CN116315361B - High-safety battery cell structure - Google Patents

High-safety battery cell structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116315361B
CN116315361B CN202310600787.4A CN202310600787A CN116315361B CN 116315361 B CN116315361 B CN 116315361B CN 202310600787 A CN202310600787 A CN 202310600787A CN 116315361 B CN116315361 B CN 116315361B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
protection plate
battery cell
support frame
battery
air bag
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202310600787.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN116315361A (en
Inventor
黄晋发
孔永乐
张帅
殷滕超
曹凤
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Shandong Xuzun Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Shandong Xuzun Electronic Technology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to CN202310600787.4A priority Critical patent/CN116315361B/en
Publication of CN116315361A publication Critical patent/CN116315361A/en
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a high-safety battery cell structure, which relates to the technical field of battery cell protection and comprises a battery cladding shell, wherein a rectangular support frame and a cell body arranged in a protective shell are arranged in the battery cladding shell, a first protection plate and a second protection plate are arranged on the outer side of the rectangular support frame, and a first buffer component and a second buffer component are arranged on the outer side of the rectangular support frame. According to the application, impact force born by the first protection plate is dispersed through the scissor type support and the pressure spring; the first-stage buffer air bag is arranged to prevent the second protection plate from directly colliding with the rectangular support frame; when the air pressure in the first-stage buffer air bag reaches a threshold value, the air valve is opened, and air enters the second-stage buffer air bag through the air valve, so that the rectangular support frame is prevented from directly colliding with the battery cell body after being impacted and deformed; the battery cell body is tightly gathered through the binding belt, the binding belt is separated from each other when being impacted, the battery cell body can move in the rectangular supporting frame, and when the rectangular supporting frame is impacted and deformed to touch the battery cell body, the battery cell body is stressed to be far away from the rectangular supporting frame, so that hard collision is avoided.

Description

High-safety battery cell structure
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery cell protection, in particular to a high-safety battery cell structure.
Background
The cell refers to an energy storage unit inside the battery, typically consisting of a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte. At present, the battery core is usually directly clung to the inner wall of the shell, and hard collision can be generated when the battery core is impacted, so that the battery core is damaged, and arc spark and even explosion are easily caused by direct contact between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery core.
According to the high-safety battery cell structure disclosed in the patent number CN115332702B, the impact force on the impacted surface is dispersed to the adjacent side through the linkage of the plurality of protection side plates, so that the buffering effect is achieved.
However, in the above technical solution, the buffer member and the cell protection shell are still in direct contact, and when the cell protection shell is impacted, although a part of impact force is dispersed to the adjacent side, the cell protection shell is still impacted at the first time, and considering the temperature condition of the cell when in operation, the existing cell protection shell is usually a thinner metal plate, and when the cell protection shell is impacted, the cell protection shell is easy to deform, so that the cell similar to the impact part is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims at: the battery cell structure with high safety is provided to solve the problem that the protection effect of the existing cell protection structure is not ideal in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the application provides a high-safety battery cell structure, which comprises a battery cladding shell, wherein a rectangular support frame and a plurality of groups of cell bodies arranged in a protective shell are arranged in the battery cladding shell, a first protection plate and a second protection plate are movably assembled on the outer side of the rectangular support frame, a first buffer assembly is arranged between the first protection plate and the second protection plate, and a second buffer assembly is arranged between the second protection plate and the rectangular support frame; the first buffer assembly comprises a scissor type support symmetrically arranged between the first protection plate and the second protection plate; the second buffer assembly comprises a first-stage buffer air bag shot between the second protection plate and the rectangular support frame.
Further, the sliding grooves are formed in the side walls of the adjacent sides of the first protection plate and the second protection plate, the scissor type support comprises a fixed end and a movable end, the fixed end is hinged to one end of the sliding groove, the movable end is hinged to a sliding block matched with the sliding groove, and a pressure spring is arranged on one side of the sliding block opposite to the fixed end.
Further, a secondary buffer air bag is arranged on the inner wall of the rectangular support frame, a gas channel for communicating the secondary buffer air bag and the primary buffer air bag is formed in the rectangular support frame, and a gas valve is arranged in the gas channel.
Further, the protective housing outside is equipped with the band of the electric core body of drawing a beam, be equipped with the connecting piece on the band, the connecting piece is including locating connector and the connecting seat at band both ends respectively, set up the lockhole with the connector adaptation on the connecting seat.
Further, a pin hole on the inner side of the lock hole is formed in the side wall of the connecting seat, and a plug pin matched with the notch is arranged on the secondary buffer air bag.
Further, a locating frame for fixing the battery cell body is arranged on the inner wall of the rectangular supporting frame.
Further, the rectangular support frame is provided with a guide post penetrating through the second protection plate.
Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
the application provides a high-safety battery cell structure which comprises:
a first buffer structure is formed by the first protection plate, the second protection plate, the scissor type support and the pressure spring, so that impact force born by the first protection plate is dispersed in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the first protection plate;
the second protection plate and the first-stage buffer air bag form a second buffer structure, so that the rectangular support frame is prevented from being deformed due to direct collision on the rectangular support frame when the second protection plate is impacted;
a third buffer structure is formed by the rectangular support frame and the secondary buffer air bag, when the primary buffer air bag is impacted to reach the air valve threshold value, the air valve is opened, and air in the primary buffer air bag enters the secondary buffer air bag through the air valve, so that the damage of the battery cell body caused by the direct collision of the rectangular support frame with the battery cell body after the impact deformation is prevented;
through band cooperation protective housing, make the electric core body of installing in the protective housing closely gather together through the band under the normality, fix through the locating rack, make band connecting piece break away from each other through the bolt when receiving the impact for the electric core body of installing in the protective housing can freely remove in the rectangle support frame, when the rectangle support frame receives impact deformation and runs into electric core body, electric core body atress moves to the direction of keeping away from the rectangle support frame, has increased the buffer distance between electric core body and the rectangle support frame, has improved the security of battery electric core.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;
fig. 3 is a top view of a battery cell provided by the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a battery cell impacted by the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at B;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rectangular support frame according to the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of another shape protecting case according to the present application.
In the figure:
100. a battery cover; 110. a protective shell; 120. a cell body; 130. a binding belt; 140. a connecting piece; 141. a connector; 142. a connecting seat; 200. a rectangular support frame; 201. a positioning frame; 202. a secondary cushion airbag; 203. a plug pin; 204. a guide post; 210. a second protection plate; 211. a first-stage buffer air bag; 220. a first protection plate; 221. a scissor-type bracket; 222. a slide block; 223. a compression spring.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the application herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are only used to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the indicated devices, elements or components to the particular orientations or to configure and operate in the particular orientations.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "configured," "provided," "connected," "coupled," and "sleeved" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the high-safety battery cell structure provided by the application includes a battery cladding case 100, in this embodiment, the battery cladding case 100 is an aluminum case, which is high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant, and has a good heat conduction and dissipation effect, a rectangular supporting frame 200 and a plurality of groups of cell bodies 120 installed in a protective shell 110 are disposed in the battery cladding case 100, a first protection plate 220 and a second protection plate 210 are movably assembled on the outer side of the rectangular supporting frame 200, a first buffer assembly is disposed between the first protection plate 220 and the second protection plate 210, and a second buffer assembly is disposed between the second protection plate 210 and the rectangular supporting frame 200.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first buffer assembly includes a scissor bracket 221 symmetrically disposed between the first protection plate 220 and the second protection plate 210, the side walls of the adjacent sides of the first protection plate 220 and the second protection plate 210 are respectively provided with a chute, the scissor bracket 221 includes a fixed end and a movable end, the fixed end is hinged to one end of the chute, the movable end is hinged to a sliding block 222 adapted to the chute, the sliding block 222 is provided with a pressure spring 223 opposite to one side of the fixed end, when the battery is impacted, the first protection plate 220 is forced to move towards the second protection plate 210, the scissor bracket 221 is driven to extend, the sliding block 222 moves along the chute towards the direction away from the fixed end of the scissor bracket 221, and the pressure spring 223 is extruded, so that the impact force borne by the first protection plate 220 is dispersed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the second buffer assembly includes a first-stage buffer airbag 211 captured between the second protection plate 210 and the rectangular support frame 200, when the second protection plate 210 is impacted and moves towards the rectangular support frame 200, the first-stage buffer airbag 211 provides buffer, the rectangular support frame 200 is provided with a guide column 204 penetrating through the second protection plate 210, the guide column 204 is used for guiding the second protection plate 210 to move towards the rectangular support frame 200 when being impacted so as to squeeze the first-stage buffer airbag 211, the first-stage buffer airbag 211 performs secondary force unloading, a second-stage buffer airbag 202 is arranged on the inner wall of the rectangular support frame 200, a gas channel which is communicated with the second-stage buffer airbag 202 and the first-stage buffer airbag 211 is arranged on the rectangular support frame 200, a gas valve (not shown) is arranged in the gas channel, when the pressure applied by the second protection plate 210 is impacted to the first-stage buffer airbag 211 reaches a certain value, the gas valve is opened, and the gas in the first-stage buffer airbag 211 enters the second-stage buffer airbag 202 through the gas valve, so that the second-stage buffer airbag 202 is inflated, after the rectangular support frame 200 is impacted and deformed, the second-stage buffer airbag 211 can serve as an intermediate buffer layer, and the rectangular support frame 200 and the cell body 120 are prevented from being directly collided with the cell body to be damaged.
As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the outer side of the protection shell 110 is provided with four belts 130 for binding the battery cell body 120, in this embodiment, the belts 130 are connected with each other to bind the battery cell body 120 in the middle to form a rectangular battery cell binding body, the belts 130 are provided with connecting pieces 140, the connecting pieces 140 comprise connecting pieces 141 and connecting bases 142 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the belts 130, in this embodiment, the connecting pieces 141 select elastic clips, the connecting bases 142 are provided with locking holes matched with the connecting pieces 141, the side walls of the connecting bases 142 are provided with pin holes on the inner sides of the locking holes, the secondary buffer air bags 202 are provided with bolts 203 matched with the notches, when the primary buffer air bags 211 are extruded to reach a certain pressure, air valves are opened, air in the secondary buffer air bags 202 enter the secondary buffer air bags through the air valves, and the bolts 203 are inserted into the pin holes along with the expansion process of the secondary buffer air bags 202, so that the connecting pieces 141 are driven to be separated from the connecting pieces 142, and the protection shell 110 provided with the battery cell body 120 are not bound by the belts 130, the protection shell 110 can freely move in the rectangular support frame 200, the inner walls of the rectangular support frame 200 are provided with locking holes for fixing the battery cell bodies 201, and the battery cell bodies are tightly fixed at the center of the protection shell 110 by the protection shell 110, and the protection shell 110 is tightly fixed by the protection shell 110.
As shown in fig. 6, a certain space is reserved between the battery core body 120 and the rectangular support frame 200, which are bundled by the strap 130 in normal state, on one hand, sufficient expansion space is reserved for the secondary buffer air bag 202 when the battery is impacted, so that the air in the primary buffer air bag 211 can enter the secondary buffer air bag 202, on the other hand, when the battery is impacted and deformed by the rectangular support frame 200, the secondary buffer air bag 202 expands to enable pins to be inserted into pinholes on the connecting seat 142 to enable the connector 141 to be separated from the connecting seat 142, so that the battery core body 120 arranged in the protective shell 110 is released, when the rectangular support frame 200 is impacted and deformed, the battery core body 120 is pushed to move away from the direction of impact along with the pushing of the deformation of the shell, and the reserved space enables the battery core body 120 to be dispersed in three directions except the direction of impact, so that the risk of the battery core body 120 being damaged by the impact is greatly reduced, the battery core body 120 is prevented from being damaged by the hard impact, even explosion is caused, and when the battery is impacted by the impact, the buffer structure away from the impact side is enabled to bear a part of impact force, and the impact force on the impact side is further relieved.
As shown in fig. 7, the protective case 110 may be a hollow cylindrical body with a polygonal cross section such as a circle or a diamond, and the protective case 110 in this preferred embodiment is a cylindrical protective case 110 with a cross section of an isosceles right triangle.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the application.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a high security battery electric core structure, includes battery cladding shell (100), its characterized in that: a rectangular supporting frame (200) and a plurality of groups of battery core bodies (120) arranged in the protective shell (110) are arranged in the battery cladding shell (100), a first protection plate (220) and a second protection plate (210) are movably assembled on the outer side of the rectangular supporting frame (200), a first buffer assembly is arranged between the first protection plate (220) and the second protection plate (210), and a second buffer assembly is arranged between the second protection plate (210) and the rectangular supporting frame (200);
the first buffer assembly comprises a scissor bracket (221) symmetrically arranged between a first protection plate (220) and a second protection plate (210);
the second buffer assembly comprises a first-stage buffer air bag (211) shot between a second protection plate (210) and the rectangular support frame (200);
the inner wall of the rectangular support frame (200) is provided with a secondary buffer air bag (202), the rectangular support frame (200) is provided with a gas channel which is communicated with the secondary buffer air bag (202) and the primary buffer air bag (211), and a gas valve is arranged in the gas channel;
the battery pack is characterized in that a binding band (130) for binding the battery cell body (120) is arranged on the outer side of the protective shell (110), a connecting piece (140) is arranged on the binding band (130), the connecting piece (140) comprises a connector (141) and a connecting seat (142) which are respectively arranged at two ends of the binding band (130), and a lock hole matched with the connector (141) is formed in the connecting seat (142);
the side wall of the connecting seat (142) is provided with a pin hole at the inner side of the lock hole, and the secondary buffer air bag (202) is provided with a plug pin (203) which is matched with the notch.
2. The high-safety battery cell structure of claim 1, wherein: the sliding grooves are formed in the side walls of the adjacent sides of the first protection plate (220) and the second protection plate (210), the scissor type support (221) comprises a fixed end and a movable end, the fixed end is hinged to one end of the sliding groove, the movable end is hinged to a sliding block (222) matched with the sliding groove, and a pressure spring (223) is arranged on one side of the sliding block (222) opposite to the fixed end.
3. The high-safety battery cell structure of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the rectangular supporting frame (200) is provided with a positioning frame (201) for fixing the battery cell body (120).
4. The high-safety battery cell structure of claim 1, wherein: the rectangular support frame (200) is provided with a guide column (204) penetrating through the guide column (204) of the second protection plate (210).
CN202310600787.4A 2023-05-25 2023-05-25 High-safety battery cell structure Active CN116315361B (en)

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CN116315361B true CN116315361B (en) 2023-10-03

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某电动车型的后车架结构优化设计;苏振;庞庆;唐春柳;;企业科技与发展(第04期);第59-60页 *

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