CN116305622A - Cutter head module configuration design method based on Internet and shield tunneling machine - Google Patents
Cutter head module configuration design method based on Internet and shield tunneling machine Download PDFInfo
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- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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Abstract
A method for configuring and designing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead module based on Internet and shield tunneling machine cutterhead module comprises the steps of firstly establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead module library, then determining the working environment and technical requirements of the shield tunneling machine, then establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead matching rule library, then carrying out shield tunneling machine cutterhead cutter arrangement, then establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel characteristic generating model, and finally carrying out smooth rounding treatment; the shield tunneling machine panel design and the Internet technology are combined, so that the efficiency and the quality of the design are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling machine cutterhead design, and particularly relates to a method for designing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead module configuration based on the Internet.
Background
Along with the increasing demand of urban underground construction, the shield machine is widely applied, the shield cutterhead is positioned at the forefront of the shield, has the functions of cutting soil, stabilizing excavation surface and the like, is extremely easy to wear and consume due to various impact vibration when the cutterhead panel is in operation, needs to be continuously replaced in the use process, and needs to be redesigned when the shield machine is in operation under different geological conditions, so that the cutterhead panel of the shield machine is one of key components of the design of the shield machine.
Along with the vigorous rise of intelligent manufacturing technology, digital structural design is widely applied, and an optimized model driven by a physical field is established, so that the designed structure can obtain an optimal design structure without complex design, simulation and improvement redesign processes, and the digital structural design mode driven by the physical field greatly increases the possibility of combining the Internet technology with the digital structural design mode.
Because the geological conditions in each region have great differences, different geological conditions need to be considered when the shield machine is designed and manufactured, different shield machine forms, different cutterhead cutters, different cutterhead cutter combination configurations, different cutterhead structures and the like are selected, and if the repeated design work adopts the traditional experience design, not only the engineering investment is consumed, but also the engineering period is prolonged; the opposite is that the requirement of the shield machine panel structure becomes diversified and complicated due to the greatly differentiated geological conditions, so that the life cycle of the product becomes shorter and shorter.
Along with the rapid development of networking and informatization at present, the method not only promotes the increasingly development of standardized and customized technologies, but also rapidly shortens the distance between enterprises and users, enables the storage and reuse of the design information and technologies in the enterprises to become possible, and the shield machine is used as large-scale mechanical equipment, and if the shield machine is not combined with the informatization technology, the requirements of the market are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technology, the invention aims to provide a design method based on the configuration of the cutter head module of the shield tunneling machine and the Internet, which combines the design of the panel of the shield tunneling machine with the Internet technology, and improves the design efficiency and quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cutter head module configuration design method based on the Internet and a shield tunneling machine comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a cutter head module library of the shield machine:
1.1 Module attribute modeling:
establishing a cutterhead database, storing historical shield machine cutterhead design case information, storing submodule examples of the shield machine cutterhead, using the submodule examples as a submodule library matched with a new cutterhead, and carrying out intercommunication sharing on all submodules and the historical cases of the cutterhead by using an internet technology; the module attribute modeling is responsible for realizing three functions of module inquiry, module release and module statistics; the realization of module attribute modeling is to construct a module library, wherein the establishment of the module library needs to input module information, upload a module file, and the module file comprises various model diagrams of a module;
1.2 Module structure division:
the shield machine cutterhead consists of a plurality of parts, each part is regarded as a sub-module, each cutterhead is divided into shared sub-modules to be stored in a module library of the system, and the module structure division is responsible for obtaining a structure division result only by inputting the divided module names;
2) Determining the working environment and technical requirements of the shield machine:
the front-end page of the system receives the relevant geological survey report result of the user and the shield machine design file, and inputs the result into the system as a design requirement;
3) Establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead matching rule base:
when the cutter head is configured, a corresponding configuration rule base is required to be established and used for testing different geological parameters to configure a proper cutter disc module of the shield machine, the definition of the configuration rule is responsible for realizing the manual input of the configuration rule and the automatic generation of the configuration rule, and the automatic generation of the configuration rule is realized by establishing a decision tree and a decision table; training the decision tree classifier to obtain decision trees, traversing each path from the root node to the leaf node to obtain configuration rules, and comparing and reducing the configuration rules with the configuration rules extracted from the decision table to obtain final configuration rules;
4) Cutter head cutter of the shield machine is arranged:
shield machineThe cutter arrangement of the cutter head not only can determine the specific number of each cutter sub-module of the cutter head of the shield machine and the arrangement position of the cutter head on the panel of the cutter head of the shield machine, but also can be used as a boundary condition of mechanical simulation to generate a panel structure; according to user input information received by a front-end page of the system, obtaining information of related sub-modules of the shield machine through configuration rules, obtaining specific parameters of the related modules in a module library, and obtaining the outer diameter d of the shield machine after the front-end page is corrected by a user 0 Maximum cutting diameter d of tool 1 The overlapping amount of the cutters is e, the number of cutter disc spokes n and the edge cutter width b 2 The parameters are equal, so that the cutter of the cutter head is arranged, the number of each sub-module and the specific position of the cutter head are calculated, and a mechanical simulation model of the cutter head panel of the shield machine is determined;
5) Establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel characteristic generation model:
5.1 Building a shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel characteristic generation design domain topology model:
establishing a design domain topology model according to the determined cutter head structure, wherein the adopted characteristic generation design method takes isotropic pseudo-density units as the minimum unit of structural optimization, and the design domain is characterized as closely arranged pseudo-density units; taking the pseudo density value x of the unit as a design variable, wherein the pseudo density value x reflects the corresponding relation between the material density and the material property; the pseudo-density values 1 and 0 represent the presence or absence of the position structure, respectively, and the design variable field x= { x 1 ,x 2 ,...,x i ,...} T Representing the structure distribution in the design domain, and defining the design domain and the non-design domain of the structure according to the pseudo-density assignment;
5.2 Establishing a mathematical model of a characteristic generation design method:
the structural design target is to determine the optimal structural path of the cutting force born by the cutter of the cutter head panel of the shield machine to Niu Tuifa blue and panel fixing points, the design target is the rigidity of the panel structure to be maximum, therefore, the objective function of the optimized mathematical model is c (x), the constraint function is the opening rate of the panel of the shield machine, namely the final material volume fraction f of the design domain, the panel material is determined, and the mathematical model of the design method is created based on the targets and constraints as follows:
KU=F
0≤x min ≤x≤1
wherein: x is x e Is the unit density, i.e., the design variable; u is a displacement matrix; k is a rigidity matrix; v (V) (x) Is the structural volume; v (V) 0 Is the total volume; f is the volume fraction; u (u) e Is a unit displacement vector; k (k) 0 Is a matrix of cell stiffness; p is a penalty factor;
5.3 Feature generation design method sensitivity analysis:
before the iterative algorithm is carried out, sensitivity analysis is needed to be carried out on the objective function relative to the design variable, and the shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel is provided with a plurality of stress points, so that the unit displacement amounts of the i stress points are accumulated when the sensitivity analysis is carried out, and the final sensitivity function is as follows:
wherein: u (u) ei The displacement vector is the unit displacement vector under the action of the ith stress point;
5.4 Iterative optimization of shield machine panel structure:
obtaining an optimal structure model through continuous iterative optimization of material pseudo-density values, taking design variables, objective functions, constraint functions and sensitivity thereof related to the design variables obtained by establishing a feature generation design method in the previous step as input, optimizing a mathematical model of the feature generation design method by using a gradient-based OC algorithm, and updating the design variables until the objective functions converge under the condition of meeting constraint conditions, thereby obtaining an optimal panel structure meeting material consumption;
6) Smooth rounding treatment:
and carrying out smooth rounding treatment on the optimally designed shield machine panel structure, and further modifying according to the processing technology requirements and the manufacturing and assembling requirements to obtain the final design.
The invention has the following beneficial results:
the invention provides related sub-modules of the shield machine panel automatically configured by the system according to geological parameters, construction technical requirements and the like for the initiative, and adopts characteristics to generate and design a reasonable shield machine panel structure according to configuration structures, so that the whole process greatly reduces the work task of designers, shortens the engineering period, has more reasonable design structure and more excellent performance, processes and stores the shield machine panel in a sub-module manner, the information of each sub-module cutter can be intercommunicated and shared, the information is combined with the Internet technology which is continuously developed at present, the cutter panel structure of the shield machine can be enriched, shield machine products are diversified, a shield machine cutter disc type library is established, and the existing structure can be directly called by the heavy module library under the condition that the geological conditions and the construction technical requirements are the same as the historical cases, thereby helping enterprises to avoid repeated design and realizing better production benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a module attribute modeling interface in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a block diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a configuration rule definition interface according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a view of a configuration interface of a cutterhead module of the shield tunneling machine.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for designing the cutter head module configuration of the shield tunneling machine based on the internet comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a cutter head module library of the shield machine:
1.1 Module attribute modeling:
the cutter database is built, so that not only can the history shield machine cutter design case information be stored, but also the submodules of the shield machine cutter, such as various cutter information, can be stored, and the cutter database is used as a submodule library for matching a new cutter, and is assisted with the Internet technology, so that intercommunication and sharing of all submodules and cutter history cases can be carried out;
the module attribute modeling is responsible for realizing three functions of module inquiry, module release and module statistics; the realization of module attribute modeling is to construct a module library, wherein the establishment of the module library needs to input module information, upload a module file, and the module file comprises various model diagrams of a module;
different cutter information is required to be input into a system by the cutter head of the shield machine, and the specific cutter information is as follows: the height, diameter, width and the like of the cutter are different; the module inquiry function can be used for carrying out retrieval according to the keyword object module by possessing the common user role authority; the module release function can be used by designers and the role authorities, various file information of different parts of the new shield tunneling machine cutterhead is uploaded, and basic information of the parts is edited and then released; the module statistics function can be used by the designer and the role authorities, the use condition of a specified module or the use condition of a certain class of modules is checked, the specific interface information is shown in fig. 2, the module interface mainly comprises four parts, the module classification is obtained by decomposing a complex assembly structure according to the module division function, and the three parts respectively upload detailed information of the same type without the structure;
1.2 Module structure division:
the module structure division is responsible for realizing that the result after the structure division can be obtained only by inputting the divided module name; the shield machine cutterhead consists of a plurality of parts, each part is regarded as a sub-module, each cutterhead can be divided into shared sub-modules to be stored in a module library of the system, mySQL (multi-level structured query language) is mainly used for storing data, redis is used as a cache database for storing and displaying information of each sub-module of the shield machine, specific interface information is shown in fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the structural division can be realized by a developer to continue to newly add a divisible structure on a complex structure;
2) Determining the working environment and technical requirements of the shield machine:
the front-end page of the system receives and receives the relevant geological survey report results of the user, shield machine design files and the like, and inputs the relevant geological survey report results into the system as design requirements; the invention is developed based on Java program, adopts Vue as the expression layer, and the user can input soil layer related parameters from the front end, and the required data are hard rock parameters: average and maximum uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, tensile and shear strength, density and other parameters; soft soil parameters: parameters such as static lateral pressure coefficient, deformation modulus, poisson ratio and the like; the construction technology requires: the shield tunneling machine excavation diameter and tunnel depth are shown in fig. 5, the specific interface information is shown in fig. 5, the engineering technology data part in fig. 5 is the user input part, the cutter head configuration data are subjected to primary matching according to the engineering technology data, and more detailed cutter head parameters are corrected again by the user;
3) Establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead matching rule base:
when the shield machine works under different geological conditions, the cutter disc structure and the submodules are also different, so that when the cutter disc is configured, a corresponding configuration rule base is required to be established and used for testing the proper cutter disc submodules of the shield machine configured by different geological parameters, the configuration rule definition is mainly responsible for realizing manual input of the configuration rule and automatic generation of the configuration rule, and the function realizes automatic generation of the configuration rule by establishing a decision tree and a decision table; training the decision tree classifier to obtain decision trees, traversing each path from a root node to a leaf node to obtain configuration rules, comparing the configuration rules with the configuration rules extracted from the decision table to obtain final configuration rules, manually inputting a new configuration rule which can be manually added by a user to meet the updating of shield tunneling machine products, and automatically generating the configuration rules to construct the decision tree by adopting an ID3 algorithm;
constructing a decision tree, namely calculating information entropy and information gain of each attribute, and constructing the decision tree by taking the attribute characteristic of the maximum information gain as a node; the specific configuration rule IF adopted by the invention, such as IF hard rock THEN NUM (hob) >0, namely IF the geological parameter is mainly hard rock component, a hob submodule with rock breaking capability must exist, and in addition, a function configuration rule and other rules can be used for configuring cutter parameters such as maximum cutting diameter of a shield cutter, outer diameter of a shield machine and the like according to the excavation diameter and other information input by a user, the specific interface information is shown in figure 4, and a developer can carry out secondary addition, deletion and modification check on the rule according to the development of the current new technology in a rule definition module;
4) Cutter head cutter of the shield machine is arranged:
the arrangement of the cutter of the shield machine cutterhead not only can determine the specific number of each cutter sub-module of the shield machine cutterhead and the arrangement position on the panel of the shield machine cutterhead, but also can be used as a boundary condition of mechanical simulation to generate a reasonable panel structure; according to user input information received by a front-end page of the system, obtaining information of related sub-modules of the shield machine through configuration rules, obtaining specific parameters of the related modules in a module library, and obtaining the outer diameter d of the shield machine after the front-end page is corrected by a user 0 Maximum cutting diameter d of tool 1 The overlapping amount of the cutters is e, the number of cutter disc spokes n and the edge cutter width b 2 Isoparametric parameters; the method comprises the steps of arranging cutter heads, calculating the number of each submodule and determining a mechanical simulation model of a panel of the cutter head of the shield machine at specific positions of the cutter heads, wherein the submodules such as a positive cutter, a hob and a leading cutter on the whole panel of the cutter head of the shield machine adopt Archimedes spiral line arrangement, if the cutter head structure is large, adopting a plurality of Archimedes spiral line arrangement, and a spin arrangement curve equation is as follows:
ρ=ρ 0 +α·θ (1) formula: ρ is the polar diameter; ρ 0 Is the initial value of the polar diameter; alpha is the normal factor of the alpha spiral;
the shell knife, the profiling knife, the gauge protection knife and other knives which are only positioned at the edge of the cutterhead adopt a uniformly distributed arrangement method;
5) Establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel characteristic generation model:
5.1 Building a shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel characteristic generation design domain topology model:
establishing a design domain topology model according to the determined cutterhead structure, and adoptingThe feature generation design method takes isotropic pseudo-density units as the minimum unit of structural optimization, and design domains are characterized as closely arranged pseudo-density units; taking the pseudo density value x of the unit as a design variable, wherein the pseudo density value x reflects the corresponding relation between the material density and the material property; the pseudo-density values 1 and 0 represent the presence or absence of the position structure, respectively, and the design variable field x= { x 1 ,x 2 ,...,x i ,...} T The structural distribution in the design domain is characterized, the central soil flow rate of the shield machine is small, the pile-up cutting shield machine is easy to form, the stress of the cutter is increased along with the increase of the radius, the stress at the center of the cutter disc panel of the shield machine is not counted, the central pseudo density value is defined as 0 in advance, the stress of the design domain is the arrangement position of the cutter panel of the shield machine determined in the last step, and the fixed constraint point is the lap joint surface of the bracket flange of the shield machine and the cutter disc panel of the shield machine;
5.2 Establishing a mathematical model of a characteristic generation design method:
the structural design objective of the invention is to transmit the determined cutter stress of the shield machine panel to the optimal structural path of the panel and Niu Tuifa blue and panel fixed points, the design objective is that the rigidity of the panel structure is the largest, therefore, the objective function of the optimized mathematical model is c (x), the constraint function is the opening rate of the shield machine panel, namely the volume fraction f of the final material of the design domain, Q235 is selected as the panel material, the Young modulus used by the unit rigidity matrix K is 210GPa, the Poisson ratio is 0.3, and the following topological optimized mathematical model is established under the above objective and constraint:
KU=F
0≤x min ≤x≤1
wherein: x is x e Is the unit density, i.e., the design variable; u is a displacement matrix; k is a rigidity matrix; v (V) (x) Is the structural volume; v (V) 0 Is the total volume; f is the volume fraction; u (u) e Is a unit displacement vector; k (k) 0 Is a matrix of cell stiffness; p is a penalty factor;
5.3 Feature generation design method sensitivity analysis:
before the iterative algorithm is carried out, sensitivity analysis is needed to be carried out on the objective function relative to the design variable, and the cutter head panel of the shield machine has more stress points, so that the unit displacement amounts of the i stress points are accumulated when the sensitivity analysis is carried out, and the final sensitivity function is as follows:
wherein: u (u) ei The displacement vector is the unit displacement vector under the action of the ith stress point;
5.4 Iterative optimization of shield machine panel structure:
obtaining an optimal structural model through continuous iterative optimization of material pseudo-density values, taking design variables, objective functions, constraint functions and sensitivity thereof about the design variables obtained by establishing a feature generation design method in the previous step as input, optimizing by using a gradient-based OC algorithm feature generation design method mathematical model, and updating the design variables; until the objective function converges under the condition of meeting the constraint condition, thereby obtaining the optimal panel structure meeting the material consumption; the convergence condition of the embodiment is that the difference value of the objective function of two adjacent iterations is smaller than 0.01; when the optimization is finished, the volume fraction of the design result is 40% of the whole design domain, and the final characteristic generation design structure is shown as a conceptual diagram part of the cutterhead panel structure in FIG. 5;
6) Smooth rounding treatment:
and carrying out smooth rounding treatment on the shield machine panel structure which is optimally designed, and further modifying according to the processing technology requirements and the manufacturing and assembling requirements to obtain a final design, wherein the result of the smooth rounding shield machine panel structure is shown as a cutter panel structure engineering drawing part in FIG. 5.
Claims (1)
1. The method for configuring and designing the cutterhead module based on the Internet and the shield tunneling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Establishing a cutter head module library of the shield machine:
1.1 Module attribute modeling:
establishing a cutterhead database, storing historical shield machine cutterhead design case information, storing submodule examples of the shield machine cutterhead, using the submodule examples as a submodule library matched with a new cutterhead, and carrying out intercommunication sharing on all submodules and the historical cases of the cutterhead by using an internet technology; the module attribute modeling is responsible for realizing three functions of module inquiry, module release and module statistics; the realization of module attribute modeling is to construct a module library, wherein the establishment of the module library needs to input module information, upload a module file, and the module file comprises various model diagrams of a module;
1.2 Module structure division:
the shield machine cutterhead consists of a plurality of parts, each part is regarded as a sub-module, each cutterhead is divided into shared sub-modules to be stored in a module library of the system, and the module structure division is responsible for obtaining a structure division result only by inputting the divided module names;
2) Determining the working environment and technical requirements of the shield machine:
the front-end page of the system receives and receives the relevant geological survey report result of the user and the shield machine design file, and inputs the result into the system as a design requirement;
3) Establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead matching rule base:
when the cutter head is configured, a corresponding configuration rule base is required to be established and used for testing different geological parameters to configure a proper cutter disc module of the shield machine, the definition of the configuration rule is responsible for realizing the manual input of the configuration rule and the automatic generation of the configuration rule, and the automatic generation of the configuration rule is realized by establishing a decision tree and a decision table; training the decision tree classifier to obtain decision trees, traversing each path from the root node to the leaf node to obtain configuration rules, and comparing and reducing the configuration rules with the configuration rules extracted from the decision table to obtain final configuration rules;
4) Cutter head cutter of the shield machine is arranged:
the arrangement of the cutter of the shield machine cutterhead not only can determine the specific number of each cutter sub-module of the shield machine cutterhead and the arrangement position on the panel of the shield machine cutterhead, but also can be used as a boundary condition of mechanical simulation to generate a panel structure; according to user input information received by a front-end page of the system, obtaining information of related sub-modules of the shield machine through configuration rules, obtaining specific parameters of the related modules in a module library, and obtaining the outer diameter d of the shield machine after the front-end page is corrected by a user 0 Maximum cutting diameter d of tool 1 The overlapping amount of the cutters is e, the number of cutter disc spokes n and the edge cutter width b 2 The parameters are equal, so that the cutter of the cutter head is arranged, the number of each sub-module and the specific position of the cutter head are calculated, and a mechanical simulation model of the cutter head panel of the shield machine is determined;
5) Establishing a shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel characteristic generation model:
5.1 Building a shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel characteristic generation design domain topology model:
establishing a design domain topology model according to the determined cutter head structure, wherein the adopted characteristic generation design method takes isotropic pseudo-density units as the minimum unit of structural optimization, and the design domain is characterized as closely arranged pseudo-density units; taking the pseudo density value x of the unit as a design variable, wherein the pseudo density value x reflects the corresponding relation between the material density and the material property; the pseudo-density values 1 and 0 represent the presence or absence of the position structure, respectively, and the design variable field x= { x 1 ,x 2 ,...,x i ,...} T Representing the structure distribution in the design domain, and defining the design domain and the non-design domain of the structure according to the pseudo-density assignment;
5.2 Establishing a mathematical model of a characteristic generation design method:
the structural design target is to determine the optimal structural path of the cutting force born by the cutter of the cutter head panel of the shield machine to Niu Tuifa blue and panel fixing points, the design target is the rigidity of the panel structure to be maximum, therefore, the objective function of the optimized mathematical model is c (x), the constraint function is the opening rate of the panel of the shield machine, namely the final material volume fraction f of the design domain, the panel material is determined, and the mathematical model of the design method is created based on the targets and constraints as follows:
wherein: x is x e Is the unit density, i.e., the design variable; u is a displacement matrix; k is a rigidity matrix; v (V) (x) Is the structural volume; v (V) 0 Is the total volume; f is the volume fraction; u (u) e Is a unit displacement vector; k (k) 0 Is a matrix of cell stiffness; p is a penalty factor;
5.3 Feature generation design method sensitivity analysis:
before the iterative algorithm is carried out, sensitivity analysis is needed to be carried out on the objective function relative to the design variable, and the shield tunneling machine cutterhead panel is provided with a plurality of stress points, so that the unit displacement amounts of the i stress points are accumulated when the sensitivity analysis is carried out, and the final sensitivity function is as follows:
wherein: u (u) ei The displacement vector is the unit displacement vector under the action of the ith stress point;
5.4 Iterative optimization of shield machine panel structure:
obtaining an optimal structure model through continuous iterative optimization of material pseudo-density values, taking design variables, objective functions, constraint functions and sensitivity thereof related to the design variables obtained by establishing a feature generation design method in the previous step as input, optimizing a mathematical model of the feature generation design method by using a gradient-based OC algorithm, and updating the design variables until the objective functions converge under the condition of meeting constraint conditions, thereby obtaining an optimal panel structure meeting material consumption;
6) Smooth rounding treatment:
and carrying out smooth rounding treatment on the optimally designed shield machine panel structure, and further modifying according to the processing technology requirements and the manufacturing and assembling requirements to obtain the final design.
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