CN116304630A

CN116304630A - Device and method for extracting periodic code pattern from signal and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN116304630A
Application number: CN202310252824.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 请求不公布姓名
Original assignee: Moore Threads Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Moore Threads Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-04
Filing date: 2022-11-04
Publication date: 2023-06-23
Also published as: CN115438704B; CN115438704A

Abstract

The application relates to a device and a method for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal, and electronic equipment. The device comprises: a data stream generating unit 14 that extracts symbols from a time domain waveform of a signal within a predetermined period of time, generating an original data stream; and a symbol analysis unit 15 including a periodic pattern extraction unit 151, the periodic pattern extraction unit 151 extracting a periodic pattern from the original data stream, the periodic pattern being the same pattern occurring in a cyclic period after an interval of n bits, where n is 0 or a natural number. The device can accurately extract the periodic code pattern in the signal, thereby being convenient for coping with the EMI problem of the chip.

Description

Device and method for extracting periodic code pattern from signal and electronic equipment

The present application is a divisional application of application number "202211373428.1", application date "2022, 11, 4", and application name "apparatus for extracting periodic patterns from signals, method thereof, and electronic device".

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of chip design technologies, and in particular, to a device for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal, a method thereof, and an electronic device.

Background

The electromagnetic interference (Electromagnetic Interference, EMI) of electronic products in each country has corresponding limit requirements, and only electronic products meeting the corresponding limit requirements can be sold on the local market. Therefore, the chip in the electronic product needs to be subjected to electromagnetic interference analysis before being marketed.

In the prior art, after the design of the circuit board is completed, a chip is usually installed, then an electromagnetic interference test is performed, and if an electromagnetic interference problem is found, the electromagnetic interference problem is solved from a board level or a system level. The earlier the electromagnetic interference problem is considered, the earlier the problem is solved, the smaller the cost is, the better the effect is, and the lower the cost is. The chip end is often a source for generating electromagnetic interference, especially a high-speed digital chip, so that the design cost and the lead time of a product can be greatly reduced and the reliability of the product can be improved as long as the EMI problem at the beginning of chip design is discovered as early as possible and analyzed and restrained.

In the prior art, the electromagnetic interference problem can be found after the chip is manufactured, and the electromagnetic interference problem existing in the chip cannot be found in the chip design stage, so that the electromagnetic interference problem is often solved from a board level or a system level, the product cost is increased, for example, the cost is increased by means such as grounding shielding filtering; in addition, when the electromagnetic interference problem is serious, the board can be washed, so that the delivery of the product is delayed, and the cost is further increased.

It should be noted that the foregoing description of the background art is only for the purpose of facilitating a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present application and for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art. The above-described solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art simply because they are set forth in the background section of the present application.

Disclosure of Invention

The inventors of the present application found that: in digital chips, especially high-speed digital chips, the periodic patterns present in the digital pulses transmitted by the interface are a major cause of EMI problems, and if the periodic patterns can be extracted from the digital pulses, it is possible to formulate a corresponding policy for the periodic patterns to cope with the EMI problems; however, how to extract the periodic pattern from the digital pulse is a problem to be solved.

In order to solve at least the above technical problems or similar technical problems, embodiments of the present application provide an apparatus for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal, a method thereof, and an electronic device. The device can accurately extract the periodic code pattern in the signal, thereby being convenient for coping with the EMI problem of the chip.

An embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal, the apparatus including:

A data stream generating unit that extracts symbols from a time domain waveform of a signal within a predetermined period of time, generating an original data stream; and

and a symbol analysis unit including a periodic pattern extraction unit that extracts a periodic pattern from the original data stream, the periodic pattern being the same pattern that appears in a cyclic period after an interval of n bits, where n is 0 or a natural number.

The embodiment of the application also provides a method for extracting the periodic code pattern from the signal, which comprises the following steps:

extracting symbols from a time domain waveform of the signal within a predetermined time period to generate an original data stream; and

and extracting a periodic code pattern from the original data stream, wherein the periodic code pattern refers to the same code pattern which appears in a cyclic period after n bits are separated, and n is 0 or a natural number.

The beneficial effects of this application embodiment lie in: the device can accurately extract the periodic code pattern in the signal, thereby being convenient for coping with the EMI problem of the chip.

Specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail below with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the present application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited in scope thereby. The embodiments of the present application include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the scope of the terms of the appended claims.

Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.

It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for extracting periodic patterns from a signal according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of waveform data in a waveform file;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of converting a signal over a predetermined period of time into a digital stream;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for extracting a periodic pattern from an output signal by a periodic pattern extraction unit;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the first interface;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method of extracting periodic patterns from a signal according to an embodiment of the second aspect;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a method of generating an original data stream;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device.

Detailed Description

The foregoing and other features of the present application will become apparent from the following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the specification and drawings, there have been specifically disclosed specific embodiments of the present application which are indicative of some of the embodiments in which the principles of the present application may be employed, it being understood that the present application is not limited to the described embodiments, but, on the contrary, the present application includes all modifications, variations and equivalents falling within the scope of the appended claims. Various embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely exemplary and are not limiting of the present application.

In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first," "second," "upper," "lower," and the like are used to distinguish between different elements from their names, but do not denote a spatial arrangement or temporal order of the elements, which should not be limited by the terms. The term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," "having," and the like, are intended to reference the presence of stated features, elements, components, or groups of components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, or groups of components.

In the embodiments of the present application, the singular forms "a," an, "and" the "include plural referents and should be construed broadly to mean" one "or" one type "and not limited to" one "or" another; furthermore, the term "comprising" is to be interpreted as including both the singular and the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Furthermore, the term "according to" should be understood as "at least partially according to … …", and the term "based on" should be understood as "based at least partially on … …", unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Example of the first aspect

Embodiments of the first aspect of the present application provide an apparatus for extracting periodic patterns from a signal that can help address electromagnetic interference (Electromagnetic Interference, EMI) issues of a chip.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for extracting periodic patterns from a signal according to the present application. As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus 100 for extracting a periodic pattern from a signal includes: a data stream generation unit 14 and a symbol analysis unit 15.

Wherein the data stream generating unit 14 is capable of extracting symbols from the time domain waveform of the signal within a predetermined period of time, thereby converting the signal within the predetermined period of time into an original data stream.

The signal in the preset time period can come from an output signal generated by a simulation module of the chip by inputting an excitation signal into the simulation module in the design and verification stage of the chip; alternatively, the signal within the predetermined period of time may be derived from the output signal generated by the actual chip. Therefore, the method and the device can be suitable for the design and verification stage of the chip and also suitable for the chip test stage after the chip is manufactured.

The symbol analysis unit 15 comprises a periodic pattern extraction unit 151, the periodic pattern extraction unit 151 being arranged to extract a periodic pattern from the original data stream.

In digital chips, periodic patterns in the digital signal can produce electromagnetic interference with higher power densities. Thus, the periodic pattern extraction unit 151 extracts a periodic pattern from the output signal to find a main factor that generates electromagnetic interference in the output signal.

The pattern (bits pattern) refers to the combined form of the data of each bit in the signal. In this application, the periodic pattern extracted by the periodic pattern extraction unit 151 refers to the same pattern in which the cyclic period appears after an interval of n bits (bits), where n is 0 or a natural number.

For example, each bit of data (i.e., data stream) in a segment signal is 01010101, where pattern 01 appears periodically, and there is no space between the front and rear adjacent 01 s (i.e., space is 0 bits; that is, n=0), and thus the segment signal has a periodic pattern;

For another example, each bit of data in a segment signal is xy01xy01xy01xy01, where x is 0 or 1, y is 0 or 1, 01 appears periodically, and adjacent 01 bits are separated from each other by 2 bits (that is, n=2), and thus the segment signal has a periodic pattern;

as another example, each bit of data in a segment of a signal is 001000101110, where there is no periodically occurring code stream, so the segment of the signal does not have a periodic pattern.

According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the application, multiple types of periodic patterns can be extracted, so that the periodic patterns causing the chip EMI problem can be found, and the chip EMI problem can be conveniently dealt with.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 100 for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal further includes: a signal input unit 11. The signal input unit 11 receives the waveform file and outputs waveform data in the waveform file. For example, the plurality of waveform files received by the signal input unit 11 are file 1, file 2, … …, file 5. The signal input unit 11 may output waveform data in the selected waveform file based on the file selection signal. The file selection signal may be generated based on user input.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of waveform data in a waveform file. The waveform data includes a time column (e.g., column a of fig. 2) and at least one digital signal column (e.g., columns B-L of fig. 2), with different rows of waveform data representing signal amplitudes at different points in time. The source of the signals may be a clock signal line, a bit line of a data line, a bit line of an address line, etc.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 100 for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal further includes: a preprocessing unit 12. The waveform data output from the signal input unit 11 is received as an input signal, and a predetermined period of the input signal is intercepted, generating a signal within the predetermined period.

In at least one embodiment, the preprocessing unit 12 may include a waveform preprocessing unit 121.

When the number of digital signal columns in the waveform data is 2 or more, the waveform preprocessing unit 121 may also select a certain digital signal column in the waveform data according to the column selection signal, thereby selecting a signal on the corresponding signal line. The column selection signal may be generated based on user input.

The waveform preprocessing unit 121 may select a corresponding row on one of the digital signal columns according to the row selection signal, thereby intercepting the duration of the input signal for a certain duration, thereby generating a signal for a predetermined period of time. Therefore, lengthy data caused by the source loading repeated excitation can be eliminated, and the processing speed is increased. The row selection signal may be generated based on user input.

The signal within the predetermined period generated by the preprocessing unit 12 may be output to the data stream generating unit 14 and the spectrum extracting unit 13 described later.

In the present application, the signal within the predetermined period of time may be digital pulse waveform data, i.e., each point in the waveform data represents one digital pulse. The digital pulse waveform data may include a distortion signal, such as at least one of overcharging, undershooting, and jitter. If the digital pulse waveform data is directly input to the symbol analysis unit 15, it is difficult to extract the periodic pattern. Thus, in the present application, the data stream generating unit 14 converts the digital pulse waveform data into an original data stream, which may be a code stream (or bit stream) containing 0, 1, so as to facilitate the extraction of the periodic code pattern by the symbol analyzing unit 15.

As shown in fig. 1, the data stream generating unit 14 includes: a level judgment unit 141 and a symbol extraction unit 142.

The level judging unit 141 converts each pulse in the signal in the predetermined period of time into a digital value, for example, 0 or 1, based on the amplitude threshold Ta, whereby the signal in the predetermined period of time is converted into a digital stream, which is a series of digital values arranged in time series.

For example, the amplitude of the pulse is smaller than the amplitude threshold Ta, and then the digital value corresponding to the pulse is 0, and the amplitude of the pulse is larger than or equal to the amplitude threshold Ta, and the digital value corresponding to the pulse is 1. Wherein the amplitude of the pulse may correspond to the level of the signal.

In at least one embodiment, the amplitude threshold Ta may be set according to the pulse amplitude of the signal within the predetermined period of time. For example, the amplitude threshold Ta can be calculated based on the pulse amplitude corresponding to the high level, which has the largest probability of occurrence, and the pulse amplitude corresponding to the low level, which has the largest probability of occurrence, so that the

digital values

0 and 1 can be accurately judged. Specifically, a probability distribution (e.g., occurrence probabilities of different amplitudes) of the pulse amplitudes of the signal at each point in time within the predetermined period of time, for example, a normal distribution, may be counted; then, based on the probability distribution, finding out the amplitude with the highest probability among the larger amplitudes as a first amplitude and the amplitude with the highest probability among the smaller amplitudes as a second amplitude; an average of the first amplitude and the second amplitude is calculated as an amplitude threshold Ta.

For example, the first 5 magnitudes, arranged from large to small in probability, are 3,3.1,2.9,0,0.1 in order, with 3,3.1,2.9 being the larger magnitude and 0 and 0.1 being the smaller magnitudes; of the larger amplitudes, the amplitude with the highest probability is 3, and therefore, 3 is the first amplitude; of the smaller amplitudes, the amplitude with the highest probability is 0, and thus, 0 is the first amplitude; thus, instead of calculating the average of 3 and 3.1 as the amplitude threshold value Ta, the average of 3 and 0 is calculated as the amplitude threshold value.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of converting a signal over a predetermined period of time into a digital stream. In fig. 3, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of a signal.

As shown in fig. 3, the digital pulse waveform data 301 is used to represent a signal within a predetermined period of time, and each point on the digital pulse waveform data 301 represents a digital pulse signal corresponding to a sampling point. For each point on the digital pulse waveform data 301, if its amplitude is less than the amplitude threshold Ta, the point is converted to a digital value of 0, and if its amplitude is greater than or equal to the amplitude threshold Ta, the point is converted to a digital value of 1. Thus, as shown in fig. 3, the digital pulse waveform data 301 is converted into a digital stream containing 0 and 1.

In fig. 3, since the data points of the digital pulse waveform data 301 are all discrete sampling points, one bit symbol (i.e., 1 symbol) includes a plurality of sampling points (i.e., corresponding to a plurality of digital values described above). For example, in the portion of the digital stream corresponding to the time period t1, a plurality of digital values 1 are included, where the plurality of digital values 1 corresponds to 1 (i.e., one bit) symbol 1; for another example, the portion of the digital stream corresponding to the time period t2 includes a plurality of digital values 0, where the plurality of digital values 0 correspond to a plurality of (i.e., multi-bit) symbols 0.

In the present application, for the digital stream extracted by the level judging unit 141, the symbol extracting unit 142 may extract symbols having corresponding digital values from the digital stream based on each digital value in the digital stream and the number of digital values corresponding to 1 symbol, to form an original data stream. Wherein the value of the symbol is 0 or 1, the symbol is the minimum constituent unit of the original data stream, that is, the symbols are arranged in time sequence to form the original data stream. The time occupied by one symbol may correspond to the time occupied by a plurality of digital values in the digital stream, and thus the digital stream extracted by the level judging unit 141 is converted into an original data stream by the symbol extracting unit 142, and repeated symbols due to sampling points are filtered out for analysis by the symbol analyzing unit 15.

In at least one embodiment, the symbol extraction unit 142 may take the consecutive identical digital values in the digital stream as a group, divide the number of identical digital values in the group by the number of digital values corresponding to 1 symbol, and take the result of the division (e.g., the quotient may be rounded up, down, or rounded down, etc.) as the number of symbols in the original data stream with the digital values corresponding to the group.

For example, the number of 1 symbol corresponds to 5, and in the digital stream, 11 consecutive digital values 1 included in the period t1 are set as one group, so the group corresponds to 2 #

I.e., rounded off as a result of the division) takes a value of 1. That is, the 11 consecutive digital values 1 in the digital stream are converted into 2 consecutive symbols 1 in the original data stream.

For example, 1 symbol corresponds to 5 digital values, and in the digital stream, 61 consecutive digital values 0 included in the t2 period are set as a group, so the group corresponds to 12 #

I.e., rounded off as a result of the division) takes a value of 0. That is, the 61 consecutive digital values 0 in the digital stream are converted into 12 consecutive symbols 0 in the original data stream.

In at least one embodiment, a calculation may be performed on the digital stream to obtain the number of digital values corresponding to 1 symbol. For example, the digital values of the predetermined time period in the digital stream may be extracted, the continuous same digital values are used as a group, the number of the same digital values in each group is counted to obtain a set of minimum number values, and the numerical values in the set are averaged to obtain the number of digital values corresponding to 1 symbol. Since the number of symbols is an integer, a group having a small number of identical digital values in the digital stream may correspond to 1 symbol, and the number of symbols may be averaged to accurately obtain the correspondence between 1 symbol and the number of digital values. The average value may be an arithmetic average value, a weighted average value having the frequency of occurrence of the number as a weight, or the like.

The number of the same digital values in each group can be calculated according to the digital stream, so that a first set is obtained, wherein the first set is provided with a plurality of numerical values, and each numerical value represents the number of the same digital values in each group; then, for each value in the first set, if the result of the division of that value by the other values in the set is greater than a threshold, then that value is included in the set of minimum values for that number. Thus, the set of the minimum number values can be determined.

In a specific example, if one symbol occupies (i.e., corresponds to) 10 digital values, then the first set of counted numbers of consecutive identical digital values is ideally {10, 20, 30, 10, 20, 10}, that is, the number of identical digital values in each group is an integer multiple of 10. In practice, however, the first set may be {11, 21, 28,9, 22,9}. In this application, the values in the first set may be divided among each other, and if the divided quotient is greater than a threshold (the threshold is less than or equal to 1, e.g., 0.8), the quotient is marked as a first flag (e.g., true), and if the divided quotient is less than the threshold, the quotient is marked as a second flag (e.g., false). For example, removing the other 5 digits in the first set with 11, the quotient is marked { True, true }, and false is not found, then the number 11 is classified into a number minimum set as one of the number minimum set; for another example, the other 5 digits in the first set are removed by 21, resulting in { False, true, false }, where False exists, then the number 21 does not belong to the value in the minimum set; and by analogy, the judgment is carried out on each number in the first set, so that the set of the minimum number value is {11,9,9}, the numerical value in the minimum number value set is averaged, and the average value is taken as the numerical value occupied (namely corresponding) by one code element. In this method, if the values in the first set are sufficiently large, the resulting average value will be infinitely close to 10.

In this application, as shown in fig. 1, the data stream generating unit 14 may further include a symbol display output unit 143. The symbol display output unit 143 can control a display (not shown) to cause the display to display the original data stream generated by the symbol extraction unit 142.

In this application, as shown in fig. 1, the original data stream generated by the symbol extraction unit 142 may be input to the periodic pattern extraction unit 151 of the symbol analysis unit 15, thereby extracting a periodic pattern.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for extracting a periodic pattern from an output signal by a periodic pattern extraction unit. As shown in fig. 4, the method for extracting the periodic pattern from the output signal includes:

operation 401, performing shift on the original data stream for L times to generate L data streams;

operation 402, extracting periodic patterns in each data stream, and calculating the number of repeated occurrences of each periodic pattern; and

operation 403 determines the periodic pattern extracted from the output signal based on the number of repetitions of the periodic pattern extracted from the two or more data streams.

In operation 401, the original data stream may be a digital signal, each bit (bit) or bit of the digital signal may be 0 or 1, e.g., 10110101011000110, etc.

In operation 401, the output signal for a predetermined period of time is shifted L times, generating L data streams. Wherein L is a natural number greater than 1. The predetermined period of time is, for example, 10 seconds or 15 seconds, or the like. L is the length of the periodic pattern, i.e. the number of bits contained in the periodically occurring pattern, e.g. for data stream 0101010101 where the periodic pattern is 01 and the length of the periodic pattern is 2, whereby in operation 401 the output signal is shifted 2 times over a predetermined period of time, generating 2 data streams.

In operation 401, when shifting is performed L times, shifting may be sequentially performed in the same direction, where the kth shift is to shift the output signal for the predetermined period of time by k bits to the left or right, k is a natural number, and k is less than or equal to L. For example, the 1 st shift is to shift the output signal for the predetermined period of time by 1 bit to the left or right, the 2 nd shift is to shift the output signal for the predetermined period of time by 2 bits to the left or right, and so on.

As shown in fig. 4, before operation 401, an initial value of L may be set through operation 404. After operation 402, it may be determined whether L is greater than 1 by operation 405, and if yes, operation 406 is entered to assign L to the result of L-1, and operation 401 is again returned, whereby the case where L is changed from the maximum value to 1 can be traversed.

Further, in operation 405, when it is determined that no (i.e., L is less than or equal to 1), it means that L becomes a minimum value, that is, extraction of the same pattern in each data stream is completed for each value of L from the maximum value to the minimum value.

In operation 402, for each of the L data streams generated in operation 401, a periodic pattern in the data stream is extracted, and the number of times each periodic pattern is repeated is calculated. That is, operation 402 is performed for each of the L data streams generated in operation 401.

As shown in fig. 4, operation 402 may include the following operations:

operation 4021, calculating the number of occurrences of the same pattern in the data stream at intervals of n bits and having a length of L, where n is 0 or a natural number; and

operation 4022 determines that the same pattern is a periodic pattern when the number of occurrences of the same pattern is greater than a predetermined value (i).

In operation 4021, for the data stream, a pattern of length L may be extracted at intervals of n bits, and if the patterns are the same, the number of consecutive occurrences of the same pattern may be determined. Wherein, the same code pattern appears continuously, which means that: the same pattern is separated by n bits. For example, for the code stream 010010000111001, 001 is the same code pattern, the same code pattern is separated by 2 bits, and the number of consecutive occurrences of the same code pattern is 3.

By setting n, the extraction range of the periodic code pattern can be enlarged, and the electromagnetic interference performance of the chip can be improved conveniently. For example, if pattern xy01 repeatedly appears in the data stream, where x and y are arbitrary values, the pattern will also generate higher electromagnetic radiation energy, so in operation 4021, by setting n to 2, the same pattern 01 can be extracted, thereby avoiding missing important patterns that have a greater impact on electromagnetic radiation; for another example, if n is 3, xyz01 repeatedly appears in the data stream, where x, y, and z are arbitrary values, in operation 4021, the same pattern 01 can be extracted by setting n to 3.

In operation 4021, one or more identical patterns may be extracted for a data stream, and the number of consecutive occurrences of each identical pattern may be recorded.

In operation 4022, for each of the extracted identical code patterns, it is determined whether the number of consecutive occurrences of the identical code pattern is greater than a predetermined value i, which may be a natural number. If not, the recorded information for the same code pattern is discarded. If yes, operation 4023 is entered, and the number of occurrences of the same pattern are recorded, for example, a certain pattern is interrupted after a certain number of consecutive occurrences, and the code pattern is continuously again occurring after a certain period of time, so that in operation 4023, the number of consecutive occurrences of the code pattern in a plurality of time periods of continuous occurrence is accumulated to obtain the number of occurrences of the same pattern.

As shown in fig. 4, operation 402 further comprises:

operation 4024 determines whether n is equal to 0. If not, the operation proceeds to operation 4025, where n is assigned to the value of n-1, and the operation returns to operation 4021, where the same pattern is extracted again for the updated n. If yes, operation 402 is ended and the next operation is entered, for example, operation 405 is entered.

Further, in at least one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, an initial value of n may be set by operation 4026, and n may be less than L, prior to operation 4021.

As shown in fig. 4, in operation 403, all the same patterns extracted in operation 402 may be ordered in order of more to less repeated occurrences, with the first T patterns being taken as periodic patterns extracted from the output signal within the predetermined period.

For example, as shown in fig. 4, operation 403 may include:

operation 4031, ordering all the same patterns extracted in operation 402 in order of more to less repeated occurrence times;

operation 4032, the number T of patterns specified to be extracted, for example, the user may input T through the input device, thereby specifying the number T of patterns to be extracted; and

in operation 4033, T patterns are determined, and for example, the first T patterns are extracted as periodic patterns in the order in which the number of repeated occurrences obtained in operation 4031 is greater than or equal to the number of repeated occurrences.

In operation 4031, when the number of repeated occurrences of the same code pattern is calculated, in order to prevent the repeated occurrence of the identical code pattern from affecting the calculation result, it may be determined whether or not there is a identical code pattern, and if a plurality of identical code patterns occur, the code pattern with the largest number of repeated occurrences among the plurality of identical code patterns is regarded as the same code pattern, and other code patterns among the plurality of identical code patterns are discarded, for example, the number of repeated occurrences of the discarded code pattern may not be recorded. Thus, in operation 4031, the remaining identical patterns can be ordered with the exclusion of the identical patterns.

In one embodiment, the method for determining whether the identical code pattern exists is, for example: for example, for M (M is a natural number) identical patterns extracted in operation 402, the identical patterns are self-circulated or self-added and then self-circulated to obtain a circulated pattern, and it is determined whether the circulated pattern is identical to at least one other identical pattern, and if so, it is determined that the identical pattern is the identical pattern. For example: the kth identical pattern is 0011, which is repeated 100 times; the first identical pattern is 0110, and is repeated 90 times; the mth identical pattern is 1001, and 98 times of repeated occurrences are repeated; after the kth identical code pattern is self-cycled, 3 code patterns of 0110, 1100 and 1001 are obtained, wherein the 0110 is identical to the first identical code pattern, and the 1001 is identical to the mth identical code pattern, so the kth identical code pattern, the first identical code pattern and the mth identical code pattern belong to the identical code patterns, the kth identical code pattern with the largest repetition number is reserved, and the first identical code pattern and the mth identical code pattern are discarded.

In addition, in fig. 4, there may be an operation 407. In operation 407, bits of consecutive 0 or consecutive 1 having a length greater than w in the output signal of the predetermined period may be culled, thereby reducing the amount of computation. For example, the user may input the value of w in the first interface 200 shown in fig. 5 and select to perform bit-dropping, so that the symbol analysis unit 15 can perform operation 407.

As shown in fig. 1, the symbol analysis unit 15 may further include a periodic pattern display output unit 152 that controls the display so that the display displays the T periodic patterns extracted by the periodic pattern extraction unit 151.

As shown in fig. 1, the symbol analysis unit 15 may further include a risk pattern analysis unit 153 that analyzes which one or more of the T periodic patterns extracted by the periodic pattern extraction unit 151 is a cause of EMI problems caused to the signal within the predetermined period.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 100 for extracting a periodic pattern from a signal further comprises a spectrum extraction unit 13. The spectrum extraction unit 13 includes: a fourier transform unit 131 and a frequency domain information display output unit 132.

The fourier transform unit 131 receives a signal within a predetermined period of time and performs time-frequency analysis on the signal to obtain spectrum information of the signal. The time-frequency analysis is, for example, fourier transform, whereby the time-domain signal can be converted into the frequency domain. The spectral information of the signal comprises, for example, the power spectral density (Power Spectral Density, PSD) of the frequency domain, which is used to represent the power density of the signal at different frequency points. The spectrum information may be other information reflecting the degree of electromagnetic interference, and the present application is not limited to the power spectrum density.

The fourier transform unit 131 determines whether the sampling rate of the signal in the predetermined period is lower than the required sampling rate before performing time-frequency analysis on the signal: if the sampling rate of the signal in the preset time period is higher than or equal to the required sampling rate, directly performing time-frequency analysis on the signal; if the sampling rate of the signal within the predetermined period is lower than the required sampling rate, the signal is reshaped based on the specified sampling rate to obtain a signal meeting the sampling rate requirement, and then the fourier transform unit 131 performs time-frequency analysis on the signal meeting the sampling rate requirement. Wherein the specified sampling rate satisfies the nyquist sampling law and is determined based on the requirements of the desired maximum frequency range and minimum frequency interval.

In at least one embodiment, reshaping the signal comprises:

operation S1, calculating a time interval N1 of sampling points of the signal A;

s2, calculating an expected time interval N2 of the sampling point according to the designated sampling rate;

operation S3, remodelling the signal according to the desired time interval N2 calculated in operation S2 and the time interval N1 calculated in operation S1, for example: the multiple M is determined according to the result of N1/N2, and an (M-1) sampling point is newly added between the p-th sampling point and the p+1th sampling point in the signal A, and the amplitude of the signal of the newly added (M-1) sampling point is the same as that of the p-th sampling point, thereby reshaping the signal A into a signal B. Where p is a natural number, p being less than or equal to the total number of sampling points in signal a.

By operation S3, the number of sampling points of the signal B becomes a×m, the signal B can satisfy the requirement of the specified sampling rate, and the fourier transform unit 131 can perform time-frequency analysis for the signal B.

In at least one embodiment, the fourier transform unit 131 may further perform time-frequency analysis on the periodic code pattern extracted by the symbol analysis unit 15 to obtain spectrum information of the periodic code pattern.

The frequency domain information display output unit 132 causes the display to display the spectrum information obtained by the fourier transform unit 131, for example, to display the spectrum information of the signal in the predetermined period of time, and/or to display the spectrum information of the periodic pattern.

As shown in fig. 1, the spectrum extraction unit 13 further includes: a database 133. The database 133 stores reference spectrum information. The reference spectrum information is, for example, spectrum information of an output signal of a chip of the previous generation, or spectrum information of an output signal satisfying electromagnetic interference requirements, or the like.

The frequency domain information display output unit 132 may compare the reference spectrum information with the spectrum information of the signal in the predetermined period of time obtained by the fourier transform unit 131 and/or the spectrum information showing the periodic pattern, for example, to cause the reference spectrum information to be displayed on a display together with the spectrum information obtained by the fourier transform unit 131, or to compare whether the amplitude (i.e., power density) of the discrete spike frequency radiation points in the spectrum information obtained by the fourier transform unit 131 is higher than the amplitude of the discrete spike frequency radiation points in the reference spectrum information, thereby facilitating the judgment of whether the signal in the predetermined period of time has an EMI problem or whether the periodic pattern may cause an EMI problem.

In at least one embodiment, the frequency domain information display output unit 132 may also transmit the above-described comparison result to the symbol analysis unit 15. Further, the frequency domain information display output unit 132 may also transmit the frequency spectrum information obtained by the fourier transform unit 131 (i.e., the frequency spectrum information of the signal and/or the frequency spectrum information of the periodic pattern in the predetermined period of time) to the symbol analysis unit 15, for example, the frequency information and the amplitude information of the peak frequency radiation point in the frequency spectrum information of the signal in the predetermined period of time to the symbol analysis unit.

In at least one embodiment, when the comparison result indicates that the signal within the predetermined period of time has an EMI problem, the risk pattern analysis unit 153 may analyze which periodic patterns may cause the EMI problem.

For example, dashed box 408 of FIG. 4 embodies the operation of analyzing the periodic patterns.

As shown in fig. 4, in operation 4081, the fourier transform unit 131 first performs fourier transform on the signal within the predetermined period to obtain information of the spike frequency radiation point in the spectrum information, for example, the frequency of the spike frequency radiation point, or the like. The spectrum information of the signal within the predetermined period may be fed back to the symbol analysis unit 15 through operation 4083.

In operation 4082, the risk pattern analysis unit 153 transmits the periodic pattern extracted by the periodic pattern extraction unit 151 to the fourier transform unit 131, and performs operation 4081, thereby analyzing spectrum information of the periodic pattern.

In operation 4083, the spectrum information of the periodic pattern obtained in operation 4081 is fed back to the symbol analysis unit 15 through the frequency domain information display output unit 132.

In operation 4084, the risk pattern analysis unit 153 compares the fed-back spectrum information of the periodic pattern with the spectrum information of the signal in the predetermined period, for example, determines whether the frequency of the spike frequency radiation point in the spectrum information of the periodic pattern at least partially coincides with the frequency of the spike frequency radiation point in the spectrum information of the signal in the predetermined period, determines that the periodic pattern has an influence on EMI of the signal in the predetermined period if at least partially coincides, and outputs or displays the periodic pattern in operation 4085. If not, the periodic pattern is discarded.

In operation 4086, it is determined whether or not verification of T periodic patterns is completed, if yes, operation 408 is ended, if no, operation 4082 is performed, one unverified pattern of the T periodic patterns is output to the processing liquid converting unit 131, and operation 4081 is performed again.

Thus, risk pattern analysis section 153 can determine which one or more of the periodic patterns extracted by periodic pattern extraction section 151 has an effect on the EMI problem of the signal in the predetermined period. Further, measures for coping with EMI problems can be formulated for the determined periodic patterns.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 100 for extracting a periodic pattern from a signal further comprises a display control unit 16. The display control unit 16 may be connected to at least one of the signal input unit 11, the preprocessing unit 12, the spectrum extraction unit 13, the data stream generation unit 14, and the symbol analysis unit 15, and cause a display to display information corresponding to the respective units.

In at least one embodiment, the display control unit 16 may control the display to display the first interface on a display screen of the display. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the first interface, as shown in fig. 5, the first interface 200 includes: loading the source waveform window 210, waveform preprocessing window 212, fourier transform configuration window 214, symbol extraction configuration window 216, looking up the specified pattern configuration window 218, looking up at least one of the all periodic pattern configuration window 220 and the main display window 222.

A loading source waveform window 210, which corresponds to information of the signal input unit 11, can display a list of received waveform files; a waveform preprocessing window 212 corresponding to the preprocessing unit 12, the window 212 being capable of displaying information of a row selected by the row selection signal and/or information of a data column selected by the column selection signal; a fourier transform configuration window 214 corresponding to the spectrum extraction unit 13; a symbol extraction configuration window 216 corresponding to the data stream generation unit 14; find the specified pattern configuration window 218 and find all periodic pattern configuration windows 220, correspond to the symbol analysis unit 15, for example, the user may input a pattern in the window 218, and when the user selects the window 220, the periodic pattern extracted by the symbol analysis unit 15 is displayed in the main display window 222; the main display window 222 is used to display the processing results of the windows 214 to 220.

In at least one embodiment, each of the windows 214-220 may display information, such as configuration information to be entered by a user, e.g., information on a row in a waveform file, information on a column in a waveform file, filtering of display information, parameters w, L, n, i referred to in the foregoing description, etc.

The display control unit 16 may switch the display contents of the main display window 222 based on the selection of the windows 214 to 220 by the window selection signal. For example, the user may perform a window selection operation through a key or a touch screen, thereby generating a window selection signal.

According to the embodiment of the first aspect, the periodic code pattern can be extracted from the signal, so that powerful technical support is provided for analyzing and solving the EMI problem, and the EMI risk of the chip is reduced.

Embodiments of the second aspect

Embodiments of the second aspect of the present application provide a method for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal, corresponding to the apparatus 100 for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal of the embodiment of the first aspect.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method of extracting a periodic pattern from a signal according to an embodiment of the second aspect. As shown in fig. 6, the method for extracting a periodic pattern from a signal includes:

operation 61, extracting code elements from the time domain waveform of the signal within a predetermined time period, generating an original data stream; and

operation 62 extracts a periodic pattern from the original data stream, the periodic pattern being the same pattern occurring in a cyclic period after an interval of n bits (bits), where n is 0 or a natural number.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a method of generating an original data stream for implementing operation 61, the method of generating an original data stream comprising:

operation 71 of converting each pulse signal in the signal within the predetermined time period into a digital value based on an amplitude threshold, thereby converting the signal within the predetermined time period into a digital stream; and

operation 72 extracts the code element with the corresponding code value from the code stream based on the code value and the number of code values corresponding to the 1 code element to form the original data stream.

In operation 71, an amplitude threshold is set based on the amplitude of a predetermined number of pulses in the signal within the predetermined period of time. For example, the amplitude threshold value is equal to an average value of a pulse amplitude corresponding to a high level, which is the largest in occurrence probability, and a pulse amplitude corresponding to a low level, which is the largest in occurrence probability, in the signal within the predetermined period.

In operation 72, the number of consecutive identical digital values in the digital stream is taken as a group, and the number of identical digital values in the group is divided by the number of digital values corresponding to 1 symbol, so as to obtain the number of symbols with the digital values corresponding to the group in the original data stream.

In this application, the embodiment of operation 62 may refer to

operations

401, 402, and 403 of fig. 4.

As shown in fig. 6, the method for extracting a periodic code pattern from a signal further includes:

operation 60 intercepts a predetermined time period of the input signal, generating a signal within the predetermined time period.

operation 63, performing time-frequency analysis on the signal to obtain spectrum information of the signal; and

operation 64 causes the display to display spectral information of the signal.

and an operation 65, when the sampling rate of the signal is judged to be lower than the required sampling rate, the signal is remolded based on the designated sampling rate, so as to obtain the signal meeting the requirement of the sampling rate.

Operation 65 may precede operation 63, whereby, in case operation 65 is performed, in operation 63, a time-frequency analysis may be performed on the signal meeting the sampling rate requirement.

and (66) performing time-frequency analysis on the extracted periodic code pattern to obtain the frequency spectrum information of the periodic code pattern, and enabling a display to display the frequency spectrum information of the periodic code pattern.

operation 67 compares at least two of the reference spectral information, the spectral information of the periodic pattern, and the spectral information of the signal for the predetermined period of time.

In the embodiment of the second aspect, a detailed description of each operation of the method of extracting the periodic pattern from the signal may be referred to the description of each unit of the apparatus 100 for extracting the periodic pattern from the signal in the embodiment of the first aspect.

Embodiments of the third aspect

An embodiment of the third aspect provides an electronic device having the apparatus 100 for extracting periodic patterns from a signal according to an embodiment of the first aspect.

The electronic device may be, for example, a computer, server, workstation, laptop, smart phone, etc.; embodiments of the present application are not so limited.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device. As shown in fig. 1, the electronic device 800 may include: a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, CPU) 810 and a memory 820; the memory 820 is coupled to the central processor 810. Wherein the memory 820 may store various data; a program 821 of information processing is also stored, and the program 821 is executed under the control of the processor 810.

In some embodiments, the functionality of the apparatus 100 for extracting periodic patterns from a signal is integrated into the processor 810 for implementation. Wherein the processor 810 is configured to implement the method as described in the embodiments of the second aspect.

In some embodiments, the device 100 for extracting the periodic code pattern from the signal is configured separately from the processor 810, for example, the device 100 for extracting the periodic code pattern from the signal may be configured as a chip connected to the processor 810, and the function of the device 100 for extracting the periodic code pattern from the signal is implemented under the control of the processor 810.

Further, as shown in fig. 8, the electronic device 800 may further include: input output (I/O) devices 830 and displays 840, etc.; wherein, the functions of the above components are similar to the prior art, and are not repeated here. It is noted that host 800 need not include all of the components shown in FIG. 8; in addition, the host 800 may further include components not shown in fig. 8, and reference may be made to the related art.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method in embodiments of the second aspect when executing the computer program.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method in embodiments of the second aspect.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method in embodiments of the second aspect.

The technical schemes of the embodiments of the application all accord with the relevant regulations of national laws and regulations for data acquisition, storage, use, processing and the like.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

The foregoing embodiments have been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present application and are not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A data stream generating unit extracts symbols from a time domain waveform of a signal within a predetermined period of time, generates a data stream,

the data stream generating unit includes:

a level judgment unit which converts each pulse signal in the signals in the predetermined period of time into a digital value based on an amplitude threshold value, thereby converting the signals in the predetermined period of time into a digital stream;

and a code element extraction unit for extracting code elements with corresponding code values from the digital stream based on the code values and the number of the code values corresponding to the 1 code elements so as to form the data stream.

2. The data stream generating unit of claim 1, wherein,

the amplitude threshold is set based on the amplitude of a predetermined number of pulses in the signal over the predetermined period of time.

3. The data stream generating unit of claim 2, wherein,

the amplitude threshold value is equal to an average value of a pulse amplitude corresponding to a high level, which has a maximum occurrence probability, and a pulse amplitude corresponding to a low level, which has a maximum occurrence probability, in the signal within the predetermined period.

4. The data stream generating unit of claim 1, wherein,

The code element extraction unit takes the continuous same digital value in the digital stream as a group, divides the number of the same digital value in the group by the number of the digital value corresponding to 1 code element, and obtains the number of the code elements with the digital value corresponding to the group in the data stream.

5. The data stream generating unit of claim 1, wherein,

and taking the continuous same digital values in the digital stream as a group, and counting the number of the same digital values in each group to obtain the number of the digital values corresponding to 1 code element.

6. A method of extracting symbols extracts symbols from a time domain waveform of a signal over a predetermined period of time to generate a data stream,

characterized in that the method comprises:

converting each pulse signal in the signals within the preset time period into a digital value based on an amplitude threshold value, so that the signals within the preset time period are converted into a digital stream; and

and extracting code elements with corresponding code values from the digital stream based on the code values and the number of the code values corresponding to the 1 code element so as to form the data stream.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein,

8. The method of claim 7, wherein,

9. The method of claim 6, wherein,

in the step of forming the data stream, the continuous same digital value in the digital stream is taken as a group, and the number of the same digital value in the group is divided by the number of the digital value corresponding to 1 code element, so as to obtain the number of the code elements with the digital value corresponding to the group in the data stream.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises:

11. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method of any one of claims 6 to 10 when executing the computer program.

12. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 6 to 10.

13. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product comprises a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 6 to 10.