CN116275899A - Aluminum alloy welding process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy welding process, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding. The method comprises the steps of mechanically cutting the welded part of the aluminum profile or the aluminum casting to be welded, butting the welded part of the aluminum profile or the aluminum casting to be welded after cutting, and then welding the welded part by adopting a double-pulse welding current process. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, can effectively reduce the manpower loss in the aluminum alloy welding process, ensures the stability of the aluminum alloy welding position and reduces the welding defects.

Description

Aluminum alloy welding process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of road alloy welding, in particular to an aluminum alloy welding process.

Background

It is known that aluminum welding is a welding process with a relatively large difficulty coefficient in all welding processes, and the defects of cracks, air holes, insufficient penetration, poor molding, slag inclusion, large welding deformation and the like of a welding line are particularly shown, wherein the quality of the welding line is seriously influenced due to the existence of an aluminum oxide film of a welding base material, and the defects of insufficient penetration, poor molding, slag inclusion and the like of the welding line are particularly shown;

aluminum and aluminum alloy have the characteristics of strong thermal conductivity, large heat capacity, large linear expansion coefficient, low melting point, small high-temperature strength and the like, and the welding difficulty is large, and the general existing welding technical scheme is that an oxide film within the range of 30mm of a welding base metal groove and a welding seam heat affected zone is thoroughly cleaned and polished before welding, and the following defects often exist in the traditional aluminum alloy welding process: 1. a large amount of manual polishing is needed, and the production cost is high; 2. dust generated by polishing is not degradable and seriously damages the ecological environment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the aluminum alloy welding process, which can effectively reduce the manpower loss in the aluminum alloy welding process, ensure the stability of the aluminum alloy welding part and reduce the welding defects.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an aluminum alloy welding process comprising the steps of:

(1) Mechanically cutting the welded part of the aluminum profile or the aluminum casting to be welded;

(2) And (3) butt-jointing the welded parts of the aluminum profiles or the aluminum castings to be welded after cutting, and then welding the welded parts by adopting a double-pulse welding current process.

Preferably, the thickness of the mechanical cut is greater than 35 μm.

Preferably, the aluminum alloy welding process is suitable for MIG and MAG welding of aluminum alloys.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an aluminum alloy welding process, which comprises the following steps of

The beneficial effects are that:

1. the aluminum profile or aluminum casting is generally formed into a compact oxide film on the subsequent surface due to the fact that the temperature of the aluminum at the early stage is higher when the aluminum profile or aluminum casting is formed, wherein the thickness of the oxide film formed by common aluminum alloy is 5-15 mu m, the thickness of the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum casting is 17-35 mu m, surface polishing is needed when the aluminum profile or aluminum casting is welded on the basis, and the surface is timely welded after polishing to prevent reoxidation, the original thicker oxide film is directly removed by mechanical cutting, although the surface of the cut aluminum material is still oxidized to form the oxide film, the thickness of the surface oxide film is smaller than 5 mu m at the moment, polishing is not needed immediately after cutting, and the aluminum casting is welded by a double-pulse welding current process, the welding current peak value is high, and the thin aluminum oxide film can be broken and melted instantly, in addition, the negative effect of welding of the aluminum oxide film is further weakened due to the double-pulse vibration and stirring effect, and good welding effect is achieved;

2. the invention has simple process and convenient operation, the pre-welding treatment and welding are not required to be completed in a short time, the labor cost is reduced greatly, the production efficiency is improved, a large amount of nondegradable aluminum alloy dust is avoided, and the ecological environment is protected greatly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of detecting the thickness of an oxide film on the surface of an aluminum profile in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the detection of the thickness of oxide film on the surface of an aluminum casting according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an aluminum profile after mechanical cutting at an end face welding part in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the thickness detection of oxide film after mechanical cutting of the surface of the welded part of aluminum castings in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of parameters of an apparatus for double pulse welding of aluminum profiles and aluminum castings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a welded structure of an aluminum profile and an aluminum casting according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of metallographic structure of a welded part of an aluminum profile and an aluminum casting in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Examples:

an aluminum alloy welding process comprises the steps of selecting an aluminum profile and an aluminum casting for welding:

detecting the thickness of an oxide film of the aluminum profile surface to be 7.4 mu m (shown in figure 1) by adopting an instrument, cutting the aluminum profile surface to form a welding groove (the cutting thickness is 50 mu m) shown in figure 3 by adopting a mechanical cutting mode at a welding joint, quickly forming the oxide film on the exposed surface of the cut groove after the exposed surface of the cut groove contacts with air, and detecting the thickness of the oxide film at the groove by adopting the instrument after cutting for 24 hours to be 3.4 mu m;

the method comprises the steps of detecting the thickness of an oxide film of the surface of an aluminum casting to be 20.4 mu m (shown in figure 2) by adopting an instrument, mechanically cutting a welding opening (the cutting thickness is 50 mu m), and detecting the thickness of the oxide film of the cutting opening to be 3.0 mu m (shown in figure 4) by adopting the instrument after 24 hours;

the aluminum profile cutting groove is butted with the aluminum casting cutting part, and then the butted part is welded by adopting a double-pulse welding current process, wherein the specific parameters of welding are shown in figure 5;

the welded aluminum profile and aluminum casting structure is shown in fig. 6, metallographic detection is carried out on the welded joint, the golden phase diagram is shown in fig. 7, and the defects of cracks, air holes, slag inclusion, welding deformation and the like are avoided when the welded joint of the aluminum profile and the aluminum casting is uniformly connected.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An aluminum alloy welding process is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy welding process comprises the following steps:

(1) Mechanically cutting the welded part of the aluminum profile or the aluminum casting to be welded;

(2) And (3) butt-jointing the welded parts of the aluminum profiles or the aluminum castings to be welded after cutting, and then welding the welded parts by adopting a double-pulse welding current process.

2. An aluminium alloy welding process according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the mechanical cut is greater than 35 μm.

3. An aluminium alloy welding process according to claim 1, wherein the aluminium alloy welding process is adapted for MIG and MAG welding of aluminium alloys.

Images