CN116269422A - Fetal electrocardio separation acquisition method and device with high signal-to-noise ratio - Google Patents
Fetal electrocardio separation acquisition method and device with high signal-to-noise ratio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering, in particular to a method and a device for obtaining fetal electrocardiosignals with high signal to noise ratio through preprocessing mixed mother electrocardiosignals, extracting mother electrocardiosignals from the preprocessed mixed mother electrocardiosignals, obtaining the mother electrocardiosignals with high accuracy through quality detection on the mother electrocardiosignals, obtaining the fetal electrocardiosignals through removing the mother electrocardiosignals with high accuracy from the preprocessed mixed mother electrocardiosignals, obtaining the fetal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy through quality detection on the fetal electrocardiosignals, receiving signals through a DSP processing unit and performing digital conversion, thereby outputting the fetal electrocardiosignals with high signal to noise ratio, and solving the problem that the fetal electrocardiosignals are easily interfered by the mother electrocardiosignals, and the accuracy of fetal electrocardiosignal monitoring results is not high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering, in particular to a fetal electrocardio separation acquisition method and device with high signal-to-noise ratio.
Background
The fetal electrocardio monitoring needs to separate a maternal electrocardio signal (MECG, maternal Electrocardiogram) from a mixed electric signal collected from a maternal abdomen, and the fetal electrocardio signal (FECG, fetal electrocardiogram) is usually accompanied by 50Hz power frequency interference, baseline drift and interference of some low-frequency signals in the maternal electrocardio signal separation process, so that the collected signals are preprocessed; and secondly, positioning R waves of the mother QRS (namely MQRS), constructing a MECG template, and extracting the FECG signal after removing the MECG.
However, the signals of the FECG are very weak and are easy to be interfered by MECG signals, and if the R wave positioning of the MQRS is inaccurate, the accuracy of maternal-fetal signal separation can be influenced, so that the accuracy of fetal electrocardiograph monitoring results is seriously influenced. Therefore, how to accurately position the R wave of the MQRS to improve the accuracy of maternal-fetal signal separation, thereby improving the accuracy of fetal electrocardiograph monitoring results is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for separating and acquiring fetal electrocardiosignals with high signal-to-noise ratio, which are used for solving the problem that the accuracy of fetal electrocardiosignals is low because the fetal electrocardiosignals are easily interfered by mother electrocardiosignals.
Based on the above object, the present invention provides a fetal electrocardiograph separation acquisition method with high signal-to-noise ratio, which is characterized by comprising:
a1: preprocessing the mixed parent electrocardiosignals;
a2: r peak detection is carried out on the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiograph so as to construct primary parent electrocardiograph estimation;
a3: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period in the primary estimation of the maternal electrocardiosignal to perform electrocardiosignal quality detection, so as to obtain a maternal electrocardiosignal quality index;
a4: comparing a maternal electrocardio quality index with a maternal electrocardio quality threshold value, judging whether a condition is met, if so, acquiring an electrocardio signal corresponding to the maternal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to a target signal group, constructing a maternal electrocardio secondary estimation, if not, returning to the step A3, acquiring an electrocardio signal sequence of an adjacent period in the maternal electrocardio primary estimation, detecting until the condition is met, acquiring the electrocardio signal corresponding to the maternal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to the target signal group, and constructing a maternal electrocardio secondary estimation;
a5: performing difference calculation on the secondary estimation of the maternal electrocardiosignals and the preprocessed mixed maternal electrocardiosignals, and setting a calculation result as primary estimation of fetal electrocardiosignals;
a6: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period in the preliminary estimation of fetal electrocardiosignal to perform electrocardiosignal quality detection, so as to obtain a fetal electrocardiosignal quality index;
a7: comparing the fetal electrocardio quality index with a fetal electrocardio quality threshold value, judging whether a condition is met, if so, acquiring an electrocardio signal corresponding to the fetal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to a target signal group, constructing a fetal electrocardio secondary estimation, if not, returning to the step A6, acquiring an electrocardio signal sequence of an adjacent period in the fetal electrocardio primary estimation, detecting until the condition is met, acquiring the electrocardio signal corresponding to the fetal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to the target signal group, and constructing the fetal electrocardio secondary estimation;
a8: and constructing a reconstruction matrix for the secondary estimation of the fetal electrocardiosignal to obtain the fetal electrocardiosignal with high signal-to-noise ratio.
Preferably, in the A1, 50Hz digital notch and 0.05-100 Hz band-pass filter design are adopted to complete the pretreatment of the mixed parent electrocardiosignal.
Preferably, in the method for detecting an R peak in A2, the method includes detecting an R peak in maternal abdominal electrocardiograph, setting a length as T, locating the R peak from a window with the length as T, wherein T is approximately an RR interval, mapping the RR interval to a phase domain by calculating a phase, taking a middle point of the RR interval as a starting point, and a formula of the phase interval is as follows:
Δθ＝2πT S /T R
T S for sampling interval, T R Is RR interval;
obtaining template signals by adopting an arithmetic average method, and setting all QRS waves as x respectively 1 ,x 2 ,...,x n The formula for reconstructing MECG template is:
the average duration of the maternal QRS complex is obtained by averaging the winding beats at all times to construct a maternal electrocardiographic preliminary estimate.
Preferably, in the A5, the difference calculation includes setting a length of a sequence N, and setting the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiographic signal sequence as aecg= { x 1 ,x 2 ,...,x N Let the secondary estimation sequence of the maternal electrocardiograph be MECG= { y 1 ,y 2 ,...,y N Obtaining a new sequence by differencing the mixed parent electrocardio signal sequence and the parent electrocardio secondary estimation sequence, namely a fetal electrocardio preliminary estimation sequence FECG= { (x) 1 -y 1 ),(x 2 -y 2 ),...,(x N -y N )}。
Preferably, in A8, the constructing the reconstruction matrix includes:
b1: estimating the length of RR intervals of secondary estimation of fetal electrocardio through R peak detection, continuously estimating the length of 2q RR intervals, recording the length of each 2 adjacent RR intervals, and sequentially recording as l in sequence as a column period 1 ,l 2 ,…,l q ；
B2: continuously intercepting 2q segments of fetal electrocardiograph data, recording length every two RR segments, and selecting the maximum length l max ＝max(l 1 ,l 2 ,…,l q ) As a reconstruction matrix A f The number of columns of (a);
b3: if matrix A f Electrocardiogram data of the kth line (1.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.2q)Length l k Equal to l max Make other length smaller than l max Is changed into l by filling zero after the electrocardiograph data max To obtain a period of l max To construct a2 qxl electrocardiosignal max Is a reconstructed matrix a of (a) f The method comprises the following steps:
b4: through singular value decomposition, the maximum singular value sigma is reserved 1 Setting the rest singular values to 0 to obtain a matrix A f The estimation of (1) is:
u 1 and
are singular value parameters;
b5: discarding the data corresponding to the original zero-filling position in the matrix, sequentially taking out the rest data from top to bottom according to rows and rearranging the rest data into one-dimensional signals so as to obtain 2 q-section fetal electrocardiosignals from which noise is removed;
b6: repeating the steps B1-B5, and processing 2q segments of electrocardiograph data each time, namely denoising all fetal electrocardiograph signals, so as to obtain fetal electrocardiograph signals with high signal-to-noise ratio.
Preferably, the method for detecting the electrocardiographic quality comprises the following steps:
c1: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period of a preset length;
c2: reconstructing a phase space of an electrocardiosignal sequence, and calculating the electrocardiosignal according to the occurrence times of various arrangement conditions so as to obtain arrangement entropy;
and C3: acquiring an entropy threshold, and calculating a quality index of the electrocardiosignal according to the permutation entropy and the entropy threshold;
and C4: acquiring a quality threshold, judging whether the quality index meets the standard according to the quality threshold, if so, acquiring an electrocardiosignal corresponding to the quality index, and adding the electrocardiosignal to a target signal group; if not, returning to the step C1, updating the entropy threshold according to the quality index, collecting electrocardiosignals in adjacent time intervals for phase space reconstruction, and obtaining the electrocardiosignals corresponding to the quality index and adding the electrocardiosignals to a target signal group when the quality index meets the quality threshold.
Preferably, in the C2, the method for obtaining permutation entropy includes setting a one-dimensional time sequence: { Y (i), i=1, 2,.., n }, length n, performing phase space reconstruction on any element Y (i), and performing coordinate delay on each sampling point according to a phase space reconstruction delay coordinate method proposed by Takens, to obtain a reconstruction vector group of m-dimensional space:
Y i ＝[y(i),y(i+l),...,y(i+(m-1)l)]
wherein: m and l are the embedding dimension and delay time, respectively, Y i The m reconstruction components of (a) are arranged in ascending order to obtain:
y(i+(j 1 -1)l)≤y(i+(j 2 -1)l)≤...≤y(i+(j m -1)l)
the resulting vector Y i Is arranged in { j }, way 1 ,j 2 ,...,j m Counting the occurrence times of various situations in the whole sequence, and calculating the occurrence relative frequency of various arrangement situations as probability P thereof 1 ,P 2 ,...,P k K is less than or equal to m-! The permutation entropy is calculated from the definition of Shannon information entropy:
to obtain permutation entropy.
An apparatus for a fetal electrocardiographic separation acquisition method with high signal-to-noise ratio, comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignals;
the parent electrocardiosignal acquisition module is used for acquiring the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignal to obtain a parent electrocardiosignal;
the first detection module is used for detecting the maternal electrocardiosignals and acquiring the maternal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
the fetal electrocardiosignal separation module is used for separating fetal electrocardiosignals from the preprocessed mixed mother electrocardiosignals by combining with the maternal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
the second detection module is used for detecting the fetal electrocardiosignals and acquiring the fetal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
and the DSP processing unit is used for receiving the fetal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy and outputting the fetal electrocardiosignals with high signal-to-noise ratio.
Preferably, the signal acquisition module includes:
the electrode falling detection module is used for detecting whether the electrode plate is separated or not, and if so, acquiring a mixed parent electrocardiosignal;
and the signal conditioning module is used for carrying out pretreatment such as amplification, filtering and the like on the collected mixed parent electrocardiosignals.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of preprocessing a mixed parent electrocardiosignal, collecting the parent electrocardiosignal from the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignal, carrying out quality detection on the parent electrocardiosignal to obtain a parent electrocardiosignal with high accuracy, removing the parent electrocardiosignal with high accuracy from the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignal to obtain a fetal electrocardiosignal, carrying out quality detection on the fetal electrocardiosignal to obtain the fetal electrocardiosignal with high accuracy, receiving the signal by a DSP processing unit and carrying out digital conversion, thereby outputting the fetal electrocardiosignal with high signal to noise ratio, and solving the problem that the fetal electrocardiosignal is easily interfered by the parent electrocardiosignal, and the accuracy of a fetal electrocardiosignal monitoring result is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only of the invention and that other drawings can be obtained from them without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining fetal electrocardiograph separation with high signal-to-noise ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for R-peak detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the construction of a reconstruction matrix according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for detecting electrocardiographic quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a fetal heart rate separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein should be taken in a general sense as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also be changed when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a method for obtaining fetal electrocardiograph with high signal-to-noise ratio includes:
a1: preprocessing the mixed parent electrocardiosignals;
a2: r peak detection is carried out on the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiograph so as to construct primary parent electrocardiograph estimation;
a3: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period in the primary estimation of the maternal electrocardiosignal to perform electrocardiosignal quality detection, so as to obtain a maternal electrocardiosignal quality index;
a4: comparing a maternal electrocardio quality index with a maternal electrocardio quality threshold value, judging whether a condition is met, if so, acquiring an electrocardio signal corresponding to the maternal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to a target signal group, constructing a maternal electrocardio secondary estimation, if not, returning to the step A3, acquiring an electrocardio signal sequence of an adjacent period in the maternal electrocardio primary estimation, detecting until the condition is met, acquiring the electrocardio signal corresponding to the maternal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to the target signal group, and constructing a maternal electrocardio secondary estimation;
a5: performing difference calculation on the secondary estimation of the maternal electrocardiosignals and the preprocessed mixed maternal electrocardiosignals, and setting a calculation result as primary estimation of fetal electrocardiosignals;
a6: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period in the preliminary estimation of fetal electrocardiosignal to perform electrocardiosignal quality detection, so as to obtain a fetal electrocardiosignal quality index;
a7: comparing the fetal electrocardio quality index with a fetal electrocardio quality threshold value, judging whether a condition is met, if so, acquiring an electrocardio signal corresponding to the fetal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to a target signal group, constructing a fetal electrocardio secondary estimation, if not, returning to the step A6, acquiring an electrocardio signal sequence of an adjacent period in the fetal electrocardio primary estimation, detecting until the condition is met, acquiring the electrocardio signal corresponding to the fetal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to the target signal group, and constructing the fetal electrocardio secondary estimation;
a8: and constructing a reconstruction matrix for the secondary estimation of the fetal electrocardiosignal to obtain the fetal electrocardiosignal with high signal-to-noise ratio.
As an alternative embodiment, in A1, a 50Hz digital notch and a 0.05-100 Hz band-pass filter design are adopted to complete the pretreatment of the mixed parent electrocardiosignal, so as to eliminate power frequency interference and inhibit baseline drift.
As an optional embodiment, in the method for detecting R peak in A2, the method includes detecting R peak of maternal abdominal electrocardiograph, setting a length T, locating R peak from a window with the length T, where T is approximately an RR interval, mapping the RR interval to a phase domain by calculating a phase, taking a middle point of the RR interval as a starting point, and a formula of the phase interval is as follows:
Δθ＝2πT S /T R
T S for sampling interval, T R For RR interval, realizing electrocardiographic beat;
obtaining template signals by adopting an arithmetic average method, and setting all QRS waves as x respectively 1 ,x 2 ,...,x n The formula for reconstructing MECG template is:
the average duration of the maternal QRS complex is obtained by averaging the winding beats at all times to construct a maternal electrocardiographic preliminary estimate.
As an optional embodiment, in the A5, the difference calculation includes setting N as a length of a sequence, and setting the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiographic signal sequence as aecg= { x 1 ,x 2 ,...,x N Let the secondary estimation sequence of the maternal electrocardiograph be MECG= { y 1 ,y 2 ,...,y N Obtaining a new sequence by differencing the mixed parent electrocardio signal sequence and the parent electrocardio secondary estimation sequence, namely a fetal electrocardio preliminary estimation sequence FECG= { (x) 1 -y 1 ),(x 2 -y 2 ),...,(x N -y N )}。
As an optional embodiment, in A8, constructing the reconstruction matrix includes:
b1: estimating the length of RR intervals of secondary estimation of fetal electrocardio through R peak detection, and continuously estimating the length of 2q RR intervals, wherein every 2 adjacent segmentsThe RR intervals of (2) are recorded once as a column period, and are sequentially denoted as l 1 ,l 2 ,…,l q ；
B2: continuously intercepting 2q segments of fetal electrocardiograph data, recording length every two RR segments, and selecting the maximum length l max ＝max(l 1 ,l 2 ,…,l q ) As a reconstruction matrix A f The number of columns of (a);
b3: if matrix A f The k-th line (k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 2 q) of the electrocardio data length l k Equal to l max Make other length smaller than l max Is changed into l by filling zero after the electrocardiograph data max To obtain a period of l max To construct a2 qxl electrocardiosignal max Is a reconstructed matrix a of (a) f The method comprises the following steps:
b4: through singular value decomposition, the maximum singular value sigma is reserved 1 Setting the rest singular values to 0 to obtain a matrix A f The estimation of (1) is:
u 1 and
are singular value parameters;
b5: discarding the data corresponding to the original zero-filling position in the matrix, sequentially taking out the rest data from top to bottom according to rows and rearranging the rest data into one-dimensional signals so as to obtain 2 q-section fetal electrocardiosignals from which noise is removed;
b6: repeating the steps B1-B5, and processing 2q segments of electrocardiograph data each time, namely denoising all fetal electrocardiograph signals, so as to obtain fetal electrocardiograph signals with high signal-to-noise ratio.
In general, the R peak detection is carried out on the secondary estimation of the fetal electrocardio, and the R peak detection is connected with the secondary estimationInterpolation processing is carried out on the subsequent 2-segment RR intervals through tail zero padding, and a fetal electrocardiosignal reconstruction matrix A is constructed f Carrying out corresponding SVD operation on the obtained product, reserving larger singular values, and carrying out noise reduction treatment to obtain A' f Extracting matrix A' f And the data corresponding to the original zero-filling position is obtained, so that the fetal electrocardiosignal with high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained.
As an optional embodiment, the method for detecting electrocardiographic quality includes:
c1: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period of a preset length;
c2: reconstructing a phase space of an electrocardiosignal sequence, and calculating the electrocardiosignal according to the occurrence times of various arrangement conditions so as to obtain arrangement entropy;
and C3: acquiring an entropy threshold, and calculating a quality index of the electrocardiosignal according to the permutation entropy and the entropy threshold;
and C4: acquiring a quality threshold, judging whether the quality index meets the standard according to the quality threshold, if so, acquiring an electrocardiosignal corresponding to the quality index, and adding the electrocardiosignal to a target signal group; if not, returning to the step C1, updating the entropy threshold according to the quality index, collecting electrocardiosignals in adjacent time intervals for phase space reconstruction, and obtaining the electrocardiosignals corresponding to the quality index and adding the electrocardiosignals to a target signal group when the quality index meets the quality threshold.
Further, the quality ratio of the permutation entropy to the entropy threshold value is required to be calculated according to a preset algorithm, and finally the quality index of the electrocardiosignal is determined.
Further, the current quality weight of the electrocardiosignal needs to be calculated according to the quality index and the entropy threshold value, an update coefficient is calculated, and the entropy threshold value is updated to obtain an updated entropy threshold value.
As an optional embodiment, in the C2, the method for obtaining permutation entropy includes setting a one-dimensional time sequence: { Y (i), i=1, 2,.., n }, length n, performing phase space reconstruction on any element Y (i), and performing coordinate delay on each sampling point according to a phase space reconstruction delay coordinate method proposed by Takens, to obtain a reconstruction vector group of m-dimensional space:
Y i ＝[y(i),y(i+l),...,y(i+(m-1)l)]
wherein: m and l are the embedding dimension and delay time, respectively, Y i The m reconstruction components of (a) are arranged in ascending order to obtain:
y(i+(j 1 -1)l)≤y(i+(j 2 -1)l)≤...≤y(i+(j m -1)l)
the resulting vector Y i Is arranged in { j }, way 1 ,j 2 ,...,j m Counting the occurrence times of various situations in the whole sequence, and calculating the occurrence relative frequency of various arrangement situations as probability P thereof 1 ,P 2 ,...,P k K is less than or equal to m-! The permutation entropy is calculated from the definition of Shannon information entropy:
to obtain permutation entropy.
An apparatus for a fetal electrocardiographic separation acquisition method with high signal-to-noise ratio, comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignals;
the parent electrocardiosignal acquisition module is used for extracting the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignal to obtain a parent electrocardiosignal;
the first detection module is used for detecting the maternal electrocardiosignals and acquiring the maternal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
the fetal electrocardiosignal separation module is used for separating fetal electrocardiosignals from the preprocessed mixed mother electrocardiosignals by combining with the maternal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
the second detection module is used for detecting the fetal electrocardiosignals and acquiring the fetal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
and the DSP processing unit is used for receiving the fetal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy and outputting the fetal electrocardiosignals with high signal-to-noise ratio.
As an alternative embodiment, the signal acquisition module includes:
the electrode falling detection module is used for detecting whether the electrode plate is separated or not, and if so, acquiring a mixed parent electrocardiosignal;
and the signal conditioning module is used for carrying out pretreatment such as amplification, filtering and the like on the collected mixed parent electrocardiosignals.
The method comprises the steps of preprocessing a mixed parent electrocardiosignal, collecting the parent electrocardiosignal from the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignal, carrying out quality detection on the parent electrocardiosignal to obtain a parent electrocardiosignal with high accuracy, removing the parent electrocardiosignal with high accuracy from the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignal to obtain a fetal electrocardiosignal, carrying out quality detection on the fetal electrocardiosignal to obtain the fetal electrocardiosignal with high accuracy, receiving the signal by a DSP processing unit and carrying out digital conversion, thereby outputting the fetal electrocardiosignal with high signal to noise ratio, and solving the problem that the fetal electrocardiosignal is easily interfered by the parent electrocardiosignal, and the accuracy of a fetal electrocardiosignal monitoring result is low.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the discussion of any of the embodiments above is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the invention, the steps may be implemented in any order and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
The present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fetal electrocardiograph separation acquisition method with high signal-to-noise ratio, comprising:
a1: preprocessing the mixed parent electrocardiosignals;
a2: r peak detection is carried out on the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiograph so as to construct primary parent electrocardiograph estimation;
a3: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period in the primary estimation of the maternal electrocardiosignal to perform electrocardiosignal quality detection, so as to obtain a maternal electrocardiosignal quality index;
a4: comparing a maternal electrocardio quality index with a maternal electrocardio quality threshold value, judging whether a condition is met, if so, acquiring an electrocardio signal corresponding to the maternal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to a target signal group, constructing a maternal electrocardio secondary estimation, if not, returning to the step A3, acquiring an electrocardio signal sequence of an adjacent period in the maternal electrocardio primary estimation, detecting until the condition is met, acquiring the electrocardio signal corresponding to the maternal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to the target signal group, and constructing a maternal electrocardio secondary estimation;
a5: performing difference calculation on the secondary estimation of the maternal electrocardiosignals and the preprocessed mixed maternal electrocardiosignals, and setting a calculation result as primary estimation of fetal electrocardiosignals;
a6: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period in the preliminary estimation of fetal electrocardiosignal to perform electrocardiosignal quality detection, so as to obtain a fetal electrocardiosignal quality index;
a7: comparing the fetal electrocardio quality index with a fetal electrocardio quality threshold value, judging whether a condition is met, if so, acquiring an electrocardio signal corresponding to the fetal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to a target signal group, constructing a fetal electrocardio secondary estimation, if not, returning to the step A6, acquiring an electrocardio signal sequence of an adjacent period in the fetal electrocardio primary estimation, detecting until the condition is met, acquiring the electrocardio signal corresponding to the fetal electrocardio quality index, adding the electrocardio signal to the target signal group, and constructing the fetal electrocardio secondary estimation;
a8: and constructing a reconstruction matrix for the secondary estimation of the fetal electrocardiosignal to obtain the fetal electrocardiosignal with high signal-to-noise ratio.
2. The method for obtaining fetal electrocardiosignals with high signal to noise ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment of the mixed mother electrocardiosignals is completed by adopting a 50Hz digital notch and a 0.05-100 Hz band-pass filter design in A1.
3. The method for obtaining fetal electrocardiograph separation with high signal-to-noise ratio according to claim 1, wherein in A2, the method for detecting R peak includes R peak detection on maternal abdominal electrocardiograph, setting length as T, locating R peak from window with length as T, T is approximately an RR interval, mapping RR interval to phase domain by calculating phase, taking middle point of RR interval as starting point, and formula of phase interval is:
Δθ＝2πT S /T R
T S for sampling interval, T R Is RR interval;
obtaining template signals by adopting an arithmetic average method, and setting all QRS waves as x respectively 1 ,x 2 ,...,x n The formula for reconstructing MECG template is:
the average duration of the maternal QRS complex is obtained by averaging the winding beats at all times to construct a maternal electrocardiographic preliminary estimate.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in A5, the difference calculation includes setting N as a length of a sequence, and setting the pre-processed mixed parent electrocardiographic signal sequence as aecg= { x 1 ,x 2 ,...,x N Let the secondary estimation sequence of the maternal electrocardiograph be MECG= { y 1 ,y 2 ,...,y N Obtaining a new sequence by differencing the mixed parent electrocardio signal sequence and the parent electrocardio secondary estimation sequence, namely a fetal electrocardio preliminary estimation sequence FECG= { (x) 1 -y 1 ),(x 2 -y 2 ),...,(x N -y N )}。
5. The method for obtaining fetal electrocardiographic separation with high signal-to-noise ratio according to claim 1, wherein in A8, the constructing of the reconstruction matrix comprises:
b1: estimating the length of RR intervals of secondary estimation of fetal electrocardio through R peak detection, continuously estimating the length of 2q RR intervals, recording the length of each 2 adjacent RR intervals, and sequentially recording as l in sequence as a column period 1 ,l 2 ,…,l q ；
B2: continuously intercepting 2q segments of fetal electrocardiograph data, recording length every two RR segments, and selecting the maximum length l max ＝max(l 1 ,l 2 ,…,l q ) As a reconstruction matrix A f The number of columns of (a);
b3: if matrix A f The k-th line (k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 2 q) of the electrocardio data length l k Equal to l max Make other length smaller than l max Is changed into l by filling zero after the electrocardiograph data max To obtain a period of l max To construct a2 qxl electrocardiosignal max Is a reconstructed matrix a of (a) f The method comprises the following steps:
b4: through singular value decomposition, the maximum singular value sigma is reserved 1 Setting the rest singular values to 0 to obtain a matrix A f The estimation of (1) is:
u 1 and
are singular value parameters;
b5: discarding the data corresponding to the original zero-filling position in the matrix, sequentially taking out the rest data from top to bottom according to rows and rearranging the rest data into one-dimensional signals so as to obtain 2 q-section fetal electrocardiosignals from which noise is removed;
b6: repeating the steps B1-B5, and processing 2q segments of electrocardiograph data each time, namely denoising all fetal electrocardiograph signals, so as to obtain fetal electrocardiograph signals with high signal-to-noise ratio.
6. The method for obtaining fetal electrocardiograph separation with high signal-to-noise ratio according to claim 1, wherein the method for detecting electrocardiograph quality is as follows:
c1: acquiring an electrocardiosignal sequence of a first period of a preset length;
c2: reconstructing a phase space of an electrocardiosignal sequence, and calculating the electrocardiosignal according to the occurrence times of various arrangement conditions so as to obtain arrangement entropy;
and C3: acquiring an entropy threshold, and calculating a quality index of the electrocardiosignal according to the permutation entropy and the entropy threshold;
and C4: acquiring a quality threshold, judging whether the quality index meets the standard according to the quality threshold, if so, acquiring an electrocardiosignal corresponding to the quality index, and adding the electrocardiosignal to a target signal group; if not, returning to the step C1, updating the entropy threshold according to the quality index, collecting electrocardiosignals in adjacent time intervals for phase space reconstruction, and obtaining the electrocardiosignals corresponding to the quality index and adding the electrocardiosignals to a target signal group when the quality index meets the quality threshold.
7. The method for obtaining fetal electrocardiographic separation with high signal-to-noise ratio according to claim 6, wherein said method for obtaining permutation entropy in C2 comprises setting a one-dimensional time sequence: { Y (i), i=1, 2,.., n }, length n, performing phase space reconstruction on any element Y (i), and performing coordinate delay on each sampling point according to a phase space reconstruction delay coordinate method proposed by Takens, to obtain a reconstruction vector group of m-dimensional space:
Y i ＝[y(i),y(i+l),...,y(i+(m-1)l)]
wherein: m and l are the embedding dimension and delay time, respectively, Y i The m reconstruction components of (a) are arranged in ascending order to obtain:
y(i+(j 1 -1)l)≤y(i+(j 2 -1)l)≤...≤y(i+(j m -1)l)
the resulting vector Y i Is arranged in { j }, way 1 ,j 2 ,...,j m Counting the occurrence times of various situations in the whole sequence, and calculating the occurrence relative frequency of various arrangement situations as probability P thereof 1 ,P 2 ,...,P k K is less than or equal to m-! The permutation entropy is calculated from the definition of Shannon information entropy:
to obtain permutation entropy.
8. An apparatus for performing a high signal-to-noise ratio fetal electrocardiographic separation acquisition method according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignals;
the parent electrocardiosignal acquisition module is used for acquiring the preprocessed mixed parent electrocardiosignal to obtain a parent electrocardiosignal;
the first quality detection module is used for detecting the maternal electrocardiosignals and obtaining the maternal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
the fetal electrocardiosignal separation module is used for separating fetal electrocardiosignals from the preprocessed mixed mother electrocardiosignals by combining with the maternal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
the second quality detection module is used for detecting the fetal electrocardiosignals and acquiring the fetal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy;
and the DSP processing unit is used for receiving the fetal electrocardiosignals with high accuracy and outputting the fetal electrocardiosignals with high signal-to-noise ratio.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the signal acquisition module comprises:
the electrode falling detection module is used for detecting whether the electrode plate is separated or not, and if so, acquiring a mixed parent electrocardiosignal;
and the signal conditioning module is used for carrying out pretreatment such as amplification, filtering and the like on the collected mixed parent electrocardiosignals.
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