CN116314571A - Zinc ion battery negative electrode, preparation method thereof and zinc ion battery - Google Patents

Zinc ion battery negative electrode, preparation method thereof and zinc ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116314571A
CN116314571A CN202211558524.3A CN202211558524A CN116314571A CN 116314571 A CN116314571 A CN 116314571A CN 202211558524 A CN202211558524 A CN 202211558524A CN 116314571 A CN116314571 A CN 116314571A
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zinc
ion battery
foil
zinc ion
negative electrode
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CN202211558524.3A
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官操
张海峰
刘洋
曹庆贺
潘争辉
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Ningbo Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Ningbo Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
    • H01M4/0433—Molding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a zinc ion battery negative electrode, a preparation method thereof and a zinc ion battery. The battery cathode provided by the invention can induce the concentration distribution of zinc ions through the embossed three-dimensional micropattern, and the zinc ion affinity is enhanced by utilizing the zinc-philic layer, so that the unique microchannel-induced space selective deposition behavior is realized, the zinc deposition process is uniform, and the short-circuit behavior generated by vertical dendrite growth is prevented, thereby obtaining the battery cathode with high stability.

Description

Zinc ion battery negative electrode, preparation method thereof and zinc ion battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, in particular to a zinc ion battery negative electrode, a preparation method thereof and a zinc ion battery.
Background
Along with the development of science and technology and the improvement of living standard, the demands of portable electronic products and electric automobiles are continuously increased, and the development of energy storage equipment with higher energy density and more excellent stability is promoted. Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries (AZIBs) are widely regarded as potential batteries because of their high safety, low redox potential, large theoretical capacity, and the like.
However, the large-scale application of the water-based zinc ion battery is limited by a metal negative electrode to a great extent, such as uncontrollable formation of zinc dendrites, hydrogen evolution reaction and serious side reaction, which results in the problems of poor cycle stability, even internal short circuit and the like.
In order to optimize the deposition behaviour of zinc, prior studies have proposed modification strategies focused on achieving uniform nucleation and good zinc ion distribution. For example, in-situ preparation of a zinc-philic film (such as zinc fluoride, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide and the like) on a zinc metal negative electrode slows down zinc dendrite growth by reducing nucleation energy barriers and accelerates reaction kinetics, but aggregation deposition still occurs at a place with high zinc ion concentration, and the zinc-philic film is destroyed due to volume expansion, so that the technical scheme can only effectively work under low current density and limited capacity. The other technical scheme is to construct a three-dimensional porous zinc cathode, thereby reducing local current density and optimizing zinc ion distribution, in particular to deposit a zinc-philic nano material (such as silver, metal organic framework material ZIF-8, graphene and the like) on a three-dimensional conductive substrate (such as copper foam, MXene, carbon foam and the like) so as to provide a conductive cross-linking network and a three-dimensional space for efficient distribution of zinc ions, but the mode inevitably increases the total mass of the electrode, reduces the energy density of the whole device, and in addition, the preparation method also needs an additional zinc electrodeposition step, which complicates the preparation process and severely limits the mass production of batteries. In addition, the concepts of the above technical solutions have focused on inhibiting dendrite formation, but thermodynamic and kinetic studies have shown that zinc dendrite growth is unavoidable.
Therefore, it is important to develop a metal negative electrode that can well control dendrite distribution and avoid short circuit risk.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a battery cathode which is stable, high in capacity and recyclable under the condition of high-current application.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a negative electrode for a zinc ion battery, which comprises a zinc foil, wherein the zinc foil has a zinc-philic layer on the surface, and the zinc foil has a three-dimensional micropattern.
Further, the three-dimensional micropattern is selected from any one of: array triangle, array circle, array rectangle, mosquito-repellent incense shape.
Further, the three-dimensional micropattern has a recess depth of 1-100 μm.
Further, the zinc-philic material is selected from any one of the following: zinc selenide, silver, tin, zinc fluoride, zinc sulfide.
The first aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the zinc ion battery cathode, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano imprinting mold;
s2, generating a zinc-philic material on the surface of the zinc foil;
and S3, stamping the three-dimensional micropattern on the zinc foil with the zinc-philic material by using a nano stamping die to obtain the high-stability zinc ion battery cathode.
Further, in the step S1, the nanoimprint mold is processed by using a programmable femtosecond laser technology.
Further, in the step S2, a surface deposition or substitution method is used to generate the zinc-philic material.
Further, in the step S3, a three-dimensional micro pattern of the nanoimprint mold is imprinted on a zinc foil with a zinc-philic material by a rolling method.
The third aspect of the invention provides a zinc ion battery comprising the zinc ion battery cathode, the battery anode and the electrolyte.
Further, the positive electrode of the battery is a vertical graphene nano sheet with manganese dioxide grown on the surface, and the electrolyte is a mixed solution of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the battery cathode provided by the invention can induce the concentration distribution of zinc ions through the embossed three-dimensional micropattern, and the zinc ion affinity is enhanced by utilizing the zinc-philic layer, so that the unique microchannel-induced space selective deposition behavior is realized, the zinc deposition process is uniform, and the short-circuit behavior generated by vertical dendrite growth is prevented, thereby obtaining the battery cathode with high stability.
The invention directly adopts the zinc foil with zinc as the negative electrode, does not contain any passivation substance, and can rapidly imprint the three-dimensional micropattern by using a simple imprinting technology.
The invention utilizes the program-controlled femtosecond laser technology to manufacture the high-efficiency and high-resolution nanoimprint mold, and the three-dimensional micropattern can be optimized according to the design, and the high-stability zinc ion battery cathode with the three-dimensional micropattern consistent with the mold structure and good arrangement can be obtained after the zinc foil is imprinted.
The zinc ion battery provided by the invention takes the vertical graphene nano sheet with the manganese dioxide grown on the surface as the positive electrode, and takes the zinc foil with the three-dimensional micropattern as the negative electrode, and has the advantages of high stability, high capacity, strong recyclable performance and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation flow of a negative electrode of a zinc ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a zinc ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the negative electrode of the battery of example 1 of the present invention after zinc deposition at different current densities.
Fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the zinc foil and the negative electrode of the battery according to example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of current versus voltage for zinc ion batteries of example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an electrochemical impedance diagram of zinc ion cells of example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the cycle performance test of the zinc ion batteries of example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the implementation method and typical parameters of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the parameters described in the present invention, so that reasonable variations are introduced and still fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
It should be noted that endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and that such range or value should be understood to include values approaching such range or value. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a zinc ion battery cathode and a preparation method thereof, as shown in figure 1, the preparation method of the zinc ion battery cathode comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano-imprinting mold, and manufacturing the high-efficiency and high-resolution nano-imprinting mold by using a program-controlled femtosecond laser technology.
S2, adopting a surface deposition or displacement method to generate a zinc-philic layer on the surface of the zinc foil, wherein in a specific embodiment, the material of the zinc-philic layer is selected from zinc selenide, silver, tin, zinc fluoride, zinc sulfide and the like.
S3, the nano-imprint mold imprints a three-dimensional micro-pattern on the zinc foil with the zinc-philic material by adopting a rolling mode, so that the stable high-capacity zinc ion battery anode with the three-dimensional micro-pattern consistent with the mold structure and good in arrangement can be obtained, and in a specific embodiment, the recess depth of the three-dimensional micro-pattern is 1-100 mu m.
The specific embodiment of the invention also discloses a zinc ion battery, which is shown in the figure 2, and comprises a battery cathode, a battery anode and an electrolyte, wherein the battery cathode is a zinc-philic zinc foil with three-dimensional micropatterns, the battery anode is a vertical graphene nano sheet with manganese dioxide grown on the surface, and the electrolyte is a mixed solution of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate. Preferably, the electrolyte is mixed with a 2M zinc sulfate and 0.1M manganese sulfate solution.
The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
10 x 10cm was fabricated using a femtosecond laser 2 The nanoimprint mold of (2) has an array triangular three-dimensional micropattern having a depth of 20 μm.
A zinc-philic layer is created by substituting a zinc-philic material on a zinc foil, typically exemplified by metallic tin (Sn), which can effectively accelerate the reaction kinetics, promoting uniform nucleation of zinc. By a one-step displacement method (Sn) 4+ +2Zn➝Sn+2Zn 2+ ) And introducing metallic tin to the surface of the zinc foil to obtain Sn@Zn.
Subsequently, sn@Zn is imprinted by a nanoimprint mold, and the battery anode (Sn@Zn-IP) with the triangular surface structure can be obtained.
And assembling the prepared battery cathode, a battery anode and an electrolyte into a full battery, wherein the battery anode is a vertical graphene nano sheet with manganese dioxide grown on the surface, and the electrolyte is a mixed solution of 2M zinc sulfate and 0.1M manganese sulfate.
Zinc is deposited on the cathode of the battery under different current densities, and FIG. 3a shows that Sn@Zn-IP is 5 mAh.cm -2 FIG. 3b is a scanning electron microscope image of Sn@Zn-IP at 10 mAh.cm after capacity deposition of Zn -2 FIG. 3c is a scanning electron microscope image of Sn@Zn-IP at 15 mAh.cm after capacity deposition of Zn -2 FIG. 3d is a scanning electron microscope image of a volume deposited Zn, with Sn@Zn-IP at 20 mAh.cm -2 Scanning electron microscope image after volume deposition of Zn. It can be seen from the scanning electron microscope images that the three-dimensional micropattern directs the uniform deposition of zinc.
Example 2
10 x 10cm was fabricated using a femtosecond laser 2 The nanoimprint mold of (2) has an array circular three-dimensional micropattern with a depth of 30 μm.
The zinc-philic layer is prepared by replacing a zinc-philic material on a zinc foil, and metal silver (Ag) is taken as a typical example, and is introduced to the surface of the zinc foil by adopting a one-step replacement method, so that Ag@Zn is obtained.
Subsequently, the Ag@Zn electrode (Ag@Zn-IP) with a round surface structure can be obtained by imprinting Ag@Zn by using a nanoimprint mold. The surface structure of the zinc foil before stamping is shown in fig. 4a and 4b, and the surface structure of the negative electrode of the battery after stamping is shown in fig. 4c and 4 d.
And assembling the prepared battery cathode, a battery anode and an electrolyte into a full battery, wherein the battery anode is a vertical graphene nano sheet with manganese dioxide grown on the surface, and the electrolyte is a mixed solution of 2M zinc sulfate and 0.1M manganese sulfate.
Example 2
10 x 10cm was fabricated using a femtosecond laser 2 The nanoimprint mold of (2) has an array rectangular three-dimensional micropattern having a depth of 10 μm.
The zinc-philic layer is prepared and generated by replacing a zinc-philic material on a zinc foil, and zinc selenide (ZnSe) is taken as a typical example, and the surface deposition method is adopted to generate the zinc selenide on the surface of the zinc foil, so that ZnSe@Zn is obtained.
Subsequently, the nano-imprint mold is used for imprinting ZnSe@Zn, so that the ZnSe@Zn electrode (ZnSe@Zn-IP) with a rectangular surface structure can be obtained.
And assembling the prepared battery cathode, a battery anode and an electrolyte into a full battery, wherein the battery anode is a vertical graphene nano sheet with manganese dioxide grown on the surface, and the electrolyte is a mixed solution of 2M zinc sulfate and 0.1M manganese sulfate.
Example 3
10 x 10cm was fabricated using a femtosecond laser 2 The nano-imprint mold of (2) has a mosquito-repellent incense-shaped three-dimensional micropattern with a depth of 100 μm.
The zinc-philic layer is produced by replacing a zinc-philic material on a zinc foil, and zinc sulfide (ZnS) is produced on the surface of the zinc foil by a surface deposition method, taking zinc sulfide (ZnS) as a typical example, to obtain zns@zn.
Subsequently, a nano-imprint mold is used for imprinting ZnS@Zn, so that a ZnS@Zn electrode (ZnS@Zn-IP) with a mosquito-repellent incense-shaped surface can be obtained.
And assembling the prepared battery cathode, a battery anode and an electrolyte into a full battery, wherein the battery anode is a vertical graphene nano sheet with manganese dioxide grown on the surface, and the electrolyte is a mixed solution of 2M zinc sulfate and 0.1M manganese sulfate.
Comparative example 1
And (3) taking zinc foil as a battery cathode, taking a vertical graphene nano sheet with manganese dioxide grown on the surface as a battery anode, and taking a mixed solution of 2M zinc sulfate and 0.1M manganese sulfate as an electrolyte to assemble the full battery.
The current-voltage curves of the zinc ion cells of example 1 and comparative example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in fig. 5, in which the voltage polarization of the zinc ion cell of example 1 is small, indicating that the redox kinetics are superior.
The electrochemical impedance of the zinc ion cells of example 1 and comparative example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in fig. 6, the zinc ion cell of example 1 exhibited lower charge transfer resistance and faster ion migration behavior.
The cycle performance of the zinc ion batteries of example 1 and comparative example 1 was tested, and as shown in fig. 7, the zinc ion battery of example 1 still maintains 85.8% of initial capacity after 500 cycles, which is superior to comparative example 1 (60.1%), further demonstrating that the zinc ion battery of example 1 has good negative electrode stability.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The zinc ion battery cathode is characterized by comprising zinc foil, wherein a zinc-philic layer is arranged on the surface of the zinc foil, and the zinc foil is provided with a three-dimensional micropattern.
2. The zinc-ion battery anode according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional micropattern is selected from any one of: array triangle, array circle, array rectangle, mosquito-repellent incense shape.
3. The negative electrode of zinc-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-dimensional micropattern has a recess depth of 1-100 μm.
4. The zinc-ion battery anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the zinc-philic layer is selected from any one of the following: zinc selenide, silver, tin, zinc fluoride, zinc sulfide.
5. A method for preparing a negative electrode of a zinc-ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a nano imprinting mold;
s2, generating a zinc-philic layer on the surface of the zinc foil;
and S3, stamping the three-dimensional micropattern on the zinc foil with the zinc-philic material by using a nano stamping die to obtain the high-stability zinc ion battery cathode.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step S1 is performed by using a programmable femtosecond laser technology to process a nanoimprint mold.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step S2 is performed by surface deposition or displacement to form a zinc-philic layer.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the three-dimensional micro-pattern of the nanoimprint mold is imprinted on the zinc foil with the zinc-philic material by rolling in the step S3.
9. A zinc-ion battery comprising a negative electrode of the zinc-ion battery of any one of claims 1-4, a positive electrode of the battery, and an electrolyte.
10. The zinc-ion battery of claim 9, wherein the battery anode is vertical graphene nanoplatelets with manganese dioxide grown on the surface, and the electrolyte is a mixed solution of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate.
CN202211558524.3A 2022-07-22 2022-12-06 Zinc ion battery negative electrode, preparation method thereof and zinc ion battery Pending CN116314571A (en)

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CN202210865926.1A CN115275083A (en) 2022-07-22 2022-07-22 Zinc ion battery cathode, preparation method thereof and zinc ion battery

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