CN116298912A - Method, system, equipment and medium for establishing battery micro-short circuit model - Google Patents
Method, system, equipment and medium for establishing battery micro-short circuit model Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system, equipment and a medium for establishing a battery micro-short circuit model, wherein the method for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model comprises the following steps: acquiring a preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery; the preset working circuit model is used for simulating an equivalent circuit corresponding to the battery in a normal state based on the internal polarization reaction of the battery; establishing the micro-short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on the preset working circuit model; the micro short circuit model is used for outputting micro short circuit data corresponding to the battery in a micro short circuit state. The invention realizes the simulation of the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery, realizes the detection of the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery, is convenient for technicians to observe the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery, and timely corrects and predicts the battery when the battery has problems, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the battery operation.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, an apparatus, and a medium for establishing a micro short circuit model of a battery.
Background
The battery module is generally formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel, when the membrane of the battery cell is punctured or damaged, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell are directly contacted, and a micro short circuit phenomenon occurs, which is called micro short circuit. When the micro short circuit occurs, the battery is not burnt out directly, the battery performance is reduced in a short time (in a few weeks or a few months), the battery can continuously consume electric energy all the time, the normal operation of the whole battery module is affected, and finally, a certain battery or the whole battery module cannot be used at all.
The safety problem of most batteries in the use process is related to micro-short circuit, and the prediction and identification of micro-short circuit are still one difficulty in the battery safety problem at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the micro short circuit phenomenon cannot be effectively detected and the detection precision of the micro short circuit phenomenon is low in the prior art, and provides a method, a system, equipment and a medium for establishing a battery micro short circuit model.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a method for establishing a battery micro-short circuit model is provided, the method comprising:
Acquiring a preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery;
the preset working circuit model is used for simulating an equivalent circuit corresponding to the battery in a normal state based on the internal polarization reaction of the battery;
establishing the micro-short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on the preset working circuit model;
the micro short circuit model is used for outputting micro short circuit data corresponding to the battery in a micro short circuit state.
Preferably, the step of establishing the micro-short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on the preset working circuit model includes:
presetting a target electrical parameter;
establishing a passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery based on the target electrical parameter;
the output characteristic of the passive additional circuit is consistent with the output characteristic of the battery in micro short circuit, and the target electric parameter corresponds to the electric characteristic parameter of an electronic device in the passive additional circuit;
and electrically connecting the passive additional circuit with the output end of the preset working circuit model to establish and obtain the micro-short circuit model.
Preferably, the passive additional circuit comprises a target resistor and a target inductor which are connected with the output end of the preset working circuit model in parallel;
The target electrical parameter comprises a target time constant, and a resistance value of the target resistor and an inductance value of the target inductor corresponding to the same target time constant.
Preferably, the step of presetting the target electrical parameter includes:
a plurality of electrical parameter ranges are preset, and the target electrical parameter is determined based on the electrical parameter ranges.
Preferably, the establishing method further comprises:
acquiring the micro-short circuit data output by the micro-short circuit model;
acquiring actual output data corresponding to the preset working circuit model;
verifying whether the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model based on the actual output data and the micro-short circuit data;
if not, updating the target electrical parameter until the new target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model, so as to update and obtain the passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery, and obtain the new micro-short circuit model.
Preferably, the micro-short circuit data comprises a micro-short circuit analog voltage, and the actual output data comprises an actual output voltage;
verifying whether the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model based on the actual output data and the micro-short circuit data; if not, the step of updating the target electrical parameter comprises:
Judging whether the difference value between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit analog voltage at the same moment belongs to a first preset voltage range or not;
if not, updating the target electrical parameter;
and/or judging whether the micro-short circuit analog voltage belongs to a second preset voltage range;
if not, updating the target electrical parameter;
and/or, the establishing method further comprises:
if the difference value between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit simulation voltage at the same moment is judged to be in the first preset voltage range, determining that the target electric parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model;
and/or, the establishing method further comprises:
and if the micro-short circuit simulation voltage is judged to be in the second preset voltage range, determining that the target electric parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery includes:
acquiring battery characteristic parameters of the battery based on a preset test mode;
and establishing the preset working circuit model based on the battery characteristic parameters.
Preferably, the battery characteristic parameters include: resistance of ohmic internal resistance, resistance of electrochemical polarized internal resistance, resistance of concentration polarized internal resistance, capacitance of electrochemical polarized capacitance, capacitance of concentration polarized capacitance, electrochemical polarized time constant and concentration polarized time constant;
And/or, the preset test mode comprises an HPPC (Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization, hybrid power pulse characteristic) test.
Preferably, the predetermined working circuit model includes a standard second order RC (resistance capacitance) circuit.
Preferably, the establishment method is applied to the frequency modulation charge-discharge process of the battery;
and/or the battery comprises a lithium battery.
In a second aspect, there is also provided a system for building a micro-short circuit model of a battery, the system comprising:
the preset model acquisition module is used for acquiring a preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery;
the preset working circuit model is used for simulating an equivalent circuit corresponding to the battery in a normal state based on the internal polarization reaction of the battery;
the micro short circuit model building module is used for building the micro short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on the preset working circuit model;
the micro short circuit model is used for outputting micro short circuit data corresponding to the battery in a micro short circuit state.
Preferably, the micro-short circuit model building module comprises:
the target electric parameter acquisition unit is used for presetting target electric parameters;
an additional circuit establishing unit for establishing a passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery based on the target electrical parameter;
The output characteristic of the passive additional circuit is consistent with the output characteristic of the battery in micro short circuit, and the target electric parameter corresponds to the electric characteristic parameter of an electronic device in the passive additional circuit;
and the micro short circuit model building unit is used for electrically connecting the passive additional circuit with the output end of the preset working circuit model so as to build and obtain the micro short circuit model.
Preferably, the passive additional circuit comprises a target resistor and a target inductor which are connected with the output end of the preset working circuit model in parallel;
the target electrical parameter comprises a target time constant, and a resistance value of the target resistor and an inductance value of the target inductor corresponding to the same target time constant.
Preferably, the target electrical parameter obtaining unit is specifically configured to: a plurality of electrical parameter ranges are preset, and the target electrical parameter is determined based on the electrical parameter ranges.
Preferably, the establishing system further comprises:
the micro short circuit data acquisition module is used for acquiring the micro short circuit data output by the micro short circuit model;
the actual output data acquisition module is used for acquiring actual output data corresponding to the preset working circuit model;
The parameter verification module is used for verifying whether the target electric parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model or not based on the actual output data and the micro-short circuit data;
and the parameter updating module is used for updating the target electrical parameter until the new target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model if the target electrical parameter does not meet the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model, so as to update and obtain the passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery and obtain the new micro-short circuit model.
Preferably, the micro-short circuit data comprises a micro-short circuit analog voltage, and the actual output data comprises an actual output voltage;
the parameter verification module is specifically configured to determine whether a difference value between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit analog voltage at the same time belongs to a first preset voltage range;
and/or the parameter verification module is specifically configured to determine whether the micro-short circuit analog voltage belongs to a second preset voltage range;
and/or, the parameter verification module is further configured to determine that the target electrical parameter meets an output requirement of the micro-short circuit model if it is determined that a difference between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit analog voltage at the same time belongs to the first preset voltage range;
And/or, the parameter verification module is further configured to determine that the target electrical parameter meets an output requirement of the micro-short circuit model if the micro-short circuit analog voltage is determined to be within the second preset voltage range.
Preferably, the preset model obtaining module includes:
the characteristic parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring battery characteristic parameters of the battery based on a preset test mode;
and the preset model building unit is used for building the preset working circuit model based on the battery characteristic parameters.
Preferably, the battery characteristic parameters include: resistance of ohmic internal resistance, resistance of electrochemical polarized internal resistance, resistance of concentration polarized internal resistance, capacitance of electrochemical polarized capacitance, capacitance of concentration polarized capacitance, electrochemical polarized time constant and concentration polarized time constant;
and/or, the preset test mode comprises an HPPC experiment.
Preferably, the preset working circuit model comprises a standard second-order RC circuit.
Preferably, the system is applied to the frequency modulation charge and discharge process of the battery;
and/or the battery comprises a lithium battery.
In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to run on the processor, where the processor implements the method for creating the battery micro-short circuit model described above when the processor executes the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for creating a micro-short circuit model of a battery described above.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The invention has the positive progress effects that:
according to the method, the system, the equipment and the medium for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model, the corresponding micro-short circuit model of the battery is established based on the corresponding preset working circuit model of the battery, the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery is simulated through the micro-short circuit data output by the micro-short circuit model, the detection of the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery is realized, the observation of the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery by technicians is facilitated, and when the battery has a problem, correction and prediction work is timely carried out, so that the safety and reliability of the battery operation are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first flow chart of a method for establishing a micro-short circuit model of a battery according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second flow chart of the method for establishing a micro-short circuit model of a battery according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a third flow chart of the method for establishing a micro-short circuit model of a battery according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a fourth flowchart of the method for establishing a battery micro-short circuit model according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a fifth flowchart of the method for establishing a micro-short circuit model of a battery according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a sixth flowchart of a method for establishing a micro-short circuit model of a battery according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a seventh flowchart of a method for establishing a micro-short circuit model of a battery according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a standard second-order RC circuit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the actual output voltage of the preset operating circuit model provided in example 1 of the present invention and the actual voltage of the battery;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a micro short circuit model according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a first graph showing the actual output voltage of the preset operating circuit model and the micro-short circuit analog voltage of the micro-short circuit model according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a second graph showing the actual output voltage of the preset operating circuit model and the micro-short circuit analog voltage of the micro-short circuit model according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for establishing a micro-short circuit model of a battery according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for establishing a battery micro-short circuit model, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring a preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery.
The preset working circuit model is used for simulating an equivalent circuit corresponding to the battery in a normal state based on the internal polarization reaction of the battery.
S102, establishing a micro-short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on a preset working circuit model.
The micro short circuit model is used for outputting corresponding micro short circuit data when the battery is in a micro short circuit state.
In order to describe the complex phenomenon of the battery reaction, the battery reaction phenomenon can be expressed by taylor separation, ohmic polarization, electrochemical reaction, concentration polarization and other methods, using a model, namely a preset working circuit model, which can simulate an equivalent circuit corresponding to the battery in a normal state based on the battery internal polarization reaction, and can also be called a normal working model.
The micro-short circuit model is obtained on the basis of a preset working circuit model, and can simulate the micro-short circuit state of the battery and output corresponding micro-short circuit data when the battery is in the micro-short circuit state.
According to the method for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model, the corresponding micro-short circuit model of the battery is established based on the corresponding preset working circuit model of the battery, the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery is simulated through micro-short circuit data output by the micro-short circuit model, the detection of the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery is realized, a technician can observe the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery conveniently, correction and prediction work can be performed in time when the battery has a problem, and the safety and reliability of battery operation are guaranteed.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the step S102 includes:
s1021, presetting a target electrical parameter.
And S1022, establishing a passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery based on the target electrical parameter.
The output characteristic of the passive additional circuit is consistent with the output characteristic of the battery in micro short circuit, and the target electric parameter corresponds to the electric characteristic parameter of the electronic device in the passive additional circuit.
S1023, electrically connecting the passive additional circuit with the output end of the preset working circuit model to establish and obtain the micro-short circuit model.
Specifically, the passive additional circuit comprises a target resistor and a target inductor which are connected with the output end of the preset working circuit model in parallel; the target electrical parameter comprises a target time constant, and a resistance value of a target resistor and an inductance value of a target inductor corresponding to the same target time constant.
And establishing a passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery based on the target electric parameter, wherein the output characteristic of the passive additional circuit is in accordance with the output characteristic of the battery in a micro-short circuit, namely the characteristic of suddenly increasing and then gradually recovering, so that the passive additional circuit is electrically connected with the output end of a preset working circuit model, and the micro-short circuit model is established to obtain the micro-short circuit model, thereby enabling the micro-short circuit model to output micro-short circuit data corresponding to the battery in a micro-short circuit state.
The method for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model in the embodiment is based on the preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery, establishes and obtains the micro-short circuit model based on the passive additional circuit, simulates the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery through micro-short circuit data output by the micro-short circuit model, detects the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery, facilitates technical staff to observe the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery, timely corrects and predicts when the battery has a problem, and ensures the safety and reliability of battery operation.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, S1021 includes:
s10211, presetting a plurality of electric parameter ranges, and determining a target electric parameter based on the electric parameter ranges.
The battery in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, a lithium battery.
In a specific example, the battery type is a lithium battery, and the electrical parameter ranges are: resistance value is 5 x 10 < -3 > to 1.5 x 10 < -3 > ohm, inductance value is 150 to 500 Henter, and time constant is 0.225 to 2.5; the resistance value of the target resistor, the inductance value of the target inductor and the target time constant can be selected in the electrical parameter range by using a random selection mode.
The method can also be selected according to requirements, such as slight micro short circuit and severe micro short circuit, the electric parameter ranges of the same type of battery can be consistent, the electric parameter ranges of different types of battery can be inconsistent, and in particular, a plurality of preset electric parameter ranges can be obtained based on a test method selected by a cyclic test.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the establishing method further includes:
s103, acquiring micro-short circuit data output by the micro-short circuit model.
S104, acquiring actual output data corresponding to a preset working circuit model.
S105, based on the actual output data and the micro-short circuit data, verifying whether the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model.
If not, step S106 is performed.
S106, updating the target electrical parameters, and returning to the step S1022.
And updating to obtain a passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery until the new target electric parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model, so as to obtain the new micro-short circuit model.
When the target electric parameter does not meet the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model, the target electric parameter can be finely adjusted, and the update of the target electric parameter is realized.
And a method of circularly traversing the array can be adopted to find out the target electrical parameters meeting the output requirements of the micro short circuit model. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one: generating a series according to a resistance and inductance range, wherein the resistance range is 5 x 10 < -3 > to 1.5 x 10 < -3 > ohms, and the step size can be set to be 0.1 x 10 < -3 > ohms; the inductance ranges from 150 to 500 hunter and the step size can be set to be selected from 1-10 hunter.
Step two: and (3) circularly traversing the series, and searching data which are required or meet special requirements, wherein the special requirements are that a longer time micro-short circuit time constant is required or a more obvious micro-short circuit phenomenon is required.
Step three: and storing the obtained resistance value and inductance value, and calculating a time constant according to a related formula, wherein the time constant is equal to the product of the resistance value and the inductance value, so that a new target electrical parameter is obtained, and the time constant is 0.225 to 2.5.
And updating according to the new target electric parameter to obtain a passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery, and further obtaining a new micro-short circuit model, so that the target electric parameter is ensured to meet the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model.
According to the method for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model, based on the micro-short circuit data output by the micro-short circuit model and the actual output data corresponding to the preset working circuit model, whether the target electric parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model is verified, and when the target electric parameter does not meet the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model, the target electric parameter is updated, so that the passive additional circuit is updated, and the micro-short circuit model is updated.
In an alternative embodiment, the micro-short data comprises a micro-short analog voltage and the actual output data comprises an actual output voltage; as shown in fig. 5, the step S105 includes:
s1051, judging whether the difference value between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit analog voltage at the same time is within a first preset voltage range.
If yes, step S107 is executed, and if no, step S106 is executed.
S107, determining that the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model.
The output requirements of the micro-short circuit model include: the micro-short circuit data has a tracking effect on the real data trend.
If the difference value between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit analog voltage at the same time belongs to a first preset voltage range, the data phase difference between the micro-short circuit analog voltage and the actual output voltage is not large, the trend is consistent, and the micro-short circuit model is ensured to have a tracking effect on the actual data trend.
In an alternative embodiment, the micro-short data comprises a micro-short analog voltage and the actual output data comprises an actual output voltage; as shown in fig. 6, the step S105 includes:
s1052, judging whether the micro-short circuit analog voltage belongs to a second preset voltage range.
If yes, step S107 is executed, and if no, step S106 is executed.
The output requirements of the micro-short circuit model include: whether the micro short circuit data is within a safe voltage range.
The second preset voltage range in this embodiment is the safety voltage range. Each type of battery has a defined safety voltage range according to the manufacturing process and materials, and is specified by the manufacturer in particular.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the step S101 includes:
s1011, acquiring battery characteristic parameters of the battery based on a preset test mode.
S1012, establishing a preset working circuit model based on the battery characteristic parameters.
And presetting a test mode, namely a battery chemistry test mode, and acquiring battery characteristic parameters of the battery according to the test mode.
The preset test mode comprises but is not limited to HPPC experiments, is used for reflecting the pulse charge and discharge performance of the battery, and can finish the test of the DC internal resistance of the battery. In addition, the relation between the ohmic resistance and the polarization impedance of the battery cell and the state of charge (SOC), namely the residual electric quantity, can be obtained by testing the current-voltage curve of the data through the data processing HPPC.
In an alternative embodiment, the battery characteristic parameters include: the resistance value of ohmic internal resistance, the resistance value of electrochemical polarization internal resistance, the resistance value of concentration polarization internal resistance, the capacitance value of electrochemical polarization capacitance, the capacitance value of concentration polarization capacitance, the electrochemical polarization time constant and the concentration polarization time constant.
Model parameters were obtained based on HPPC experiments: ohmic internal resistance, electrochemical polarized internal resistance and electrochemical polarized capacitance, concentration polarized internal resistance and concentration polarized capacitance, electrochemical polarized time constant and concentration polarized time constant. And Matlab (one data analysis software) is adopted to process and obtain the discrete relation between each parameter and the SOC, and the result proves that the preset circuit model accords with the internal resistance characteristic of the battery, can normally reflect the internal polarization phenomenon of the battery, and verifies the parameter calculation accuracy of the preset circuit model.
In an alternative embodiment, the preset working circuit model includes a standard second-order RC circuit, and fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the standard second-order RC circuit provided in this embodiment. The preset working circuit model of the present embodiment includes, but is not limited to, a standard second-order RC circuit, and may also be a standard first-order RC circuit or a standard third-order RC circuit.
The precision of the first-order RC (1-RC) circuit is insufficient, and compared with other circuits, the third-order RC (3-RC) circuit has overlarge calculated amount, which is not beneficial to actual work. Therefore, the second-order RC (2-RC) circuit is a model with excellent precision and speed, and therefore, a standard second-order RC circuit is selected in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 8, U in Output voltage of standard second-order RC circuit, U oc R is the open circuit voltage of the battery 0 Is ohm internal resistance, R 1 For electrochemical polarization internal resistance, C 1 For electrochemically polarizing capacitance, R 2 For concentration polarization internal resistance, C 2 Is concentration polarization capacitance. The actual output data of the preset operating circuit model includes voltage data and/or current data. When the actual output data is the actual output voltage, the actual output voltage of the standard second-order RC circuit is calculated based on the following formula:
τ 1 ＝R 1 C 1 ，τ 2 ＝R 2 C 2 ；
t is the time from the charging or discharging time to the current time, for example from 0 seconds to 20 seconds, I is the current at the current time; τ 1 For electrochemical polarization time constant τ 2 Is the concentration polarization time constant.
And using actual output data output by the preset working circuit model, checking the preset working circuit model established based on the battery characteristic parameters, verifying whether the preset working circuit model has a tracking effect on the real data trend of the battery, and whether the generated data is within a reasonable working range.
The tracking effect means: the trend is consistent, i.e. the two data cannot differ too much, while being within a safe voltage range. Within a reasonable working range is: the working voltage range of the lithium iron phosphate battery is approximately 2.0V-3.65V, and the ternary lithium battery is approximately 2.5V-4.2V. Each type of battery has a rated operating range according to the manufacturing process and materials, and the specific situation is calibrated by manufacturers.
Fig. 9 is a graph of an actual output voltage of the preset operating circuit model and an actual voltage of a battery, where in fig. 9, a solid line represents the actual voltage of the battery, that is, a terminal voltage of the battery, a dotted line represents the actual output voltage of the preset operating circuit model, an abscissa represents time, and an ordinate represents voltage, and it is known that the actual output voltage of the preset operating circuit model is consistent in trend and has a small data phase difference compared with the actual voltage of the battery, and the preset operating circuit model can accurately represent a charging and discharging process of the actual battery within a reasonable operating range. At this time, the micro short circuit data is verified by taking the data output by the preset working circuit model as a verification reference.
And carrying out fine adjustment on battery characteristic parameters of the battery according to the current of actual charge and discharge. Specifically, when the external appearance of the charging current and the actual battery voltage has a certain delay effect, especially when the current fluctuation is large, the time constant needs to be adjusted at this time, so that the trend changes of the preset working circuit model and the actual data tend to be consistent. When the actual battery voltage rises in a slow step and the voltage of the preset working circuit model rises or falls rapidly, fine adjustment of the battery characteristic parameters is needed. When the voltage of the preset working circuit model exceeds a reasonable working voltage range and the actual battery voltage is still within a safety range, the battery characteristic parameters are required to be obtained again, or the battery structure is known again, and the preset working circuit model is adjusted according to the actual situation.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a micro-short circuit model according to the present embodiment, wherein the passive additional circuit includes a target resistor R connected in parallel with the output terminal of the standard second-order RC circuit as shown in FIG. 10 RL And a target inductance L. When the micro-short circuit data is the micro-short circuit analog voltage, the micro-short circuit analog voltage U output by the micro-short circuit model out Calculated based on the following formula:
τ RL ＝R RL L；
wherein U is in The output voltage of the standard second-order RC circuit is t, the time from the charging time or the discharging time to the current time is t, and the current at the current time is I; τ RL Is a target time constant.
The battery in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, a lithium battery.
FIG. 11 is a first graph of actual output voltage of a preset operating circuit model versus micro-short analog voltage of a micro-short circuit model, provided in an embodiment; in fig. 11, the solid line represents the actual output voltage of the preset working circuit model, the dotted line represents the micro-short circuit analog voltage of the micro-short circuit model, the abscissa represents time, and the ordinate represents voltage, in the external feature, the micro-short circuit analog voltage curve has a transient and rapid rising condition (corresponding to the rapid rising and gradual falling of the voltage in the figure), when the voltage is set to be serious (under the safety voltage), the voltage also has a falling condition, and the voltage is consistent with the actual output voltage trend of the preset working circuit model, the data phase difference is not large, the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery can be accurately simulated in the safety voltage range, and the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery is conveniently observed by technicians.
FIG. 12 is a second graph of actual output voltage of a preset operating circuit model versus micro-short analog voltage of a micro-short circuit model, provided in an embodiment; in fig. 12, the solid line represents the actual output voltage of the preset working circuit model, the dotted line represents the micro-short circuit analog voltage of the micro-short circuit model, the abscissa represents time, and the ordinate represents voltage, in the external feature, the micro-short circuit analog voltage curve has a transient and rapid rising condition (corresponding to the rapid rising and gradual falling of the voltage in the figure), when the micro-short circuit analog voltage curve is set to be serious (under the safety voltage), the micro-short circuit analog voltage curve also has a falling condition, and is consistent with the actual output voltage trend of the preset working circuit model, the data phase difference is not large, the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery can be accurately simulated in the safety voltage range, and the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery can be conveniently observed by technicians.
In an alternative embodiment, the method of establishment is applied to the frequency modulation charge-discharge process of the battery.
The external appearance of micro short circuit is that in the constant current charging and discharging process, under the condition that the current is unchanged, the voltage suddenly rises and then slowly falls, and if the frequency modulation charging and discharging (the current has great fluctuation), the micro short circuit phenomenon can not be accurately detected.
In actual work, the power station using constant current charge and discharge is more stable in working condition, and is more obvious in appearance when the micro-short circuit phenomenon occurs. However, in the frequency modulation power station, because the working condition is seriously changed and fluctuates, and the charging and discharging can be mixed together in the frequency modulation charging and discharging process, under the condition that the short-term charging and discharging is carried out firstly, the situation that the external appearance of micro short circuit is consistent can be widely occurred in a short time, the micro short circuit problem is covered in the current change process, the micro short circuit problem cannot be effectively detected, the measurement error occurs, the required detection precision cannot be achieved, and the micro short circuit phenomenon cannot be effectively distinguished due to the precision problem.
Therefore, the method for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model is applied to the frequency modulation charge-discharge process of the battery, and the corresponding micro-short circuit data when the battery is in a micro-short circuit state is output based on the micro-short circuit model, so that the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery can be rapidly and effectively detected.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a system for establishing a micro-short circuit model of a battery, as shown in fig. 13, the system comprises: the preset model acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring a preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery; the method comprises the steps that a preset working circuit model is used for simulating an equivalent circuit corresponding to a battery in a normal state based on internal polarization reaction of the battery; the micro short circuit model building module 2 is used for building a micro short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on a preset working circuit model; the micro short circuit model is used for outputting corresponding micro short circuit data when the battery is in a micro short circuit state.
In an alternative embodiment, the micro short circuit model building module 2 includes: a target electrical parameter acquisition unit 21 for presetting a target electrical parameter; an additional circuit establishing unit 22 for establishing a passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery based on the target electrical parameter; the output characteristic of the passive additional circuit is consistent with the output characteristic of the battery in micro short circuit, and the target electric parameter corresponds to the electric characteristic parameter of the electronic device in the passive additional circuit; and the micro-short circuit model building unit 23 is used for electrically connecting the passive additional circuit with the output end of the preset working circuit model so as to build and obtain the micro-short circuit model.
In an alternative embodiment, the passive additional circuit comprises a target resistance and a target inductance connected in parallel with the output of the preset operating circuit model; the target electrical parameter comprises a target time constant, and a resistance value of a target resistor and an inductance value of a target inductor corresponding to the same target time constant.
In an alternative embodiment, the target electrical parameter obtaining unit 21 is specifically configured to: a plurality of electrical parameter ranges are preset, and a target electrical parameter is determined based on the electrical parameter ranges.
In an alternative embodiment, the setup system further comprises: the micro short circuit data acquisition module 3 is used for acquiring micro short circuit data output by the micro short circuit model; the actual output data acquisition module 4 is used for acquiring actual output data corresponding to a preset working circuit model; the parameter verification module 5 is used for verifying whether the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model based on the actual output data and the micro-short circuit data; and the parameter updating module 6 is used for updating the target electrical parameter until the new target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model if the target electrical parameter does not meet the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model, so as to update the passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery and obtain a new micro-short circuit model.
In an alternative embodiment, the micro-short data comprises a micro-short analog voltage and the actual output data comprises an actual output voltage; the parameter verification module 5 is specifically configured to determine whether a difference between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit analog voltage at the same time is within a first preset voltage range.
In an alternative embodiment, the micro-short data comprises a micro-short analog voltage and the actual output data comprises an actual output voltage; the parameter verification module 5 is specifically configured to determine whether the micro-short circuit analog voltage belongs to a second preset voltage range.
In an alternative embodiment, the parameter verification module 5 is further configured to determine that the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model if it is determined that the difference between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit analog voltage at the same time belongs to the first preset voltage range.
In an alternative embodiment, the parameter verification module 5 is further configured to determine that the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model if it is determined that the micro-short circuit analog voltage is within the second preset voltage range.
In an alternative embodiment, the preset model acquisition module 1 includes: a characteristic parameter obtaining unit 11, configured to obtain a battery characteristic parameter of the battery based on a preset test mode; a preset model establishing unit 12 for establishing a preset operating circuit model based on the battery characteristic parameters.
Preferably, the battery characteristic parameters include: the resistance value of ohmic internal resistance, the resistance value of electrochemical polarization internal resistance, the resistance value of concentration polarization internal resistance, the capacitance value of electrochemical polarization capacitance, the capacitance value of concentration polarization capacitance, the electrochemical polarization time constant and the concentration polarization time constant.
In an alternative embodiment, the predetermined test regimen comprises an HPPC test.
In an alternative embodiment, the predetermined operational circuit model includes a standard second order RC circuit.
In an alternative embodiment, the system is established to be applied to the frequency modulation charge-discharge process of the battery;
in an alternative embodiment, the battery comprises a lithium battery.
The working principle of the system for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model in this embodiment is the same as that of the method for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model in embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
The system for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model in the embodiment establishes the micro-short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on the preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery, and simulates the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery by micro-short circuit data output by the micro-short circuit model, so that the detection of the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery is realized, a technician can observe the micro-short circuit phenomenon of the battery conveniently, and when the battery has a problem, correction and prediction work can be performed in time, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of battery operation.
Example 3
An electronic device is provided in this embodiment, and fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device provided in this embodiment, where the electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, and the method for creating the battery micro-short circuit model in embodiment 1 is implemented when the processor executes the computer program. The electronic device 70 shown in fig. 14 is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of embodiments of the present invention. As shown in fig. 14, the electronic device 70 may be embodied in the form of a general purpose computing device, which may be a server device, for example. Components of the electronic device 70 may include, but are not limited to: the at least one processor 71, the at least one memory 72, a bus 73 connecting the various system components, including the memory 72 and the processor 71.
The processor 71 executes various functional applications and data processing, such as the method of establishing the battery micro short circuit model in embodiment 1 described above, by running a computer program stored in the memory 72.
The electronic device 70 may also communicate with one or more external devices 74. Such communication may occur through an input/output (I/O) interface 75. Also, model-generated electronic device 70 may also communicate with one or more networks such as a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network such as the Internet via network adapter 76. As shown in fig. 14, the network adapter 76 communicates with other modules of the electronic device 70 over the bus 73. It should be appreciated that although not shown, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in connection with electronic device 70, including, but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processors, external disk drive arrays, RAID (disk array) systems, tape drives, data backup storage systems, and the like.
It should be noted that although several units/modules or sub-units/modules of an electronic device are mentioned in the above detailed description, such a division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. Indeed, the features and functionality of two or more units/modules described above may be embodied in one unit/module in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Conversely, the features and functions of one unit/module described above may be further divided into ones that are embodied by a plurality of units/modules.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of establishing a battery micro-short circuit model in embodiment 1 described above.
More specifically, among others, readable storage media may be employed including, but not limited to: portable disk, hard disk, random access memory, read only memory, erasable programmable read only memory, optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
In a possible embodiment, the invention may also be implemented in the form of a program product comprising program code for causing a terminal device to carry out the steps of the method of establishing a battery micro-short circuit model as described in the above embodiment 1, when the program product is run on the terminal device.
Wherein the program code for carrying out the invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, the program code may execute entirely on the user device, partly on the user device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user device, partly on a remote device or entirely on the remote device.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. The method for establishing the battery micro-short circuit model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery;
the preset working circuit model is used for simulating an equivalent circuit corresponding to the battery in a normal state based on the internal polarization reaction of the battery;
establishing the micro-short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on the preset working circuit model;
the micro short circuit model is used for outputting micro short circuit data corresponding to the battery in a micro short circuit state.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of creating the micro short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on the preset operation circuit model includes:
Presetting a target electrical parameter;
establishing a passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery based on the target electrical parameter;
the output characteristic of the passive additional circuit is consistent with the output characteristic of the battery in micro short circuit, and the target electric parameter corresponds to the electric characteristic parameter of an electronic device in the passive additional circuit;
and electrically connecting the passive additional circuit with the output end of the preset working circuit model to establish and obtain the micro-short circuit model.
3. The method of building of claim 2, wherein the passive additional circuit comprises a target resistance and a target inductance in parallel with the output of the preset operating circuit model;
the target electrical parameter comprises a target time constant, and a resistance value of the target resistor and an inductance value of the target inductor corresponding to the same target time constant.
4. The method of establishing according to claim 2, wherein the step of presetting the target electrical parameter comprises:
a plurality of electrical parameter ranges are preset, and the target electrical parameter is determined based on the electrical parameter ranges.
5. The set-up method according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the set-up method further comprises:
Acquiring the micro-short circuit data output by the micro-short circuit model;
acquiring actual output data corresponding to the preset working circuit model;
verifying whether the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model based on the actual output data and the micro-short circuit data;
if not, updating the target electrical parameter until the new target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model, so as to update and obtain the passive additional circuit corresponding to the battery, and obtain the new micro-short circuit model.
6. The method of establishing of claim 5, wherein the micro-short data comprises a micro-short analog voltage and the actual output data comprises an actual output voltage;
verifying whether the target electrical parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model based on the actual output data and the micro-short circuit data; if not, the step of updating the target electrical parameter comprises:
judging whether the difference value between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit analog voltage at the same moment belongs to a first preset voltage range or not;
if not, updating the target electrical parameter;
And/or judging whether the micro-short circuit analog voltage belongs to a second preset voltage range;
if not, updating the target electrical parameter;
and/or, the establishing method further comprises:
if the difference value between the actual output voltage and the micro-short circuit simulation voltage at the same moment is judged to be in the first preset voltage range, determining that the target electric parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model;
and/or, the establishing method further comprises:
and if the micro-short circuit simulation voltage is judged to be in the second preset voltage range, determining that the target electric parameter meets the output requirement of the micro-short circuit model.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the preset operating circuit model corresponding to the battery includes:
acquiring battery characteristic parameters of the battery based on a preset test mode;
and establishing the preset working circuit model based on the battery characteristic parameters.
8. The method of establishing according to claim 7, wherein the battery characteristic parameters include: resistance of ohmic internal resistance, resistance of electrochemical polarized internal resistance, resistance of concentration polarized internal resistance, capacitance of electrochemical polarized capacitance, capacitance of concentration polarized capacitance, electrochemical polarized time constant and concentration polarized time constant;
And/or, the preset test mode comprises an HPPC experiment.
9. The method of building of claim 8, wherein the predetermined operational circuit model comprises a standard second order RC circuit.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is applied to a frequency modulation charge-discharge process of a battery;
and/or the battery comprises a lithium battery.
11. A system for building a micro-short circuit model of a battery, the system comprising:
the preset model acquisition module is used for acquiring a preset working circuit model corresponding to the battery;
the preset working circuit model is used for simulating an equivalent circuit corresponding to the battery in a normal state based on the internal polarization reaction of the battery;
the micro short circuit model building module is used for building the micro short circuit model corresponding to the battery based on the preset working circuit model;
the micro short circuit model is used for outputting micro short circuit data corresponding to the battery in a micro short circuit state.
12. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory for execution on the processor, wherein the processor implements a method of building a battery micro-short circuit model according to any one of claims 1-10 when executing the computer program.
13. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements a method of building a battery micro short circuit model according to any one of claims 1-10.
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