CN116285154A - Ablation-resistant PVC alloy material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Ablation-resistant PVC alloy material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN116285154A
CN116285154A CN202310173314.0A CN202310173314A CN116285154A CN 116285154 A CN116285154 A CN 116285154A CN 202310173314 A CN202310173314 A CN 202310173314A CN 116285154 A CN116285154 A CN 116285154A
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ablation
parts
alloy material
glass beads
resistant pvc
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秦朋
陈平绪
叶南飚
邹声文
陈延安
王裕森
张龙
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Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/04Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08L27/06Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/02Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/08Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation

Abstract

The invention relates to an ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of modified plastics. The ablation-resistant PVC alloy material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 2-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 10-40 parts of ABS resin, 5-10 parts of toughening agent, 5-20 parts of glass microsphere, 3-15 parts of hyperbranched polyester, 1-5 parts of silane coupling agent and 1-3 parts of lubricant. Aiming at the problems that the ablation-resistant PVC in the prior art contains a large amount of plasticizers and has soft texture, the requirements of high flame retardance, ablation resistance, thermosetting property and the like are difficult to meet, and a large amount of experimental researches prove that the hard ablation-resistant PVC alloy material which does not contain plasticizer components has the advantages of high flame retardance, high heat resistance, good toughness and low density is provided.

Description

Ablation-resistant PVC alloy material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of modified plastics, and particularly relates to an ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the second most common plastic with yield inferior to that of polyethylene, has the advantages of high strength, corrosion resistance, flame retardance, insulativity, transparency and the like, and is widely applied to the technical fields of building, drainage, pollution discharge, chemical industry and the like. The traditional ablation-resistant PVC technology is mainly applied to the preparation of wires and cables, and is generally characterized in that silicon rubber, an ablation-resistant filler, a porcelain-forming filler or a large amount of plasticizer components are added into PVC resin, but the product is soft PVC, and the application field is limited to wires and cables.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an ablation-resistant PVC alloy material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 2-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 10-40 parts of ABS resin, 5-10 parts of toughening agent, 5-20 parts of glass microsphere, 3-15 parts of hyperbranched polyester, 1-5 parts of silane coupling agent and 1-3 parts of lubricant.
Aiming at the problems that the ablation-resistant PVC in the prior art contains a large amount of plasticizers and has soft texture, the requirements of high flame retardance, ablation resistance, thermosetting property and the like are difficult to meet, and a large amount of experimental researches prove that the hard ablation-resistant PVC alloy material which does not contain plasticizer components has the advantages of high flame retardance, high heat resistance, good toughness and low density is provided.
As a preferred embodiment of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material of the invention, the polymerization degree of the PVC resin is 400-700. The inventor of the application researches find that when the polymerization degree of the PVC resin is too high, the prepared material is difficult to apply to the injection molding field, extrusion products are mainly used, and the PVC resin with the polymerization degree of 400-700 has good fluidity and wider application range. The method for testing the polymerization degree of the PVC resin is gel permeation chromatography, the testing temperature is 40 ℃, and tetrahydrofuran is adopted to treat the sample.
As the preferred implementation mode of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, the glass beads are composite glass beads comprising high-melting-point glass beads and low-melting-point glass beads; the melting point of the high-melting point glass beads is 750-900 ℃; the melting point of the low-melting point glass beads is 500-600 ℃.
As a preferred implementation mode of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, the mass ratio of the high-melting point glass beads to the low-melting point glass beads in the composite glass beads is 3: 7-7: 3. the inventor of the application finds that in the combustion process, a ceramic solid-phase reaction occurs between the high-melting-point glass beads and the low-melting-point glass beads, and a substance with a crystal form is also generated, a ceramic layer with holes is formed on the surface of the material, a hard porous ceramic is formed inside the material, and when the mass ratio of the high-melting-point glass beads to the low-melting-point glass beads in the composite glass beads is 3: 7-7: and 3, the prepared PVC alloy material has better ablation resistance.
As a preferred embodiment of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, the hyperbranched polyester is hyperbranched polyester resin prepared by taking an aromatic heat-resistant polyester hyperbranched polymer as a framework. Through a great deal of researches, the inventor of the application finds that the ceramic effect can be achieved by adding hyperbranched polyester, the thermal stability of the material can be improved, a framework ceramic layer can be formed under high-temperature flame, external heat is blocked, the original shape of the material is kept, the self-supporting effect is achieved, and the synergistic effect with glass beads is better.
As a preferred embodiment of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material of the present invention, at least one of the following (a) to (c) is included:
(a) The stabilizer is an organotin stabilizer;
(b) The toughening agent is a silicon toughening agent;
(c) The lubricant comprises polyethylene wax.
More preferably, the weight content of tin in the organic tin stabilizer is more than or equal to 19%; the silicon toughening agent comprises 5-20% of silicon by weight.
As a preferred embodiment of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, the ABS resin is acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin with the AN weight content of 20-23%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, which comprises the following steps: weighing PVC resin, ABS resin, heat stabilizer and lubricant, adding into a high-speed mixer, heating and mixing to 95-105 ℃, adding a toughening agent and hyperbranched polyester, continuously heating and mixing to 115-125 ℃, adding a silane coupling agent and glass beads, mixing for 2-4 min, discharging mixed powder in the high-speed mixer into a low-speed mixer, cooling to 75-85 ℃, feeding the mixed powder into a screw of an extruder, and granulating to obtain the ablation-resistant PVC alloy granular material.
The invention also provides application of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material in preparing an ablation-resistant resin coating and an electronic and electric product. The ablation-resistant resin coating and the electronic and electric product comprise a motor and electric appliance shell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an ablation-resistant PVC alloy material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material does not add a plasticizer, and breaks through the limitation that a large amount of plasticizers are required to be added in the traditional soft cable PVC; according to the invention, glass beads with different melting points are added in the preparation of the PVC alloy material, and the prepared PVC alloy material has better heat resistance and flame retardance through adjusting the proportion of the different melting points; according to the invention, the erosion resistance of the PVC alloy material is synergistically improved by compounding hyperbranched polyester with the composite glass beads and combining the phase characteristics of the PVC alloy; the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material has the characteristics of high flame retardance, high toughness, high heat resistance and the like, and has important application and economic significance in the future of substituting thermosetting materials or common flame-retardant PVC iterative development.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are described below, but are not limited to these materials:
PVC resin A: the polymerization degree is 420-450, PVC JLTS-1, sichuan Jin Lu;
PVC resin B: the polymerization degree is 450-480, PVC powder S400, japanese Brillouin;
PVC resin C: the polymerization degree is 650-700, PVC TL-700, lejin Bohai sea;
ABS resin A: DG-MG29 (YP) with AN AN weight content of 20-23% and Tianjin;
ABS resin B: DG-417 (YP), AN content 19% by weight, tianjin;
organotin stabilizer a: YT181, the weight content of tin is more than or equal to 19%, and the tin industry in Yunnan;
organotin stabilizer B: MT-9001 (YP), tin content 18.5% by weight, three beneficial chemistry;
silicon-based toughening agent a: s2100 (YP-1) with silicon content of 5-20% by weight, mitsubishi chemical;
silicon-based toughening agent B: s2100 (YP-2) with silicon content of 4% by weight, mitsubishi chemical;
and (3) a lubricant: polyethylene wax, 316A, ganivill;
high melting point glass bead A: melting point 850 ℃,050-20-215-A, SOVITEC;
high melting point glass bead B: melting point 750 ℃,050-20-215-B (YP), SOVITEC;
high melting point glass bead C: melting point 900 ℃,050-20-215-C (YP), SOVITEC;
high melting point glass bead D: melting point 1000 ℃,050-20-215-D (YP), SOVITEC;
low melting point glass bead a: melting point 550 ℃,050-20-215-E (YP), SOVITEC;
low melting point glass beads B: melting point 500 ℃,050-20-215-F (YP), SOVITEC;
low melting point glass bead C: melting point 600 ℃,050-20-215-G (YP), SOVITEC;
low melting point glass beads D: melting point 400 ℃,050-20-215-H (YP), SOVITEC;
hyperbranched polyester a: hyper C403 polyester, hyperbranched polyester resin prepared by taking aromatic heat-resistant polyester hyperbranched polymer as a framework;
hyperbranched polyester B: c403 (YP) a polyester, sepiolite, su;
silane coupling agent: KH550, nanjing xuan;
in the examples and comparative examples, the experimental methods used were conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents, etc. used, if otherwise specified, were all commercially available; and the components used in the examples and comparative examples are the same unless otherwise specified.
Examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 17
The composition of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy materials of examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 17 of the present invention are shown in tables 1 to 3.
Table 1 the components (parts by weight) of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy materials of examples 1 to 9
Figure BDA0004099929740000041
Figure BDA0004099929740000051
Table 2 the compositions (parts by weight) of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy materials of comparative examples 1 to 10
Figure BDA0004099929740000052
Table 3 the components (parts by weight) of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy materials of comparative examples 11 to 17
Figure BDA0004099929740000053
Figure BDA0004099929740000061
The preparation method of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy materials of the embodiments 1 to 9 and the comparative examples 1 to 17 comprises the following steps: weighing PVC resin, ABS resin, heat stabilizer and lubricant, adding into a high-speed mixer, heating and mixing to 100 ℃, adding a toughening agent and hyperbranched polyester, continuously heating and mixing to 120 ℃, adding a silane coupling agent and glass beads, mixing for 3min, discharging mixed powder in the high-speed mixer into a low-speed mixer, cooling to 80 ℃, discharging the mixed powder into a screw of an extruder, and granulating to obtain the ablation-resistant PVC alloy granular material.
The ablation-resistant PVC alloy materials of examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 17 are subjected to performance test, and the performance test method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Ablation resistance test: the burning flame with the power of 500W of 5VA is continuously burnt for 3min, the burning through number (5 blocks) of the square plate with the size of 2.5mm is calculated, and the ablation flame resistance standard is as follows: UL94 specified 5VA flame requirement; burning test square plate dimensions: 150 x 2.5mm.
(2) Hardness test of the material after combustion: hardness testing uses ASTM D2240, physical testing, 1s reading.
(3) Thermal deformation temperature test: test conditions were 0.45MPa using ASTM D648 standard.
(4) Toughness testing: the notch impact strength of the cantilever beam is used as an evaluation index, and the test standard is as follows:
ASTM D256 Standard
The test results are shown in Table 3.
Table 4 results of the Performance test of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy materials of examples 1 to 9
Figure BDA0004099929740000071
TABLE 5 results of Performance test of ablation-resistant PVC alloy materials of comparative examples 1 to 17
Figure BDA0004099929740000072
From tables 4 and 5, it is known that the addition of glass beads with different melting points has great influence on the ablation resistance of the prepared PVC alloy material, and comparative examples 3, 6 and 7 and comparative examples 14 and 15 show that the addition of glass beads with high melting point of 750-900 ℃ and glass beads with low melting point of 500-600 ℃ can obviously improve the ablation resistance of the PVC alloy material; comparing examples 3, 8, 9 and comparative examples 7, 8, 16, it is understood that when the mass ratio of the high melting point glass beads to the low melting point glass beads is 3: 7-7: 3, the prepared PVC alloy material has better ablation resistance; as is clear from comparative examples 3 and 10 and 17, the addition of hyperbranched polyester resin prepared by using an aromatic heat-resistant polyester hyperbranched polymer as a skeleton can not only improve the thermal stability of the material, but also form a skeleton ceramic layer under high-temperature flame to block external heat and maintain the original shape of the material, thereby achieving a self-supporting effect.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The ablation-resistant PVC alloy material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 2-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 10-40 parts of ABS resin, 5-10 parts of toughening agent, 5-20 parts of glass microsphere, 3-15 parts of hyperbranched polyester, 1-5 parts of silane coupling agent and 1-3 parts of lubricant.
2. The ablation-resistant PVC alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the PVC resin has a degree of polymerization of 400 to 700.
3. The ablation-resistant PVC alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the glass beads are composite glass beads including high melting point glass beads and low melting point glass beads; the melting point of the high-melting point glass beads is 750-900 ℃; the melting point of the low-melting point glass beads is 500-600 ℃.
4. The ablation-resistant PVC alloy material according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the high-melting-point glass beads to the low-melting-point glass beads in the glass beads is 3: 7-7: 3.
5. the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the hyperbranched polyester is a hyperbranched polyester resin prepared by taking an aromatic heat-resistant polyester hyperbranched polymer as a skeleton.
6. The ablation-resistant PVC alloy material according to claim 1, comprising at least one of the following (a) - (c):
(a) The stabilizer is an organotin stabilizer;
(b) The toughening agent is a silicon toughening agent;
(c) The lubricant comprises polyethylene wax.
7. The ablation-resistant PVC alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the ABS resin is AN acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin having AN weight content of 20-23%.
8. The method for preparing the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: weighing PVC resin, ABS resin, heat stabilizer and lubricant, adding into a high-speed mixer, heating and mixing to 95-105 ℃, adding a toughening agent and hyperbranched polyester, continuously heating and mixing to 115-125 ℃, adding a silane coupling agent and glass beads, mixing for 2-4 min, discharging mixed powder in the high-speed mixer into a low-speed mixer, cooling to 75-85 ℃, feeding the mixed powder into a screw of an extruder, and granulating to obtain the ablation-resistant PVC alloy granular material.
9. Use of the ablation-resistant PVC alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the preparation of ablation-resistant resin coatings, electronic and electrical products.
CN202310173314.0A 2023-02-28 2023-02-28 Ablation-resistant PVC alloy material and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN116285154A (en)

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