CN116298373B - Device and method for measuring angular velocity of object based on rotary Doppler effect - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring angular velocity of object based on rotary Doppler effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN116298373B CN116298373B CN202310586981.1A CN202310586981A CN116298373B CN 116298373 B CN116298373 B CN 116298373B CN 202310586981 A CN202310586981 A CN 202310586981A CN 116298373 B CN116298373 B CN 116298373B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/64—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P3/68—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The application discloses a device and a method for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on a rotary Doppler effect, wherein the device comprises a laser, and an acousto-optic modulator, a second half-wave plate, a second polarization beam splitter and a second vortex mode converter are sequentially arranged on an optical axis of a light beam emitted by the laser; a first vortex mode converter and a reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the light beam reflected by the second polarization beam splitter; the light beam reflected by the reflecting mirror and the light beam reflected by the second vortex mode converter are combined into one light beam through the second polarization beam splitter, and a third wave plate, a third polarization beam splitter or a polarization independent beam splitter, a third vortex mode converter and an optical fiber coupler are sequentially arranged on the optical axis; the optical fiber coupler is sequentially connected with the avalanche diode, the time-related single photon counting module and the computer. The weak value amplification technology of quantum precision measurement is utilized to convert tiny frequency movement into larger time delay, and the ultimate measurement precision of angular velocity and the physical mechanism of higher-order effect of rotational Doppler are explored.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of quantum precision measurement research, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on a rotary Doppler effect.
Background
Light having a helical phase is called vortex rotation, and the order of the helical phase is called topological charge number. When vortex light irradiates on a rotating object, the rotating Doppler effect is generated, the frequency of the light is changed, the frequency shift quantity is related to the rotating speed of the object, and therefore the rotating speed of the object can be calculated by detecting the frequency shift of the light. However, at small rotational speeds, the frequency shift due to the rotational doppler effect is very small, and therefore direct measurement of the amount of frequency shift is limited by the spectral width and frequency fluctuations.
In metrology, the observation of amplification of a minute physical quantity is achieved by constructing a weak value of a value far exceeding the eigenvalue spectrum, which is called a weak value amplification technique. In the framework of Michelson interferometer, the near-destructive coherence measurement of longitudinal velocity using non-Fourier limit pulses can be obtainedThe limit accuracy of (2) reaches its caramerro boundary under technical noise and imperfect experimental conditions.
Therefore, compared with the traditional method for directly extracting the frequency spectrum information to obtain the angular velocity, the method utilizes the weak value amplification technology of quantum precision measurement to convert the tiny frequency movement into larger time delay, and can further explore the ultimate measurement precision of the angular velocity and the physical mechanism of the higher-order effect of the rotating Doppler.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the frequency shift under the rotating Doppler effect is proportional to the rotating speed of an object, and the frequency shift under the tiny rotating speed can be submerged in the spectrum width, so that the measurement accuracy is influenced, and the signal distortion is easily caused by the fluctuation of the laser frequency; the application provides a device and a method for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on a rotating Doppler effect, which convert the frequency change into time delay by utilizing the near-destructive coherence of non-Fourier limit pulses, acquire delay time by utilizing a time-dependent single photon counting method of a laser radar so as to calculate and obtain the angular velocity of the object.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme: the device for measuring the angular velocity of the object based on the rotary Doppler effect comprises a laser, wherein an acousto-optic modulator, a second half-wave plate, a second polarization beam splitter and a second vortex mode converter are sequentially arranged on an optical axis of a light beam emitted by the laser; a first vortex mode converter and a reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the light beam reflected by the second polarization beam splitter; the light beam reflected by the reflecting mirror and the light beam reflected by the second vortex mode converter are combined into one light beam through a second polarization beam splitter; a third half wave plate, a third polarization beam splitter or a polarization independent beam splitter, a third vortex mode converter and an optical fiber coupler are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the combined beam to form a beam; the optical fiber coupler is connected with an avalanche diode; the avalanche diode is connected with a time-dependent single photon counting module; the time-dependent single photon counting module is connected with a computer.
Further, a first half-wave plate and a first polarization beam splitter are arranged on the optical axis of the light beam emitted by the laser and between the laser and the acousto-optic modulator.
Further, the laser is a laser of continuous light with any wavelength.
Further, the first vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator, or a spiral bit map, or a combination of a first quarter wave plate and a first vortex wave plate.
Further, the third vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator, a spiral bit photo, a second quarter wave plate, a combination of the second vortex wave plate and the third vortex wave plate, or a combination of the second quarter wave plate and the fourth vortex wave plate; the topological charge number of the fourth vortex wave plate is the sum of the topological charge numbers of the second vortex wave plate and the third vortex wave plate.
Further, the second vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator, a vortex wave plate or a spiral photo, and is used for converting plane waves into vortex rotation and then reflecting by an object which is actually rotated.
Further, the second vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator, and the liquid crystal layer of the spatial light modulator adopts topological charge number asThe dynamic pure phase hologram of (1) simulates the vortex beam reflection of a rotating object.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,is more than or equal to-50, less than or equal to 50 and is an integer.
Further, the time-dependent single photon counting module is replaced with a time-to-digital converter.
The method for measuring the angular velocity of the object based on the rotating Doppler effect based on the device comprises the steps that a laser emits continuous light with any wavelength, and Cheng Maichong light is modulated by an acousto-optic modulator;
then sequentially passing through a second half wave plate and a second polarization beam splitter to divide the light into two beams; wherein the vertically polarized component is reflected by the second polarization beam splitter, passes through the first vortex mode converter, is reflected by the reflecting mirror, and is converted into topological charge number by the first vortex mode converter againThe linear deflection direction of the linear deflection vortex beam is changed into the horizontal direction, and the linear deflection beam is transmitted through the second polarization beam splitter; wherein the horizontally polarized component is transmitted by the second polarization beam splitter, converted into vortex rotation by the second vortex mode converter, reflected by the actually rotated object, so that the frequency of the reflected light beam is shifted due to the rotation Doppler effect and the carrying topology charge number is +.>And then partially reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter;
the two light beams recombined by the second polarization beam splitter pass through a third half-wave plate and a third polarization beam splitter to generate near-destructive coherence, so that frequency shift generated by the rotating Doppler effect with rotating speed information is converted into pulse delay; then the plane wave is reconverted into plane waves through a third vortex mode converter and is collected into an optical fiber through an optical fiber coupler;
the signals collected in the optical fiber are amplified by the avalanche diode and then connected to a computer by the time-dependent single photon counting module, the photon arrival time is measured, and finally the angular velocity is calculated.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: compared with the traditional method for directly extracting the frequency spectrum information to obtain the angular velocity, the method can only achieveThe angular velocity precision of magnitude is converted into larger time delay by using the weak value amplification technology of quantum precision measurement, the influence of technical noise and the limitation of spectrum width are resisted to a larger extent, and the method can be expected to reach->The ultimate angular velocity accuracy of the magnitude, further explores the physical mechanisms of the higher order rotational doppler effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole apparatus of the present embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the whole apparatus of embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the whole apparatus of the present embodiment 3;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the whole apparatus of the present embodiment 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the whole apparatus of the present embodiment 5;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of experimental measurements of the present application;
the laser comprises a laser 1, a first half-wave plate 2, a first polarization beam splitter 3, an acousto-optic modulator 4, a second half-wave plate 5, a second polarization beam splitter 6, a first quarter-wave plate 7, a first vortex wave plate 8, a reflecting mirror 9, a spatial light modulator 10, a third half-wave plate 11, a third polarization beam splitter 12, a second quarter-wave plate 13, a second vortex wave plate 14, a third vortex wave plate 15, an optical fiber coupler 16, an avalanche diode 17, a time-dependent single photon counting module 18, a computer 19, a first spiral phase plate 20, a second spiral phase plate 21 and a fourth vortex wave plate 22.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with aspects of the application as detailed in the accompanying claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "at … …" or "responsive to a determination", depending on the context.
The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features of the examples and embodiments described below may be combined with each other without conflict.
The application relates to a device for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on a rotary Doppler effect, which comprises a laser 1, wherein an acousto-optic modulator 4, a second half-wave plate 5, a second polarization beam splitter 6 and a second vortex mode converter are sequentially arranged on an optical axis of a light beam emitted by the laser 1;
the laser 1 is used for emitting continuous light with any wavelength;
the acousto-optic modulator 4 is used for modulating the light beam emitted by the laser 1 into pulse light;
the second half wave plate 5 and the second polarization beam splitter 6 are used for splitting the light beam into two beams with proper light intensity, so that the light intensity is the same when the two beams are finally combined for interference;
a first half-wave plate 2 and a first polarization beam splitter 3 are further arranged on the optical axis of the light beam emitted by the laser 1 and between the laser 1 and the acousto-optic modulator 4, and are used for adjusting the linear deviation of the light beam output by the laser; it is not necessary that the linear deviation of the laser output mode is greater than 99.99%.
The second vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator 10, a vortex wave plate or a spiral photo, and is used for converting plane waves into vortex rotation and then reflecting by an object which is actually rotated; or simulate the reflection of a vortex beam by a rotating object using spatial modulator 10; the liquid crystal layer of the spatial modulator 10 adopts topology charge number asThe dynamic pure phase hologram of (2) causes the frequency of the reflected light beam to shift due to the rotation Doppler effect and carries topology charge number of +.>Is a helical phase of (2); after the light beam transmitted by the second polarizing beam splitter 6 is reflected by the spatial modulator 10, part of the light beam is reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter 6;
a first vortex mode converter and a reflecting mirror 9 are sequentially provided on the optical axis of the light beam reflected by the second polarization beam splitter 6; the first vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator, or a spiral bit map, or a combination of a first quarter wave plate 7 and the first vortex wave plate 8. Wherein the topological charge number of the first vortex wave plate 8 is l;
the first quarter wave plate 7 and the first vortex wave plate 8 with the topological charge number l are used for converting the light beam reflected by the second polarization beam splitter 6 into a circular bias vortex light beam with the topological charge number l, the circular bias vortex light beam is reflected by the reflecting mirror 9 and then converted into a linear bias vortex light beam with the topological charge number 2l through the first vortex wave plate 8 and the first quarter wave plate 7, the linear bias direction is changed into the horizontal direction, and the linear bias light beam is transmitted through the second polarization beam splitter 6;
the light beam reflected by the reflecting mirror 9 and the light beam reflected by the second vortex mode converter are combined into one light beam through the second polarization beam splitter 6; a third half wave plate 11, a third polarization beam splitter 12 or a polarization independent beam splitter, a third vortex mode converter and an optical fiber coupler 16 are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the combined beam to form a beam; the third vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator, a spiral bit photo, a second quarter wave plate (13), a combination of a second vortex wave plate (14) and a third vortex wave plate (15), or a combination of the second quarter wave plate (13) and a fourth vortex wave plate (22); the topological charge number of the fourth vortex wave plate (22) is 2l. Wherein, the topological charge numbers of the second vortex wave plate 14 and the third vortex wave plate 15 are l;
a third half-wave plate 11 and a third polarization beam splitter 12, which generate near-destructive coherence of the two beams of light combined to convert the frequency shift generated by the rotating Doppler effect with rotation speed information into pulse delay;
a second quarter wave plate 13, a second vortex wave plate 14, a third vortex wave plate 15 for re-converting the light beam into a plane wave and collecting into an optical fiber by means of an optical fiber coupler 16; the purpose of converting into plane waves is that the plane waves are more easily coupled into the fiber;
the optical fiber coupler 16 is connected with an avalanche diode 17; the avalanche diode 17 is connected with a time-dependent single photon counting module 18; the time-dependent single photon counting module 18 is connected to a computer 19. The time-dependent single photon counting module 18 is replaced with a time-to-digital converter.
The avalanche diode 17 is used for amplifying the signal collected into the optical fiber, and the time-dependent single photon counting module 18 is an integrated plug and play time-dependent single photon counting system, and is connected with a computer through a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, so that the measurement of photon arrival time is realized.
Example 1: the application relates to a device for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on a rotary Doppler effect, which is shown in figure 1, and comprises a laser 1, wherein an acousto-optic modulator 4, a second half-wave plate 5, a second polarization beam splitter 6 and a spatial modulator 10 are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of a light beam emitted by the laser 1; the spatial modulator 10 is provided with a liquid crystal layer; a first quarter wave plate 7, a first vortex wave plate 8 and a reflecting mirror 9 are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the light beam reflected by the second polarization beam splitter 6; the light beam reflected by the reflecting mirror 9 and the light beam reflected by the liquid crystal layer of the spatial modulator 10 are combined into one light beam by the second polarizing beam splitter 6; a third half wave plate 11, a third polarization beam splitter 12, a second quarter wave plate 13, a second vortex wave plate 14, a third vortex wave plate 15 and an optical fiber coupler 16 are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the combined beam to form a light beam; the optical fiber coupler 16 is connected with an avalanche diode 17; the avalanche diode 17 is connected with a time-dependent single photon counting module 18; the time-dependent single photon counting module 18 is connected to a computer 19. Wherein the third polarizing beam splitter 12 may be replaced by a polarization independent beam splitter.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 2, unlike in embodiment 1, a first half-wave plate 2 and a first polarization beam splitter 3 are sequentially disposed on the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the laser 1 and between the laser 1 and the acousto-optic modulator 4.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 3, unlike in embodiment 2, the first quarter wave plate 7 and the first vortex wave plate 8 are replaced with a first spiral bit photograph 20 having a topological charge number of l; the spatial light modulator with the topological charge number of l can be replaced.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 4, unlike in example 2, the second quarter wave plate 13, the second vortex wave plate 14, and the third vortex wave plate 15 are replaced with a second spiral bit photograph 21 having a topological genus of 2 l; a spatial light modulator with a topology of 2l can also be substituted.
Example 5: as shown in fig. 5, unlike in example 2, the second vortex wave plate 14 and the third vortex wave plate 15 were replaced with a fourth vortex wave plate 22 having a topological genus of 2l.
As shown in fig. 6, the measurement flow of the device of the present application is:
(1) Preparing a pointer state: converting the continuous optical signal into non-fourier-limited gaussian pulse light;
(2) Pre-selection: the polarization of the incident light is regulated, so that the light intensity is the same when two paths of light beams of the interferometer interfere, and the optical path difference is introduced;
(3) System and pointer interactions: introducing a Rotating Doppler Effect (RDE) into one arm of the interferometer to generate a frequency shift, and adjusting the other arm to a corresponding phase;
(4) Post-selection: the polarization of the two paths of light is adjusted to generate near-destructive coherence, so that the frequency shift is converted into pulse delay;
(5) Reading signals: the time delay is extracted using a time-dependent single photon counting (TCSPC) technique.
The application discloses a method for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on a rotary Doppler effect, which comprises the following steps:
the continuous laser output in the first step optimizes the polarization degree through the first half wave plate 2 and the first polarization beam splitter 3, and then is modulated into non-Fourier limit Gaussian pulse light by utilizing the acousto-optic modulator 4, and the light intensity distribution of the Gaussian pulse light is obtainedCan be expressed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofFor the initial light intensity +.>For time (I)>Is pulse width;
step two, in order to realize near-destructive coherence, the proportion of the horizontal component and the vertical component is adjusted by using a second half-wave plate 5, and the two beams are split by using a second polarizing beam splitter 6:
in which the vertically polarized component is adjusted to 45 after being reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter 6 o The first quarter wave plate 7 of (2) is converted into left-handed circularly polarized light and then passes through the topology charge number asIs converted into a topological charge number of +.>Right-hand circularly polarized vortex beam of (2) is reflected by the reflector 9 to become topological charge number +.>The reflected light is converted into a topological charge number of +.>Is finally converted into a right-hand circularly polarized vortex beam with topological charge number of +.>Is transmitted through the second polarizing beam splitter 6 with its electric field strength +.>Can be expressed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofFor the initial electric field strength>For angular frequency of light, +.>For azimuth angle on beam section, +.>For the phase difference of the two paths of light, the position of the reflecting mirror 9 is adjusted;
wherein the horizontally polarized component is transmitted by the second polarizing beam splitter 6 and the part reflected by the spatial light modulator 10 is partially reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter 6, wherein the liquid crystal layer of the spatial light modulator 10 adopts a topological charge number ofIs a dynamic pure phase hologram of (a) with a simulated angular velocity of +.>The frequency of the reflected light beam is shifted due to the rotation Doppler effect by the reflection of the vortex light beam by the rotating object of (2), and the reflected light carries topology charge number of +.>The electric field strength of the helical phase of (2)>Can be expressed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofFor the angular frequency of light affected by the rotational Doppler effect, < >>Wherein->For the light frequency +.>Frequency shift due to the rotational doppler effect;
step three, the passing angle of the two light beams recombined by the second polarization beam splitter 6 is set to be 22.5 o Near-destructive coherence occurs after the third polarization beam splitter 12 to convert the frequency shift generated by the rotational Doppler effect with rotational speed information into pulse delay to obtain the output pulse intensityIt can be approximated as:
wherein the pulse arrival time delay is；
Step four, the light beam passes through the second quarter wave plate 13 again, and the topological charge numbers are allThe second vortex wave plate 14 and the third vortex wave plate 15 are converted into plane waves again and are collected into optical fibers by utilizing an optical fiber coupler 16;
fifthly, the signals collected in the optical fiber are amplified by an avalanche diode amplifier 17 and then connected to a computer 19 by a time-dependent single photon counting module 18, and the arrival time delay of the optical pulse is measuredFinally pass->And calculating to obtain the angular velocity.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions are only illustrative of the technical solution of the present application and are not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent substitutions may be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined in the appended claims.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather to enable any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like to be made within the spirit and principles of the application.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the design concept and features of the present application, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement the same, the scope of the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications according to the principles and design ideas of the present application are within the scope of the present application.
Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. The specification and examples are to be regarded in an illustrative manner only.
It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof.
Claims (9)
1. An apparatus for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on the rotational Doppler effect, comprising a laser (1), the laser (1) emitting lightAn acousto-optic modulator (4), a second half-wave plate (5), a second polarization beam splitter (6) and a second vortex mode converter are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the beam; a first vortex mode converter and a reflecting mirror (9) are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the light beam reflected by the second polarization beam splitter (6); the light beam reflected by the reflecting mirror (9) and the light beam reflected by the second vortex mode converter are combined into one light beam through a second polarization beam splitter (6); a third half wave plate (11), a third polarization beam splitter (12) or a polarization independent beam splitter, a third vortex mode converter and an optical fiber coupler (16) are sequentially arranged on the optical axis of the combined beam to form a beam; the optical fiber coupler (16) is connected with an avalanche diode (17); the avalanche diode (17) is connected with a time-dependent single photon counting module (18); the time-dependent single photon counting module (18) is connected with a computer (19); the laser emits continuous light with any wavelength, and Cheng Maichong light is modulated by the acousto-optic modulator; its light intensity distributionCan be expressed as:
；
wherein the method comprises the steps ofFor the initial light intensity +.>For time (I)>Is pulse width;
then sequentially passing through a second half wave plate and a second polarization beam splitter to divide the light into two beams; wherein the vertically polarized component is reflected by the second polarization beam splitter, passes through the first vortex mode converter, is reflected by the reflecting mirror, and is converted into topological charge number by the first vortex mode converter againIs transmitted through the second polarization beam splitter with the electric field intensity +.>Can be expressed as:
；
wherein the method comprises the steps ofFor the initial electric field strength>For angular frequency of light, +.>For azimuth angle on beam section, +.>The phase difference of the two paths of light is changed by adjusting the position of the reflecting mirror;
wherein the horizontally polarized component is transmitted by the second polarization beam splitter, converted into vortex rotation by the second vortex mode converter, reflected by the actually rotated object, so that the frequency of the reflected light beam is shifted due to the rotation Doppler effect and carries topological charge number asIs reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter, the electric field strength of which is +.>Can be expressed as:
；
wherein the method comprises the steps ofFor the angular frequency of light affected by the rotational Doppler effect, < >>WhereinFor the light frequency +.>Frequency shift due to the rotational doppler effect;
the two light beams recombined by the second polarization beam splitter generate near-destructive coherence after passing through a third half-wave plate and a third polarization beam splitter, so that the frequency shift generated by the rotating Doppler effect with rotating speed information is converted into pulse delay, and the obtained output pulse intensityThe method comprises the following steps:
；
wherein the pulse arrival time delay isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then the plane wave is reconverted into plane waves through a third vortex mode converter and is collected into an optical fiber through an optical fiber coupler;
the signals collected in the optical fiber are amplified by an avalanche diode, then connected to a computer by a time-dependent single photon counting module, the photon arrival time is measured, and finally the angular velocity is calculated。
2. Device for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on the rotational doppler effect according to claim 1, characterized in that a first half wave plate (2) and a first polarizing beam splitter (3) are also arranged on the optical axis of the light beam emitted by the laser (1) and between the laser (1) and the acousto-optic modulator (4).
3. Device for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on the rotational doppler effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser (1) is a laser of continuous light of arbitrary wavelength.
4. An apparatus for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on the rotational doppler effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the first vortex mode conversion means is a spatial light modulator, or a spiral bit pattern, or a combination of a first quarter wave plate (7) and a first vortex wave plate (8).
5. An apparatus for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on the rotational doppler effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the third vortex mode conversion means is a spatial light modulator, or a spiral bit map, or a second quarter wave plate (13), a combination of a second vortex wave plate (14) and a third vortex wave plate (15), or a combination of a second quarter wave plate (13) and a fourth vortex wave plate (22); the topological charge number of the fourth vortex wave plate (22) is the sum of the topological charge numbers of the second vortex wave plate (14) and the third vortex wave plate (15).
6. The apparatus for measuring angular velocity of an object based on rotational doppler effect according to claim 1, wherein the second vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator, a vortex wave plate or a spiral bit photograph for converting plane waves into vortex rotation and then being reflected by the object actually rotated.
7. The apparatus for measuring angular velocity of an object based on rotational doppler effect according to claim 1, whereinThe second vortex mode conversion device is a spatial light modulator (10), and the liquid crystal layer of the spatial light modulator (10) adopts topological charge number asThe dynamic pure phase hologram of (1) simulates the vortex beam reflection of a rotating object.
8. An apparatus for measuring an angular velocity of an object based on a rotational Doppler effect as claimed in claim 7,is more than or equal to-50, less than or equal to 50 and is an integer.
9. An apparatus for measuring the angular velocity of an object based on the rotational doppler effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the time dependent single photon counting module (18) is replaced with a time-to-digital converter.
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| CN202310586981.1A CN116298373B (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Device and method for measuring angular velocity of object based on rotary Doppler effect |
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| CN202310586981.1A CN116298373B (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Device and method for measuring angular velocity of object based on rotary Doppler effect |
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| CN116298373B true CN116298373B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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