CN116300673A - Device for protecting internal circuit of PLC digital quantity input module based on intermediate relay - Google Patents
Device for protecting internal circuit of PLC digital quantity input module based on intermediate relay Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007635 classification algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003066 decision tree Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007477 logistic regression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012706 support-vector machine Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
- G05B19/054—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/10—Plc systems
- G05B2219/11—Plc I-O input output
- G05B2219/1105—I-O
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/40—Display of information, e.g. of data or controls
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for protecting an internal circuit of a PLC digital quantity input module based on an intermediate relay, which comprises the intermediate relay, wherein the intermediate relay is connected with external field equipment and an external PLC digital quantity input module, the intermediate relay is connected with a protection circuit module through contacts, the protection circuit module is connected with a front end acquisition input module, the front end acquisition input module is connected with a CPU module, the CPU module is connected with an isolation output module, and is also connected with an early warning module, a communication module, a power input module and a reset module; the invention can replace a switch signal transmitted by a field end to be input into a PLC digital quantity input module as an isolating device, so that the field device is not directly connected with the PLC digital quantity input module, a circuit inside the PLC digital quantity input module is protected from being impacted by external bad signals, the running reliability and stability of a PLC control system are improved, the failure occurrence rate of the device is reduced, and the waste heat recovery effect is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electronic communication, in particular to a device for protecting an internal circuit of a PLC digital quantity input module based on an intermediate relay.
Background
The current three workshop waste heat recovery electric control mode adopts Siemens programmable controller (PLC for short) control, the PLC adopts Siemens new generation ET200SP field distributed I/O system, the system is composed of a Siemens CPU module (CPU 1510SP-1 NP), a plurality of input/output modules (I/O modules for short), a base unit and a server module, the I/O module is inserted in the base and connected to the CPU module through the base, the system structure is modularized, and the I/O module can be inserted in the passive base in any combination mode, thus being a highly flexible expandable system.
The I/O module in the system comprises a digital quantity input module (DI module for short), a digital quantity output module (DQ module for short), an analog quantity input module (AI module for short) and a communication module, wherein the PLC input module transmits various on-site switching values and analog quantity signals of sensors to a CPU of the PLC for processing, and the results are output by the PLC output module to control on-site valves, motors and the like to be executed. However, in practical use, the digital input module DI of the PLC is affected by a plurality of factors such as field environment (electromagnetic environment) and power quality, and unstable voltage and current signals enter the internal circuit of the digital input module DI, so that the internal components of the DI module are burned. This often occurs, affecting the operation of the on-site waste heat recovery equipment, resulting in reduced waste heat recovery efficiency and increased energy consumption.
Therefore, a device capable of avoiding the burning point of the PLC digital input module DI caused by external factors is needed to ensure the effective operation of the waste heat recovery device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a device for protecting the internal circuit of a PLC digital quantity input module based on an intermediate relay.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the device for protecting the internal circuit of the PLC digital quantity input module based on the intermediate relay comprises the intermediate relay, wherein the input end of the intermediate relay is connected with external field equipment, the output end of the intermediate relay is connected with an external PLC digital quantity input module, the intermediate relay is connected with the input end of a protection circuit module through a contact, the output end of the protection circuit module is connected with the input end of a front end acquisition input module, the output end of the front end acquisition input module is connected with the input end of a CPU module, the output end of the CPU module is connected with the input end of an isolation output module, the CPU module is further connected with an early warning module, a communication module, a power input module and a reset module, the output end of the isolation output module is connected with the intermediate relay, the CPU module is further externally connected with a display screen, and the display content of the display screen comprises signal source information and circuit state information.
The protection circuit module comprises a current limiting unit and an anti-static unit, wherein the current limiting unit adopts a series resistor to limit current, and the anti-static unit adopts an instantaneous voltage surge suppressor to suppress static.
The front-end acquisition input module comprises an impedance matching unit, wherein the impedance matching unit is used for transmitting all received signals to the CPU module, no signal is reflected back to a source point, the impedance matching method is to calculate impedance matching parameters by using an intelligent algorithm, and when the internal impedance of a signal source is equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes and the argument of the two are respectively equal, the impedance of the CPU module is transmitted without distortion; when the conjugate value of the internal impedance of the signal source is equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes of the internal impedance and the external impedance are equal and the sum of the argument is zero, the maximum power is obtained on the impedance of the CPU module; when the internal impedance of the signal source is not equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes of the signal source and the CPU module are not equal, the impedance matching unit transmits all signals to the CPU module without reflection and distortion by changing the impedance of the input end of the CPU module or adjusting the wavelength of the transmission line.
The CPU module comprises a characteristic recognition unit, a learning model unit and an output judging unit,
the feature recognition unit processes and analyzes all original signals transmitted by the front-end acquisition input module, extracts the duration of the high level, the duration of the low level and the change frequency of the level of the signals to form signal features, and transmits the features to the learning model unit;
the learning model unit identifies real-time waveforms according to the signal characteristic information obtained by identification and extraction in the characteristic identification unit, establishes a characteristic learning model by using one or more classification algorithms in a support vector machine, a decision tree and a logistic regression by using a machine learning method, compares signal characteristics with waveforms in a normal working state, obtains the signal state of the current waveform characteristics by using the characteristic learning model, and represents that the signal source is a good signal source when the signal characteristics are consistent with the waveforms in the normal working state, and represents that the signal source is an bad signal source when a certain signal characteristic is abnormal;
the output judging unit judges the output state of the received signal according to the signal source state information provided by the learning model unit, when the signal source is a good signal source, the output end of the isolation output module, namely the switch circuit, is controlled to be opened, the switch circuit drives the coil of the intermediate relay to operate, so that the good signal source is completely output to the PLC digital quantity input module by opening the intermediate relay, when the signal source is a bad signal source, the switch circuit and the intermediate relay are controlled to be closed, the output of the bad signal is intercepted, and the bad signal information is transmitted to the early warning module and the communication module.
The input end of the isolation output module comprises a current limiting unit and a pulse absorbing unit, the output end of the isolation output module is a switching circuit, the current limiting unit is a series resistor, the pulse absorbing unit adopts one of a capacitor, a TVS diode or a clamping diode, the isolation absorption of a pulse signal generated by a coil of an intermediate relay comprises peak, surge, short circuit and overload, and the switching circuit adopts one of a MOS switching circuit, a voltage transformation switching circuit or an optocoupler switching circuit.
The early warning module acquires the bad signal source information processed by the CPU module and displays the warning information in an external display screen.
The communication module outputs corresponding digital quantity signals according to signals obtained after the CPU module processes, the corresponding digital quantity signals are in communication connection with the communication module of the external controller, and the external controller monitors internal signals and the running state of the circuit.
The reset module comprises a touch type external key and a low-pass filter circuit, and is connected with the CPU module, when the CPU module is debugged, installed and tested, the external key is pressed, so that the switch circuit is in a reset state, the intermediate relay is reset, and reset information is displayed in the display screen and transmitted to the communication module.
The power input module comprises a voltage stabilizing unit which converts unstable direct current voltage into stable direct current voltage, performs voltage stabilizing treatment on power supply voltage and outputs preset output voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the isolation device protects the CPU module input pin through the protection circuit module, the current limiting burn-proof and static breakdown-proof pin, the front end acquisition input module is arranged to match impedance, the signal source is guaranteed to be transmitted to the CPU module in a distortion-free and complete mode, the CPU module is arranged to identify the signal source characteristics and establish a learning model, whether the signal source is good or not can be accurately identified, unfamiliar or weak bad signals can be obtained without misjudging the good signals, the possibility that whether the bad signals are bad signals or not can not be identified is greatly reduced, so that the bad signals can pass through is reduced, an external operator can be timely informed through the early warning module, the communication module and the display screen when the system is normal or faults, the CPU module pin is prevented from being damaged through the coil of the intermediate relay, the switch circuit is closed to prevent the bad signals from passing through the intermediate relay, the switch signal transmitted from being input to the PLC digital quantity input module instead of the on-site device, the direct connection between the on-site device and the PLC digital quantity input module is avoided, the circuit inside the PLC digital quantity input module is not impacted by the external bad signals, the reliability of the control system is improved, the reliability of the PLC digital quantity input module is guaranteed, the good market recovery effect is guaranteed, and the reliability of the waste heat is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for protecting an internal circuit of a PLC digital input module based on an intermediate relay according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal circuit protection device of a PLC digital input module based on an intermediate relay according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the device for protecting the internal circuit of the PLC digital input module based on the intermediate relay according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a device for protecting internal circuits of a PLC digital input module based on an intermediate relay, and for enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments. The invention can be implemented by the following modes:
the device for protecting the internal circuit of the PLC digital quantity input module based on the intermediate relay comprises the intermediate relay, wherein the input end of the intermediate relay is connected with external field equipment, the output end of the intermediate relay is connected with an external PLC digital quantity input module, the intermediate relay is connected with the input end of a protection circuit module through a contact, the output end of the protection circuit module is connected with the input end of a front end acquisition input module, the output end of the front end acquisition input module is connected with the input end of a CPU module, the output end of the CPU module is connected with the input end of an isolation output module, the CPU module is further connected with an early warning module, a communication module, a power input module and a reset module, the output end of the isolation output module is connected with the intermediate relay, the CPU module is further externally connected with a display screen, and the display content of the display screen comprises signal source information and circuit state information.
The protection circuit module comprises a current limiting unit and an anti-static unit, wherein the current limiting unit adopts a series resistor to limit current and prevent burning, and the anti-static unit adopts an instantaneous voltage surge suppressor to inhibit static electricity so as to avoid static electricity from breaking down pins of the CPU module.
The front-end acquisition input module comprises an impedance matching unit, wherein the impedance matching unit is used for transmitting all received signals to the CPU module, no signal is reflected back to a source point, the impedance matching method is to calculate impedance matching parameters by using an intelligent algorithm, and when the internal impedance of a signal source is equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes and the argument of the two are respectively equal, the impedance of the CPU module is transmitted without distortion; when the conjugate value of the internal impedance of the signal source is equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes of the internal impedance and the external impedance are equal and the sum of the argument is zero, the maximum power is obtained on the impedance of the CPU module; when the internal impedance of the signal source is not equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes of the signal source and the CPU module are not equal, the impedance matching unit transmits all signals to the CPU module without reflection and distortion by changing the impedance of the input end of the CPU module or adjusting the wavelength of the transmission line.
The CPU module comprises a characteristic recognition unit, a learning model unit and an output judging unit,
the feature recognition unit processes and analyzes all original signals transmitted by the front-end acquisition input module, extracts the duration of the high level, the duration of the low level and the change frequency of the level of the signals to form signal features, and transmits the features to the learning model unit;
the learning model unit identifies real-time waveforms according to the signal characteristic information obtained by identification and extraction in the characteristic identification unit, establishes a characteristic learning model by using one or more classification algorithms in a support vector machine, a decision tree and a logistic regression by using a machine learning method, compares signal characteristics with waveforms in a normal working state, obtains the signal state of the current waveform characteristics by using the characteristic learning model, and represents that the signal source is a good signal source when the signal characteristics are consistent with the waveforms in the normal working state, and represents that the signal source is an bad signal source when a certain signal characteristic is abnormal;
the output judging unit judges the output state of the received signal according to the signal source state information provided by the learning model unit, when the signal source is a good signal source, the output end of the isolation output module, namely the switch circuit, is controlled to be opened, the switch circuit drives the coil of the intermediate relay to operate, and therefore the intermediate relay is opened to enable the good signal source to be completely output to the PLC digital quantity input module; when the signal source is a poor signal source, the switching circuit and the intermediate relay are controlled to be closed, the output of the poor signal is intercepted, and the information of the poor signal is transmitted to the early warning module and the communication module.
The input end of the isolation output module comprises a current limiting unit and a pulse absorbing unit, the output end of the isolation output module is a switching circuit, the current limiting unit is a series resistor, the pulse absorbing unit adopts one of a capacitor, a TVS diode or a clamping diode, can isolate and absorb pulse signals generated by a coil of an intermediate relay, comprises a peak, a surge, a short circuit, overload and the like, and prevents the CPU module pins from being burnt out, and the switching circuit adopts one of an MOS switching circuit, a voltage transformation switching circuit or an optocoupler switching circuit, so that the driving capability of the CPU module pins can be improved, the output capability of the CPU module can be protected during driving, and the intermediate relay is prevented from damaging the CPU module.
The early warning module acquires the bad signal source information processed by the CPU module and displays the warning information in an external display screen, so that operators can be informed in time.
The communication module outputs corresponding digital quantity signals according to signals obtained after the CPU module processes, the corresponding digital quantity signals are in communication connection with the communication module of the external controller, and the external controller monitors internal signals and circuit operation states to realize remote monitoring.
The reset module comprises a touch type external key and a low-pass filter circuit, and is connected with the CPU module, when the CPU module is debugged, installed and tested, the external key is pressed, so that the switch circuit is in a reset state, the intermediate relay is reset, and reset information is displayed in the display screen and transmitted to the communication module.
The power input module comprises a voltage stabilizing unit which converts unstable direct current voltage into stable direct current voltage, performs voltage stabilizing treatment on power supply voltage, and outputs preset output voltage for adapting circuit voltage and ensuring stable operation of internal circuits of the system.
Example 1
The device based on the internal circuit protection of the PLC digital quantity input module of the intermediate relay comprises the intermediate relay, the input end of the intermediate relay is connected with external field equipment, the output end of the intermediate relay is connected with an external PLC digital quantity input module, the intermediate relay is connected with the input end of a protection circuit module through a contact, the protection circuit module comprises a current limiting unit and an antistatic unit, the output end of the protection circuit module is connected with the input end of a front end acquisition input module, the front end acquisition input module comprises an impedance matching unit, the output end of the front end acquisition input module is connected with the input end of a CPU module, the CPU module comprises a characteristic identification unit, a learning model unit and an output judging unit, the output end of the CPU module is connected with an isolation output module input end, the input end of the isolation output module comprises a current limiting unit and a pulse absorbing unit, the output end of the isolation output module is a switch circuit, the CPU module is further connected with a communication module, a power input module and a reset module, the power input module comprises a voltage stabilizing unit, the reset module comprises a light touch type external key and a low-pass filter circuit, the output end of the isolation output module is connected with the intermediate CPU, and the CPU module comprises a characteristic identification unit, a learning model unit and an external display screen.
The signal is transmitted into the device through external field equipment, the original signal enters the protection circuit module through the input end of the protection circuit module, static electricity is eliminated through the transient voltage surge suppressor, the processed signal flows into the input end of the front end acquisition input module through the output end of the protection circuit module, the impedance matching parameters of the internal impedance of the signal source and the impedance of the CPU module are obtained through the impedance matching unit, the modes and the argument of the two are equal, the signal is transmitted to the input end of the CPU module without distortion, the characteristic recognition unit is utilized to extract the characteristic of the signal, which is obtained through the processing of the duration of the high level, the duration of the low level and the change frequency of the level, the characteristic information is transmitted to the learning model unit, the characteristic learning model is established through the machine learning method by using the decision tree classification algorithm, the method comprises the steps of comparing real-time signal characteristics with waveforms in a normal working state, obtaining a signal state of the current waveform characteristics by utilizing a characteristic learning model, enabling the signal characteristics to be consistent with the waveforms in the normal working state, indicating that signals are in the normal state, and are good signal sources, enabling signal source information to be transmitted to the outside through a communication module and an external display screen, controlling to open a switching circuit by an output judging unit, enabling the signals to be output from an output end of a CPU module to enter an input end of an isolation output module, limiting current through a series resistor, absorbing peak interference generated by a coil of an intermediate relay by adopting capacitor isolation, enabling an MOS switching circuit at the output end to flow through the current, driving the coil of the intermediate relay to operate, and enabling the good signal sources to be transmitted to the intermediate relay, and further enabling the good signal sources to be completely output to a PLC digital quantity input module through the intermediate relay, so that waste heat recovery equipment can operate effectively.
Example 2
The device based on the internal circuit protection of the PLC digital quantity input module of the intermediate relay comprises the intermediate relay, the input end of the intermediate relay is connected with external field equipment, the output end of the intermediate relay is connected with an external PLC digital quantity input module, the intermediate relay is connected with the input end of a protection circuit module through a contact, the protection circuit module comprises a current limiting unit and an antistatic unit, the output end of the protection circuit module is connected with the input end of a front end acquisition input module, the front end acquisition input module comprises an impedance matching unit, the output end of the front end acquisition input module is connected with the input end of a CPU module, the CPU module comprises a characteristic identification unit, a learning model unit and an output judging unit, the output end of the CPU module is connected with an isolation output module input end, the input end of the isolation output module comprises a current limiting unit and a pulse absorbing unit, the output end of the isolation output module is a switch circuit, the CPU module is further connected with a communication module, a power input module and a reset module, the power input module comprises a voltage stabilizing unit, the reset module comprises a light touch type external key and a low-pass filter circuit, the output end of the isolation output module is connected with the intermediate CPU, and the CPU module comprises a characteristic identification unit, a learning model unit and an external display screen.
The signal is transmitted into the device through external field equipment, the original signal enters the protection circuit module through the input end of the protection circuit module, static electricity is eliminated through the transient voltage surge suppressor, the processed signal flows into the input end of the front end acquisition input module through the output end of the protection circuit module, the impedance matching parameters of the internal impedance of the signal source and the impedance of the CPU module are obtained through the impedance matching unit, the mode inequality of the two is obtained, the impedance matching unit changes the impedance of the input end of the CPU module to make the mode matching of the two equal, the signal is transmitted to the input end of the CPU module without distortion, the characteristic recognition unit is utilized to extract the characteristic of the signal source by the high-level duration time, the low-level duration time and the level change frequency of the signal, the characteristic information is transmitted to the learning model unit, and the machine learning method is utilized, a support vector machine and a logistic regression classification algorithm are used for establishing a characteristic learning model, real-time signal characteristics are compared with waveforms in a normal working state, the characteristic learning model is used for obtaining the signal state of the current waveform characteristics, the signal state of the signal characteristics, which is inconsistent with the waveforms in the normal working state, is obtained through analysis, the duration of a high level is overlong, the duration of a low level is too short, the signal source is judged to be a bad signal source, the risk of a burn point fault exists, so that the information of the signal source is transmitted to the outside through a communication module and an external display screen, an output judging unit controls to close a switch circuit, further controls to close an intermediate relay, the output of the bad signal is blocked, the output of the bad signal is early-warned outwards through an early warning module and the communication module, the signal is intercepted to enter a PLC digital quantity input module, and the burn point fault of the PLC digital quantity input module is avoided, the internal circuit of the PLC digital quantity input module is protected.
The foregoing examples are illustrative only and serve to explain some features of the method of the invention. The appended claims are intended to claim the broadest possible scope and the embodiments presented herein are merely illustrative of selected implementations based on combinations of all possible embodiments. It is, therefore, not the intention of the applicant that the appended claims be limited by the choice of examples illustrating the features of the invention. Some numerical ranges used in the claims also include sub-ranges within which variations in these ranges should also be construed as being covered by the appended claims where possible.
Claims (9)
1. Device of internal circuit protection of PLC digital quantity input module based on intermediate relay, its characterized in that: the intelligent power supply device comprises an intermediate relay, wherein the input end of the intermediate relay is connected with an external sensor, the output end of the intermediate relay is connected with an external PLC digital quantity input module, the intermediate relay is connected with the input end of a protection circuit module through a contact, the output end of the protection circuit module is connected with the input end of a front end acquisition input module, the output end of the front end acquisition input module is connected with the input end of a CPU module, the output end of the CPU module is connected with an isolation output module, the CPU module is further connected with an early warning module, a communication module, a power input module and a reset module, the output end of the isolation output module is connected with the intermediate relay, the CPU module is further externally connected with a display screen, and the display content of the display screen comprises signal source information and circuit state information.
2. The device for protecting the internal circuit of the intermediate relay-based PLC digital quantity input module according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the protection circuit module comprises a current limiting unit and an anti-static unit, wherein the current limiting unit adopts a series resistor to limit current, and the anti-static unit adopts an instantaneous voltage surge suppressor to suppress static.
3. The device for protecting the internal circuit of the intermediate relay-based PLC digital quantity input module according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the front end acquisition input module comprises an impedance matching unit which transmits all received signals to the CPU module, no signal is reflected back to a source point, the impedance matching method is to calculate impedance matching parameters by using an intelligent algorithm,
when the internal impedance of the signal source is equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes and the argument of the two are respectively equal, the impedance of the CPU module obtains undistorted signal transmission;
when the conjugate value of the internal impedance of the signal source is equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes of the internal impedance and the external impedance are equal and the sum of the argument is zero, the maximum power is obtained on the impedance of the CPU module;
when the internal impedance of the signal source is not equal to the impedance of the CPU module, namely the modes of the signal source and the CPU module are not equal, the impedance matching unit transmits all signals to the CPU module without reflection and distortion by changing the impedance of the input end of the CPU module or adjusting the wavelength of the transmission line.
4. The device for protecting the internal circuit of the intermediate relay-based PLC digital quantity input module according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the CPU module comprises a characteristic recognition unit, a learning model unit and an output judging unit,
the feature recognition unit processes and analyzes all original signals transmitted by the front-end acquisition input module, extracts the duration of the high level, the duration of the low level and the change frequency of the level of the signals to form signal features, and transmits the features to the learning model unit;
the learning model unit identifies real-time waveforms according to the signal characteristic information identified and extracted in the characteristic identification unit, establishes a characteristic learning model by using one or more classification algorithms in a support vector machine, a decision tree and logistic regression by using a machine learning method, compares the signal characteristics with waveforms in a normal working state, obtains the signal state to which the current waveform characteristics belong by using the characteristic learning model,
when the signal characteristics are consistent with the waveform under the normal working state, the representative signal source is a good signal source,
when a signal characteristic is abnormal, the representative signal source is a poor signal source;
the output judging unit judges the output state of the received signal according to the signal source state information provided in the learning model unit,
when the signal source is a good signal source, the output end of the isolation output module, namely the switch circuit is controlled to be opened, the switch circuit drives the coil of the intermediate relay to operate, so that the intermediate relay is opened to enable the good signal source to be completely output to the PLC digital quantity input module,
when the signal source is a poor signal source, the switching circuit and the intermediate relay are controlled to be closed, the output of the poor signal is intercepted, and the information of the poor signal is transmitted to the early warning module and the communication module.
5. The device for protecting the internal circuit of the intermediate relay-based PLC digital quantity input module according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the input end of the isolation output module comprises a current limiting unit and a pulse absorbing unit, the output end of the isolation output module is a switching circuit, the current limiting unit is a series resistor, the pulse absorbing unit adopts one of a capacitor, a TVS diode or a clamping diode, the isolation absorption of a pulse signal generated by a coil of an intermediate relay comprises peak, surge, short circuit and overload, and the switching circuit adopts one of a MOS switching circuit, a voltage transformation switching circuit or an optocoupler switching circuit.
6. The device for protecting the internal circuit of the intermediate relay-based PLC digital quantity input module according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the early warning module acquires the bad signal source information processed by the CPU module and displays the warning information in an external display screen.
7. The device for protecting the internal circuit of the intermediate relay-based PLC digital quantity input module according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the communication module outputs corresponding digital quantity signals according to signals obtained after the CPU module processes, the corresponding digital quantity signals are in communication connection with the communication module of the external controller, and the external controller monitors internal signals and the running state of the circuit.
8. The device for protecting the internal circuit of the intermediate relay-based PLC digital quantity input module according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the reset module comprises a touch type external key and a low-pass filter circuit, and is connected with the CPU module, when the CPU module is debugged, installed and tested, the external key is pressed, so that the switch circuit is in a reset state, the intermediate relay is reset, and reset information is displayed in the display screen and transmitted to the communication module.
9. The device for protecting the internal circuit of the intermediate relay-based PLC digital quantity input module according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the power input module comprises a voltage stabilizing unit which converts unstable direct current voltage into stable direct current voltage, performs voltage stabilizing treatment on power supply voltage and outputs preset output voltage.
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