CN116287882A - As-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
As-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116287882A CN116287882A CN202310044024.6A CN202310044024A CN116287882A CN 116287882 A CN116287882 A CN 116287882A CN 202310044024 A CN202310044024 A CN 202310044024A CN 116287882 A CN116287882 A CN 116287882A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials and processing thereof, and discloses an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following components: 8.5 to 9.5 weight percent of Si, 0.12 to 0.17 weight percent of Mg, 0.6 to 0.95 weight percent of Zn, 0.35 to 0.6 weight percent of Fe,0.03 to 0.06 weight percent of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements; according to the invention, si, mg, zn, fe, sr, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements are adopted, so that the elements adopted in the application are simpler, and the silicon, magnesium, iron, zinc, aluminum and strontium are modified; the adopted elements ensure the fluidity silicon of the die casting alloy, the iron and strontium for die bonding are overcome, and the adopted electromagnetic casting can ensure the fatigue performance and wear resistance with good hardness, and the hardness, the fatigue strength and the grinding loss weight are all improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials and processing thereof, and particularly relates to an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum and aluminum alloy are praised as '21 st century green engineering materials' due to the excellent performances of low density, high specific strength, abundant and easy recovery and the like, and have great development prospects in the aspects of realizing light weight of vehicles, light weight, miniaturization of devices, energy conservation, emission reduction, green development and the like. The existing aluminum alloy has the following problems in use:
in some of the prior published patents, boron is adopted for improving the performance of the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy cannot be operated in production, and the aluminum alloy can be used only by pouring out the upper alloy and degassing after the boron is added, so that the aluminum alloy has a plurality of uncertainties; if magnesium and manganese are added, the heat conductivity coefficient is not improved, and perhaps the measurement method is different, the flash method and other methods are about 10 percent lower, but the flash method is an internationally recognized standard method; the difficulty in the boron adding precipitation production is great, the alloy is divided into two parts, one part is used for heat conduction, and the other part is used for common alloy. The silicon content in some published patents is low, the fluidity is poor, and the components in the published patent are very different from those in the published patent; in addition, the elongation of the alloy exceeds 12%, meanwhile, the alloy has the advantages of less elements, no Co and rare earth, and low cost.
Therefore, an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof are provided.
Wherein, the coefficient of heat conductivity adopts different characterization modes: prior art 24 corresponds to 165-169 in the test report, 35 corresponds to 233, and pure aluminum is highest.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, which ensure that elements adopted in the application are simpler and silicon, magnesium, iron, zinc and aluminum are modified by adding strontium; the adopted elements ensure the fluidity silicon of the die casting alloy, the iron and strontium for die bonding are overcome, the electromagnetic casting can ensure the good fatigue performance and wear resistance of the hardness, the fatigue strength and the grinding loss weight are all improved, the electromagnetic casting can not only obtain fine crystal structures, but also strengthen the solid solution of alloy elements, and simultaneously can improve the casting performance of the high-strength aluminum alloy, and a small amount of magnesium contributes to the hardness, so that the part is not scratched in the transportation process, and the safety of the material is ensured.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following components: 8.5 to 9.5 weight percent of Si, 0.12 to 0.17 weight percent of Mg, 0.6 to 0.95 weight percent of Zn, 0.35 to 0.6 weight percent of Fe,0.03 to 0.06 weight percent of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
Alternatively, the Si is 8.5wt%, mg is 0.16wt%, zn is 0.6wt% to 0.95wt%, fe is 0.39wt%, and Sr is 0.03wt% to 0.06wt%.
Optionally, a preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning raw materials Si, mg, zn and Fe, placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine, vacuumizing, and filling nitrogen for protection smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 after 55 minutes of smelting treatment and 5 minutes before degassing is finished;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃;
step four: repeatedly smelting the metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to the melt in the smelting process to realize casting, performing die casting treatment after casting, and cooling to obtain the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state.
Optionally, vacuumizing in the first step to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min.
Optionally, in the first step, arc heating smelting is performed by adopting a non-consumable vacuum arc gun, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m.
Optionally, after the metal ingot is obtained by cooling to room temperature after smelting in the third step, the metal ingot is turned over, and then the next smelting and die casting are carried out, and the smelting and die casting are repeated for 6 times.
Optionally, in the fourth step, under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated, so that forming casting is realized.
Optionally, the ingot is preheated to 220 ℃ prior to smelting.
Optionally, after smelting for 55 minutes in the second step, adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid, smelting and uniformly stirring, and then preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample.
Optionally, in step three, a density block spectrum sample is taken, and the specification of the sample is 300mm by 3mm.
The invention has the technical effects that:
(1) The scheme adopts 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.6wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe, 0.04wt% of Sr and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements, so that the elements adopted in the scheme are simpler, and the silicon-magnesium-iron-zinc-aluminum-strontium-added modification is ensured; the adopted elements ensure the fluidity silicon of the die casting alloy and overcome the iron and strontium for sticking the die;
(2) According to the scheme, an alternating electromagnetic field is applied to a melt after smelting to realize casting, the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, the fatigue strength and the grinding loss weight are all improved, the electromagnetic casting can obtain fine grain structures, the solid solution of alloy elements can be enhanced, the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy can be improved, the die casting treatment is carried out after casting, the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, and the as-cast heat conduction and high toughness are integrated;
(3) In the scheme, the strength is finished by zinc with small influence on the heat conductivity coefficient and modification of silicon, and a small amount of magnesium contributes to hardness, so that the part is not scratched during transportation, and the safety of the material is ensured.
Content description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description of the embodiments will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other contents may be obtained according to these contents without inventive effort to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.6wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe, 0.04wt% of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.0wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.6wt% of Zn and 0.39wt% of Fe of raw materials, then placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, filling nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after filling nitrogen to ensure that the raw materials cannot react with active gas to generate impurities in the die casting process;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 with 0.04 weight percent of Sr 5 minutes before the end of the degassing after 55 minutes of smelting treatment; fe and Sr-containing AlSr10 adopted in the previous step jointly act to solve the problem of mucous membrane, and Si is more than 7.5, so that the fluidity of the aluminum alloy can be ensured;
adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid after smelting for 55 minutes, smelting and uniformly stirring, preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample; detecting the performance of the alloy by adopting a mode of taking a density block spectrum sample;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃; taking a density block spectrum sample, wherein the specification of the sample is 300mm, 300mm and 3mm;
after the metal ingot is obtained by cooling to room temperature after smelting, the metal ingot is turned over, so that the die casting is more uniform, the quality is improved, the next smelting die casting is performed, and the smelting die casting is repeated for 6 times;
step four: repeatedly smelting a metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to a melt after smelting to realize casting, wherein the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, fatigue strength and abrasion loss weight to be improved, the electromagnetic casting can obtain fine grain structures and strengthen solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously can improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, so that the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, and the as-cast state heat conduction and high toughness are integrated;
under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated by electromagnetic casting, and forming casting is realized;
the metal ingot is preheated to 220 ℃ before smelting, so that subsequent smelting treatment is facilitated.
Example 2
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe, 0.04wt% of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.0wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn and 0.39wt% of Fe of raw materials, then placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, filling nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after filling nitrogen to ensure that the raw materials cannot react with active gas to generate impurities in the die casting process;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 with 0.04 weight percent of Sr 5 minutes before the end of the degassing after 55 minutes of smelting treatment; fe and Sr-containing AlSr10 adopted in the previous step jointly act to solve the problem of mucous membrane, and Si is more than 7.5, so that the fluidity of the aluminum alloy can be ensured;
adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid after smelting for 55 minutes, smelting and uniformly stirring, preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample; detecting the performance of the alloy by adopting a mode of taking a density block spectrum sample;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃; taking a density block spectrum sample, wherein the specification of the sample is 300mm, 300mm and 3mm;
after the metal ingot is obtained by cooling to room temperature after smelting, the metal ingot is turned over, so that the die casting is more uniform, the quality is improved, the next smelting die casting is performed, and the smelting die casting is repeated for 6 times;
step four: repeatedly smelting a metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to a melt after smelting to realize casting, wherein the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, fatigue strength and abrasion loss weight to be improved, the electromagnetic casting can obtain fine grain structures and strengthen solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously can improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, so that the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, and the as-cast state heat conduction and high toughness are integrated;
under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated by electromagnetic casting, and forming casting is realized;
the metal ingot is preheated to 220 ℃ before smelting, so that subsequent smelting treatment is facilitated.
Example 3
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 9.2wt% of Si, 0.13wt% of Mg, 0.95wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe, 0.04wt% of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.0wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.95wt% of Zn and 0.39wt% of Fe of raw materials, then placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, filling nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after filling nitrogen to ensure that the raw materials cannot react with active gas to generate impurities in the die casting process;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 with 0.04 weight percent of Sr 5 minutes before the end of the degassing after 55 minutes of smelting treatment; fe and Sr-containing AlSr10 adopted in the previous step jointly act to solve the problem of mucous membrane, and Si is more than 7.5, so that the fluidity of the aluminum alloy can be ensured;
adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid after smelting for 55 minutes, smelting and uniformly stirring, preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample; detecting the performance of the alloy by adopting a mode of taking a density block spectrum sample;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃; taking a density block spectrum sample, wherein the specification of the sample is 300mm, 300mm and 3mm;
after the metal ingot is obtained by cooling to room temperature after smelting, the metal ingot is turned over, so that the die casting is more uniform, the quality is improved, the next smelting die casting is performed, and the smelting die casting is repeated for 6 times;
step four: repeatedly smelting a metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to a melt after smelting to realize casting, wherein the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, fatigue strength and abrasion loss weight to be improved, the electromagnetic casting can obtain fine grain structures and strengthen solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously can improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, so that the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, and the as-cast state heat conduction and high toughness are integrated;
under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated by electromagnetic casting, and forming casting is realized;
the metal ingot is preheated to 220 ℃ before smelting, so that subsequent smelting treatment is facilitated.
Example 4
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe,0.03wt% of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.0wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn and 0.39wt% of Fe of raw materials, then placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, filling nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after filling nitrogen to ensure that the raw materials cannot react with active gas to generate impurities in the die casting process;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 with 0.03 weight percent of Sr 5 minutes before the end of the degassing after 55 minutes of smelting treatment; fe and Sr-containing AlSr10 adopted in the previous step jointly act to solve the problem of mucous membrane, and Si is more than 7.5, so that the fluidity of the aluminum alloy can be ensured;
adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid after smelting for 55 minutes, smelting and uniformly stirring, preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample; detecting the performance of the alloy by adopting a mode of taking a density block spectrum sample;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃; taking a density block spectrum sample, wherein the specification of the sample is 300mm, 300mm and 3mm;
after the metal ingot is obtained by cooling to room temperature after smelting, the metal ingot is turned over, so that the die casting is more uniform, the quality is improved, the next smelting die casting is performed, and the smelting die casting is repeated for 6 times;
step four: repeatedly smelting a metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to a melt after smelting to realize casting, wherein the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, fatigue strength and abrasion loss weight to be improved, the electromagnetic casting can obtain fine grain structures and strengthen solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously can improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, so that the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, and the as-cast state heat conduction and high toughness are integrated;
under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated by electromagnetic casting, and forming casting is realized;
the metal ingot is preheated to 220 ℃ before smelting, so that subsequent smelting treatment is facilitated.
Example 5
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe, 0.05wt% of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.0wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn and 0.39wt% of Fe of raw materials, then placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, filling nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after filling nitrogen to ensure that the raw materials cannot react with active gas to generate impurities in the die casting process;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 with 0.05wt% of Sr 5 minutes before the end of the smelting treatment for 55 minutes and before the degassing; fe and Sr-containing AlSr10 adopted in the previous step jointly act to solve the problem of mucous membrane, and Si is more than 7.5, so that the fluidity of the aluminum alloy can be ensured;
adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid after smelting for 55 minutes, smelting and uniformly stirring, preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample; detecting the performance of the alloy by adopting a mode of taking a density block spectrum sample;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃; taking a density block spectrum sample, wherein the specification of the sample is 300mm, 300mm and 3mm;
after the metal ingot is obtained by cooling to room temperature after smelting, the metal ingot is turned over, so that the die casting is more uniform, the quality is improved, the next smelting die casting is performed, and the smelting die casting is repeated for 6 times;
step four: repeatedly smelting a metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to a melt after smelting to realize casting, wherein the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, fatigue strength and abrasion loss weight to be improved, the electromagnetic casting can obtain fine grain structures and strengthen solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously can improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, so that the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, and the as-cast state heat conduction and high toughness are integrated;
under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated by electromagnetic casting, and forming casting is realized;
the metal ingot is preheated to 220 ℃ before smelting, so that subsequent smelting treatment is facilitated.
Example 6
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe, 0.05wt% of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements, and 0.30wt% of Er.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.0wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn, 0.30wt% of Er and 0.39wt% of Fe which are raw materials, placing the raw materials into a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, filling nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after filling the nitrogen to ensure that the raw materials cannot react with active gas to generate impurities in the die casting process;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 with 0.05wt% of Sr 5 minutes before the end of the smelting treatment for 55 minutes and before the degassing; fe and Sr-containing AlSr10 adopted in the previous step jointly act to solve the problem of mucous membrane, and Si is more than 7.5, so that the fluidity of the aluminum alloy can be ensured;
adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid after smelting for 55 minutes, smelting and uniformly stirring, preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample; detecting the performance of the alloy by adopting a mode of taking a density block spectrum sample;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃; taking a density block spectrum sample, wherein the specification of the sample is 300mm, 300mm and 3mm;
after the metal ingot is obtained by cooling to room temperature after smelting, the metal ingot is turned over, so that the die casting is more uniform, the quality is improved, the next smelting die casting is performed, and the smelting die casting is repeated for 6 times;
step four: repeatedly smelting a metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to a melt after smelting to realize casting, wherein the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, fatigue strength and abrasion loss weight to be improved, the electromagnetic casting can obtain fine grain structures and strengthen solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously can improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, so that the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, and the as-cast state heat conduction and high toughness are integrated;
under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated by electromagnetic casting, and forming casting is realized;
the metal ingot is preheated to 220 ℃ before smelting, so that subsequent smelting treatment is facilitated.
Example 7
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe, 0.05wt% of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements, and 0.35wt% of Er and 0.12wt% of Zr are also included.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.0wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.8wt% of Zn, 0.35wt% of Er, 0.12wt% of Zr and 0.39wt% of Fe which are used as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, charging nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after charging nitrogen to ensure that the raw materials cannot react with active gas to generate impurities in the die casting process;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 with 0.05wt% of Sr 5 minutes before the end of the smelting treatment for 55 minutes and before the degassing; fe and Sr-containing AlSr10 adopted in the previous step jointly act to solve the problem of mucous membrane, and Si is more than 7.5, so that the fluidity of the aluminum alloy can be ensured;
adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid after smelting for 55 minutes, smelting and uniformly stirring, preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample; detecting the performance of the alloy by adopting a mode of taking a density block spectrum sample;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃; taking a density block spectrum sample, wherein the specification of the sample is 300mm, 300mm and 3mm;
after the metal ingot is obtained by cooling to room temperature after smelting, the metal ingot is turned over, so that the die casting is more uniform, the quality is improved, the next smelting die casting is performed, and the smelting die casting is repeated for 6 times;
step four: repeatedly smelting a metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to a melt after smelting to realize casting, wherein the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, fatigue strength and abrasion loss weight to be improved, the electromagnetic casting can obtain fine grain structures and strengthen solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously can improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, so that the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, and the as-cast state heat conduction and high toughness are integrated;
under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated by electromagnetic casting, and forming casting is realized;
the metal ingot is preheated to 220 ℃ before smelting, so that subsequent smelting treatment is facilitated.
Comparative example 1
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.39wt% of Fe, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.0wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg and 0.39wt% of Fe serving as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, filling nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after filling the nitrogen to ensure that the reaction with active gas is not realized in the die casting process to generate impurities;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: smelting for 55 minutes, cooling to room temperature after smelting for 55 minutes to obtain a metal ingot, turning over the metal ingot, ensuring that the die casting is more uniform, improving the quality, and repeatedly smelting and die casting for 6 times after the next smelting and die casting;
step four: the metal ingot is repeatedly smelted for 5-8 times, and an alternating electromagnetic field is applied to the melt after smelting to realize casting, so that the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, the fatigue strength and the wear loss weight are all improved, the electromagnetic casting can not only obtain fine grain structures, but also strengthen the solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, and the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, so that the as-cast heat conduction and high toughness are integrated.
Comparative example 2
The invention provides an as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components: 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg, 0.39wt% of Fe, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
In the implementation, the preparation method of the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step one: cleaning 8.5wt% of Si, 0.16wt% of Mg and 0.39wt% of Fe serving as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine for die casting treatment, wherein the temperature of the die casting die is 230-240 ℃, preferably 235 ℃, vacuumizing, filling nitrogen for protection smelting, and discharging other air after filling the nitrogen to ensure that the reaction with active gas is not realized in the die casting process to generate impurities;
vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min; the non-consumable vacuum arc gun is adopted for arc heating smelting, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m, and the metal can be melted to the maximum extent by adopting the arc heating smelting;
step two: smelting for 55 minutes, cooling to room temperature after smelting for 55 minutes to obtain a metal ingot, turning over the metal ingot, ensuring that the die casting is more uniform, improving the quality, and repeatedly smelting and die casting for 6 times after the next smelting and die casting;
step four: the metal ingot is repeatedly smelted for 5-8 times, and an alternating electromagnetic field is applied to the melt after smelting to realize casting, so that the electromagnetic casting can ensure good fatigue performance and wear resistance of hardness, the fatigue strength and the wear loss weight are all improved, the electromagnetic casting can not only obtain fine grain structures, but also strengthen the solid solution of alloy elements, simultaneously improve the casting performance of high-strength aluminum alloy, and the casting is carried out after casting, and the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state is obtained after cooling, so that the as-cast heat conduction and high toughness are integrated.
The alloys prepared in examples 1 to 5 were processed into standard tensile specimens according to the standard of national standard GB228-2002, the specimens were round bars, the axial direction and the extrusion direction of the round bars were identical, room temperature tensile tests were performed, and the mechanical properties of the respective specimens were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of mechanical property test of each sample
In combination, 9.2wt% of Si, 0.13wt% of Mg, 0.95wt% of Zn, 0.39wt% of Fe, 0.04wt% of Sr and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements are adopted in the embodiment 3, the quality is optimal, the tensile strength reaches 280MPA, the yield strength reaches 135MPA, the elongation reaches 12.9%, the hardness reaches 80HB, and the as-cast heat conduction and high toughness are integrated.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. An as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components: 8.5 to 9.5 weight percent of Si, 0.12 to 0.17 weight percent of Mg, 0.6 to 0.95 weight percent of Zn, 0.35 to 0.6 weight percent of Fe,0.03 to 0.06 weight percent of Sr, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
2. The as-cast high thermal conductivity tough aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: the weight percent of Si is 8.5, the weight percent of Mg is 0.16, the weight percent of Zn is 0.6 to 0.95, the weight percent of Fe is 0.39, and the weight percent of Sr is 0.03 to 0.06.
3. The method for preparing the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: cleaning raw materials Si, mg, zn and Fe, placing the raw materials in a die casting die in a non-consumable vacuum die casting machine, vacuumizing, and filling nitrogen for protection smelting;
step two: adding AlSr10 after 55 minutes of smelting treatment and 5 minutes before degassing is finished;
step three: taking a density block spectrum sample after adding AlSr10, standing for 20 minutes, then taking a density block for testing, and cooling to obtain a metal ingot after the temperature of alloy liquid reaches 680-685 ℃;
step four: repeatedly smelting the metal ingot for 5-8 times, applying an alternating electromagnetic field to the melt in the smelting process to realize casting, performing die casting treatment after casting, and cooling to obtain the high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy in an as-cast state.
4. The method for preparing the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and step one, vacuumizing to ensure that the vacuum degree of the die casting machine is-0.12 MPa, charging nitrogen to-0.6 MPa, skimming after charging nitrogen for 2min, and standing for 3min.
5. The method for preparing the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the first step, arc heating smelting is carried out by adopting a non-consumable vacuum arc gun, and the distance between the non-consumable vacuum arc gun and the raw material is 2m.
6. The method for preparing the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and thirdly, after smelting and cooling to room temperature to obtain a metal ingot, turning over the metal ingot, and then carrying out next smelting and die casting, and repeatedly smelting and die casting for 6 times.
7. The method for preparing the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and step four, under the interaction of eddy current and a magnetic field, electromagnetic pressure on molten metal is generated, and forming casting is realized.
8. The method for preparing the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the ingot was preheated to 220 ℃ prior to smelting.
9. The method for preparing the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and step two, after smelting treatment for 55 minutes, adding AlSr10 into the alloy liquid, smelting and uniformly stirring, and then preserving heat for 15 minutes, and then taking a density block spectrum sample.
10. The method for preparing the as-cast high-heat-conductivity tough aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and step three, taking a density block spectrum sample, wherein the specification of the sample is 300mm by 3mm.
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