CN116275009A - Perforating bullet shaped charge liner composite powder with self-cleaning performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Perforating bullet shaped charge liner composite powder with self-cleaning performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite powder of a perforating bullet liner with self-cleaning performance and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of perforation. The composite powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 48% -52% of tungsten powder; 21% -25% of electrolytic copper powder; 3% -5% of aluminum powder; 17% -19% of lead powder and 4% -6% of electrolytic nickel powder. The invention adds metal aluminum and nickel powder with energy-containing effect on the basis of the powder formula of the original inert tungsten powder, lead powder and copper powder, then prepares composite powder by adding the binder and the lubricant, and has the advantages of cleaning pore channels and improving the flow efficiency of the pore channels after the self-cleaning perforating bullet produced by adopting the powder is perforated, and the product is applied to the development process of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale gas, is beneficial to solving the problems of high formation fracture pressure and the like, and has better application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of perforation, in particular to a composite powder of a perforating bullet liner with self-cleaning performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Petroleum is a material foundation of modern industry and modern civilization, is an important energy source and an important industrial raw material which cannot be ignored in the development of modern economy, and has high dependence on petroleum in various industries. At present, large-scale oil fields in China already enter a three-high exploitation stage with high water content, high oil extraction rate and high extraction degree in the middle and later stages, and a serious challenge is provided for open source throttling work of petroleum exploitation. The high-efficiency perforation completion technology is a key technology for improving petroleum productivity, and specifically comprises a shaped perforation technology, a composite perforation technology and the like. The petroleum perforating bullet is a multiplier of oil well productivity and benefit, and the liner is the most main component of the petroleum perforating bullet. After the explosive is detonated, the crushed shaped charge liners can be rapidly converged to form metal jet flow, and the size of perforation aperture and perforation depth formed after the metal jet flow is penetrated directly influences the yield ratio of an oil well. The traditional petroleum perforating bullet liner is mostly made of red copper materials, jet flow formed by the simple substance metal materials is easy to generate pestle blockage in the penetration process, and the phenomenon of pestle blockage and reaming is serious, so that the oil yield of an oil-gas well is greatly affected.
The invention discloses an energy-containing powder liner, which is a self-cleaning perforating bullet applicable to petroleum exploitation industry, and is characterized in that the energy-containing powder liner is a conical liner with variable wall thickness, the top outer wall surface of the energy-containing powder liner is a plane, and the inner wall surface of the energy-containing powder liner is in arc transition. The caliber of the energy-containing powder liner is within the range of phi 32 mm-phi 46mm, the material is a mixture of 50% -85% of copper powder, 10% -25% of zirconium-based amorphous powder and 5% -25% of tungsten powder, and the total mass fraction of the mixture is 100%. The perforation aperture of the energy-containing powder liner can be improved by 10% -25%, the perforation depth is basically kept unchanged, and the effects of self cleaning, no pestle blockage, large aperture and high penetration depth can be achieved.
The prior art adopts 50 to 85 percent of copper powder, 10 to 25 percent of zirconium-based amorphous powder and 5 to 25 percent of tungsten powder as components of the energetic powder liner, wherein the zirconium powder is characterized by low ignition point and high burning speed, and is commonly used as an initiating explosive of an initiating detonator, the detonator can be exploded underwater, and the perforating bullet liner pressed by the powder has certain hidden danger in safety and higher price. The copper powder adopted in the prior art is usually atomized copper powder (the microscopic morphology is spherical or nearly spherical), and after the atomized copper powder is pressed into a blank, a pseudoalloy is formed on interfaces of tungsten powder copper powder and the like, and the pseudoalloy has the problems of difficult molding and difficult demolding due to small van der Waals force formed by limited contact surfaces between powder crystals (or amorphous phases) and low strength of the formed blank.
The invention discloses a liner of a large-aperture deep-penetration perforating bullet and a preparation method thereof, wherein the formulation of the liner comprises electrolytic copper powder, bismuth powder and tungsten powder, and the liner is characterized in that: the alloy also comprises bismuth powder, lead powder, aluminum powder, tin powder, iron powder, zinc powder and lubricating oil; the problems that the existing liner can not release a large amount of heat energy, and only the high-speed metal flow can be used for impacting the target body to complete the formation of the pore canal, so that the liner with a complex structure is required to obtain the distribution of expected jet flow quality and speed are solved.
The prior art formulation described above only enlarges the casing aperture but reduces the perforation depth, and the flow efficiency of the formed channels has an important relationship with the aperture and depth of the formed tunnels, i.e. tunnel volume, and the prior art described above enlarges the aperture by sacrificing the depth of the holes, which does not have a much superior effect on the improvement of tunnel volume.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides the composite powder of the shaped charge liner with self-cleaning performance and the preparation method thereof. The invention adds metal aluminum and nickel powder with energy-containing effect on the basis of the powder formula of the original inert tungsten powder, lead powder and copper powder, then prepares composite powder by adding the binder and the lubricant, and has the advantages of cleaning pore channels and improving the flow efficiency of the pore channels after the self-cleaning perforating bullet produced by adopting the powder is perforated, and the product is applied to the development process of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale gas, is beneficial to solving the problems of high formation fracture pressure and the like, and has better application prospect.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a perforating bullet shaped charge liner composite powder with self-cleaning performance, which comprises tungsten powder, electrolytic copper powder, aluminum powder and lead powder, and further comprises electrolytic nickel powder;
the composite powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
48% -52% of tungsten powder; 21% -25% of electrolytic copper powder; 3% -5% of aluminum powder; 17% -19% of lead powder and 4% -6% of electrolytic nickel powder.
Further, each component in the composite powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% tungsten powder, 23% electrolytic copper powder, 4% aluminum powder, 18% lead powder and 5% electrolytic nickel powder.
Further, what is said isThe purity of the tungsten powder is more than or equal to 99.95%; the loose ratio is 5.6-8.0 g/cm 3 Between them; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the flow rate is less than or equal to 25s/50g; the microscopic morphology is quasi-spherical or spherical.
Further, the screening indexes of the tungsten powder are as follows: 15% -50% of +100 meshes less than 15%, -100 to +200 meshes; 25% -50% of 200 meshes to +325 meshes; 15% -65% of minus 325 meshes.
Further, the purity of the electrolytic copper powder is more than or equal to 99.6%; the pine ratio is 1.8-2.3 g/cm 3 Between them; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the microscopic morphology is dendritic.
Further, the sieving index of the electrolytic copper powder is more than or equal to 90% in 200 meshes; -325 meshes of more than or equal to 60 percent.
Further, the aluminum powder is produced by adopting a dry ball milling mode. Its brand is FLQ355A.
Further, the purity of the lead powder is more than or equal to 99.7%; the pine ratio is 4.5-6 g/cm 3 Between them; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the microscopic morphology is nearly spherical.
Further, the screening index of the lead powder is-200 meshes and is more than or equal to 80 percent.
Further, the electrolytic nickel powder is selected to meet the standard grade of GB/T5247-2012 and is FND-1.
The invention provides a preparation method of a composite powder of a perforating bullet liner with self-cleaning performance, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing solvent oil: dissolving slice paraffin in D70 solvent oil at low temperature; the adding amount is that 0.4g of slice paraffin and 80ml of D70 solvent oil are added to each 1 kg of composite powder;
s2, weighing the metal powder of each component according to the component proportion of the composite powder; adding the weighed metal powder of each component into the solvent oil configured in the step S1, and mechanically mixing; spreading the mixture after uniform mixing in a drying oven, and drying;
and S3, sieving the dried mixture through a 60-target quasi-Taylor sieve, pouring the sieved mixture into a V-shaped mixer for mechanical mixing for 2 hours, and obtaining the composite powder after the mixing is completed.
Further, in the step S1, the slice paraffin is dissolved in D70 solvent oil at the temperature of 80 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects brought by the invention are as follows:
1. the self-cleaning type perforating bullet liner composite powder provided by the invention is prepared by adding the metal aluminum and nickel powder with energy-containing effect on the basis of the powder formula of the original inert tungsten powder, lead powder and copper powder, and then adding the binder and the lubricant, and has the advantages of cleaning pore channels and improving the flow efficiency of the pore channels after the self-cleaning type perforating bullet is perforated, and the self-cleaning type perforating bullet liner composite powder has better application prospect when being applied to the development process of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale gas and the like, and is beneficial to solving the problems of high formation fracture pressure and the like.
2. The advantages of the present invention compared to conventional charges are: firstly, lead powder is vaporized to flush a pore canal of a jet hole to form positive pressure, secondly, ball-milling aluminum powder is high in activity and reacts at a high temperature under heating to generate aluminum oxide, so that the forward pressure is further improved, the pore canal is improved, thirdly, the lead powder can be coated by paraffin, and a shaped charge liner with productivity can be manufactured under the condition of high tungsten powder content, so that optimal penetration depth can be provided, and the volume of the pore canal is improved.
3. Compared with CN111894533A, CN111894533A adopts energy-containing powder of zirconium powder added powder material, wherein the zirconium powder has the characteristics of low ignition point and high combustion speed, and is commonly used as an initiating explosive of an initiating detonator, the detonator can be exploded underwater, and a perforating bullet liner pressed by the powder has certain hidden danger in safety and high price. The aluminum oxide is produced by the oxidation reaction of aluminum powder in the invention, which is a typical exothermic reaction, and the process of the aluminum oxide produces a large amount of thermal entropy, and the enthalpy value of the reaction is higher than that of zirconium oxide (ZRO 2); at the same time, the electrolytic copper powder has a bulk density of 1.6g/cm 3 ~2.5g/cm 3 With added tungsten powder (usually greater than 6.5g/cm 3 ) The density difference is large, the density of the pressed blank is 60-70% due to the different particle sizes and the different compressibility, the porosity is 30-40%, and the nickel powder added in the invention is 5-10 umThe tiny particle powder can effectively fill the gaps of the pressed green body, so that the overall density and the green body density of the liner are enhanced, and in addition, the lead powder and the nickel powder added in the process of perforating the liner can form a jet flow similar to a solid solution mixed state, so that the jet flow is not easy to form space fracture in the stretching process.
4. Compared with CN111894533A, the copper powder commonly used in CN111894533A is atomized copper powder (the microscopic morphology is spherical or nearly spherical), the atomized copper powder forms a pseudoalloy on interfaces of tungsten powder copper powder and the like after being pressed into a blank, the pseudoalloy has small Van der Waals force due to limited contact surfaces between powder crystals (or non-crystals), and the strength of the formed blank is lower than that of electrolytic copper powder (the microscopic morphology is dendritic) adopted in the invention, so that the CN111894533A has the problems of difficult molding and difficult demolding under the condition of no lubricating oil addition. According to the invention, the solvent oil for enhancing the wettability of the powder particles is added, and the surface of the composite powder component particles is uniformly coated with a layer of paraffin with excellent lubricity in the preparation process, so that the component powder particles are easier to form in the compression molding process of dislocation, translation and the like among the component powder particles in the compression process, the contact surface among the powder particles is larger, the density is higher, and the strength of the compressed liner is higher.
5. CN111119803a can only enlarge the sleeve aperture but reduce the perforation depth compared to CN111119803a, and the flow efficiency of the formed channels has an important relation to the aperture and depth of the formed cells, i.e. the cell volume, and the technique enlarges the aperture at the expense of the hole depth, which does not have a much excellent effect on the promotion of the cell volume. Unlike the present invention with high tungsten powder content and the aim of producing aluminum oxide by oxidizing aluminum powder to release great amount of heat and form large pore size, the present invention has optimized pore size and depth and optimized pore volume under the condition of unchanged explosive amount, and thus has great significance in tungsten powder content, aluminum powder adding amount, lead powder and nickel powder adding. The energy in the jet penetration process comes from explosive explosion, and in ideal state, the complete explosion of the perforating charge instantaneously generates a great amount of highly compressed gas mixture such as N2, CO2, H2O and the like, the local pressure reaches hundreds of thousands of atmospheres, and simultaneously releases a great amount of heat, and the energy is outwards diffused in the form of shock waves to act on the metal of the liner to deform the metal, so that high-temperature and powerful metal jet is formed and penetrates through the oil well casing and the rock layer. The liner is subjected to strong impact of stratum rock in the jet penetration process to react instantaneously, and mainly reacts with metal Al and Ni to generate impact-induced chemical reaction (SICR) to form intermediate metal capable of outputting energy remarkably, wherein the reaction is different according to different forms, proportion conditions and impact conditions of the metal Al and Ni, and fig. 4 is a phase diagram of an Al/Ni system, and based on the phase diagram, specific reactions possibly occurring in jet materials are as follows:
Al+3Ni=Ni 3 Al △H=—38.3kJ/mol
Al+Ni=AlNi △H=—59.2kJ/mol
3Al+2Ni=Ni 2 Al 3 △H=—56.5kJ/mol
3Al+Ni=NiAl 3 △H=—37.7kJ/mol
the reaction is extremely fast, the high temperature of 5000K can be generated within 100 nanoseconds, the energy density generated in the moment of the reaction is similar to TNT explosion, so that the post-effect of jet flow generated by the perforating bullet can be enhanced, a pore canal compaction belt is cleaned, and a certain chemical reaction can be formed by combining aluminum powder and nickel powder through the analysis, so that a large amount of thermal entropy is produced.
6. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the solvent oil for enhancing the wettability of the metal powder particles of each component is added, the surface of the composite powder component particles is uniformly coated with a layer of paraffin with excellent lubricity in the preparation process, dislocation, translation and the like among the component powder particles are easier in the compression molding process, the contact surface among the powder particles is larger, the density is higher, and the strength of the compressed liner is higher.
7. The invention ensures that the self-cleaning shaped charge liner has optimized penetration performance on the premise of ensuring that the self-cleaning shaped charge liner has better pore passage characteristics due to aluminum powder combustion, and the density of the whole green body of the self-cleaning shaped charge liner is further improved on the premise of limiting the formula, and the following theoretical relationship exists between the density of the shaped charge liner and the penetration depth of the shaped charge liner:
the energy deposition of the penetration jet is calculated from the hydrodynamic penetration model. When the penetration distance dp is very small, the energy deposited by the jet is the energy consumed by the penetration of the jet at the distance dp (only the kinetic energy loss of the jet is considered at this time). When the penetration depth of the jet is dp, the consumed length of the jet is dl, and the density of the jet material and the target plate material is obtained according to the incompressible theory of the jet, wherein dj and dt represent the density of the jet material and the target plate material, and the penetration depth of the jet is proportional to the square root of the jet material as shown by the quasi-stationary theory, so that the improvement of the density of the jet material is the most direct and effective method for improving the penetration depth of the jet.
8. In the invention, tungsten powder is used as the powder with the greatest contribution to penetration performance in the formula of the composite powder of the liner, and spherical or nearly spherical powder particles can provide more excellent penetration type and are according to the common formula of kinetic energy
Where m is the mass, v is the velocity, the energy of the motion and the energy of the object due to the motion. The greater the speed of the object, the greater the mass and the more kinetic energy it has. The larger the mass of an object with the same moving speed is, the larger the kinetic energy of the object is, and the spherical tungsten powder particles can bring about larger monomer mass in the explosion process.
9. The screening indexes of the metal powder are limited in the invention, the overall particle size distribution of the powder components presents a normal distribution, and the overall particle size distribution can form a blank with higher density and lower porosity in the process of pressing the liner.
10. The invention limits the aluminum powder to be produced by adopting a dry ball milling mode, the brand is FLQ A, and the aluminum powder is characterized in that the specific surface of the aluminum powder is further increased after ball milling, the activity is improved, and aluminum oxide is oxidized to form aluminum oxide in the perforation process to release a large amount of enthalpy.
11. In the invention, lead powder is taken as a medium-density powder in the composite powder, and has lower density, the melting point is only 327 ℃, the lead powder can be gasified after explosion, a certain positive effect is played on flushing of perforation tunnels, in addition, the normal result form of the composite powder on granularity can be optimized, the compactness of the liner is improved, in addition, lead is taken as a face-centered crystal result material, the lead powder has a certain lubrication effect on a die, and the maintenance and demolding operation of the die are facilitated. The limit of the granularity of the lead powder is favorable for the normal distribution of the granularity of the whole composite powder.
12. The electrolytic nickel powder meeting the standard is selected, so that the product quality control is facilitated, in addition, the electrolytic nickel powder with the brand number has smaller granularity, the granularity is 5-25 mu m, and the filling of the shaped charge liner pores is facilitated. The combination of the aluminum powder and the nickel powder can form a certain chemical reaction, and plays a positive role in scouring the pore canal.
13. According to the characteristics of higher specific gravity and larger proportion of the powder, the optimized proportion of the tungsten powder and the lead powder is obtained through repeated experiments, and the significance of the optimized proportion comprises the following two aspects: the formula is an optimally matched formula result based on the size and penetration depth of a perforated pore canal.
14. In the invention, the adding proportion and the adding mode of the slice paraffin and the D70 oil-soluble agent and the physical state during the adding are of great importance, the adding proportion is too high, the whole density of the powder is low, the follow-up sintering process is not easy to degrease, the adding proportion is low, the blank body is cracked in the blank pressing process, the oil-soluble agent is favorable for degreasing in the follow-up sintering process, and the problem of blank cracking in the blank making process can be effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a self-cleaning charge liner of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional charge liner through the target;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the performance of a self-cleaning charge liner of the present invention with a conventional charge liner;
FIG. 4 is a phase diagram of the Al/Ni reaction process simulated by SICR;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the density of a liner and the strength of a tungsten copper compact;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of ground simulation target penetration.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described below based on examples, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in detail. However, for the part not described in detail, the present invention is also fully understood by those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of illustrating the objects, features, and advantages of the invention and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Meanwhile, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, it is the meaning of "including but not limited to".
Examples
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the embodiment discloses a composite powder of a perforating bullet liner with self-cleaning performance, and the formula of the powder is shown in the following table:
the purity of the tungsten powder is more than or equal to 99.95%; the loose ratio is 5.6-8.0 g/cm 3 Between them; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the flow rate is less than or equal to 25s/50g; the microscopic morphology is quasi-spherical or spherical. The screening indexes of the tungsten powder are as follows: 15% -50% of +100 meshes less than 15%, -100 to +200 meshes; 25% -50% of 200 meshes to +325 meshes; 15% -65% of minus 325 meshes. The purity of the electrolytic copper powder is more than or equal to 99.6%; the pine ratio is 1.8-2.3 g/cm 3 Between them; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the microscopic morphology is dendritic. The sieving index of the electrolytic copper powder is-200 meshes and is more than or equal to 90 percent; -325 meshes of more than or equal to 60 percent. The aluminum powder is produced by adopting a dry ball milling mode. Its brand is FLQ355A. The purity of the lead powder is more than or equal to 99.7%; the pine ratio is 4.5-6 g/cm 3 Between them; oxygen contentLess than or equal to 0.15 percent; the microscopic morphology is nearly spherical. The screening index of the lead powder is-200 meshes which is more than or equal to 80 percent. The electrolytic nickel powder is selected to meet GB/T5247-2012 standard brand as FND-1.
Preparing solvent oil: dissolving slice paraffin in D70 solvent oil at low temperature; the adding amount is that 0.4g of slice paraffin and 80ml of D70 solvent oil are added to each 1 kg of composite powder;
weighing the metal powder of each component according to the component proportion of the composite powder; adding the weighed metal powder of each component into the solvent oil configured in the step S1, and mechanically mixing; spreading the mixture after uniform mixing in a drying oven, and drying;
sieving the dried mixture through a 60-target standard Taylor sieve, pouring the sieved mixture into a V-shaped mixer for mechanical mixing for 2 hours, and obtaining the composite powder after the mixing is completed.
The conventional 89-type perforating bullet liner and the 89-type self-cleaning perforating bullet liner are used for detecting the flow efficiency of products from the quality supervision and inspection center of perforating equipment in the oil industry and the gas field. The correlation detection and calculation results are shown in the following table:
the test results of example 2 are shown in fig. 1 and the test results of a conventional charge liner are shown in fig. 2. By comparing fig. 1 and 2, it is evident that the test targets using self-cleaning charges have relatively regular tunnels and the tunnels have larger diameters than conventional charges. The end of the duct can be seen as a distinct burning phenomenon.
From the detection results in the table, the self-cleaning perforating bullet of the invention has basically the same inlet aperture as the conventional perforating bullet, the conventional perforating bullet is slightly deeper in the aspect of penetration depth, and the self-cleaning perforating bullet of the invention is obviously higher than the conventional perforating bullet in the aspect of pore volume. The self-cleaning type perforating charge of the present invention is superior to the conventional perforating charge in terms of average flow rate and flow efficiency, as shown in fig. 3.
The flow efficiency of the 89-type self-cleaning perforating bullet can be improved by 15.2 percent compared with that of an 89-type conventional perforating bullet, and the average flow rate is improved by 17.9 percent.
Electrolytic copper powder (-200 to +500 meshes) 41.5% is adopted in the CN11119803A according to the formula 1; 17.5% of lead powder (-200 to +450 meshes); bismuth powder (-200 to +400 mesh) 12%; tungsten powder (-100 to +325 mesh) 22.5%; aluminum powder (-100 to +325 meshes) 2.3%; tin powder (-100 to +325 mesh) 1.2%; iron powder (200 to +325 meshes) 1.2%; zinc powder (-300 to +500 meshes) 1.8%; 0.05-0.1% of lubricating oil; the powder mixing step disclosed in the patent document is used for preparing powder type cover mixed powder and pressing the powder type cover;
the composite powder prepared by the formula and the preparation method in the embodiment 2 is pressed into a patent cover; adopting a ground simulation target penetrating device as shown in fig. 6; the medium is clear water, and a comparison experiment is carried out, so that the experimental result is finally obtained as shown in the following table:
from the results of the two comparison experiments, the self-cleaning perforating bullet shaped charge liner has the advantages that the penetration performance is superior to that of CN111119803A, and the comprehensive performance in the pore volume is optimal although the aperture is lower than that of CN 111119803A.
The invention is different from CN111119803A, after perforation construction service, a channel which is communicated with an oil-gas layer and a casing layer is formed between a casing and a stratum under an oil-gas well, the flow efficiency of the channel is in an important relation with the aperture and the depth of a formed pore canal, and is simply described as a quantifiable parameter obtained by multiplying the aperture by the depth, namely the pore canal volume (pore volume), and the invention only emphasizes the aperture in a single way.
A number of models were built abroad to describe the reaction process of energetic materials under impact, where the impact induced chemical reaction model is a numerical simulation of the kinetic energy model alone of the metal chemical reaction process, as shown in FIG. 4, which is the micromechanics study of Al/Ni.
The energy of jet penetration process comes from explosive explosion, and in ideal state, the complete explosion of the charge of the perforating bullet instantaneously generates a large amount of high compression such as N 2 ，CO 2 ，H 2 O and other gas mixture, the partial pressure reaches hundreds of thousands of atmospheric pressure, and simultaneously, a large amount of heat is released, and the energy is outwards diffused in a shock wave mode and acts on the shaped charge liner metal to deform the shaped charge liner metal, so that high-temperature powerful metal jet is formed and penetrates through the oil well casing and the rock layer.
The liner is subjected to strong impact of stratum rock in the jet penetration process to react instantaneously, and mainly reacts with metal Al and Ni to generate impact-induced chemical reaction (SICR) to form intermediate metal capable of outputting energy remarkably, wherein the reaction is different according to different forms, proportion conditions and impact conditions of the metal Al and Ni, and fig. 4 is a phase diagram of an Al/Ni system, and based on the phase diagram, specific reactions possibly occurring in jet materials are as follows:
Al+3Ni=Ni 3 Al △H=—38.3kJ/mol
Al+Ni=AlNi △H=—59.2kJ/mol
3Al+2Ni=Ni 2 Al 3 △H=—56.5kJ/mol
3Al+Ni=NiAl 3 △H=—37.7kJ/mol
the reaction is extremely fast, the high temperature of 5000K can be generated within 100 nanoseconds, the energy density generated in the moment of the reaction is similar to TNT explosion, so that the post-effect of jet flow generated by the perforating bullet can be enhanced, a pore canal compaction belt is cleaned, and a certain chemical reaction can be formed by combining aluminum powder and nickel powder through the analysis, so that a large amount of thermal entropy is produced.
According to the invention, on the premise of ensuring that the self-cleaning shaped charge liner has better pore passage characteristics due to aluminum powder combustion, the optimized penetration performance is ensured, the density of an integral green body of the self-cleaning shaped charge liner is further improved on the premise of limiting a formula, and the following theoretical relationship exists between the density of the shaped charge liner and the penetration depth of the shaped charge liner:
the energy deposition of the penetration jet is calculated from the hydrodynamic penetration model. When the penetration distance dp is extremely small, the energy deposited by the jet is the energy consumed by the penetration of the jet at the distance dp (only the kinetic energy loss of the jet is considered at this time). When the penetration depth of the jet is dp, the consumed length of the jet is dl, and according to the incompressible theory of the jet, dj and dt represent the densities of the jet material and the target plate material, and the penetration depth of the jet is proportional to the square root of the jet material as shown in fig. 5, so that the improvement of the jet material density is the most direct and effective method for improving the jet perforation depth.
The invention uses various characteristic parameters of the powder, which are derived from the comparison of a large amount of data by the following experimental method, and the comparison shows that the overall density and density of the liner can be obviously improved by applying various powder characteristics of the invention under the condition of unchanged liner formula. The experimental method is as follows:
the volume of the liner is tested by using an electronic analytical balance and a drainage method, and then the actual density of the liner is calculated
。
in the method, in the process of the invention, r -actual density (%);
-actual measured density (g/cm 3); />
Theoretical density of- -W (g/cm 3); />
-theoretical density of Cu (g/cm 3); c 1 Mass percent (%) -W; c 2 Mass percent (%) of Cu.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides a perforation bullet shaped charge cover composite powder that possesses self-cleaning performance, composite powder include tungsten powder, electrolytic copper powder, aluminium powder and lead powder, its characterized in that: the electrolytic nickel powder is also included;
the composite powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
48% -52% of tungsten powder; 21% -25% of electrolytic copper powder; 3% -5% of aluminum powder; 17% -19% of lead powder and 4% -6% of electrolytic nickel powder.
2. A composite powder for a charge liner having self-cleaning properties as defined in claim 1, wherein: the composite powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% tungsten powder, 23% electrolytic copper powder, 4% aluminum powder, 18% lead powder and 5% electrolytic nickel powder.
3. A composite powder for a charge liner having self-cleaning properties as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the purity of the tungsten powder is more than or equal to 99.95%; the loose ratio is 5.6-8.0 g/cm 3 Between them; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the flow rate is less than or equal to 25s/50g; the microscopic morphology is quasi-spherical or spherical.
4. A composite powder for a charge liner having self-cleaning properties as defined in claim 3, wherein: the screening indexes of the tungsten powder are as follows: 15% -50% of +100 meshes less than 15%, -100 to +200 meshes; 25% -50% of 200 meshes to +325 meshes; 15% -65% of minus 325 meshes.
5. A composite powder for a charge liner having self-cleaning properties as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the purity of the electrolytic copper powder is more than or equal to 99.6%; the pine ratio is 1.8-2.3 g/cm 3 Between them; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the microscopic morphology is dendritic.
6. The composite powder of the charge liner with self-cleaning performance of claim 5, wherein: the sieving index of the electrolytic copper powder is-200 meshes and is more than or equal to 90 percent; -325 meshes of more than or equal to 60 percent.
7. A composite powder for a charge liner having self-cleaning properties as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the aluminum powder is produced by adopting a dry ball milling mode.
8. A composite powder for a charge liner having self-cleaning properties as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the purity of the lead powder is more than or equal to 99.7%; the pine ratio is 4.5-6 g/cm 3 Between them; the oxygen content is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the microscopic morphology is nearly spherical.
9. The composite powder of the charge liner with self-cleaning performance of claim 8, wherein: the screening index of the lead powder is-200 meshes which is more than or equal to 80 percent.
10. A composite powder for a charge liner having self-cleaning properties as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the electrolytic nickel powder is selected to meet GB/T5247-2012 standard brand as FND-1.
11. A method of preparing a composite powder for a shaped charge liner having self-cleaning properties as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing solvent oil: dissolving slice paraffin in D70 solvent oil at low temperature; the adding amount is that 0.4g of slice paraffin and 80ml of D70 solvent oil are added to each 1 kg of composite powder;
s2, weighing the metal powder of each component according to the component proportion of the composite powder; adding the weighed metal powder of each component into the solvent oil configured in the step S1, and mechanically mixing; spreading the mixture after uniform mixing in a drying oven, and drying;
and S3, sieving the dried mixture through a 60-target quasi-Taylor sieve, pouring the sieved mixture into a V-shaped mixer for mechanical mixing for 2 hours, and obtaining the composite powder after the mixing is completed.
12. The method for preparing the composite powder of the shaped charge liner with self-cleaning performance according to claim 11, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the S1 step, the slice paraffin is dissolved in D70 solvent oil at the temperature of 80 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111568856.5A CN116275009A (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Perforating bullet shaped charge liner composite powder with self-cleaning performance and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111568856.5A CN116275009A (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Perforating bullet shaped charge liner composite powder with self-cleaning performance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202111568856.5A Pending CN116275009A (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Perforating bullet shaped charge liner composite powder with self-cleaning performance and preparation method thereof |
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