CN116275171A - Clamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a clamp, and belongs to the technical field of machine tools. The fixture solves the problems that the stability of the existing fixture is insufficient when workpieces are processed in batches. The clamp comprises an elastic clamping cylinder, a fixed cylinder, a wedge block and a matching block which is radially positioned and can axially slide, wherein the fixed cylinder is internally provided with a positioning wall, the front end face of the matching block is provided with a sliding groove, the rear end face of the matching block is provided with a ball groove, the front end face of the wedge block is attached to the positioning wall, the rear end face of the wedge block is a driving face which is obliquely arranged, the wedge block is embedded into the sliding groove and is attached to the bottom face of the sliding groove, a driving rod is connected to the side wall of the fixed cylinder in a threaded manner, an elastic piece opposite to the driving rod is elastically abutted between the fixed cylinder and the wedge block, the rear end of the elastic clamping cylinder is fixedly provided with a pull rod, and the rear end of the pull rod penetrates through the positioning wall, the wedge block and the matching block and is fixedly provided with a positioning block which is embedded into the ball groove to form spherical surface matching. The clamp has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low manufacturing cost, good use stability, convenience in assembly and the like.

Description

Clamp

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tools, and relates to a clamp.

Background

The machine tool is equipment for processing a workpiece and comprises a lathe, a milling machine, a drilling machine and the like. The lathe comprises a lathe body, a spindle box, a carriage assembly, a tailstock, a cutter seat and the like. The spindle box comprises a box seat fixedly connected to the lathe bed, a rotatable spindle is arranged in the box seat in a penetrating manner, the front end of the spindle extends out of the box seat and is fixedly provided with a chuck, the rear end of the spindle extends out of the box seat and is connected with a motor, and the motor works to drive the spindle to rotate. The main shaft is also internally provided with a pull tube in a penetrating way, the front end of the pull tube is connected with the chuck, the rear end of the pull tube is connected with the oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder drives the chuck to act through the pull tube, so that the chuck clamps and loosens a workpiece.

Because the chuck is generally used for clamping disc parts, a special elastic chuck is required to be arranged on a lathe for clamping the thin shaft parts, and therefore, the lathe is required to be purchased for using the special elastic chuck, and the equipment cost is increased. For this reason, the designer provides a collet chuck that can be clamped by a chuck, such as a compound fixture of collet chuck for lathe disclosed in chinese patent document data, [ application number: cn200944979. X; bulletin number: CN201645173U ], comprising an elastic grip handle provided with one or more elastic grips, a movable flat plate, a backup cap, a locking screw and a fixed flat plate. The movable flat disc is a convex cylinder with a central hole, the convex cylinder is provided with a radial threaded through hole, the fixed flat disc is also a convex cylinder with a central hole, and the big cylinder is provided with a screw hole with two communicated ends. When in turning and clamping, a small cylinder of the fixed flat disc is arranged on a three-jaw chuck of a lathe, an elastic jacket arranged on the chuck end of the elastic chuck handle is arranged on a workpiece to be turned and is fastened through a backup cap, a clamping handle end of the elastic chuck handle is arranged at a center hole of the small cylinder end of the movable flat disc, a locking screw locks the elastic chuck handle through a screw hole on the movable flat disc, and the large cylinder end face of the movable flat disc is tightly attached to the large cylinder end face of the fixed flat disc by a hook-shaped pressing plate and a bolt of the lathe and enables the axial lead of the workpiece to be turned to be coaxial with a lathe main shaft.

The work piece is fastened on the elastic jacket through the spare cap, the spare cap is required to be screwed up circumferentially during work piece installation, large torque is required during screwing up the spare cap in order to ensure that the work piece is fixed stable, large torque is required to unscrew the spare cap during work piece disassembly, the large cylindrical end face of the movable flat disc is only pressed on the fixed flat disc through the hook-shaped pressing plate and the bolt, the large torque easily causes movement of the movable flat disc, the movable flat disc is caused to run in the radial direction, namely, the elastic jacket is caused to run in the radial direction relative to the fixed flat disc, the stability of the tool is insufficient during work piece batch processing, and the movable flat disc is required to be readjusted and positioned after each work piece is clamped.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides a clamp, and solves the technical problem that the existing clamp is insufficient in stability during batch processing of workpieces.

The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a fixture, includes elasticity clamp cylinder and fixed cylinder, elasticity clamp cylinder cartridge is in the front end of fixed cylinder and forms the conical surface cooperation, its characterized in that, be located the rear of elasticity clamp cylinder on the medial surface of fixed cylinder and have the locating wall, be provided with radial location and the axially slidable cooperation piece in the fixed cylinder that is located the locating wall, the preceding terminal surface of cooperation piece has the spout that relative axial slope set up, set up the ball groove on the rear end face of cooperation piece, be provided with the voussoir between locating wall and the cooperation piece in the fixed cylinder, the preceding terminal surface of voussoir leans on the locating wall, the rear end face of voussoir is the driving surface that relative axial slope set up, the voussoir is embedded into in the spout and the bottom surface of driving surface and voussoir leans on, threaded connection has the actuating lever that can drive radial slip on the lateral wall of fixed cylinder, elasticity between the medial surface of fixed cylinder and the lateral surface of voussoir is supported and is had the elastic component relative with the actuating lever, the rear end of elasticity clamp cylinder is fixed with the pull rod, the locating piece, the rear end of voussoir passes behind locating wall and the locating piece and the ball groove and the voussoir and the cooperation form in the locating piece.

When clamping a workpiece, the rear end of the fixed cylinder is clamped and fixed on a chuck of a lathe, then the workpiece to be machined is inserted into the front end of the elastic clamping cylinder, then the driving rod is rotated to drive the wedge block to slide along the radial direction, the wedge block slides in the sliding groove and drives the matching block to move backwards along the axial direction through the inclined driving surface, and the matching block pulls the pull rod backwards through the positioning block to enable the front end of the elastic clamping cylinder to shrink and clamp the workpiece along the radial direction. When the workpiece is disassembled, the driving rod is reversely rotated, the wedge block is reversely moved by the elastic force generated by the elastic piece, meanwhile, the front end of the elastic clamping cylinder is elastically reset and drives the pull rod to move forwards, and the matching block moves forwards along the axial direction and is kept to be abutted against the wedge block.

In the process of disassembling and assembling workpieces, the driving rod is screwed to clamp and loosen the workpieces, the wedge blocks are axially positioned between the positioning wall and the matching blocks and are embedded in the sliding grooves of the matching blocks, meanwhile, the matching blocks are radially positioned through the fixed cylinders, the rotation of the wedge blocks and the matching blocks around the axis of the driving rod cannot be caused when the driving rod is screwed, the matching blocks and the positioning blocks cannot radially run in the disassembling and assembling processes of the workpieces, the rear ends of the matching blocks and the positioning blocks form spherical surface matching, automatic centering between the matching blocks and the pull rods can be achieved, stress between the matching blocks and the positioning blocks is uniform, and the position deviation of the elastic clamping cylinders caused by stress bias of the positioning blocks is avoided. Therefore, the position of the elastic clamping cylinder and the position of the fixed cylinder can be kept in good consistency in the process of clamping the workpiece for a plurality of times, and compared with the existing clamp structure, the stability of the clamp in batch processing of the workpiece is improved.

In the fixture, a first plane, a second plane, a third plane and a fourth plane are sequentially arranged on the outer side face of the wedge block along the circumferential direction, the first plane is parallel to the third plane, the second plane is parallel to the fourth plane and symmetrically arranged, the first plane is perpendicular to the second plane, the inner end face of the driving rod abuts against the first plane, the elastic piece abuts against the third plane, and the second plane and the fourth plane are respectively abutted against two side faces of the sliding groove.

The elasticity of the elastic piece not only provides driving force for reverse movement reset of the wedge block, but also can ensure that the first plane keeps leaning against the inner end face of the driving rod, thereby being beneficial to ensuring that the wedge block cannot circumferentially rotate and ensuring the stability of the clamp during batch processing of workpieces. In addition, the first plane, the second plane, the third plane and the fourth plane are all planar structures, so that resistance can be reduced, and stability of the clamp in use is guaranteed. For example, the first plane is of a plane structure, so that friction resistance between the first plane and the inner end surface of the driving piece can be reduced when the driving piece rotates, and stability of the clamp in use is ensured; the second plane and the fourth plane are of plane structures and are symmetrically arranged in parallel, so that friction resistance between the first plane and the fourth plane and two side surfaces of the sliding groove can be reduced, meanwhile, the second plane is perpendicular to the first plane, resistance components formed by inclination can be avoided, the wedge blocks slide smoothly in the sliding groove, and stability of the clamp in use is guaranteed; the third plane is of a plane structure and is parallel to the first plane, so that the tangential component formed by the elastic force of the elastic piece can be prevented from causing circumferential rotation of the wedge block, and the stability of the clamp during batch processing of workpieces can be guaranteed.

In the clamp, the inner hole of the wedge block is a bar-shaped hole, the hole wall surface of the inner hole of the wedge block comprises two oppositely arranged and parallel inner hole planes, the inner hole planes are parallel to the second plane, and gaps are reserved between the two inner hole planes and the outer side surface of the pull rod.

The wall surface of the inner hole of the wedge block and the outer side surface of the pull rod are kept not in contact all the time in the radial sliding process of the wedge block, so that the change of the position of the elastic clamping cylinder caused by interference of the wedge block on the pull rod can be avoided, and the stability of the clamp in batch processing of workpieces is guaranteed.

In the clamp, an annular interval is formed between the hole wall surface of the inner hole of the positioning wall and the outer side surface of the pull rod.

The annular space provides a moving space for the positioning block and the matching block to automatically center through spherical matching, so that interference caused by contact between the pull rod and the positioning wall is avoided, and stability of the clamp during batch processing of workpieces is guaranteed.

In the clamp, an annular gap is formed between the hole wall surface of the inner hole of the matching block and the outer side surface of the pull rod.

The annular gap provides a moving space for the positioning block and the matching block to automatically center through spherical matching, so that the contact of the pull rod and the matching block is avoided to interfere, and the stability of the clamp during batch processing of workpieces is guaranteed.

In the above-described jig, the elastic member is in a block shape and made of an elastic resin, the front end of the elastic member elastically abuts against the positioning wall, and the rear end of the elastic member abuts against the fitting block.

The elastic piece not only can generate reset elastic force for the wedge block and ensure the abutting between the wedge block and the driving rod, but also can generate axial backward elastic force for the matching block, so that the matching between the matching block and the positioning block is ensured, and the use stability of the clamp is ensured.

In the fixture, the side wall of the fixed cylinder is also provided with a through hole opposite to the driving rod, the elastic piece is provided with a through groove corresponding to the through hole, and the wedge block and the sliding groove can be observed through the through hole and the through groove.

Through the through hole and the through groove, lubricating oil can be filled into the sliding groove, smooth sliding of the wedge block is ensured, whether the driving surface of the wedge block is propped against the bottom surface of the sliding groove or not can be observed, and therefore the use stability of the clamp is ensured.

In the fixture, the rear end face of the positioning wall is provided with a first positioning protrusion and a second positioning protrusion on two sides of the wedge block respectively, and the second plane and the fourth plane are respectively abutted to the first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion. The first positioning convex and the second positioning convex have a circumferential positioning function on the wedge block, so that the wedge block and the matching block are prevented from circumferential rotation, and the use stability of the clamp is guaranteed.

In the clamp, the positioning pin is fixed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder, the positioning pin and the driving rod are oppositely arranged, and the inner end of the positioning pin is inserted into the matching block. The locating pin has the circumference location effect to the cooperation piece, prevents that voussoir and cooperation piece from taking place circumference rotation, is favorable to guaranteeing the stability that anchor clamps used.

In the fixture, the driving rod comprises a first thread section and a second thread section which are coaxially arranged, the threads of the first thread section and the threads of the second thread section are opposite in rotation direction, the first thread section is in threaded connection with the side wall of the fixed cylinder, and the second thread section is inserted into the wedge block and forms threaded connection.

The arrangement of the first thread section and the second thread section can form a self-locking effect, so that the driving rod can not move when a workpiece is machined, and the stability of the clamp when the clamp clamps the workpiece is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the first thread section and the second thread section can further increase the sliding stroke of the wedge block when the driving rod rotates, so that the clamp can rapidly clamp and detach a workpiece.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the clamp can ensure that the position of the elastic clamping cylinder and the position of the fixed cylinder are consistent in the process of clamping workpieces for a plurality of times, and improves the stability of the clamp during batch processing of the workpieces. The clamp has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low manufacturing cost, good use stability, convenience in assembly and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present clip.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the clamp embodiment after the fixing cylinder is hidden.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the first embodiment of the present jig.

Fig. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view at A-A in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view at B-B in fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the clamp at the first and second locating projections.

Fig. 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the clamp at the drive rod.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the present jig.

In the figure, 1, an elastic clamping cylinder; 2. a fixed cylinder; 2a, positioning walls; 2b, a first positioning protrusion; 2c, a second positioning protrusion; 2d, through holes; 3. a pull rod; 4. a mating block; 4a, a chute; 4b, spherical grooves; 5. wedge blocks; 5a, driving surface; 5b, a first plane; 5c, a second plane; 5d, a third plane; 5e, a fourth plane; 5f, an inner hole plane; 6. a driving rod; 6a, a first thread segment; 6b, a second thread segment; 7. an elastic member; 7a, through grooves; 8. a positioning block; 9. spacing; 10. a gap; 11. an annular gap; 12. and (5) positioning pins.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a clamp comprises an elastic clamping cylinder 1 and a fixed cylinder 2, wherein the elastic clamping cylinder 1 is inserted into the front end of the fixed cylinder 2 and forms conical surface fit. The fixed cylinder 2 is cylindrical, the inner side surface of the front end of the fixed cylinder 2 is provided with a conical inner conical surface, the outer side surface of the front end of the elastic clamping cylinder 1 is provided with a conical inner conical surface matched with the conical inner conical surface, and the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface are in abutting fit to form conical surface matching. The front end face of the elastic clamping cylinder 1 is provided with elastic slits, the elastic slits penetrate through the outer side face and the inner side face of the elastic clamping cylinder 1, the elastic slits axially extend beyond the outer conical surface, and the elastic slits are four and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction. The workpiece is placed into an inner hole at the front end of the elastic clamping cylinder 1, and when the elastic clamping cylinder 1 moves backwards, the inner conical surface abuts against the outer conical surface to enable the front end of the elastic clamping cylinder 1 to shrink in diameter and clamp the workpiece; when the elastic clamping cylinder 1 moves forwards, the elastic clamping cylinder 1 resets to release the workpiece. The rear end of the elastic clamping cylinder 1 is fixed with a pull rod 3, and the pull rod 3 and the elastic clamping cylinder 1 are coaxially arranged. The front end of the tie rod 3 is inserted into the rear end of the elastic clip cylinder 1 and is screwed, so that the axial position of the tie rod 3 can be adjusted. In order to prevent the pull rod 3 from shifting during use, a fixing adhesive may be applied to the thread teeth of the pull rod 3 and the elastic clip 1. The pull rod 3 and the elastic clamping cylinder 1 can also be arranged into an integrated structure.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, a positioning wall 2a is provided on the inner side surface of the fixed cylinder 2 at the rear of the elastic clamping cylinder 1, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the positioning wall 2a are perpendicular to the axis of the fixed cylinder 2, and the front end surface and the rear end surface of the positioning wall 2a are both planes. The fixed cylinder 2 is provided with a radially positioned and axially slidable matching block 4 positioned behind the positioning wall 2a, the inner side surface of the fixed cylinder 2 is cylindrical, the outer side surface of the matching block 4 is cylindrical, and the matching block 4 is in clearance fit with the fixed cylinder 2 through a shaft hole. The front end face of the matching block 4 is provided with a chute 4a which is inclined relative to the axial direction, two ends of the chute 4a penetrate through the outer side face of the matching block 4, the bottom face of the chute 4a is an inclined plane, two side faces of the chute 4a are arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the bottom face of the chute 4a, and two side faces of the chute 4a are symmetrically arranged. The rear end face of the matching block 4 is provided with a spherical groove 4b, namely the groove face of the spherical groove 4b is a concave spherical surface.

A wedge block 5 is arranged between the positioning wall 2a and the matching block 4 in the fixed cylinder 2, the front end surface of the wedge block 5 is abutted against the positioning wall 2a, the rear end surface of the wedge block 5 is a driving surface 5a which is obliquely arranged relative to the axial direction, and the front end surface of the wedge block 5 and the driving surface 5a are both planes. The inclination angle of the driving surface 5a is the same as the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the chute 4a, the wedge 5 is embedded in the chute 4a and the driving surface 5a abuts against the bottom surface of the chute 4a. The wedge 5 can drive the engagement block 4 to slide in the axial direction in the fixed cylinder 2 when sliding in the chute 4a in the radial direction of the fixed cylinder 2. A driving rod 6 capable of driving the wedge block 5 to slide radially is connected to the side wall of the fixed cylinder 2 in a threaded manner, and an elastic piece 7 opposite to the driving rod 6 is elastically abutted between the inner side surface of the fixed cylinder 2 and the outer side surface of the wedge block 5. The driving rod 6 is a bolt or a screw, and the outer end of the driving rod 6 protrudes out of the outer side surface of the fixed cylinder 2. The elastic member 7 is block-shaped and made of elastic resin, and the front end of the elastic member 7 elastically abuts against the positioning wall 2a and the rear end of the elastic member 7 abuts against the fitting block 4. The rear end of the pull rod 3 passes through the positioning wall 2a, the wedge block 5 and the matching block 4, and then is fixed with a positioning block 8, the positioning block 8 is abutted against the matching block 4, and the front end of the positioning block 8 is embedded into the spherical groove 4b to form spherical matching. The front end surface of the positioning block 8 is a convex spherical surface which protrudes forwards and is in a spherical shape, the radius of the convex spherical surface is the same as that of the groove surface of the spherical groove 4b, and the convex spherical surface is abutted against the groove surface of the spherical groove 4b to form spherical surface matching. The positioning block 8 is sleeved on the rear end of the pull rod 3 and forms threaded connection; or the front end of the positioning block 8 has a connection post which is inserted into the rear end of the tie rod 3 and forms a screw connection.

The outer side surface of the wedge block 5 is sequentially provided with a first plane 5b, a second plane 5c, a third plane 5d and a fourth plane 5e along the circumferential direction, the first plane 5b is parallel to the third plane 5d, the second plane 5c is parallel to the fourth plane 5e and symmetrically arranged, the first plane 5b is perpendicular to the second plane 5c, the inner end surface of the driving rod 6 is abutted against the first plane 5b, the elastic piece 7 is abutted against the third plane 5d, and the second plane 5c and the fourth plane 5e are respectively abutted against two side surfaces of the chute 4a. The positioning wall 2a, the wedge block 5 and the matching block 4 are provided with inner holes, and the rear end of the pull rod 3 passes through the inner holes of the positioning wall 2a, the wedge block 5 and the matching block 4. An annular interval 9 is arranged between the wall surface of the inner hole of the positioning wall 2a and the outer side surface of the pull rod 3. The hole wall surface of the inner hole of the wedge block 5 comprises two oppositely arranged and parallel inner hole planes 5f, the inner hole planes 5f are parallel to the second plane 5c, and a gap 10 is formed between the two inner hole planes 5f and the outer side surface of the pull rod 3. An annular gap 11 is formed between the hole wall surface of the inner hole of the matching block 4 and the outer side surface of the pull rod 3. The side wall of the fixed cylinder 2 is also provided with a through hole 2d, the through hole 2d is opposite to the driving rod 6, the rear end surface of the elastic piece 7 is provided with a through groove 7a corresponding to the through hole 2d, and the wedge 5 and the chute 4a can be observed through the through hole 2d and the through groove 7 a. Through the through hole 2d and the through groove 7a, lubricating oil can be filled into the sliding groove 4a, whether the driving surface 5a of the wedge block 5 is abutted against the bottom surface of the sliding groove 4a or not can be observed through the through hole 2d and the through groove 7a, and even when the wedge block 5 is jammed, the wedge block 5 can be restored to slide by abutting against the wedge block 5 through the ejector pin through the through hole 2d and the through groove 7a, so that the use stability of the clamp is ensured.

When clamping a workpiece, the rear end of the fixed cylinder 2 is clamped and fixed on a chuck of a lathe, then the workpiece to be machined is inserted into the front end of the elastic clamping cylinder 1, then the driving rod 6 rotates to drive the wedge block 5 to slide along the radial direction, the wedge block 5 slides in the sliding groove 4a and drives the matching block 4 to move backwards along the axial direction through the inclined driving surface 5a, and the matching block 4 pulls the pull rod 3 backwards through the positioning block 8 so that the front end of the elastic clamping cylinder 1 radially contracts to clamp the workpiece. When the workpiece is disassembled, the driving rod 6 is reversely rotated, the wedge block 5 is reversely moved by the elastic force generated by the elastic piece 7, meanwhile, the elastic clamping cylinder 1 is reset and drives the pull rod 3 to move forwards, and the matching block 4 moves forwards along the axial direction and is kept to be abutted against the wedge block 5.

In the process of disassembling and assembling workpieces, the driving rod 6 is screwed to clamp and loosen the workpieces, the wedge block 5 is axially positioned between the positioning wall 2a and the matching block 4 and is embedded in the sliding groove 4a of the matching block 4, meanwhile, the matching block 4 is radially positioned through the fixed cylinder 2, the wedge block 5 and the matching block 4 cannot rotate around the axis of the driving rod 6 when the driving rod 6 is screwed, the matching block 4 and the positioning block 8 cannot radially run in the process of disassembling and assembling the workpieces, the rear end of the matching block 4 and the positioning block 8 form spherical surface matching, automatic centering between the matching block 4 and the pull rod 3 can be achieved, stress between the matching block 4 and the positioning block 8 is uniform, and the position offset of the elastic clamping cylinder 1 caused by stress offset of the positioning block 8 is avoided. Therefore, the positions of the elastic clamping cylinder 1 and the fixed cylinder 2 can be kept in good consistency in the process of clamping the workpiece for a plurality of times, and compared with the existing clamp structure, the stability of the clamp in batch processing of the workpiece is improved.

In addition, in the conventional design, the pull rod 3 is generally radially positioned on the fixing component, for example, the pull rod 3 and the inner hole of the positioning wall 2a form a shaft hole clearance fit to ensure the consistency of the positions of the elastic clamping cylinder 1 and the fixing cylinder 2, in the invention, a space 9 is arranged between the pull rod 3 and the positioning wall 2a, and the pull rod 3 is positioned by forming spherical fit between the sliding fit block 4 and the positioning block 8, so that the stability of the fixture in mass production of workpieces is ensured, and the novel structure is provided.

Example two

As shown in fig. 6, a first positioning projection 2b and a second positioning projection 2c are respectively provided on both sides of the wedge 5 on the rear end face of the positioning wall 2a, and a second plane 5c and a fourth plane 5e are respectively abutted against the first positioning projection 2b and the second positioning projection 2 c. The first positioning convex 2b and the second positioning convex 2c have a circumferential positioning function on the wedge block 5, so that circumferential rotation of the wedge block 5 and the matching block 4 is avoided, and the clamp is stable to use. The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Example III

As shown in fig. 7, the driving rod 6 includes a first screw thread section 6a and a second screw thread section 6b coaxially arranged, the screw thread directions of the first screw thread section 6a and the second screw thread section 6b are opposite, the first screw thread section 6a is screw-connected with the side wall of the fixed cylinder 2, and the second screw thread section 6b is inserted into the wedge 5 and forms screw-connection. To facilitate the insertion of the second thread segments 6b into the stationary barrel 2, the major diameter of the second thread segments 6b is smaller than the minor diameter of the first thread segments 6 a.

Example IV

As shown in fig. 8, a positioning pin 12 is fixed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder 2, the positioning pin 12 is opposite to the driving rod 6, a caulking groove is formed on the outer side surface of the matching block 4, and the inner end of the positioning pin 12 is inserted into the caulking groove. The cooperation of the positioning pin 12 and the caulking groove has a circumferential positioning effect on the cooperation block 4. The wedge block 5 and the matching block 4 are prevented from rotating circumferentially, so that the clamp is stable to use. The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Example five

The elastic piece 7 is a compression spring, and two ends of the compression spring respectively lean against the third plane 5d of the wedge block 5 and the inner side surface of the fixed cylinder 2. Other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment

The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (10)

1. The clamp comprises an elastic clamping cylinder (1) and a fixed cylinder (2), wherein the elastic clamping cylinder (1) is inserted into the front end of the fixed cylinder (2) and forms conical surface fit, the clamp is characterized in that a positioning wall (2 a) is arranged at the rear of the elastic clamping cylinder (1) on the inner side surface of the fixed cylinder (2), a radially positioned and axially sliding fit block (4) is arranged at the rear of the positioning wall (2 a) in the fixed cylinder (2), a sliding groove (4 a) which is obliquely arranged relative to the axial direction is arranged on the front end surface of the fit block (4), a ball-shaped groove (4 b) is formed in the rear end surface of the fit block (4), a wedge block (5) is arranged between the positioning wall (2 a) and the fit block (4), the front end surface of the wedge block (5) is abutted against the positioning wall (2 a), a driving surface (5 a) which is obliquely arranged relative to the axial direction is arranged, the wedge block (5) is embedded into the sliding groove (4 a) and is abutted against the inner side surface (6) of the fixed cylinder (2), the rear end of the elastic clamping cylinder (1) is fixedly provided with a pull rod (3), the rear end of the pull rod (3) penetrates through the positioning wall (2 a), the wedge block (5) and the matching block (4) and then is fixedly provided with a positioning block (8), and the positioning block (8) is embedded into the spherical groove (4 b) and forms spherical matching.

2. The clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that a first plane (5 b), a second plane (5 c), a third plane (5 d) and a fourth plane (5 e) are sequentially arranged on the outer side surface of the wedge block (5) along the circumferential direction, the first plane (5 b) is parallel to the third plane (5 d), the second plane (5 c) is parallel to the fourth plane (5 e) and symmetrically arranged, the first plane (5 b) is perpendicular to the second plane (5 c), the inner end surface of the driving rod (6) is abutted against the first plane (5 b), the elastic piece (7) is abutted against the third plane (5 d), and the second plane (5 c) and the fourth plane (5 e) are respectively abutted against two side surfaces of the sliding groove (4 a).

3. The clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner hole of the wedge block (5) is a bar-shaped hole, the hole wall surface of the inner hole of the wedge block (5) comprises two oppositely arranged and parallel inner hole planes (5 f), the inner hole planes (5 f) are parallel to the second plane (5 c), and a gap (10) is formed between the two inner hole planes (5 f) and the outer side surface of the pull rod (3).

4. A clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that a ring-shaped space (9) is provided between the wall surface of the inner hole of the positioning wall (2 a) and the outer side surface of the pull rod (3).

5. The clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that an annular gap (11) is provided between the wall surface of the inner bore of the mating block (4) and the outer side surface of the pull rod (3).

6. A clamp according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the elastic member (7) is block-shaped and made of elastic resin, the front end of the elastic member (7) elastically abuts against the positioning wall (2 a), and the rear end of the elastic member (7) abuts against the mating block (4).

7. The clamp according to claim 6, wherein the side wall of the fixed cylinder (2) is further provided with a through hole (2 d) opposite to the driving rod (6), the elastic piece (7) is provided with a through groove (7 a) corresponding to the through hole (2 d), and the wedge block (5) and the sliding groove (4 a) can be observed through the through hole (2 d) and the through groove (7 a).

8. A clamp according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the rear end face of the positioning wall (2 a) is provided with a first positioning projection (2 b) and a second positioning projection (2 c) on both sides of the wedge (5), respectively, the second plane (5 c) and the fourth plane (5 e) being in abutment with the first positioning projection (2 b) and the second positioning projection (2 c), respectively.

9. A clamp according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that a positioning pin (12) is fixed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder (2), the positioning pin (12) is arranged opposite to the driving rod (6), and the inner end of the positioning pin (12) is inserted into the matching block (4).

10. A clamp according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the drive rod (6) comprises a first threaded section (6 a) and a second threaded section (6 b) arranged coaxially, the first threaded section (6 a) being threaded against the second threaded section (6 b), the first threaded section (6 a) being threaded against the side wall of the stationary cylinder (2), the second threaded section (6 b) being inserted into the wedge (5) and forming a threaded connection.

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