back of slip plane 35 of inclination for closing direction S.Connecting one on the kayser face unit 38 in the stop plane 39 parallel with respect to the slip plane 36 of the inclination on the back of closing direction S and the supporting base.It is contemplated that, when kayser face unit 38 leans against on the kayser face 37, and stop plane 39 when leaning against on the slip plane 36 of inclination lid 14 reached its closing position.

Figure 10 represent clamping area 30 and corresponding clamping area 31 be tilt and raise at closing direction S.Can imagine, before left-hand closing direction S moves, at first must apply a pressure P at lid 14, thus the corresponding clamping area 31 that the clamping area 30 of inclination is clamped from below tilt with same angle.Two inclined surfaces 31,30 of fitting mutually make lid 14 be difficult to move to the direction opposite with closing direction S.

Rear branching holder 18 is with a semielliptic spring 40 among Figure 11, and it constitutes a kayser projection 41, and has a travelling arm that freely overhangs 42, and is fixed on the supporting base 18 with 43.

Make the plane according to Figure 11 clamping area 30 and corresponding clamping area 31.In order lid 14 can be moved on to its closing position by the direction of arrow S from its enable possition of representing among Figure 11,14 needs of lid to the motion of S direction just, in case make its position, rear end 22 slide on the kayser projection 41, and when the latter was positioned within the lactch groove 44, lid 14 is tensioning semielliptic spring 40 automatically just.

Buckling and locking device has been moved to forward in the zone on surface 30,31 in contrast by the embodiment of Figure 11 A the time.Wherein clamping area 30 is made convexity and corresponding clamping area 31 is made corresponding middle concave.The free arm 42 of opposite semielliptic spring 40 is made flat.When doing the clamping area 30 that overarches under the situation in Figure 11 A the corresponding clamping area of making middle concave will be clamped from below, before its closing position motion of left-hand, at first must apply a pressure P from above to it at lid.At this moment the travelling arm 42 that freely overhangs of semielliptic spring 40 is depressed, thus tensioning.

It is contemplated that, by the embodiment of Figure 11 A the time, also can be formed in the rigid body that illustrated than the front as a kind of selection scheme lid 14.When the clamping area that arches upward when camber 30 is clamped corresponding clamping area 31 from below, form that stretch perpendicular to lid 14 longitudinal axis L, as not draw and a rotation, its allows lid 14 to make the possibility of limited rotation.

By Figure 12～15 as can be seen, two of clamping in the convex shoulder 29 form its hinge axes A and are parallel to that lid 14 longitudinal axis stretch, and the hinge between lid 14 and the matrix 13 connects 46 hinged member 45.Constituting supporting bearing shell 48 of clamping convex shoulder 29 usefulness of hinged member 45 and one is attached to intrinsic flexible clamp arm 49 kaysers of having of it and securely surrounds hinged tenon 47.Supporting bearing shell 48 makes roughly half bowl-type, just as the monolateral bearing of opening.

The axial length of hinged tenon 47 is than the big shift motion W along moving direction X of axial width of the clamping convex shoulder 29 that constitutes hinged member 45.

Operation principle by the knife shown in Figure 12～17 is as follows: lid 14 has forwarded the next door among Figure 14.Wherein it leans against the matrix side with its top major surface 50 and is used for slewing limit upper retaining surface 51.Lid 14 forwards on the matrix 13 then, and here the clamping convex shoulder 29 of hinge connection 46 at first embeds in the groove 53 of matrix upper support bodies 17 with a chuck 52 dorsad, and chuck 52 forms a groove 73 simultaneously, clamps supporting mass 17 with it.Thereby reach the enable possition of lid 14.

Lid 14 is roughly being used the pressure P pressurization that can be seen by Fig. 5 and 6 at the position of a handle pit 54 perpendicular to its direction of top major surface 50 then, and move to closing direction S backward, make to obtain the closing position that to see by Figure 12 and 15-17, clamp the corresponding clamping area 31 of matrix upper support body 17 at this position lid 14 with its clamping area 30 from below.

Preventing to be in the lid 14 (Figure 14) that forwards the position, next door to by Figure 13 to 15 insert 76 that is provided with around ground in part, hinged tenon 47 next doors as can be seen in addition may move to closing direction S.

Learn by Figure 17, insert supporting binding face 16 make two be parallel to that moving direction X extends point-blank, from the inner surface of matrix 13 perpendicular to the following principal plane 55 of blade 11 outstanding axial boss 56,57 or raised line up to blade, it is the supporting 58,59 of two shapes that roughly are in line.Add pressure surface 20 before the lid 14 and have the pressurization rib 60 that a small size or linear are given last principal plane pressurization, it is roughly parallel to two linear supportings 58,59 and is parallel to the longitudinal axis y (see figure 4) extension of blade 11, and pressurization rib 60 distributes between two supportings 58,59 prejudicially towards the cutting edge of blade 11.Asymmetric arrangement blade 11 by pressurization rib 60 particularly arches upward near the longitudinal axis y that the place of cutting edge 61 is parallel to blade 11, make it obtain bigger the Torsion Section square and the moment of inertia of an opposing side force, in difficult cutwork, when laying carpet and need the shaped form line of cut, this side force appears for example.

It is contemplated that according to Figure 14, blade 11 is fixed on the matrix 13 up to the clamping boss 62,63 of lid 14 by means of thickness outstanding, that surpass blade 11, simultaneously the inner surface 64 of lid 14 have separately one aim at clamp boss 62,63, at moving direction x axial pit 65 or axial groove 66 that extend, that considered lid 14 shift motion W, it can hold each free end that clamps boss 62,63.Except as lid to the operating handle pit 54 that closing direction S moves, the top major surface 50 of lid 14 has second handle pit 67, operate it in case with lid 14 to its enable possition that pushes along the direction opposite by Figure 13 with closing direction S.Handle pit 54,67 has two to be put mutually relatively, basically the operating surface 71,72 that extends along the longitudinal axis L perpendicular to lid 14.

Two handle pits 54,67 are distributed in certain interval that is separated by vertically mutually.Lid 14 is made a rib 68 that does not have weakening between the clamp arm 34 of two tight convex shoulders 29 of strap clamp that are provided with face-to-face symmetrically in the interval region of two the handle pits 54,67 that axially are provided with.Therefore this position is particularly suitable for transfer elastic reset response power FR.

Represent the situation of rearward end 22 when its closing position of lid 14 by the view of Figure 16, this view meets the schematic diagram by Fig. 9 to greatest extent in addition, and same label is adopted on identical thus surface.Kayser face 37 and sliding surface 36 are made of an insert spare 69, and it is fastened on the matrix 13 replaceably by a threaded 70.Insert spare 69 can plastics make by a kind of specially suitable (for example having great friction coefficient), and matrix 13 is for example processed by aluminum die-casting spare.

With axially directed 27,28 position that only is confined to the supporting base 18 of back, the different back of embodiment, can see by Figure 14 and 16 by Fig. 1 to 3.

The relevant lid 14 of expression is locked at the different schematic diagrames on the matrix 13 among Figure 18 and 19.According to Figure 18 supporting mass 17 from following, clamp clamping area 30 from the lining, and Figure 19 represents to go up antipodal structure how much, by this figure supporting mass 17 from outside surround clamping area 30.

The rear portion 74 of handle 12 is hollow, can be used as the storeroom of blade 11.Pressing Figure 14 can be operated by an opening 75 by the cavity that handle rear portion 74 surrounds.

Claims (38)

1. the knife (10) of band changeable blade (11) and handle (12), having a matrix (13) and one can be at its vertical (L with respect to matrix; X) lid of Yi Donging (14), lid can move into its closing position from its enable possition, before the closing position lid is with it, add pressure surface (20) with blade (11) leniently side pressure to the insert supporting binding face (16) of matrix (13), lid (14) is clamped each supporting mass (17) of matrix (13) from below with the clamping area (30) in the middle of at least one in its closing position simultaneously, go up to move at rear branching holder (18) at available in addition its position, rear end (22) of the point of a knife of front dorsad (15), and removably in closing position, but be contained on the matrix (13) locking, it is characterized in that: lid (14) adds pressure surface (20) and overcomes elastic reset active force (FR) and inwardly press to the direction of blade (11) before its enable possition can be with it, lid (14) is outwards pressed to supporting mass (17) at its its clamping area of clamping supporting mass (17) from below (30) of closing position with elastic reset active force (FR), and lid (14) is realized by stream of the power between lid (14) position, rear end (22) and the rear branching holder (18) and/or suitable kayser or the socket connection of shape its locking of closing position.

2. by the knife of claim 1, it is characterized in that: elastic reset active force (FR) is by producing by having the bending along its longitudinal axis (L, LN, LB) of lid (14) that elastic material makes.

3. by claim 1 or 2 knife, it is characterized in that: before lid (14), add between pressure surface (20) and the blade (11), and/or a flexible member that makes the outside resilience of lid (14) (for example 40) is housed between position, rear end and the rear branching holder (18).

4. press the knife of claim 3, it is characterized in that: insert supporting binding face (16) is made the support pads (58,59) that is used for principal plane (55) under the supporting blade (11) of two space certain distance settings, forms a general by the blade that adds pressure surface (20) pressurization before the lid (14) and before add the pressure flexible member of pressure surface (20) to external pressure.

5. by the knife of claim 3, it is characterized in that: between back supporting mass (18) and position, rear end (22), a pressure flexible member is being housed, semielliptic spring (40) for example, rubber spring, or the like.

6. by each knife of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: lid (14) is made the longitudinal axis along it (L, LN) can't crooked rigid body with manpower.

7. by each knife of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: position, rear end (22) make one can go up the sliding surface (23,35) that moves at rear branching holder (18).

8. by each knife of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: set up a latch elements (41,44) for position, rear end (22) and rear branching holder (18), in their removably mutual interlocks of closing position of lid (14).

9. by the knife of claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that: position, rear end (22) and rear branching holder (18) are made the slip plane (23 that is parallel to each other; 19).

10. by the knife of claim 9, it is characterized in that: position, rear end (22) and rear branching holder (18) are respectively made a slip plane (23; 19), these two slip planes (23; 19) moving direction (X) that is parallel to lid (14) extends.

11. by the knife of claim 9 or 10, it is characterized in that: position, rear end (22) and rear branching holder (18) are respectively made the slip plane (35 of an inclination; 36), the slip plane (35 of these two inclinations; 36) along closing direction (S) rising (α).

12. knife by claim 10, it is characterized in that: rear branching holder (18) has one and forms the inclination at obtuse angle (β) with the latter in the front of the and then slip plane of its inclination (36) for closing direction, kayser face (37) on the supporting base, position, rear end (22) form a kayser face unit (38) parallel with the kayser face (37) of supporting base in the back of the slip plane (35) of its inclination for closing direction simultaneously, are connecting one in the stop plane (39) parallel with the slip plane (36) of the inclination of supporting base of back connection with respect to closing direction (S) on it.

13. each the knife by claim 7 to 12 is characterized in that: the slip or the kayser face (35,38 of position, rear end (22) and/or rear branching holder (18); 36,37) constitute by an insert thing (69).

14. by the knife of claim 13, it is characterized in that: insert thing (69) can be changed.

15. by each knife of claim 5 to 14, it is characterized in that: the semielliptic spring (40) that is installed between position, rear end (22) and the rear branching holder (18) constitutes latch elements (41) simultaneously.

16. each knife by claim 1 to 15, it is characterized in that: lid (14) adds before it that the both sides longitudinal side respectively has a clamping area (30) between pressure surface (20) and its position, rear end (22), and it is furnished with a supporting mass in the matrix side (17) respectively.

17. the knife by claim 16 is characterized in that: two clamping areas (30) are provided with symmetrically face-to-face with respect to the longitudinal axis (L) of lid (14).

18. the knife by claim 16 or 17 is characterized in that: each clamping area (30) is made of a clamping convex shoulder (29) in the lid side.

19. each knife by claim 16 to 18, it is characterized in that: lid (14) can clamp the moving direction that convex shoulder (29) is approximately perpendicular to it with each and embed matrix (13) by the enable possition that the groove on the matrix (33) enters it, and overcoming the closing position that can move into it after the elastic reset active force (FR) from the enable possition, each clamps convex shoulder (29) and clamps supporting mass (17) on the matrix from below with its clamping area (30) in closing position.

20. by each knife of claim 1 to 19, it is characterized in that: each clamping area (30) is the plane.

21. by each knife of claim 1 to 20, it is characterized in that: supporting mass (17) is made a corresponding clamping area (31) parallel with clamping area (30).

22. by the knife of claim 21, it is characterized in that: clamping area (30) and corresponding clamping area (31) tilt, and raise along the closing direction (S) of lid (14).

23. each the knife by claim 1 to 22 is characterized in that: clamping area (30) and corresponding clamping area (31) allow it to make the possibility of limited rotation with respect to the rotating shaft of the longitudinal axis (L) extension of vertical lid (14) in the closing position of lid (14).

24. each the knife by claim 1 to 23 is characterized in that: each clamps convex shoulder (29) and is located at one from the lid longitudinal side, the ground hook that meets at right angles, clamp clamp arm (34) distolateral of matrix (13) from the side.

25. each the knife by claim 1 to 24 is characterized in that: lid (14) last principal plane (21) outward be provided with two perpendicular to lid (14) longitudinal axis (L) extension, mutual back-to-back move operation faces (71,72).

26. by the knife of claim 25, it is characterized in that: two move operation faces (71,72) are made by handle pit (54,67).

27. the knife by claim 26 is characterized in that: handle pit (54,67) is axially at intervals being located setting mutually with respect to the longitudinal axis (L) of lid (14).

28. knife by claim 27, it is characterized in that: lid (14) is made a rib (68) without weakening between two clamping areas (30) that distribute face-to-face symmetrically or clamping convex shoulder (29) in the axially spaced-apart district between the handle pit (54,67).

29. each knife by claim 1 to 28, it is characterized in that: two of clamping in the convex shoulders (29) make the hinged member (45) that hinge between that the longitudinal axis (L) that its hinge axes (A) is parallel to lid (14) extends, lid (14) and the matrix (13) connects (46), and wherein hinge connects (46) and allows it mobile to closing direction (S) in the enable possition of lid (14).

30. by the knife of claim 29, it is characterized in that: matrix (13) has a hinged tenon (47), its axial length is than the big shift motion along moving direction (X) of axial width (W) of the clamping convex shoulder (29) that constitutes hinged member (45).

31. by the knife of claim 30, it is characterized in that: hinged tenon (47) material is made on the matrix (13) suitably.

32., it is characterized in that: constitute clamping convex shoulder (29) the hook-type ground encirclement hinged tenon (47) of hinged member (45) or be attached to the intrinsic flexible clamp arm of having of it (49) kayser and securely surround hinged tenon (47) with a supporting bearing shell (48) and one by the knife of claim 29 to 31.

33. knife by claim 30 or 32, it is characterized in that: blade (11) by means of at least one from blade binding face (16) go up freely stretch out, exceed the clamping boss (62 of blade thickness until lid (14), 63) be fixed on the matrix (13), the inner surface (64) of lid (14) has one and clamping boss (62 simultaneously, 63) aim at, be parallel to moving direction (X) axial groove (65,66) that extend, that considered the shift motion (W) of lid (14).

34. by each knife of claim 1 to 33, it is characterized in that: lid (14) can move into its closing position backward in the direction that deviates from point of a knife (15).

35. each knife by claim 4 to 34, it is characterized in that: blade binding face (16) make two be parallel to that moving direction (X) linear extends, from the inner surface of matrix (13) perpendicular to following principal plane (55) projection of blade (11) axial boss (56 up to blade, 57), they constitute two linear supportings (58,59) haply.

36. by the knife of claim 35, it is characterized in that: add last principal plane (21) that pressure surface (20) makes a blade (11) the pressurization rib (60) of linear pressurization haply before the lid (14), it is parallel to two linears supportings (58,59) extension.

37. the knife by claim 36 is characterized in that: pressurization rib (60) the roughly center between two supportings (58,59) extends.

38. the knife by claim 36 is characterized in that: the cutting edge (61) towards blade (11) between pressurization (60) two supportings of rib (58,59) extends prejudicially.

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