CN116297056A - Mist deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device - Google Patents
Mist deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of fog drops, which belongs to the field of intelligent detection equipment and comprises the following components: a sensing module composed of a strip-shaped flexible substrate, wherein a conductive layer is coated on the surface of at least one side of the flexible substrate; after the mist receiving module receives mist drops in spraying operation, the flexible substrate coated with the conductive layer is elastically deformed; the detection circuit detects the electrical parameters of the sensing module after elastic deformation; and the microprocessor calculates the deposition amount of the fog drops deposited on the fog drop receiving module according to the electrical parameters, and calculates the evaporation rate based on the deposition amount of the fog drops. According to the detection device provided by the invention, the curvature sensing principle is utilized, the flexible substrate with the conductive layer coated on the surface is used as the sensing module, and the deformation of the flexible substrate is caused by the deposition of the fog drops, so that the resistance value of the conductive layer coated on the flexible substrate is changed, the deposition quantity of the fog drops can be rapidly detected by detecting the change of the resistance value, and the detection device is simple to operate, high in applicability and high in detection precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent detection equipment, in particular to a device for detecting the deposition quantity and evaporation rate of fog drops.
Background
Spraying pesticide on crops is a main technical means for preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and is an important guarantee for grain safety and quality. After pesticide droplets are sprayed out of the sprayer, in the descending process, the pesticide droplets are influenced by factors such as illumination, environmental temperature and the like, and part of the pesticide droplets are evaporated to become gas and are diffused into the surrounding environment, so that pesticide waste and loss are caused; meanwhile, when the liquid medicine fog drops are deposited on the leaf surfaces, the deposition amount of the fog drops on the leaf surfaces and the evaporation time of the liquid medicine fog drops can change the absorption amount and the absorption speed of the leaf on the liquid medicine, so that the pesticide application efficiency is affected.
Therefore, the pesticide mist deposition amount and evaporation test is very important detection content for pesticide use, and basic data support can be provided for anti-evaporation agent research and development, liquid medicine proportion and pesticide application operation parameter selection through detection data of pesticide deposition and evaporation characteristics.
At present, in terms of detection of the deposition amount of mist droplets, there are mainly two methods: firstly, a water-sensitive paper method is adopted, namely, the water-sensitive paper is utilized to receive fog drops, and an image method is adopted to determine the quantity of color-developed fog drops on the surface of the water-sensitive paper; secondly, tracer dye is added into the spray liquid, mist drops are received by using a Mylar film, nylon wires and the like, then elution is carried out, and the deposition amount of the mist drops is measured by using a spectrophotometer or a fluorescence analyzer. The operation flow of the methods is complex, time and labor are consumed, and the intelligent degree is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for detecting the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of fog drops, which is used for solving the defects of complicated detection flow, time consumption and labor consumption in the prior art, and can rapidly detect the deposition amount of the fog drops, and has the advantages of simple operation, strong applicability and high detection precision.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a droplet deposition amount and evaporation rate detection apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a sensing module, a fog drop receiving module, a detection circuit and a microprocessor;
the sensing module comprises a strip-shaped flexible substrate, and a conductive layer is coated on the surface of at least one side of the flexible substrate;
the fog drop receiving module is arranged at one end of the sensing module; after the mist receiving module receives mist drops in spraying operation, the flexible substrate coated with the conductive layer is elastically deformed;
the detection circuit is used for detecting the electrical parameters of the sensing module after elastic deformation;
and the microprocessor is used for calculating the deposition amount of the fog drops deposited on the fog drop receiving module according to the electrical parameters and calculating the evaporation rate of the fog drops according to the deposition amount of the fog drops.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, the flexible substrate is a strip-shaped substrate made of flexible phenolic resin, and the conductive layer is a conductive ink layer;
the conductive ink layer is coated on at least one face of the strip-shaped substrate;
the two detection ends of the detection circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the conductive ink layers at the two ends of the strip-shaped substrate;
after the strip-shaped substrate is elastically deformed, the resistance value of the conductive ink layer is increased.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, the length-width ratio of the strip-shaped substrate is determined based on the following model:
wherein ,Lfor the length of the strip-shaped substrate,Kto be wide of the band-shaped substrate,wis perpendicular to the strip-shaped substrateThe displacement of the piston rod is controlled,Eas the modulus of elasticity of the tape substrate,Gfor the thickness of the strip-shaped substrate,Mand the fogdrop load mass of the fogdrop receiving module is as follows.
According to the detection device for the deposition quantity and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, the detection circuit comprises a reference resistor, a voltage input source and a comparator; one end of the reference resistor is grounded, and the other end of the reference resistor is connected with the conductive ink layer at one end of the strip-shaped substrate; a conductive ink layer at the other end of the strip-shaped substrate is connected with the voltage input source and is connected to a first input end of the comparator; the second input end of the comparator is short-circuited with the output end of the comparator;
the electrical parameter is the voltage applied by the voltage input source to the reference resistor.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, the resistance value of the reference resistor is equal to the resistance value of the conductive ink layer when the strip-shaped substrate is not elastically deformed.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops provided by the invention, the microprocessor calculates the deposition amount of the fog drops deposited on the fog drop receiving module according to the electrical parameters, and the detection device comprises the following components:
calculating the resistance of the conductive ink layer according to the electrical parameter, the voltage value of the voltage input source and the resistance of the reference resistor;
inputting the resistance value of the conductive ink layer into a relation model of the resistance value and the deposition amount, and obtaining the deposition amount of the fog drops deposited on the fog drop receiving module;
the relation model of the resistance and the deposition amount is predetermined based on historical test data of the fog drop deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device.
According to the device for detecting the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, the fog drop receiving module is a needle-shaped Mylar card;
a rail is provided at an edge of the droplet receiving module.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, the fog drop receiving module is used for receiving the upper surfaces of the fog drops in spraying operation and is arranged to be a honeycomb net surface;
each mesh of the honeycomb mesh surface is a regular hexagon hole, and the diameter of the regular hexagon hole is smaller than the maximum wetting length of the fog drops.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, the maximum wetting length of the fog drops is calculated based on the following formula:
wherein ,W e is that the number of the Weber's number,R e in order to achieve a reynolds number,d max for the maximum wet-out length,
is mist drop diameter>
Is mist droplet dimensionless diameter +.>
Is mist density>
Is fog drop movement speed +.>
Is fog drop surface tension>
The viscosity of the spray drops is the viscosity of the spray drops,
the predictive function is retained for the droplets.
The invention provides a device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of fog drops, which also comprises a data transmission module;
the data transmission module is in communication connection with the data receiving module arranged at the far end so as to send the calculated droplet deposition amount deposited on the droplet receiving module to the data transmission module through the data transmission module;
the data transmission module stores the received data to a remote computer.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, provided by the invention, by utilizing the curvature sensing principle, the flexible substrate with the conductive layer coated on the surface is researched to serve as the sensing module, and the deformation of the flexible substrate is caused by the deposition of the fog drops, so that the resistance value of the conductive layer coated on the flexible substrate is changed, the deposition amount of the fog drops can be rapidly detected through the change of the detection resistance value, and the detection device is simple to operate, high in applicability and high in detection precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of mist droplets;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of deformation states of a sensing module when different amounts of mist deposit exist on a mist receiving module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the state of the flexible substrate and the conductive layer after deformation of the sensing module provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the flexible substrate and the conductive layer of the sensing module provided by the invention when the sensing module is not deformed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detection circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a droplet deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device showing a specific structure of a detection circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the mist deposition amount and evaporation rate detecting device provided by the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the length of a spray boom and the deposition quality per unit area;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the detection results of the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets by using the detection device of the present invention and the detection results of the deposition amount of droplets by using a petri dish;
wherein, the reference numerals are as follows:
1: a fog drop receiving module; 2: a sensing module; 3: a detection circuit; 4: a microprocessor; 21: a flexible substrate; 22: a conductive layer;V CC : a voltage value of the voltage input source;R x : a reference resistance;R w : resistance of the conductive ink layer;V x : the voltage value is detected.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that in the description of embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, apparatus, article or device comprising the element. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or elements in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The following describes a droplet deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 9.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a droplet deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, mainly including but not limited to the following parts: the device comprises a sensing module 2, a fog drop receiving module 1, a detection circuit 3 and a microprocessor 4.
The sensing module 2 mainly comprises a strip-shaped flexible substrate, a conductive layer is coated on the surface of at least one side of the flexible substrate, and the mist receiving module 1 is arranged at one end of the sensing module 2.
Alternatively, the cross-section of the flexible substrate may be rectangular, square, circular, or any other shaped planar surface.
The flexible substrate is made of insulating materials, can elastically deform under the condition that one end is subjected to external force, and can be restored to the original state after the external force is removed.
In addition, since the mass of the droplets is generally not large, in order to reflect the deposition amount of the droplets on the droplet receiving module 1 swiftly, the thickness of the flexible substrate is generally controlled, for example, a thin sheet-like flexible band-like substrate is prepared, so that deformation of the flexible band-like substrate is caused once the droplets are deposited on the droplet receiving module 1 connected to the flexible band-like substrate.
Further, after the mist receiving module 1 receives the mist at the time of the spraying operation, the flexible substrate coated with the conductive layer is elastically deformed.
The magnitude of the external force applied to the flexible substrate is positively correlated with the deformation amount of the elastic deformation of the flexible substrate. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of deformation states of the sensing module when different amounts of mist deposit exist on the mist-droplet receiving module, and as shown in fig. 2, the sensing module 2 is kept in a horizontal state when no mist deposit exists on the mist-droplet receiving module 1; when a small amount of deposited droplets exists on the droplet receiving module 1, the deformation amount of the sensing module 2, which is elastically deformed under the action of the gravity of the droplets, is smaller than that of the larger amount of deposited droplets on the droplet receiving module 1.
The detection circuit 3 is mainly used for detecting the electrical parameters of the sensing module 2 after elastic deformation.
The electrical parameter may be a change in resistance of the sensing module 2 caused by the elastic deformation of the sensing module, and the preset detecting circuit 3 converts the change in resistance into a change in current or voltage, which is used as the electrical parameter.
The electrical parameter may be a current variation or a voltage variation caused by detecting that the sensing module 2 is elastically deformed and then causes a change of a capacitance value related to the sensing module. For example, at least one portion of the upper surface of one sensor module 2 is treated, and another plate-type conductor (including a wire) is provided at a position closely spaced from the portion so that a capacitor is formed between the provided another plate-type conductor and the upper surface of the sensor module 2. After the sensor module 2 is elastically deformed, the plate distance of the formed capacitor is reduced, the capacitance of the capacitor is increased, and the capacitance variation is converted into the voltage or current variation through the preset detection circuit 3 to serve as an electrical parameter.
It should be noted that the electrical parameter mentioned in this embodiment is not limited to the amount of change in voltage or current, and other electrical related parameters may be used to digitally express the specific shape variable of the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2.
Finally, the microprocessor 4 calculates the deposition amount of the fog drops deposited on the fog drop receiving module according to the electrical parameters generated by the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2, and calculates the evaporation rate of the fog drops according to the deposition amount of the fog drops.
Specifically, the deposition amount of the droplets is positively correlated with the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2, and the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2 can cause different electrical parameters and can be designed to be positively correlated with the two, so that the corresponding deposition amount of the droplets can be calculated according to the different electrical parameters through the microprocessor 4.
At present, when detecting the increasing rate of the fogdrops, commonly used detection comprises an imaging method, namely, a digital camera or a microscope is utilized to obtain a settled fogdrop image, and then the size reduction of the fogdrops is measured through image processing software, so that the evaporation rate of the fogdrops is calculated. The detection method is complex in operation, high in requirements on image quality and an image processing method, and low in intelligent degree.
In addition, in the prior art, the deposition amount of the fog drops is measured by utilizing the capacitance value change of the coplanar interdigital capacitor, so that the evaporation process of the fog drops is monitored. However, this type of process also has significant drawbacks: the capacitors on the surface of the sensor are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the interval exists between two polar plates of the capacitor, and when fog drops are arranged between the polar plates or cross over a plurality of polar plates, the signal accuracy can be obviously affected, and measurement errors are caused.
By utilizing the device for detecting the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, the deposition amount of the fog drops at any moment in a continuous time period can be detected in real time. Therefore, when the mist drops are settled to the mist receiving module 1, the sensing module 2 bends, and the acquired detection voltage value is transmitted to the microprocessor 4 in real time, so as to calculate the mist drop settlement amount according to the relation model of the resistance value and the settlement amount.
Meanwhile, the microprocessor 4 performs timing, and when confirming that all the mist drops in the current spraying period are settled to the mist receiving module 1, the detection voltage value at the moment is the minimum value, and the mist deposition amount is the maximum value.
Over time, the mist begins to evaporate, and the evaporation rate of the mist in one detection period can be calculated through the reduction value of the deposition amount of the mist and the corresponding duration.
As an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a method for calculating the evaporation rate of droplets in a detection period:
wherein ,
is the evaporation rate of fog drops>
To detect the initial droplet deposition quality during the period, < >>
To detect the quality of droplet deposition at the end of the cycle, and (2)>
For detecting the duration of the cycle.
Further, after the microprocessor calculates the deposition amount and evaporation rate of the droplets, the deposition amount and evaporation rate of the droplets may be displayed to a user through a display device, or the deposition amount and evaporation rate of the droplets collected in one or more spraying periods may be stored for the user to use, analyze, etc.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, provided by the invention, by utilizing the curvature sensing principle, the flexible substrate with the conductive layer coated on the surface is developed to serve as the sensing module, the deformation of the flexible substrate is caused by the deposition of the fog drops, and the resistance change of the conductive layer coated on the flexible substrate is further caused, so that the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops can be rapidly detected through the detection of the change of the resistance, the operation is simple, the applicability is strong, and the detection precision is high.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the state of the flexible substrate and the conductive layer after deformation of the sensing module provided by the invention; fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the state of the flexible substrate and the conductive layer of the sensing module provided by the present invention when the sensing module is not deformed, and as an alternative embodiment, the flexible substrate 21 of the sensing module 2 in the device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of mist droplets provided by the present invention may be a strip-shaped substrate made of flexible phenolic resin, and the conductive layer 22 coated on at least one surface of the flexible substrate may be a conductive ink layer.
A conductive ink layer is coated on at least one side of the strip-like substrate. For example, the upper surface of the droplet receiving module 1 is typically used to receive droplets during a spraying period, so that a conductive ink layer may be applied only to the upper surface of the flexible substrate 21.
Of course, the conductive ink layers may be simultaneously coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the flexible substrate 21, which is not particularly limited.
The two detection ends of the detection circuit 3 are respectively and electrically connected with the conductive ink layers at the two ends of the strip-shaped substrate. Thus, the resistance of the conductive ink layer increases after the elastic deformation of the strip-shaped substrate.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, with the above-described configuration of the sensor module 2, when the strip-shaped substrate is elastically deformed and bent, the interval between carbon particles of the conductive ink layer coated on the surface thereof increases, resulting in higher resistance and lower current flow. When the strip-shaped substrate is not elastically deformed, the generated resistance is relatively small because the intervals between the carbon particles of the conductive ink layer are relatively close, so that higher current is left under the same voltage. Thus, the sensing module 2 can be considered as a flexible potentiometer since its amount of bending is proportional to its own resistance.
In summary, the device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets according to the present invention uses the sensing module 2 comprising the strip-shaped substrate and the conductive ink layer coated on at least one surface thereof, and directly reacts to the deposition amount of droplets received on the droplet receiving module 1 by using the variation of the deformation amount. Further, the corresponding electrical parameter is generated by using the resistance change caused by the change in the deformation amount of the detection sensor module 2. This is fast in response to the detected electrical parameter. The prepared calculated mist deposition amount is convenient to operate and clear in principle, a specific implementation mode is provided for rapidly and conveniently detecting the mist deposition amount, and the mist deposition amount detection device is convenient to operate and high in applicability and detection accuracy.
Based on the content of the above embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the aspect ratio of the strip substrate is determined based on the following design model:
wherein ,Lfor the length of the strip-shaped substrate,Kto be wide of the band-shaped substrate,wfor the vertical displacement of the strip-shaped substrate,Eas the modulus of elasticity of the tape substrate,Gfor the thickness of the strip-shaped substrate,Mand the fogdrop load mass of the fogdrop receiving module is as follows.
According to the stress relation between the deformation amount of the elastic deformation and the stress relation, the deformation amount of the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2 is related to the length and the width of the strip-shaped substrate.
Specifically, the correlation between the deformation amount of the elastic deformation and the length and width of the strip-like substrate can be expressed by the following formula:
by converting the above formula, a design model of the aspect ratio of the strip substrate can be constructed.
In order to further improve the stress response performance of the sensing module 2 and ensure the sensitivity of the sensing module 2 to the deposition of small-mass droplets, the invention determines that the ratio of the length to the width of the sensing module 2 is preferably not less than 18 through a large number of experimental tests.
According to the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, provided by the invention, the selection standard of the strip-shaped substrate for preparing the sensing module, which is selected under different scenes, is determined by researching and testing the aspect ratio of the strip-shaped substrate, and particularly, the selection standard is analyzed from the aspect ratio of the strip-shaped substrate, so that theoretical and test support is provided for improving the stress response performance of the sensing module and ensuring the sensitivity of the sensing module to the deposition of the fog drops with small mass.
As an alternative embodiment, the invention utilizes the detection circuit 3 to quantify the deformation amount of the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2, and generates corresponding electrical parameters.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detection circuit according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, in whichV CC A voltage value representing a voltage input source;R x representing a reference resistance;R w representing the resistance of the conductive ink layer;V x the invention can convert the resistance change of the sensing module 2 caused by the deformation amount of elastic deformation into a voltage value serving as an electrical parameter through the detection circuit.
The detected voltage value is also usedV x Is the reference resistanceR x The voltage drop across the conductive ink layer, not the resistance of the conductive ink layer, can be calculated using the following equationV x ：
Due to the detected voltage valueV x The size of (2) decreases with increasing bending radius of the conductive ink layer in the sensor module 2, for example: in the case of using a voltage input source with a voltage value of 5V, a reference resistor is arrangedR x In the case of 47kΩ, when the sensing module 2 is not elastically deformed (i.e. no droplet is deposited on the droplet receiving module 1), the resistance of the conductive ink layer at this time is about 25kΩ, and the detection voltage value can be calculated at this timeV x ：
When the sensor module 2 is bent to 90 degrees, the resistance of the conductive ink layer increases to about 100Kω, and the detection voltage is generatedV x ：
It can be understood from the above that the detection circuit 3 provided by the present invention can detect the voltage valueV x As an electrical parameter, the deformation amount of the sensing module 2 due to elastic deformation caused by stress is digitally expressed.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a droplet deposition and evaporation rate detection device showing a specific structure of a detection circuit according to the present invention, wherein the detection circuit 3 mainly includes a reference resistor as shown in FIG. 6R x Voltage input source (voltage value thereof can be used)V CC Directly representing it) and a comparator.
Wherein the reference resistanceR x The other end of the substrate is connected with the conductive ink layer at one end of the strip-shaped substrate; the conductive ink layer at the other end of the strip-shaped substrate is connected with a voltage input source and is connected to a first input end of the comparator; the second input of the comparator is shorted to the output of the comparator.
The electrical parameter at this time may be determined as the voltage input sourceV CC Applied to a reference resistorR x And a voltage on the same.
As an alternative embodiment, the reference resistorR x The resistance value of the conductive ink layer is equal to the resistance value of the conductive ink layer when the strip-shaped substrate is not elastically deformed.
By using the detection circuit 3, the detection voltage value obtained in real time can be obtainedV x The deformation amount of the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2 caused by stress is quantized.
Based on the content of the above embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the above microprocessor 4 calculates the deposition amount of the mist deposited on the mist-receiving module 1 based on the electrical parameters, mainly including, but not limited to, the following ways:
based on the determined electrical parameter and the voltage value of the voltage input sourceV CC And reference resistanceR x Calculating the resistance of the conductive ink layerR w ；
Resistance value of conductive ink layerR w And inputting the obtained mist deposit quantity to a relation model of the resistance and the deposit quantity, and obtaining the deposit quantity of the mist deposit on the mist receiving module.
Wherein the electrical parameter may be a detected voltage valueV x The resistance and deposition amount relation model is predetermined based on historical test data of the mist deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device.
The invention can establish the detection voltage value through the early testV x And the deposition amount of mist dropsxAs a relation model of the resistance and the deposition amount, so as to be capable of measuring the detected voltage value according to the actual measurementV x Directly deducing the deposition amount of fog dropsx。
Specifically, the resistance value of the conductive ink layer is determined according to historical dataR w Expression of the relation model with deposition amount:
further, by deriving the above expression, a detection voltage value is obtainedV x And the deposition amount of mist dropsxIs the relation equation of:
further converting the expression to obtain an expression of the relation model of the resistance and the deposition amount:
the detection device for the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops provided by the invention adopts a test mode to fit the resistance value of the conductive ink layerR w The relation model between the resistance and the deposition amount is obtained by converting the model according to the circuit structure of the detection circuit, so that the relation model between the resistance and the deposition amount can be measured in real time quicklyDetected voltage valueV x The method directly calculates the deposition quantity of the fog drops on the fog drop receiving module, has simple and convenient operation flow, strong applicability and high detection stability.
The droplet receiving module 1 provided at one end of the sensor module 2 is an improvement for further increasing the droplet receiving area in order to further increase the sensitivity of detecting the droplet deposition amount of the droplet deposition amount and evaporation rate detecting device.
Optionally, the material of the droplet receiving module 1 is a light-weight mylar card. The shape of the Mylar card can be a needle shape, or can be other regular or irregular shapes, and the invention is not particularly limited.
Further, in order to adapt to the detection of the high-capacity spraying mode, a fence with a preset height can be arranged on the periphery of the droplet receiving module 1, and the fence has the main effects of intercepting droplet flowing caused by the inclination angle of the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2 and ensuring the measurement accuracy to the greatest extent.
It should be noted that, the outer shell may be disposed outside the sensing module 2 to prevent the sprayed droplets from directly contacting with the conductive ink layer on the sensing module 2, so as to ensure that only the droplet receiving module 1 is responsible for receiving the droplets, and avoid the resistance of the droplets sprayed onto the sensing module 2 to the conductive ink layerR w The resistance derivation of (c) has an influence.
Because the fog drops are sprayed out of the sprayer and move to the fog drop deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device, the fog drop detection device has certain inertia, and the fog drop receiving module 1 is improved in order to reduce the vibration action of the inertia on the sensing module 2 and reduce the occurrence of fog drop flowing caused by the inclination angle of the elastic deformation of the sensing module 2.
As an alternative embodiment, the upper surface of the fog drop receiving module 1 for receiving fog drops in spraying operation is set to be a honeycomb net surface, so that the fog drop receiving module can play a role in buffering and vibration reduction in the landing process of the fog drops, the inertia of the fog drops falling to the fog drop receiving module 1 is reduced to the greatest extent, and the detection precision is further improved.
Optionally, each cell of the honeycomb mesh face is provided as a regular hexagonal hole. In order to effectively avoid splashing when the fog drops fall on the honeycomb net surface, the diameter of the regular hexagonal holes is smaller than the maximum wetting length of the fog drops in design.
As an alternative embodiment, the maximum wetting length of the mist droplets is calculated based on the following formula:
wherein ,W e is that the number of the Weber's number,R e in order to achieve a reynolds number,d max for the maximum wet-out length,
is mist drop diameter>
Is mist droplet dimensionless diameter +.>
Is mist density>
Is fog drop movement speed +.>
Is fog drop surface tension>
The viscosity of the spray drops is the viscosity of the spray drops,
the predictive function is retained for the droplets.
In the above formula, the predictive function is maintained in the mist
When < 0, the spreading movement of the fogdrop reaches the maximum wetting length +.>
The kinetic energy may still be splashed; in fog drop retention prediction function +.>
And when the temperature is more than or equal to 0, the fog drops do not splash after reaching the maximum wetting length.
Thus, it is ensured that
On the premise of more than or equal to 0, the maximum wetting length is taken as the hexagonal diameter, so that fog drops can not splash to a certain extent.
According to the detection device for the deposition quantity and the evaporation rate of the fog drops, provided by the invention, through the optimization design of the surface of the fog drop receiving module for receiving the fog drops, the influence of inertia when the fog drops fall to the fog drop receiving module on the detection result can be reduced, and the occurrence of the flowing condition of the fog drops can be suppressed to a certain extent by the honeycomb net surface compared with the smooth surface, so that the detection precision can be further improved.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the device for detecting the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of mist droplets provided by the invention further includes a data transmission module.
Fig. 7 is a front view of the device for detecting the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of mist droplets, as shown in fig. 7, the device for detecting the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of mist droplets may include a housing, in which the sensing module 2, the detecting circuit 3, the microprocessor 4 and the data transmission module are all installed, so that only the mist receiving module 1 receives mist droplets, on one hand, the accuracy of detection can be ensured, on the other hand, corrosion of other components by mist droplets can be avoided, and the service life of the device is prolonged.
Further, the data transmission module is in communication connection with a data receiving module arranged at a far end, so that the calculated droplet deposition amount deposited on the droplet receiving module is sent to the data transmission module through the data transmission module, and the data transmission module stores received data to a far-end computer.
To further illustrate the feasibility of the droplet deposition and evaporation rate detection apparatus provided by the invention, the following examples are provided for illustration:
inputting the voltage value of the voltage sourceV CC Set to 5V, the resistance of the sensing module 2 is 21kΩ when no elastic deformation occurs, i.e. no fog drops are settled, so the reference resistance is determinedR x Also set to 21kΩ, where the length of the sensor module 2 may be set to 4.56cm and the width to 0.25cm.
When no fog drops are settled, the obtained detection voltage value is 2.5V.
By outputting the detection voltage value to a relation model of the resistance value and the deposition amount, the deposition amount of the fog drops can be obtained:
the experiment is carried out by adopting a conventional spray boom sprayer, the spray boom is provided with LU120-015 nozzle, the running speed of the sprayer is set to be 2m/s, and the application amount is 12L/mu.
The fog drop deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device provided by the invention and the culture dish with the diameter of 5cm are respectively used for comparison detection.
The device for detecting the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops provided by the invention is started before the spraying starts, and the deposition amount of the fog drops is monitored and recorded on line. The petri dish was placed on an electronic balance with an accuracy of ten-thousandth, and the mass of the petri dish before and after the collection of the mist drops was measured. According to the above arrangement, 5 repeated tests were simultaneously performed.
Further, the mist deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device and the culture dish provided by the invention are placed in an environment-accurate and adjustable wind tunnel, the temperature in the wind tunnel is set to be 32 ℃, the humidity is set to be 35%, and the wind speed of the wind tunnel is set to be 2m/s. For the mass deposited in the petri dish, the electronic balance records the values once every 30 seconds; the device for detecting the deposition amount and the evaporation rate of the fog drops provided by the invention is used for continuous on-line monitoring. The evaporation test time was set to 17 minutes.
The measured mist deposition amount was divided by the area of the dish bottom surface and the area of the mist receiving module 1, and the deposition amount per unit area was calculated, respectively. The measurement results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 System measurement results vs. Petri dish weighing results
Compared with the weighing result of the culture dish, the deposition mass error measured by the invention is not more than 2.0%, and the spray measurement requirement of the plant protection machinery is fully met.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the length of the spray boom and the deposition quality per unit area, and as shown in fig. 8, the uniformity of the deposition distribution of the droplets can be analyzed by simultaneously using 13 droplet deposition amount and evaporation rate detection devices provided by the invention to obtain the distribution of the droplet deposition amount in the spray boom in the spreading direction.
In the above examples, evaporation characteristics of settled mist droplets of the liquid medicine sprayed by the sprayer were measured by 2 methods, respectively.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between the detection result of the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets provided by the present invention and the detection result of the deposition amount of droplets performed by using a culture dish, and as shown in fig. 9, the change curve of the deposition amount of droplets measured by using the detection device of the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets provided by the present invention is substantially identical to the change curve obtained by using the weighing method of the conventional culture dish, and only because the bottom area of the culture dish is relatively large, the evaporation rate of droplets is relatively high. The fog drop deposition amount and the evaporation rate measured by the detection device and the culture dish weighing method are respectively 0.49mg/min and 0.51mg/min.
Through the comparison experiment, the feasibility of the fog drop deposition and evaporation rate detection device provided by the invention is fully demonstrated, and the difference between the measurement accuracy and the result detected by adopting the existing culture dish weighing method is very small, so that the spray measurement requirement of plant protection machinery can be met.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the embodiments or some parts of the described embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of mist droplets is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a sensing module, a fog drop receiving module, a detection circuit and a microprocessor;
the sensing module comprises a strip-shaped flexible substrate, and a conductive layer is coated on the surface of at least one side of the flexible substrate;
the fog drop receiving module is arranged at one end of the sensing module; after the mist receiving module receives mist drops in spraying operation, the flexible substrate coated with the conductive layer is elastically deformed;
the detection circuit is used for detecting the electrical parameters of the sensing module after elastic deformation;
and the microprocessor is used for calculating the deposition amount of the fog drops deposited on the fog drop receiving module according to the electrical parameters and calculating the evaporation rate of the fog drops according to the deposition amount of the fog drops.
2. The device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate is a strip-shaped substrate made of a flexible phenolic resin, and the conductive layer is a conductive ink layer;
the conductive ink layer is coated on at least one face of the strip-shaped substrate;
the two detection ends of the detection circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the conductive ink layers at the two ends of the strip-shaped substrate;
after the strip-shaped substrate is elastically deformed, the resistance value of the conductive ink layer is increased.
3. The apparatus for detecting a deposition amount and an evaporation rate of droplets according to claim 2, wherein the aspect ratio of the strip-shaped substrate is determined based on the following model:
wherein ,Lfor the length of the strip-shaped substrate,Kto be wide of the band-shaped substrate,wfor the vertical displacement of the strip-shaped substrate,Eas the modulus of elasticity of the tape substrate,Gfor the thickness of the strip-shaped substrate,Mand the fogdrop load mass of the fogdrop receiving module is as follows.
4. The apparatus for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets according to claim 2, wherein the detection circuit comprises a reference resistor, a voltage input source, and a comparator; one end of the reference resistor is grounded, and the other end of the reference resistor is connected with the conductive ink layer at one end of the strip-shaped substrate; a conductive ink layer at the other end of the strip-shaped substrate is connected with the voltage input source and is connected to a first input end of the comparator; the second input end of the comparator is short-circuited with the output end of the comparator;
the electrical parameter is the voltage applied by the voltage input source to the reference resistor.
5. The device for detecting a deposition amount and an evaporation rate of droplets according to claim 4, wherein a resistance value of the reference resistor is equal to a resistance value of the conductive ink layer when the strip-shaped substrate is not elastically deformed.
6. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the microprocessor calculates the amount of droplet deposition on the droplet receiving module based on the electrical parameter, comprising:
calculating the resistance of the conductive ink layer according to the electrical parameter, the voltage value of the voltage input source and the resistance of the reference resistor;
inputting the resistance value of the conductive ink layer into a relation model of the resistance value and the deposition amount, and obtaining the deposition amount of the fog drops deposited on the fog drop receiving module;
the relation model of the resistance and the deposition amount is predetermined based on historical test data of the fog drop deposition amount and evaporation rate detection device.
7. The device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets according to claim 1, wherein the droplet receiving module is a needle-shaped mylar card;
a rail is provided at an edge of the droplet receiving module.
8. The device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the droplet receiving module for receiving droplets during the spraying operation is configured as a honeycomb mesh surface;
each mesh of the honeycomb mesh surface is a regular hexagon hole, and the diameter of the regular hexagon hole is smaller than the maximum wetting length of the fog drops.
9. The apparatus for detecting a deposition amount and an evaporation rate of mist droplets according to claim 8, wherein the maximum wetting length of the mist droplets is calculated based on the following formula:
wherein ,W e is that the number of the Weber's number,R e in order to achieve a reynolds number,d max for the maximum wet-out length,
is mist drop diameter>
Is mist droplet dimensionless diameter +.>
Is mist density>
Is fog drop movement speed +.>
Is fog drop surface tension>
The viscosity of the spray drops is the viscosity of the spray drops,
the predictive function is retained for the droplets.
10. The device for detecting the deposition amount and evaporation rate of droplets according to claim 1, further comprising a data transmission module;
the data transmission module is in communication connection with the data receiving module arranged at the far end so as to send the calculated droplet deposition amount deposited on the droplet receiving module to the data transmission module through the data transmission module;
the data transmission module stores the received data to a remote computer.
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