CN116307401A

CN116307401A - Method and system for improving living history street living environment

Info

Publication number: CN116307401A
Application number: CN202310432197.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵琳; 张楠
Original assignee: Qingdao University of Technology
Current assignee: Qingdao University of Technology
Priority date: 2023-04-20
Filing date: 2023-04-20
Publication date: 2023-06-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for improving living historic street living environment, which construct a street view database according to street view image data; acquiring a statistical result of the first questionnaire and physiological signal data of the user in the process of watching the image in the streetscape database by the user; according to the acquired data, constructing an evaluation system by combining with the indexes constructed in advance, and calculating the weight of each index; screening indexes with weights larger than a set threshold value as key indexes according to the weights of the indexes; setting street view images corresponding to a plurality of candidate improvement schemes according to each key index; acquiring a statistical result of the second questionnaire and physiological signal data of the user in the process of watching the street view image corresponding to the candidate improvement scheme by the user; and according to the acquired data, obtaining a candidate improvement scheme with the highest score corresponding to each key index, and improving the life history streets to be improved according to the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score.

Description

Method and system for improving living history street living environment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of historical street improvement, in particular to a method and a system for improving living historical street human living environment.

Background

The statements in this section merely relate to the background of the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

High-pressure learning work and high-density urban environments exacerbate the mental load of residents, resulting in an increase in sub-healthy people and chronic disease patients. The health benefits of living streets are becoming more of a concern as a public space for the daily exposure of residents.

Currently, the research on the street walking environment is mainly divided into two types, namely, the walking experience of pedestrians on the street is obtained through subjective questionnaires and observation interviews on the basis of the perceived experience of the pedestrians; and secondly, quantitatively describing the material environment, such as the aspect ratio of a street, the aspect ratio, the transparency of an interface and the like. Most research has focused on positive experience and mood improvement on streets with less involvement on their health benefits.

The existing evaluation methods are mainly two kinds of scale evaluation methods and physiological index evaluation methods. The scale evaluation method adopts a questionnaire form to score based on the Likett scale, mainly evaluates subjective feelings of pedestrians on streets, such as parking willingness, comfort level, preference level and the like, and generally has two modes of on-site scoring and laboratory scoring. The physiological index evaluation method is to obtain objective perception experience through the change of physiological indexes. The research paradigm combining subjective evaluation and objective physiological indexes can more scientifically and comprehensively describe the influence of street environments on the physical and mental health of individuals, but the application of the prior research is less.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for improving the living history street human living environment; aiming at the health benefits of the life history streets, corresponding indexes are selected to construct an evaluation system, and a subjective perception and objective physiological index evaluation method is combined, so that the perception measure of the health benefits of the life history streets is realized, the effect of the life history streets on the health of residents is scientifically and accurately evaluated, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency and universality, and can be widely applied to the field of research on the walking environment quality of the life history streets with the health benefits as the guide.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of improving a living history street human-occupied environment;

a method for improving a living history street human-occupied environment, comprising:

obtaining street view image data of a historical street to be improved, and constructing a street view database according to the street view image data;

acquiring a statistical result of a first questionnaire and filling in physiological signal data of a user of the first questionnaire in the process of watching images in a street view database when the user wears physiological signal acquisition equipment;

constructing an evaluation system according to physiological signal data of a user filling in a first questionnaire and combining with pre-constructed indexes, and calculating the weight of each index;

Screening indexes with weights larger than a set threshold value as key indexes according to the weights of the indexes; setting street view images corresponding to a plurality of candidate improvement schemes according to each key index;

acquiring a statistical result of a second questionnaire and filling in physiological signal data of a user of the second questionnaire in the process of watching street view images corresponding to the candidate improvement schemes when the user wears physiological signal acquisition equipment;

according to the physiological signal data, noise elimination is carried out on the statistical result of the second questionnaire, the statistical data of the second questionnaire after noise elimination is arranged, a candidate improvement scheme with the highest score corresponding to each key index is obtained, and the improvement is carried out on the street with the life history to be improved according to the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an improved system for a life history street human-occupied environment;

an improvement system for a living history street human living environment, comprising: the physiological signal acquisition equipment and the computer terminal are connected with each other; wherein, physiological signal acquisition device includes: heart rate acquisition equipment, blood pressure acquisition equipment, electroencephalogram acquisition equipment and virtual reality glasses; the computer terminal is configured to:

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention starts from the connotation of the life history street, analyzes factors influencing the health benefits of pedestrians, constructs a life history street walking environment characteristic system according to a selection principle combining scientific feasibility, qualitative and quantitative, gives out the acquisition and processing modes of characteristic factors, determines the weight of each factor through a principal component analysis method and an entropy value method, and finally constructs a life history street health benefit evaluation system.

2. Based on a life history street health benefit evaluation system, a health benefit perception measurement research experiment of a single characteristic factor is carried out, subjective evaluation is combined with objective physiological index evaluation, the health benefit of the life history street is finely measured, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency and universality, and can be widely applied to the field of life history street health benefit investigation measurement.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.

FIG. 1 is a simplified flow chart of a life historic street health benefit evaluation measure;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of life history street health benefit awareness;

FIG. 3 is a subjective cognitive result of life history street health benefits;

FIG. 4 is a life history street health benefit objective cognitive outcome;

FIGS. 5 (a) -5 (i) are image experiment libraries used by the life history street health benefit assessment system;

FIGS. 6 (a) -6 (e) are different forms of street greening used by life historic street health benefit perception measures;

FIGS. 7 (a) -7 (e) are various forms of street enclosures used by the life history street health benefit awareness measure;

8 (a) -8 (e) are different forms of street aspect ratios used by the life history street health benefit awareness measure;

FIG. 9 is a "stress-relief" experimental paradigm for studying historical street health benefits of life;

FIGS. 10 (a) -10 (g) are experimental results of different forms of street greening health benefit perception measures;

FIGS. 11 (a) -11 (g) are experimental results of different forms of street wall health benefit perception measures;

fig. 12 (a) -12 (g) are experimental results of different forms of street aspect ratio health benefit perception measures.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide an illustration of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms also are intended to include the plural forms, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such as, for example, processes, methods, systems, products or devices that comprise a series of steps or units, are not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are expressly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

All data acquisition in the embodiment is legal application of the data on the basis of meeting laws and regulations and agreements of users.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a method for improving living history street living environment;

as shown in fig. 1, a method for improving living history street living environment includes:

S101: obtaining street view image data of a historical street to be improved, and constructing a street view database according to the street view image data;

s102: acquiring a statistical result of a first questionnaire and filling in physiological signal data of a user of the first questionnaire in the process of watching images in a street view database when the user wears physiological signal acquisition equipment;

s103: constructing an evaluation system according to physiological signal data of a user filling in a first questionnaire and combining with pre-constructed indexes, and calculating the weight of each index;

s104: screening indexes with weights larger than a set threshold value as key indexes according to the weights of the indexes; setting street view images corresponding to a plurality of candidate improvement schemes according to each key index;

s105: acquiring a statistical result of a second questionnaire and filling in physiological signal data of a user of the second questionnaire in the process of watching street view images corresponding to the candidate improvement schemes when the user wears physiological signal acquisition equipment;

s106: according to the physiological signal data, noise elimination is carried out on the statistical result of the second questionnaire, the statistical data of the second questionnaire after noise elimination is arranged, a candidate improvement scheme with the highest score corresponding to each key index is obtained, and the improvement is carried out on the street with the life history to be improved according to the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score.

Further, the step S101: and acquiring street view image data of the life history street to be improved, constructing a street view database according to the street view image data, and particularly acquiring the street view image of the life history street by adopting a camera.

It should be understood that the life history street refers to a street with a certain number of history buildings or structures having a certain continuity on both sides, such as public buildings and parking lots for life services.

Further, the step S102: in the process of wearing the physiological signal acquisition equipment by a user and watching images in the streetscape database, acquiring statistical results of the first questionnaire and filling physiological signal data of the user of the first questionnaire, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

the user wears electrocardiosignal acquisition equipment, electroencephalogram acquisition equipment and virtual reality glasses; the street view database is deployed in the virtual reality glasses;

during the viewing process of the user, filling in a first questionnaire, wherein the first questionnaire comprises: stress level, stress relief effect and walking interests (table 1), candidate improvement schemes to improve the life history streets;

table 1 life history street stress relief effect questionnaire

Physiological signal data of a user filling in a first questionnaire is acquired, wherein the physiological signal data comprises electrocardiographic data and electroencephalogram data.

It should be appreciated that the electrocardiographic data is used for noise rejection and the electroencephalogram data is used to generate weights for the indicators. Noise rejection is based on whether the emotion fluctuation condition (fluctuation big or small) of the data filled in the first questionnaire is consistent with the electrocardio data (amplitude big or small), if so, the current first questionnaire is not noise data; if not, it indicates that the current first questionnaire is noise data.

Further, the step S103: according to physiological signal data of a user filling a first questionnaire, constructing an evaluation system by combining pre-constructed indexes, and calculating the weight of each index, wherein the pre-constructed indexes construct the evaluation system, and the evaluation system comprises: four primary indexes and twelve secondary indexes;

wherein, the first-level index includes: street space scale, street-like transition space, street-like interface features and building elevation features;

the secondary index corresponding to the street space scale comprises: plane morphology, aspect ratio, visual entropy and sky opening breadth;

wherein, the secondary index that the transition space corresponds just to the street includes: ground pavement, space separation, street furniture and street greening;

Wherein, along the second grade index that street interface characteristic corresponds, include: the material, color, transparency and openness of the interface of the enclosure;

wherein, the second grade index that building facade characteristic corresponds includes: traditional value elements, facade materials, facade colors and additional components.

Further, the step S103: according to the physiological signal data of the user filling the first questionnaire, an evaluation system is constructed by combining the pre-constructed indexes, and the weight of each index is calculated, which comprises the following steps:

acquiring an electroencephalogram signal of a user filling in a first questionnaire, preprocessing the electroencephalogram signal, and performing Fourier transform on the preprocessed electroencephalogram signal;

inputting the Fourier transformed EEG signals into a principal component analysis algorithm, and outputting weights of four primary indexes of street space scale, street-passing transition space, street-following interface characteristics and building elevation characteristics;

inputting an electroencephalogram signal for watching an image corresponding to the street space scale into an entropy method, and outputting the initial weights of four secondary indexes corresponding to the street space scale;

inputting an electroencephalogram signal for watching an image corresponding to the temporary street transition space into an entropy method, and outputting the initial weights of four secondary indexes corresponding to the temporary street transition space;

Inputting the electroencephalogram signals for watching the images corresponding to the street interface features into an entropy method, and outputting the initial weights of four secondary indexes corresponding to the street interface features;

inputting the electroencephalogram signals for watching the images corresponding to the building elevation features into an entropy method, and outputting the initial weights of four secondary indexes corresponding to the building elevation features;

and performing product operation on the initial weight corresponding to each secondary index and the weight of the corresponding primary index, and taking the product operation result as the final weight corresponding to each secondary index.

Further, the step S104: according to the weight of each index, a plurality of indexes with weights greater than a set threshold are selected as key indexes; setting street view images corresponding to a plurality of candidate improvement schemes aiming at each key index, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

ordering all the secondary indexes corresponding to each primary index according to the order of the weights from big to small;

a second-level index with the screening weight being more than 8% is used as a key index;

setting at least five street view images corresponding to the candidate improvement schemes for each key index.

For example: the second-level index with the screening weight greater than 8% is used as a key index, and comprises the following steps: and screening three secondary indexes of street greening, enclosing wall colors and street aspect ratio as key indexes.

For example: a candidate improvement of street greening comprising: hard land, grassland, shrubs, grassland + flowers, shrubs + flowers; a candidate improvement of enclosure color comprising: warm tone (yellow mortar, brown rubble, red brick), cool tone (green plant), neutral tone (white mortar); street aspect ratio sets 5 forms including aspect ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 4.0.

Further, the step S105: in the process that the user wears the physiological signal acquisition equipment to watch the street view image corresponding to the candidate improvement scheme, acquiring a statistical result of a second questionnaire and filling physiological signal data of the user of the second questionnaire, wherein the second questionnaire comprises:

the user wears a sphygmomanometer and heart rate acquisition equipment;

filling in a second questionnaire in the process of watching the street view image corresponding to the candidate improvement scheme by the user;

obtaining statistics of a second questionnaire, wherein the second questionnaire comprises four environmental features: remote, man-made, malleable and compatible, and set a question for each environmental feature;

the remote performance comprises two aspects, namely that the current environment enables people to be far away from an annoying stimulus source in daily life, such as noise, traffic problems and the like, and the current environment enables people to forget pressure and annoyance in daily life, slows down the rhythm of life and reduces the pressure level through attention recovery.

The finger environment is attractive to people. In an attractive environment, the person does not need to consume a great deal of attention, provides a lower stress level, and helps to relieve mental fatigue. The fan is seen to have a larger coverage in the perceived experience than other features, and is considered to be decisive for stress relief.

Ductility occurs in both the temporal and spatial dimensions. Temporally, it is emphasized that resonance is generated and associated by the environmental experience; spatially, the emphasis on the environment motivates the curiosity of people and encourages them to continue exploring. For example, in a space with long history and strong cultural atmosphere, people want to explore the historical memory and understand the underlying cultural connotation, so that association on a historical period is generated, the environmental experience of space-time dimension is expanded, the interactivity between people and the environment is enhanced, and pleasant emotion is generated, thereby being beneficial to pressure relief.

Compatibility refers to the attribution sense of the environment to people, and whether people support and adapt to things which people want to do here is a sense of mutual fusion and symbiosis of people and the environment. The better the compatibility, the easier it is for a person to generate a direction and preference, mobilizing the occurrence of positive emotions and behaviors, and thus releasing physical and mental stress.

Heart rate variability and blood pressure data of the user filling the second questionnaire is obtained.

Further, the step S106: according to the physiological signal data, noise elimination is carried out on the statistical result of the second questionnaire, the statistical data of the second questionnaire after noise elimination is arranged, a candidate improvement scheme with the highest score corresponding to each key index is obtained, and the improvement is carried out on the street with the life history to be improved according to the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

if the value of the heart rate variability is larger than the set threshold, but the emotion of the filling answer in the questionnaire is neutral emotion (the score is 0), the current second questionnaire is represented as noise data, and the noise data are removed;

and (3) sorting the statistical data of the second questionnaire after noise elimination to obtain a candidate improvement scheme with highest score corresponding to each key index, and improving the life history streets to be improved according to the candidate improvement scheme with highest score.

Further, the method further comprises: s107: according to physiological signal data of a user filling the first questionnaire, noise elimination is carried out on the first questionnaire, statistical data of the first questionnaire after the noise elimination is arranged, subjective expected results of the user on a life history street are obtained, accuracy assessment is carried out on the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score according to the subjective expected results, if the subjective expected results are consistent with the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score, the accuracy of the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score is high, otherwise, the accuracy of the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score is low, and if the accuracy is low, the steps S101-S106 are repeated.

Further, the step S107 specifically includes: if the electrocardiographic value of the user filling the first questionnaire exceeds a set threshold, but the emotion of the answers filled in the questionnaire is neutral emotion (the scores are all 0), the current first questionnaire is noise data, the noise data is removed, the statistical data of the first questionnaire after noise removal is summarized, and a subjective expected result of the user on the life history street is obtained, wherein the subjective expected result comprises: an improvement scheme desired by a user; the user desired improvement scheme includes: street greening, wall color adjustment and street aspect ratio adjustment; and if the subjectivity expected result is consistent with the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score, the accuracy of the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score is high, otherwise, the accuracy of the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score is low, and if the accuracy is low, the steps S101-S106 are repeated.

It is to be understood that the invention acquires walking environment image data of a target area and constructs a living history street walking environment index system by combining related research and current situation; according to street view images, an image database is established, and by means of an electroencephalogram technology, each index weight is calculated through a principal component analysis method and an entropy value method, and a life history street health benefit evaluation system is constructed; through VR technique, using multi-parameter physiological indexes such as electrocardio, blood pressure, etc., applying a pressure-relieving experimental paradigm, measuring the recovery sensing experience of single environmental index, i.e. health benefit. The invention can accurately measure the health benefit of the living history street walking environment and provides a decision basis for stock optimization of the history street and improvement of the living environment.

Further, the pre-constructed index builds an evaluation system, and the building process comprises the following steps:

(11) Obtaining street view image data of a sample area;

(12) According to street view image data, a street view image library is established, the restorative perception of street view images is scored through a Virtual Reality (VR) technology, and meanwhile, the change of physiological indexes is monitored, so that subjective and objective cognition of life history street health benefits is realized;

(13) Constructing a living history street walking environment characteristic system by combining the street characteristics of a sample area through the evaluation indexes of the street walking environment in the existing research;

(14) Selecting street feature images according to a living history street walking environment feature system, establishing an image experiment library, and acquiring pressure levels under the influence of different street features by means of an electroencephalogram technology and an E-prime platform;

(15) And determining the weight of each characteristic factor by adopting a principal component analysis method and an entropy value method, and constructing a life history street health benefit evaluation system.

The specific process of the step (11) is as follows:

and selecting a road meeting the life history street standard in the sample area, dividing sampling points at preset intervals, and acquiring street view images in four directions of front, back, left and right of the sampling points.

The specific process of step (12) is as follows:

according to the street view image data, a street view image library is established; realizing the linkage of street view images and VR equipment by means of a Sketch up platform; the change condition of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) when the street view image is watched is recorded in real time by using the portable electrocardiographic monitoring equipment Polar H10, subjective recovery sensing evaluation is carried out, and qualitative indexes are endowed with different values according to the acceptance degree (from-3 to 3, the higher the score is, the higher the acceptance degree is represented).

The specific process of the step (13) is as follows:

by adopting a literature investigation method, the street characteristic factors commonly used in the existing research are summarized, and a two-stage characteristic factor system is constructed by combining the current street characteristic state of a sample area. Based on the spatial perception hierarchy of pedestrians from near to far on the street: the first-level characteristic factors are established by the atmosphere of the street space, the transition space, the street boundary and the building elevation. The selection of the primary characteristic factors comprises 4 main aspects of street space scale, street-like transition space, street-like interface characteristics, building elevation characteristics and the like, and the environmental characteristics of vertical dimension are comprehensively considered to further refine the secondary characteristic factors. Secondary feature factors include planform, aspect ratio, visual entropy, sky opening, floor paving, space separation, street furniture, street greening, wall material, wall color, interface transparency, interface opening, traditional value elements, facade material, facade color, and additional components.

The specific process of step (14) is as follows:

according to a characteristic system of a living history street walking environment, each characteristic factor is divided into 3 types according to relative conditions, and representative street view images of different types are selected to establish an image experiment library. By means of an Emotiv electroencephalogram monitoring device and an E-prime experiment platform, recording electroencephalogram data when an image is watched. Through the EEGlab platform, the pressure level is calculated by using a Fourier function, and the influence of different types of street features on the health benefit is scientifically and objectively reflected.

The specific process of step (15) is as follows:

the weight ratio of the primary characteristic factors is calculated through a principal component analysis method, the weight ratio of the secondary characteristic factors is calculated through an entropy method, the two weight coefficients are multiplied to obtain the final weight of each factor, and a life history street health benefit evaluation system is constructed.

Further, the method further comprises: the step of perception measurement of health benefits of life history streets is achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

(21) Selecting a street as an experimental sample according to the result of cognition evaluation on the life history street health benefits of the sample area;

(22) Sequentially carrying out health benefit perception measurement experiments according to the importance of feature factors in a life history street health benefit evaluation system;

(23) Via VR technology, different types of life history streets are watched, subjective evaluation and objective physiological index evaluation are carried out through an experimental paradigm of 'stress-relief', and the change condition of a stress level, namely health benefit, is reflected.

The specific process of step (21) is as follows:

comprehensively considering subjective evaluation and objective physiological index evaluation through a cognitive evaluation result of health benefits of historical streets of the endogenous activity in a sample area, and selecting the street with the best health benefits as a sample street for subsequent experimental study;

the specific process of step (22) is as follows:

and selecting the first three items with higher influence effect, including street greening, enclosing wall color and street aspect ratio, through the importance of the characteristic factors of the life history street health benefit evaluation system, and carrying out a health benefit perception measurement experiment. Different forms of the above factors are set based on the street characteristics of the sample area. 5 forms are arranged in the aspect of street greening, including hard pavement of the space under the tree, grasslands, shrubs, grasslands, fresh flowers and shrubs. The color aspect of the enclosure sets 5 forms, including warm tone (yellow mortar, brown rubble, red brick), cool tone (green plant), and neutral tone (white mortar). Street aspect ratio sets 5 forms including aspect ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 4.0.

The specific process of step (23) is as follows:

the street model is imported into the VR system by a sktch up platform, and the experiment is divided into 4 stages using an experimental paradigm of "stress-relief".

Firstly, a subject sits still for 10min, and activity interference in the early stage of an experiment is eliminated;

next, the subject wears VR equipment and performs trichel social stress test (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST). TSST is often used to increase the stress level of a subject, requiring the subject to judge whether the words and colors match as quickly as possible, then calculate the arithmetic questions of plus-minus within 1000, and the whole stimulation process lasts 10min.

Then, watching a street view picture for 3min; and simultaneously monitor blood pressure and heart rate variability.

And finally, filling in a subjective restorative perception evaluation questionnaire.

And resting for 3min after the end, and then carrying out the next group, wherein the sequence is random.

In this embodiment, taking a living street in a historical city block as an example, a cognitive evaluation method for health benefits of the living historical street is provided, the historical city block is a typical representation of recent modern historical features, the cultural connotation is deep, the living breath is rich, the building features are rich in germany and Japanese features, and 64 living historical streets in 15 historical cultural blocks are selected as study objects.

The cognitive evaluation method for the health benefits of the life history street comprises the following steps:

31. and obtaining street view image data of the sample area.

The embodiment obtains network open source street view image data in batches, specifically: and writing Python web crawlers, obtaining the Python web crawlers in batches through an API interface in an open platform of the Tencerting map, dividing streets by using 50m as a preset interval to obtain sampling points, and obtaining street view images in four directions of front, back, left and right of the sampling points, wherein the total number of the street view images is 6400.

32. And establishing a streetscape image database according to the streetscape image data, and realizing cognition of life history street health benefits through subjective recovery sensing evaluation and objective electrocardio physiological indexes.

The step 32 specifically includes:

(321) And establishing a street view image database according to the street view image data.

(322) And randomly extracting a preset amount of street view images from the street view image database to serve as a cognitive sample, wherein the preset amount of the embodiment is 20 street view images of each street.

(323) The image of each street is watched in VR equipment, and the electrocardiographic data is recorded by using a portable electrocardiograph monitor, and after the image is watched, a subjective questionnaire is filled in (fig. 2, 3 and 4).

The electrocardiograph device of the embodiment adopts a portable electrocardiograph monitor Polar H10. Subjective questionnaires used a recovery sensory evaluation scale.

33. Through the evaluation index of the street walking environment in the existing research and the combination of the street characteristics of the sample area, a living history street walking environment characteristic system is constructed.

The step 33 specifically includes:

(331) And acquiring the first-level characteristic factors based on the perception hierarchy of pedestrians by a literature investigation method and an on-site investigation method.

(332) Comprehensively considering the general street features in the existing research and the general profile of the life history street in the first city, obtaining the secondary feature factors, and constructing a life history street walking environment feature system (as shown in table 1).

TABLE 1 historical street stress relief environmental indicators of life in the first place

34. According to a life history street walking environment characteristic system, selecting street characteristic images, establishing an image experiment library, and acquiring pressure levels under the influence of different street characteristics by means of an electroencephalogram technology and an E-prime platform.

The step 34 specifically includes:

(341) According to characteristic factors in a characteristic system of a living history street walking environment, 3 types are divided according to relative conditions, representative street view images of different types are selected, and an image experiment library is built (as shown in fig. 5 (a) -5 (i)).

(342) Acquiring pressure levels after watching different indexes by means of electroencephalogram technology and E-prime platform

In this example, an E-prime platform is employed. The E-prime system automatically inputs segmentation marks (Markers) into the recorded electroencephalogram data while the pictures are stimulated, so that the acquired electroencephalogram data corresponds to each picture, and later data analysis is facilitated. The electroencephalogram equipment adopts an Emotive epoc+portable electroencephalogram equipment, and an EEGLAB platform in Matlab is used for preprocessing and analyzing electroencephalogram data, and the preprocessing operation is divided into 5 steps, wherein the steps comprise: (1) positioning channels and eliminating irrelevant channels; (2) filtering; (3) segmentation and baseline correction; (4) re-referencing and noise reduction; (5) and eliminating bad segments. Then, the power of the relevant frequency band is extracted by using a Fourier function for calculation.

35. And determining the weight of each characteristic factor by adopting a principal component analysis method and an entropy value method, and constructing a life history street health benefit evaluation system (shown in table 2).

In this embodiment, in order to further determine the effect of street feature factors on health benefits, after the collected data is standardized, the principal component analysis method is used to determine the specific gravity of the primary factors, the entropy method is used to determine the specific gravity of the four secondary factors, and the two factors are combined to calculate the final specific gravity of the index. The principal component analysis method is a dimension reduction statistical method commonly used for calculating the weight of each component, and the calculation process comprises three steps:

(1) Calculating a linear matrix, and judging the correlation among indexes;

(2) determining the number of main components and calculating a comprehensive score coefficient;

(3) and calculating the weight to obtain a final weight value.

The entropy method is to calculate the weight by using the dispersion of the data. It is generally considered that the larger the dispersion of data, the larger the entropy value; the smaller the dispersion, the smaller the entropy value. Combining the discrete degree of each index, the final weight of each index can be obtained.

TABLE 2A-land life history street stress relief environmental index system

Based on a life history street health benefit evaluation system, the first three characteristic factors with larger influence weight are selected, and a control variable experiment is performed in a VR environment. And referring to the environmental characteristics of the life history street in the first city, selecting different characteristic forms, and combining subjective evaluation and objective physiological index evaluation to perform health benefit perception measurement.

The life history street health benefit perception measurement system of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

41. based on a life history street health benefit evaluation system, the first three environmental indexes with larger influence weight are selected, including street greening, enclosing wall color and street aspect ratio.

42. With reference to the environmental characteristics of the city of first life history street, a suitable variant is selected.

(1) Street greening aspect:

the significance of the street trees is emphasized in German planning, the phoenix tree is planted at intervals of 8 meters on two sides of the life history street, the tree leaf crown of the phoenix tree grown for years is large, and a large area is occupied in the field of view. The karaya witnessed the development history of the DE county road, was preserved, the space under the tree could be optimized in terms of street greening, and in combination with the usual land-laying plants we set five different street greening forms including hard land, grassland, shrubs, grassland + flowers and shrubs + flowers (as in fig. 6 (a) -6 (e)).

(2) Color aspect of the enclosing wall:

the color of the surrounding wall of the city-a life history street can be mainly divided into a warm tone, a cool tone and a neutral tone. However, because of different materials and different surface concave-convex degrees, the perception difference is larger, if the change of the color of the enclosing wall is simply controlled, the action mechanism of the health benefit of the enclosing wall element cannot be well revealed, so that the original and real enclosing wall style on the street is selected, and the experimental scene comprises a warm tone (yellow mortar plastering), a warm tone (brown rubble), a warm tone (red brick), a cold tone (green plant) and a neutral tone (white mortar plastering) (as shown in fig. 7 (a) -7 (e)).

(3) Aspect ratio of street:

as limits for dividing street space quality, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 4.0 are commonly used in the prior studies, and in order to cover the influence of different aspect ratios on health benefits as much as possible, 5 street forms with different aspect ratios are finally set up in consideration of experimental efficiency, including 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 4.0 (as shown in fig. 8 (a) -8 (e)).

43. And (3) applying a pressure-relieving experimental paradigm, and carrying out health benefit perception measure research by combining subjective evaluation and objective physiological index evaluation.

The experiment was divided into 4 stages using the "stress-relief" study paradigm (see fig. 9). First, the subject sits still for 10min, eliminating the activity disturbance in the early stage of the experiment. Next, the subject wears VR equipment and performs trichel social stress test (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST). TSST is often used to increase the stress level of a subject, requiring the subject to judge whether the words and colors match as quickly as possible, then calculate the arithmetic questions of plus-minus within 1000, and the whole stimulation process lasts 10min. Then, a street view picture is watched for 3min. And simultaneously monitor blood pressure and heart rate variability. Finally, a subjective evaluation questionnaire is filled in. And resting for 3min after the end, and then carrying out the next group, wherein the sequence is random.

In this embodiment, the recovery sensing evaluation scale (table 3) adopted for subjective evaluation sets 11 scoring items based on four environmental characteristics of promoting health benefits, including distancing, humanization, ductility and compatibility, proposed by the recovery environmental theory, and scores by using the licker 7 scale. The objective physiological index is evaluated by blood pressure and heart rate variability indexes. Blood pressure levels were measured by an ohmmeter HEM-705CP automatic sphygmomanometer (OMRON, japan) and evaluated for systolic, diastolic, and arterial (difference between systolic and diastolic). The heart rate variability is measured by using a Polar H10 heart rate chest belt, continuous single-channel electrocardiogram recording data with the sampling frequency of 1000Hz is obtained, data processing is carried out by using Kubios HRV Standard software, and three indexes of LF/HF, pNN50 and RR are selected as evaluation basis. The perception measurement results of the health benefits (fig. 10 (a) -10 (g), fig. 11 (a) -11 (g), and fig. 12 (a) -12 (g)) are obtained through the feedback of the subjective and objective indicators.

Table 3 subjective assessment questionnaire for restorability

The method for evaluating and measuring the health benefits of the life history streets comprises the following steps:

obtaining street view image data of a target area;

according to the street view image data, a street view image database is established, and health benefit evaluation is carried out on the street view image by combining subjective evaluation and objective physiological index evaluation;

Constructing a living history street walking environment characteristic system by a literature investigation method and an on-site investigation method, acquiring an objective pressure level by means of an electroencephalogram technology and an E-prime platform, giving weight proportion to each index according to a principal component analysis method and an entropy value method, and constructing a living history street health benefit evaluation system;

based on a life history street health benefit evaluation system, a pressure-relieving experimental paradigm is applied, and subjective recovery sensing evaluation and objective multi-parameter physiological indexes are combined to conduct health benefit sensing measurement research.

obtaining street view image data of a target area;

In summary, the invention provides a cognitive evaluation method of street health benefits based on street view image data by combining subjective recovery sensing evaluation and multi-parameter physiological index evaluation (electroencephalogram, electrocardio and blood pressure) through a virtual reality technology, constructs a living history street health benefit evaluation system, carries out sensing measure research, finely measures the health benefits of living history streets, has the advantages of high efficiency and universality, and can be widely applied to the field of improving the space quality of living history streets.

Example two

The embodiment provides an improvement system for living history street living environment;

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method for improving the living history street human living environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for improving the living history street living environment according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring the statistical result of the first questionnaire and the physiological signal data of the user filling the first questionnaire during the process of viewing the image in the streetscape database by the user wearing the physiological signal acquisition device comprises the steps of:

during the viewing process of the user, filling in a first questionnaire, wherein the first questionnaire comprises: pressure level, pressure relief effect and walking interest, candidate improvement schemes to improve life history streets;

3. The improvement method of living history street living environment according to claim 1, wherein the weight of each index is calculated by constructing an evaluation system according to the physiological signal data of the user filling the first questionnaire in combination with the index constructed in advance, wherein the constructing of the evaluation system by the index constructed in advance includes: four primary indexes and twelve secondary indexes;

4. The improvement method of living history street living environment according to claim 3, wherein constructing an evaluation system according to the physiological signal data of the user filling the first questionnaire in combination with the pre-constructed indexes, and calculating the weight of each index, specifically comprising:

5. The improvement method of living history street living environment according to claim 1, wherein the indexes with the weights larger than the set threshold are selected as key indexes according to the weights of the indexes; setting street view images corresponding to a plurality of candidate improvement schemes aiming at each key index, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

screening a secondary index with weight larger than a set threshold value as a key index;

6. The improvement method of living history street living environment according to claim 1, wherein, in the process of wearing the physiological signal acquisition device by the user and viewing the street view image corresponding to the candidate improvement plan, the statistical result of the second questionnaire is obtained, and the physiological signal data of the user filling the second questionnaire is filled in, wherein the second questionnaire comprises:

the user wears a sphygmomanometer and heart rate acquisition equipment;

7. The improvement method of living history street living environment according to claim 1, wherein noise is removed from the statistical result of the second questionnaire according to the physiological signal data, and the statistical data of the second questionnaire after noise removal is sorted to obtain a candidate improvement scheme with highest score corresponding to each key index, and the improvement is performed on the living history street to be improved according to the candidate improvement scheme with highest score, specifically including:

if the value of the heart rate variability is larger than the set threshold, but the emotion of the filled answer in the questionnaire is neutral emotion, the current second questionnaire is represented as noise data, and the noise data are removed;

8. The method for improving a living history street human living environment as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: according to physiological signal data of a user filling in a first questionnaire, noise elimination is carried out on the first questionnaire, statistical data of the first questionnaire after the noise elimination is processed, subjective expected results of the user on a life history street are obtained, accuracy evaluation is carried out on the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score according to the subjective expected results, if the subjective expected results are consistent with the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score, the accuracy of the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score is high, and otherwise, the accuracy of the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score is low.

9. The method for improving a living history street living environment according to claim 8, wherein if the electrocardiographic value of the user who fills in the first questionnaire exceeds a set threshold, but the emotion of the answer filled in the first questionnaire is neutral emotion, the current first questionnaire is represented as noise data, the noise data is removed, and the statistical data of the first questionnaire after the noise removal is summarized to obtain a subjective expected result of the user on the living history street, the subjective expected result includes: an improvement scheme desired by a user; the user desired improvement scheme includes: street greening, wall color adjustment and street aspect ratio adjustment; and if the subjectivity expected result is consistent with the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score, the accuracy of the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score is high, otherwise, the accuracy of the candidate improvement scheme with the highest score is low.

10. An improvement system for a living history street human-occupied environment, comprising: the physiological signal acquisition equipment and the computer terminal are connected with each other; wherein, physiological signal acquisition device includes: heart rate acquisition equipment, blood pressure acquisition equipment, electroencephalogram acquisition equipment and virtual reality glasses; the computer terminal is configured to: