CN116288877A - Reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns and weaving method thereof - Google Patents
Reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns and weaving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 360
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 17
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
- D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
- D03D13/002—With diagonal warps or wefts
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Abstract
The invention relates to a reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns, which comprises a horizontal plate fabric area, a vertical plate fabric area and a bottom plate fabric area, wherein all three areas comprise binding warp yarns, lining warp yarns, weft yarns and the oblique yarns; the three areas are connected with each other by a yarn reserving method; in the connecting area of the horizontal plate fabric area and the vertical plate fabric area, weft yarns and oblique yarns are vertically turned from the horizontal plate fabric area to the vertical plate fabric area by taking the warp-in direction as a normal direction; in the connecting area of the bottom plate fabric area and the vertical plate fabric area, weft yarns vertically turn from the bottom plate fabric area to the vertical plate fabric area along the warp yarn lining direction; all yarns are integrally woven by binding the binder warp yarns together; the invention also discloses a weaving method for weaving the structure. The fabric structure of the invention improves the shearing performance in the structural surface of the prefabricated fabric structure due to the introduction of the oblique yarns; and the designability of the reinforced groove-shaped structure fabric is improved due to the adoption of a reserved yarn process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of integral molding preparation of special-shaped piece three-dimensional fabrics, and particularly relates to a reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns and a weaving method thereof.
Background
The composite material is the most important aerospace material other than aluminum, and since the composite material has the advantage of being lightweight, the share of civil aircraft structural weight is more than 15% and the share of helicopter and fighter aircraft structural weight is more than 50% in the last decades. Currently, in the aerospace field, two types of composite materials are mainly used, namely laminated composite materials and woven composite materials, and with the increasing application level of the composite materials and the increasing design requirements of an airplane, the woven composite materials are gradually favored materials in the aerospace field, such as airplane fan blades and airplane aileron structures.
In aircraft aileron structures, the joint region is subjected to high torsional and shear loads in addition to tensile and bending loads. In existing woven composite aircraft aileron structures, the woven preform has poor ability to carry torsion and shear loads due to the presence of only warp and weft inlay yarns and binder yarns. To solve this problem, it is common practice to add beam structures by bolts in the structure, but this approach results in two problems: firstly, because bolts are required to be added and holes are required to be drilled on the structure, stress concentration is formed near the holes of the structure, and the tensile strength of the structure is reduced; second, the addition of the beam structure increases the weight of the overall wing structure, reducing fatigue reliability. Thus, increasing torsional and shear strength, maintaining tensile and flexural strength from the standpoint of the wing preform, is an important point of research by composite structural engineers and aircraft designers today.
As shown in fig. 1, the existing aircraft aileron structure can be regarded as a parallel splice body with a plurality of reinforced groove structures, so that the research on the prefabricated member with the parallel I-shaped woven structure with higher torsion and shearing strength and the weaving method thereof has remarkable engineering practical value. The existing three-dimensional woven preform comprises two yarn systems, a binder warp system and a weft system, which are arranged in the forming direction of the fabric to form an overall non-layered three-dimensional structure by bending through several layers of weft yarns and binding the straightened weft yarns together. A straightened warp-in system may be incorporated into a typical three-dimensional woven preform structure to form a preform structure comprising a three-yarn system that may significantly enhance the warp-direction properties of the material. However, conventional three-dimensional woven composite in-plane yarns are distributed along the length and width directions, and the material properties have significant anisotropy, i.e., high properties along both main directions of the material, while in-plane shear properties are low.
In paper Experimental and numerical study of in-plane shear properties and failure process of multiaxial 3D angle-interlock woven composites researchers compared the in-plane shear performance of multi-layer multidirectional woven composites (MAWC) with layerwise three-dimensional woven composites (3 DAWC) containing bias yarns. The results show that MAWC exhibits quasi-isotropy in-plane due to the presence of fibers oriented at + -45 deg., has a distinct peak, a maximum load of 9.6kN, a failure displacement of 1.4mm, a failure displacement of 1.2mm for 3DAWC, and a maximum load of only 3.8kN, much lower than the former, i.e., the shear strength and in-plane shear modulus of MAWC are 2.4 times and 3 times that of 3DAWC, respectively. Yarns in the + -45 deg. direction enhance MAWC compared to 3DAWC, thereby increasing the in-plane shear deformation resistance of the material, exhibiting greater in-plane shear strength.
In the paper Multiaxis 3D Woven Preform and Properties of Multiaxis 3DWoven and 3D Orthogonal Woven Carbon/Epoxy Composites, researchers performed in-plane shear tests on MAWC and 3 DAWC. The results showed that the in-plane shear strength and elastic modulus of MAWC and 3DAWC were 137.7MPa and 110.9MPa, 12.1GPa and 4.5GPa, respectively. As the oblique yarns are added on the surface of the MAWC, the in-plane shear strength and the in-plane shear modulus of the MAWC are improved by nearly 25% and 170% compared with 3 DAWC. These test results show that the bias yarn has a great enhancement to the in-plane performance of the woven structure. Therefore, newly developed MAWC is more promising than the conventional 3 DAWC.
The invention patent with the application number of CN201710043152.3 and the publication number of CN106939462A, named as a weaving method of a multi-layer multi-directional fabric, discloses a weaving method of the multi-layer multi-directional fabric, and comprises the following steps: (i) a body yarn arrangement; (ii) a bias yarn arrangement; (iii) bias yarn movement; (iv) normal yarn introduction; (v) weft insertion; (vi) compacting the yarn; (vii) Repeating said steps (iii) - (vi) to obtain a target length of fabric to obtain a multi-layer multidirectional fabric. The multi-layer multidirectional fabric is a novel three-dimensional fabric which is rapidly developed in recent years, has the characteristics of designable in-plane fiber orientation, continuous penetration of interlaminar fibers, integral fabric structure and the like, and is an ideal reinforcing structural phase of resin-based, ceramic-based and carbon-based composite materials. Although the weaving method of the invention can weave multi-layer multidirectional fabrics containing oblique yarns, the method cannot be used for weaving three-dimensional fabrics of reinforced groove-shaped irregular pieces.
The reasons are as follows:
(1) In the invention, only two side strips of oblique yarns can be adopted and distributed on the left side and the right side of the fabric, and the side strips are respectively used for arranging the +theta oblique yarns and the-theta oblique yarns, so that the weaving of the reinforced groove-shaped prefabricated fabric comprising a plurality of groups of oblique yarns and a plurality of fabric areas can not be satisfied.
(2) In the weaving process of the oblique yarns, the +/-theta oblique yarns move leftwards and rightwards along the rows, and the corresponding left side edge strips and the right side edge strips need to move upwards and downwards along the columns, so that the oblique yarns can only do unidirectional movement in a single plane, the movement track of the yarns is limited, the continuous weaving of the yarns in fabric areas in different directions is limited, and the weaving machine is only suitable for weaving of flat fabrics and cannot be suitable for weaving of three-dimensional fabrics.
(3) In the method, the left side bar and the right side bar need to move along the column direction at the same time, the number of the moving spindle positions is determined by the number of the interval layers between the same group of +theta inclined yarn layers and the same group of-theta inclined yarn layers, the number of the interval layers between each two groups of +theta inclined yarn layers and the same group of-theta inclined yarn layers is required to be the same, the designability of the multi-layer multi-directional fabric layering structure is limited, and the requirement of the in-plane shearing resistance of the reinforced groove-shaped fabric prefabricated composite material cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns and a weaving method thereof, which aim to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The invention comprises the following technical scheme:
a reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns comprises a horizontal plate fabric area 1, a vertical plate fabric area 2 and a bottom plate fabric area 3; wherein the horizontal plate fabric area 1 is divided into an upper horizontal plate fabric area 11 and a lower horizontal plate fabric area 12; the upper horizontal plate fabric area 11 is divided into an upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111 and an upper horizontal plate split fabric area 112; the lower horizontal plate fabric area 12 is divided into a lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and a lower horizontal plate split fabric area 122; the vertical plate fabric area 2 is divided into a left vertical plate fabric area 21 and a right vertical plate fabric area 22;
the vertical plate fabric area 2 is arranged between the upper horizontal plate fabric area 11 and the lower horizontal plate fabric area 12, and the bottom plate fabric area 3 is connected to the rear end surface of the combination of the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2; the horizontal plate fabric area 1, the vertical plate fabric area 2 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 all comprise binding warp yarns 4, lining warp yarns 5, weft yarns 6 and oblique yarns 7;
in the region where the base fabric section 3 and the vertical plate fabric section 2 are connected, the weft yarn 6 turns vertically from the base fabric section 3 to the vertical plate fabric section 2 in the direction of the in-lay warp yarn 5; in the area where the horizontal plate fabric area 1 is connected with the vertical plate fabric area 2, the weft yarn 6 and the diagonal yarn 7 are respectively vertically turned from the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area 122 to the left vertical plate fabric area 21 and the right vertical plate fabric area 22 by taking the direction of the warp yarn 5 as a normal direction.
Further, the upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric region 112 and the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric region 122 are connected with the vertical plate fabric region 2 by a method of reserving yarns; the base fabric section 3 is connected to the vertical plate fabric section 2 by a method of reserving yarns.
Further, the bias yarn 7 includes a +θ bias yarn 71 and a- θ bias yarn 72; the +θ bias yarns 71 and the- θ bias yarns 72 are each in a group and woven with different weaving origins, respectively.
Further, the arrangement of the oblique yarns 7 in the upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area 112, the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area 122 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 is divided into A, B, C areas, two groups of oblique yarns of +θ oblique yarns 71 and- θ oblique yarns 72 are arranged in each area, and the weaving starting point of each group of oblique yarns is provided with a strake 8.
A method of weaving a ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, monolithic fabric comprising bias yarns, comprising the steps of:
s1: initial yarn arrangement of the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; the initial arrangement of the opposite binding warp yarns 4 and the lining warp yarns 5 in the horizontal plate fabric area 1, the vertical plate fabric area 2 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 respectively; initial alignment of the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns 7 in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric region 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric region 121, and the bottom plate fabric region 3, respectively; initial alignment of the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns 7 in the three regions A, B, C, respectively;
s2: the opening movement of the binder warp yarn 4 in the ribbed grooved three-dimensional monolithic structure; the opening motion of the binding warp yarn 4 in the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 is included, and the motion directions of the binding warp yarn 4 in the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the motion direction of the binding warp yarn 4 in the bottom plate fabric area 3; the direction of motion of the binder warp yarns 4 in the flat fabric zone 1, vertical plate fabric zone 2 and bottom plate fabric zone 3 is parallel to the direction of the binder warp yarns 5 in that zone;
s3: weaving motion of the oblique yarns 7 in the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure;
s4: weft yarns 6 are introduced into the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure;
s5: compressing the weft yarn 6; the weft yarn 6 is pressed towards the direction of the warp-in yarn 5 by a weft pressing device, and the movement of the yarn in the normal plane of the warp-in yarn 5 in the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure is restrained.
Further, the step S1 includes the following steps:
s1-1: arranging the spindles of the binding warp yarns 4 on guide bars of the binding warp yarns 4, wherein the spindle arrangement of the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the spindle arrangement of the vertical plate fabric area 2 are in a reinforced groove shape, and the spindle arrangement directions in the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the spindle arrangement direction in the vertical plate fabric area 2 are mutually perpendicular; the spindles of the base fabric section 3 are aligned in the direction of the weft yarns 6.
S1-2: the edge yarns of the oblique yarns 7 are respectively arranged in the upper horizontal plate flat fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate flat fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 in an initial manner;
s1-3: initially arranging the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns 7 in the region a; the left side edge of the area A is provided with an edge strip 8 of an oblique yarn 7 at the upper and lower parts, and 1 +theta oblique yarn 71 and-theta oblique yarn 72 are respectively arranged on the spindle of the yarn at the left side edge of the area A;
s1-4: initially arranging the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns 7 in the region B; the left side edge of the B area is provided with an edge strip 8 of an oblique yarn 7 at the upper and lower parts, and 1-theta angle oblique yarn 72 and +theta angle oblique yarn 71 are respectively arranged on a spindle of the left side edge yarn of the B area;
s1-5: initially arranging the edge yarns of the bias yarns 7 in the region C; the upper and lower right side edges of the C area are respectively provided with an edge strip 8 of an oblique yarn 7, and 1-theta oblique yarn 72 and +theta oblique yarn 71 are respectively arranged on the spindle of the right side edge yarn of the C area.
Further, the motion direction of the binding warp yarn 4 in the S2 in the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 is the z-axis direction; the binding warp yarn 4 moves in the y-axis direction in the base fabric region 3.
Further, the step S3 includes the following steps:
s3-1: the diagonal yarns 7 perform weaving motions in the upper horizontal plate flat fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate flat fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3;
s3-2: the diagonal yarn 7 performs weaving movement in the area a; wherein, the spindle of the oblique yarn 7 is divided into two groups, wherein, the +theta angle oblique yarn 71 which starts from the upper left side of the A area is taken as one group, and the-theta angle oblique yarn 72 which starts from the lower left side of the A area is taken as the other group; when the +θ angular yarn 71 starting from the upper left side of the a region moves one step distance to the right front, the- θ angular yarn 72 starting from the lower left side of the a region moves one step distance to the right rear; when the +θ bias yarn 71 and the- θ bias yarn 72 move to the vertical corner regions of the reinforced groove-like three-dimensional integral structure, continuing to move downward and upward and forward, respectively;
s3-3: the diagonal yarn 7 performs weaving movement in the region B; wherein, the spindle of the oblique yarn 7 is divided into two groups, namely, a group of the-theta oblique yarns 72 starting from the upper left side of the B area is taken as one group, and the +theta oblique yarns 71 starting from the lower left side of the B area is taken as the other group; the +θ bias yarn 71 from the left side of the B region moves upward and backward by one step distance when the- θ bias yarn 72 from the left side of the B region moves downward and forward by one step distance, and the +θ bias yarn 72 and the +θ bias yarn 71 start to move forward and backward and forward and to the right respectively when they move to the vertical corner region of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; when the-theta bias yarn 72 and the + theta bias yarn 71 again move to the vertical corner regions of the ribbed grooved three-dimensional monolithic structure, continuing to move upward front and downward back, respectively;
s3-4: the diagonal yarn 7 performs weaving movement in the region C; wherein the spindles of the oblique yarns 7 are divided into two groups, one group of the-theta oblique yarns 72 starting from the upper right side of the C area and the other group of the +theta oblique yarns 71 starting from the lower right side of the C area; the +θ bias yarn 71 from the lower right side of the C region moves one step to the left and back when the- θ bias yarn 72 from the upper right side of the C region moves one step to the left and front, and the downward and upward movement is continued when the- θ bias yarn 72 and the +θ bias yarn 71 move to the vertical corner region of the reinforced groove-like three-dimensional integral structure, respectively.
Further, the step S4 includes the following steps:
s4-1: weft yarns 6 are introduced into the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3;
s4-2: weft yarns 6 are introduced into the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric region 112, the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric region 122 and the vertical plate fabric region 2; when the weft yarn 6 moves to the connecting area of the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2, the weft yarn 5 is taken as a normal direction, and the weft yarn is vertically turned from the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area 122 to the vertical plate fabric area 2 until the fabric edge.
Further, in S4, when the weft yarn 6 moves to the connection area of the bottom fabric section 3 and the vertical plate fabric section 2, the weft yarn 6 is turned vertically from the bottom fabric section 3 to the vertical plate fabric section 2 in the direction of the inlay warp yarn 5.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. compared with the flat plate prefabricated fabric, the invention provides the ribbed groove-shaped structure prefabricated fabric with the bottom plate, which is suitable for ribbed groove-shaped composite structural members, improves the structural integrity of the composite material by additionally arranging the fabric area of the bottom plate, can reduce the number of parts, reduces the assembly cost while realizing weight reduction, and is particularly suitable for an aircraft aileron structure.
2. Compared with a special-shaped piece three-dimensional fabric without oblique yarns, the special-shaped piece three-dimensional fabric comprises the oblique yarns, improves the in-plane performance, particularly the in-plane shearing performance, of the reinforced groove-shaped structure by arranging a plurality of groups of oblique yarns with different weaving starting points, and has higher structural integrity, damage tolerance, better fracture toughness and better delamination resistance in structural member application in the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like.
3. According to the invention, the arrangement of the oblique yarns in the upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area, the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area and the vertical plate fabric area is divided into A, B, C areas, two groups of the oblique yarns are arranged in each area, each group of the oblique yarns is provided with a weaving starting point and a strake, so that continuous weaving of the oblique yarns in the fabric areas in different directions in the three-dimensional fabric is realized, the distribution mode, the distribution range and the movement track of the oblique yarns in the three-dimensional fabric are greatly enriched, and the torsional and shearing strength of the three-dimensional fabric is improved while the stretching and bending strength of the fabric are maintained.
4. Compared with the multi-layer multidirectional fabric containing the oblique yarns and the weaving method thereof, the invention uses the process of reserving the yarns, in particular to the process of reserving the oblique yarns, thereby improving the designability of the fabric containing the oblique yarns, improving the durability of the fabric and having good engineering application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a typical aircraft aileron structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the ribbed channel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the warp direction of the ribbed channel structure of the present invention without bias yarns;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the weft direction of the ribbed channel structure of the present invention without the diagonal yarns;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of weft yarns and bias yarns in the left vertical plate fabric zone of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of weft yarns in the fabric area of the base plate of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of diagonal yarns in the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric zone, the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric zone and the vertical plate fabric zone of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional schematic representation of the arrangement of diagonal yarns in the upper horizontal plate split fabric zone, lower horizontal plate split fabric zone and vertical plate fabric zone of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the spindle arrangement of the binder warp yarn of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a horizontal plate fabric area; 11 is the upper horizontal plate fabric area; 111 is the upper horizontal plate flat fabric area; 112 is the upper horizontal plate split fabric area; 12 is the lower horizontal plate fabric area; 121 is the lower horizontal plate flat fabric area; 122 is a lower horizontal plate split fabric zone;
2 is a vertical plate fabric area; 21 is the left vertical plate fabric area; 22 is the right vertical plate fabric section;
3 is a base fabric area; 4 is the binding warp; 5 is an interlining yarn; 6 is weft yarn;
7 is an oblique yarn; 71 is a +θ angular yarn; 72 is a-theta bias yarn; 8 is a side bar.
Detailed Description
In order to further disclose the inventive aspects, features and advantages of the present invention, the following examples are set forth in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples: referring to fig. 2-8, a reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns comprises a horizontal plate fabric area 1, a vertical plate fabric area 2 and a bottom plate fabric area 3; wherein the horizontal plate fabric area 1 is divided into an upper horizontal plate fabric area 11 and a lower horizontal plate fabric area 12; the upper horizontal plate fabric area 11 is divided into an upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111 and an upper horizontal plate split fabric area 112; the lower horizontal plate fabric area 12 is divided into a lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and a lower horizontal plate split fabric area 122; the vertical plate fabric area 2 is divided into a left vertical plate fabric area 21 and a right vertical plate fabric area 22;
the vertical plate fabric area 2 is arranged between the upper horizontal plate fabric area 11 and the lower horizontal plate fabric area 12, and the bottom plate fabric area 3 is connected to the rear end surface of the combination of the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2; the horizontal plate fabric area 1, the vertical plate fabric area 2 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 all comprise binding warp yarns 4, lining warp yarns 5, weft yarns 6 and oblique yarns 7;
as shown in fig. 4 to 6, in the region where the bottom fabric section 3 and the vertical plate fabric section 2 are connected, the weft yarn 6 turns vertically from the bottom fabric section 3 to the vertical plate fabric section 2 in the direction of the inlay warp yarn 5; in the area where the horizontal plate fabric area 1 is connected with the vertical plate fabric area 2, the weft yarn 6 and the diagonal yarn 7 are respectively vertically turned from the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area 122 to the left vertical plate fabric area 21 and the right vertical plate fabric area 22 by taking the direction of the warp yarn 5 as a normal direction.
The upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area 122 are connected with the vertical plate fabric area 2 by a yarn reserving method; the base fabric section 3 is connected to the vertical plate fabric section 2 by a method of reserving yarns.
As shown in fig. 7 to 8, the bias yarn 7 includes a +θ bias yarn 71 and a- θ bias yarn 72; the +θ bias yarns 71 and the- θ bias yarns 72 are each in a group and woven with different weaving origins, respectively. The arrangement of the oblique yarns 7 in the upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area 112, the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area 122 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 is divided into A, B, C areas, two groups of oblique yarns of +θ angle oblique yarns 71 and- θ angle oblique yarns 72 are arranged in each area, and the weaving starting point of each group of oblique yarns is provided with an edge strip 8.
All yarns are bound together by the binder warp yarns 4 to be integrally woven.
Following the description of the pre-woven structure above, the following fabric parameters were set:
1) The ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure prefabricated fabric with the integral length of 400mm, the width of 150mm and the thickness of 200 mm.
2) The binding warp yarn 4 is formed by 6k carbon fiber single ply, and the interlining warp yarn 5, the weft yarn 6 and the oblique yarn 7 are formed by 12k carbon fiber two ply; the lining warp yarn 5 (indicated by 90), the weft yarn 6 (indicated by 0), the +θ angular yarn 71 (indicated by +θ) and the- θ angular yarn 72 (indicated by- θ) are arranged in the thickness direction of the horizontal woven fabric zone 1 in the arrangement pattern of [0/+45/90/-45/0/+45/90/0], and in the thickness direction of the vertical woven fabric zone 2 in the arrangement pattern of [ 0/-45/90/0/90/+45/0/+45/90/0/-45/0 ]; the arrangement mode designed in the thickness direction of the base fabric area 3 is [0/+45/90/-45/0];
3) The binder warp yarn 4 and the inlay warp yarn 5 have an arrangement density of 4 per cm and the weft yarn 6 has an arrangement density of 4 per cm.
4) Column number n=fabric length x warp density=400/10×4=160 columns of binder warp yarn 4; the number of layers m=4 of binder warp yarn 4.
5) The number of columns n '=160 of binder warp yarns 4 of the inlay warp yarn 5, and the number of layers m' =4 of the inlay warp yarn 5.
6) The number of columns n "of diagonal yarns 7=the number of columns of warp yarns n=160 columns; the diagonal yarn layer number m "=6 layers.
7) The inclination angle θ=45° of the oblique yarns of the horizontal plate fabric area 1, the inclination angle θ' =45° of the oblique yarns of the vertical plate fabric area 2, and the inclination angle θ "=45° of the oblique yarns of the bottom plate fabric area 3.
According to the description and parameter settings of the above-mentioned reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure prefabricated fabric, the weaving method of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: initial yarn arrangement of the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; the initial arrangement of the opposite binding warp yarns 4 and the lining warp yarns 5 in the horizontal plate fabric area 1, the vertical plate fabric area 2 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 respectively; initial alignment of the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns 7 in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric region 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric region 121, and the bottom plate fabric region 3, respectively; initial alignment of the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns 7 in the three regions A, B, C, respectively; in particular, the method comprises the steps of,
s1-1: arranging the spindle of the binding warp yarn 4 on the guide bar of the binding warp yarn 4, wherein as shown in fig. 9, the spindle arrangement of the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 takes the shape of a reinforced groove, and the spindle arrangement directions in the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 are mutually perpendicular; the spindles of the base fabric zone 3 are aligned in the direction of the weft yarns 6;
s1-2: the edge yarns of the oblique yarns 7 are respectively arranged in the upper horizontal plate flat fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate flat fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 in an initial manner;
s1-3: initially arranging the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns 7 in the region a; the left side edge of the area A is provided with an edge strip 8 of an oblique yarn 7 at the upper and lower parts, and 1 +theta oblique yarn 71 and-theta oblique yarn 72 are respectively arranged on the spindle of the yarn at the left side edge of the area A;
s1-4: initially arranging the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns 7 in the region B; the left side edge of the B area is provided with an edge strip 8 of an oblique yarn 7 at the upper and lower parts, and 1-theta angle oblique yarn 72 and +theta angle oblique yarn 71 are respectively arranged on a spindle of the left side edge yarn of the B area;
s1-5: initially arranging the edge yarns of the bias yarns 7 in the region C; the upper and lower right side edges of the C area are respectively provided with an edge strip 8 of an oblique yarn 7, and 1-theta oblique yarn 72 and +theta oblique yarn 71 are respectively arranged on the spindle of the right side edge yarn of the C area.
S2: the opening movement of the binder warp yarn 4 in the ribbed grooved three-dimensional monolithic structure; the opening motion of the binding warp yarn 4 in the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 is included, and the motion directions of the binding warp yarn 4 in the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the motion direction of the binding warp yarn 4 in the bottom plate fabric area 3; the direction of motion of the binder warp yarns 4 in the flat fabric zone 1, vertical plate fabric zone 2 and bottom plate fabric zone 3 is parallel to the direction of the binder warp yarns 5 in that zone; the motion direction of the binding warp yarn 4 in the S2 in the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 is the z-axis direction; the binding warp yarn 4 moves in the y-axis direction in the base fabric region 3.
S3: weaving motion of the oblique yarns 7 in the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; in particular, the method comprises the steps of,
s3-1: the diagonal yarns 7 perform weaving motions in the upper horizontal plate flat fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate flat fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3;
s3-2: the diagonal yarn 7 performs weaving movement in the area a; wherein, the spindle of the oblique yarn 7 is divided into two groups, wherein, the +theta angle oblique yarn 71 which starts from the upper left side of the A area is taken as one group, and the-theta angle oblique yarn 72 which starts from the lower left side of the A area is taken as the other group; when the +θ angular yarn 71 starting from the upper left side of the a region moves one step distance to the right front, the- θ angular yarn 72 starting from the lower left side of the a region moves one step distance to the right rear; when the +θ bias yarn 71 and the- θ bias yarn 72 move to the vertical corner regions of the reinforced groove-like three-dimensional integral structure, continuing to move downward and upward and forward, respectively;
s3-3: the diagonal yarn 7 performs weaving movement in the region B; wherein, the spindle of the oblique yarn 7 is divided into two groups, namely, a group of the-theta oblique yarns 72 starting from the upper left side of the B area is taken as one group, and the +theta oblique yarns 71 starting from the lower left side of the B area is taken as the other group; the +θ bias yarn 71 from the left side of the B region moves upward and backward by one step distance when the- θ bias yarn 72 from the left side of the B region moves downward and forward by one step distance, and the +θ bias yarn 72 and the +θ bias yarn 71 start to move forward and backward and forward and to the right respectively when they move to the vertical corner region of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; when the-theta bias yarn 72 and the + theta bias yarn 71 again move to the vertical corner regions of the ribbed grooved three-dimensional monolithic structure, continuing to move upward front and downward back, respectively;
s3-4: the diagonal yarn 7 performs weaving movement in the region C; wherein the spindles of the oblique yarns 7 are divided into two groups, one group of the-theta oblique yarns 72 starting from the upper right side of the C area and the other group of the +theta oblique yarns 71 starting from the lower right side of the C area; the +θ bias yarn 71 from the lower right side of the C region moves one step to the left and back when the- θ bias yarn 72 from the upper right side of the C region moves one step to the left and front, and the downward and upward movement is continued when the- θ bias yarn 72 and the +θ bias yarn 71 move to the vertical corner region of the reinforced groove-like three-dimensional integral structure, respectively.
S4: weft yarns 6 are introduced into the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; in particular, the method comprises the steps of,
s4-1: weft yarns 6 are introduced into the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3;
s4-2: weft yarns 6 are introduced into the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric region 112, the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric region 122 and the vertical plate fabric region 2; when the weft yarn 6 moves to the connecting area of the horizontal plate fabric area 1 and the vertical plate fabric area 2, the weft yarn 5 is taken as a normal direction, and the weft yarn is vertically turned from the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area 122 to the vertical plate fabric area 2 until the fabric edge.
In S4, when weft yarn 6 moves to the area where base fabric section 3 is connected to vertical plate fabric section 2, weft yarn 6 turns vertically from base fabric section 3 to vertical plate fabric section 2 in the direction of warp yarn 5.
S5: compressing the weft yarn 6; the weft yarn 6 is pressed towards the direction of the warp-in yarn 5 by a weft pressing device, and the movement of the yarn in the normal plane of the warp-in yarn 5 in the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure is restrained.
In addition to the above, the change of the angle θ of the bias yarn 7 can be achieved by changing the arrangement density of the binder warp yarn 4, the inlay warp yarn 5 and the weft yarn 6, or by changing the stepping motion of the bias yarn 7 and the matching of the inserted weft yarn 6, or by mixing the two methods.
In addition to the above, the changing of the stepping movement of the bias yarn 7 and the fitting of the inserted weft yarn 6 means increasing the angle θ of the bias yarn 7 by increasing the number of steps of movement of the bias yarn 7 or decreasing the number of times of inserting the weft yarn 6.
As a supplement to the above, the horizontal plate fabric area 1, the vertical plate fabric area 2 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 can be designed into fabric structures with different yarn layers, different yarn layer positions, different inclined yarn 7 angles theta and the like so as to meet the requirements of different mechanical properties.
As a supplement, the geometric size and the mesoscopic parameter of the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure need to be set according to engineering project requirements.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims. All of which are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, unitary fabric comprising bias yarns, characterized by: comprises three parts of a horizontal plate fabric area (1), a vertical plate fabric area (2) and a bottom plate fabric area (3); wherein the horizontal plate fabric area (1) is divided into an upper horizontal plate fabric area (11) and a lower horizontal plate fabric area (12); the upper horizontal plate fabric area (11) is divided into an upper horizontal plate straight fabric area (111) and an upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area (112); the lower horizontal plate fabric area (12) is divided into a lower horizontal plate straight fabric area (121) and a lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area (122); the vertical plate fabric area (2) is divided into a left vertical plate fabric area (21) and a right vertical plate fabric area (22);
the vertical plate fabric area (2) is arranged between the upper horizontal plate fabric area (11) and the lower horizontal plate fabric area (12), and the bottom plate fabric area (3) is connected to the rear end face of the combination of the horizontal plate fabric area (1) and the vertical plate fabric area (2); the horizontal plate fabric area (1), the vertical plate fabric area (2) and the bottom plate fabric area (3) comprise binding warp yarns (4), interlining warp yarns (5), weft yarns (6) and oblique yarns (7);
in the region where the base fabric region (3) and the vertical plate fabric region (2) are connected, the weft yarn (6) turns perpendicularly from the base fabric region (3) to the vertical plate fabric region (2) in the direction of the inlay warp yarn (5); in the area where the horizontal plate fabric area (1) is connected with the vertical plate fabric area (2), the weft yarn (6) and the oblique yarn (7) are respectively vertically turned from the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area (112) and the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area (122) to the left vertical plate fabric area (21) and the right vertical plate fabric area (22) by taking the direction of the interlining yarn (5) as a normal direction.
2. A ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, unitary fabric comprising diagonal yarns as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area (112) and the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area (122) are connected with the vertical plate fabric area (2) through a yarn reserving method; the base fabric area (3) is connected with the vertical plate fabric area (2) by a yarn reserving method.
3. A ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, unitary fabric comprising diagonal yarns as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the bias yarn (7) includes +θ bias yarn (71) and- θ bias yarn (72); the +θ angular yarn (71) and the- θ angular yarn (72) are each in a group and woven with different weaving starting points.
4. A ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, monolithic fabric comprising bias yarns as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the arrangement of the oblique yarns (7) in the upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area (112), the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area (122) and the vertical plate fabric area (2) is divided into A, B, C areas, two groups of oblique yarns of +theta angle oblique yarns (71) and-theta angle oblique yarns (72) are arranged in each area, and one strake (8) is arranged at the weaving starting point of each group of oblique yarns.
5. A method of weaving a ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, monolithic fabric comprising bias yarns, the woven fabric of claim 4, comprising the steps of:
s1: initial yarn arrangement of the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; comprises an initial arrangement of butt-joint warp yarns (4) and interlining warp yarns (5) in a horizontal plate fabric area (1), a vertical plate fabric area (2) and a bottom plate fabric area (3) respectively; initial arrangement of edge yarns of the diagonal yarns (7) in an upper horizontal plate flat fabric area (111), a lower horizontal plate flat fabric area (121) and a bottom plate fabric area (3) respectively; the edge yarns of the diagonal yarns (7) are initially arranged in the three areas A, B, C respectively;
s2: the opening movement of the binding warp yarns (4) in the ribbed grooved three-dimensional monolithic structure; the warp knitting machine comprises opening movements in a horizontal plate fabric area (1), a vertical plate fabric area (2) and a bottom plate fabric area (3), wherein the movement directions of the warp knitting yarns (4) in the horizontal plate fabric area (1) and the vertical plate fabric area (2) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the movement direction of the warp knitting yarns (4) in the bottom plate fabric area (3); the motion directions of the binding warp yarns (4) in the flat fabric area (1), the vertical plate fabric area (2) and the bottom plate fabric area (3) are parallel to the direction of the lining warp yarns (5) in the area;
s3: weaving motion of the oblique yarns (7) in the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure;
s4: weft yarns (6) are introduced into the ribbed groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure;
s5: compacting the weft yarn (6); the weft yarn (6) is pressed towards the direction of the interlining warp yarn (5) through the weft pressing device, and the movement of the yarn in the normal plane of the interlining warp yarn (5) in the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure is restrained.
6. A method of weaving a ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, unitary fabric comprising diagonal yarns as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the step S1 comprises the following steps:
s1-1: arranging the spindles of the binding warp yarns (4) on guide bars of the binding warp yarns (4), wherein the spindle arrangement of the horizontal plate fabric area (1) and the spindle arrangement of the vertical plate fabric area (2) are in a reinforced groove shape, and the spindle arrangement directions in the horizontal plate fabric area (1) and the spindle arrangement direction in the vertical plate fabric area (2) are mutually perpendicular; the spindles of the base fabric zone (3) are arranged in the direction of the weft yarns (6);
s1-2: the edge yarns of the oblique yarns (7) are respectively arranged in an upper horizontal plate flat fabric area (111), a lower horizontal plate flat fabric area (121) and a bottom plate fabric area (3) in an initial manner;
s1-3: initially aligning the edge yarn of the bias yarn (7) in the a region; the left side edge of the area A is provided with an edge strip (8) of one oblique yarn (7) at the upper and lower parts, and 1 +theta oblique yarn (71) and-theta oblique yarn (72) are respectively arranged on a spindle of the yarn at the left side edge of the area A;
s1-4: initially arranging the edge yarns of the bias yarns (7) in the region B; the left side edge of the B area is provided with an edge strip (8) of one oblique yarn (7) at the upper and lower parts, and 1-theta angle oblique yarn (72) and +theta angle oblique yarn (71) are respectively arranged on a spindle of the left side edge yarn of the B area;
s1-5: initially aligning the edge yarns of the bias yarns (7) in the C region; the upper and lower sides of the right side edge of the C area are respectively provided with an edge strip (8) of an oblique yarn (7), and 1-theta angle oblique yarn (72) and +theta angle oblique yarn (71) are respectively arranged on the spindle of the right side edge yarn of the C area.
7. The three-dimensional, reinforced, grooved, monolithic fabric comprising bias yarns of claim 5, and the method of weaving, wherein: the motion direction of the binding warp yarn (4) in the S2 in the horizontal plate fabric area (1) and the vertical plate fabric area (2) is the z-axis direction; the binding warp yarns (4) move in the y-axis direction in the base fabric region (3).
8. A method of weaving a ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, unitary fabric comprising diagonal yarns as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the step S3 comprises the following steps:
s3-1: the oblique yarns (7) perform weaving motions in an upper horizontal plate flat fabric area (111), a lower horizontal plate flat fabric area (121) and a bottom plate fabric area (3);
s3-2: -the diagonal yarn (7) performs a weaving movement in said a zone; wherein, the spindle of the oblique yarn (7) is divided into two groups, the +theta angle oblique yarn (71) which starts from the upper left side of the A area is taken as one group, and the-theta angle oblique yarn (72) which starts from the lower left side of the A area is taken as the other group; when the +theta angle oblique yarn (71) starting from the upper left side of the area A moves forwards to the right by one step distance, the-theta angle oblique yarn (72) starting from the lower left side of the area A moves backwards to the right by one step distance; when the +theta bias yarn (71) and the-theta bias yarn (72) move to the vertical corner areas of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, continuing to move downwards and upwards and forwards respectively;
s3-3: -the diagonal yarn (7) performs a weaving movement in said zone B; wherein, the spindle of the oblique yarn (7) is divided into two groups, namely, a group of-theta angle oblique yarns (72) starting from the upper left side of the B area is taken as one group, and the group of +theta angle oblique yarns (71) starting from the lower left side of the B area is taken as the other group; when the-theta angle oblique yarns (72) starting from the upper left side of the B area move downwards and forwards by one step distance, the +theta angle oblique yarns (71) starting from the lower left side of the B area move upwards and backwards by one step distance, and when the-theta angle oblique yarns (72) and the +theta angle oblique yarns (71) move to the vertical corner areas of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, the right back and right front continuous movement is started respectively; when the-theta bias yarn (72) and the +theta bias yarn (71) move again to the vertical corner areas of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, continuing to move upwards and downwards and backwards respectively;
s3-4: -the diagonal yarn (7) performs a weaving movement in said zone C; wherein the spindles of the oblique yarns (7) are divided into two groups, one group is formed by the-theta oblique yarns (72) starting from the upper right side of the C area, and the other group is formed by the +theta oblique yarns (71) starting from the lower right side of the C area; and when the-theta oblique yarns (72) and the +theta oblique yarns (71) are moved to the vertical corner areas of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, respectively starting to move downwards and upwards continuously.
9. A method of weaving a ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, unitary fabric comprising diagonal yarns as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s4-1: weft yarns (6) are introduced into the upper horizontal plate flat fabric area (111), the lower horizontal plate flat fabric area (121) and the bottom plate fabric area (3);
s4-2: weft yarns (6) are introduced into the upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area (112), the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area (122) and the vertical plate fabric area (2); when the weft yarn (6) moves to the connecting area of the horizontal plate fabric area (1) and the vertical plate fabric area (2), the weft yarn (5) is taken as a normal direction, and the weft yarn is vertically turned from the upper horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area (112) to the lower horizontal plate yarn dividing fabric area (122) to the vertical plate fabric area (2) until the fabric edge.
10. A method of weaving a ribbed, grooved, three-dimensional, monolithic fabric comprising bias yarns as set forth in claim 9, wherein: in S4, when the weft yarn (6) moves to the connection area of the bottom plate fabric area (3) and the vertical plate fabric area (2), the weft yarn (6) is vertically turned from the bottom plate fabric area (3) to the vertical plate fabric area (2) along the direction of the warp yarn (5).
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| CN202310459933.6A CN116288877A (en) | 2023-04-26 | 2023-04-26 | Reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns and weaving method thereof |
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