CN116267622A - Method for detoxification and rapid seedling formation of potato stem tip - Google Patents

Method for detoxification and rapid seedling formation of potato stem tip Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116267622A
CN116267622A CN202310449382.5A CN202310449382A CN116267622A CN 116267622 A CN116267622 A CN 116267622A CN 202310449382 A CN202310449382 A CN 202310449382A CN 116267622 A CN116267622 A CN 116267622A
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Prior art keywords
potato
culture medium
stem
stem tip
detoxification
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CN202310449382.5A
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胡金雪
张淑青
相丛超
李东玉
樊建英
封志明
贾明飞
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Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H4/00Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
    • A01H4/008Methods for regeneration to complete plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H4/00Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
    • A01H4/002Culture media for tissue culture

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapidly forming seedlings of potato stem tips by detoxification, which comprises the steps of naturally germinating potatoes at a room temperature in a bright place, then selecting 0.5-1.0cm buds for stem tip stripping, and reserving 0.1-0.3mm stem tips of 1-2 leaf primordia. By optimizing the hormone proportion in the culture medium, the seedling time of the stem tip is 60 days earlier than that of the CK blank control treatment, the survival rate is improved by 22.1%, and the detoxification rate is improved by 19.8%. The method of the invention accelerates the rapid seedling formation of the stem tip of the potato, improves the detoxification rate of the potato, and has higher popularization and application values.

Description

Method for detoxification and rapid seedling formation of potato stem tip
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tissue culture and seedling detoxification, in particular to a method for rapidly forming seedlings by detoxification of potato stem tips.
Background
Potatoes are the fourth most important food crops worldwide at present, are inferior to wheat, corn and rice, have large potential for increasing yield and income, are rich in nutrition, and are known as underground apples. With the push of potato staple food, the potato planting area and yield increase. However, potato virus disease incidence has increased during perennial planting. Potato virus diseases are important factors restricting the safe production of potatoes, and the popularization and the use of the detoxified seed potatoes effectively reduce the occurrence of potato virus diseases. The core technology of the production of the detoxicated seed potato is a detoxication technology, and the virus-free technology of the stem tip meristem culture of the potato uses the characteristic that viruses are unevenly distributed in a plant body, peels off the stem tip meristem, carries out in vitro culture and finally obtains a nontoxic plant. The application rate of the detoxified seed potato produced by the existing detoxified seedling reaches more than 80 percent, and has important significance for the healthy and sustainable development of potatoes.
The potato stem tip detoxification technology is an effective technical means for improving the yield and quality of potatoes. After the meristem of the potato stem tip is stripped, the period of plant regeneration rate is short, and the survival rate and survival speed of the plant are affected by multiple factors, including the hormone proportion of a culture medium and the like. Therefore, optimizing the hormone proportion of the culture medium, accelerating the seedling time of the potato stem tip, improving the survival rate and detoxification rate of the potato stem tip and promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the potato industry is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for rapidly forming seedlings of potato stem tips by detoxification, which ensures that the peeled stem tip meristem is rapidly formed into seedlings by optimizing the hormone proportion of a culture medium, thereby achieving the purposes of accelerating the seedling forming time of the stem tips and improving the survival rate and the detoxification rate of the stem tips.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for rapidly forming the seedlings of the potato stem tip by detoxification comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning soil on the surface of potato blocks, placing the potato blocks at a light place, and naturally sprouting;
(2) Selecting 0.5-1.0cm of sprouts on potato blocks, sterilizing, and then peeling off stem tips;
(3) Placing the stem tip stripped in the step (2) in an adventitious bud induction culture medium, transferring into an adventitious root culture medium when buds grow to 1-2cm, transferring into a common culture medium when plants grow to 3-5cm, and performing propagation and virus detection;
(4) Carrying out rapid propagation by adopting a stem cutting method to obtain detoxified test-tube plantlets;
in the step (2), the adventitious bud induction culture medium is that 0.5mg/ml of 6-BA and 1.0mg/ml of GA3 are added into an MS culture medium, the adventitious root induction culture medium is that 0.5mg/ml of 6-BA, 1.0mg/ml of GA3 and 0.5mg/ml of NAA are added into the MS culture medium, and the common culture medium is the MS culture medium.
Further, the specific method of the step (2) is as follows: selecting 0.5-1.0cm of sprouts on potato blocks, putting the potato blocks into a glass beaker, tying the glass beaker by using gauze, flushing with tap water for 30min, draining off water, soaking the potato blocks in 75% alcohol for 30s on an ultra-clean workbench, continuously shaking, and flushing with sterile water for 3 times; then soaking with 6% sodium hypochlorite for 15min, shaking, washing with sterilized water for 3 times, and peeling off the stem tip.
Further, in the step (2), the specific method for peeling the stem tip comprises the following steps: the explant is placed on autoclaved filter paper to absorb water, a stem tip of 0.6mm-0.9mm is cut off by a sterilizing scalpel under a 40-time stereo double-barrel dissecting lens, redundant lobules are stripped, and the stem tip of 0.1-0.3mm of 1-2 leaf primordia is reserved.
Further, in the step (1), the illumination intensity at the bright place is 2800-3200lx.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a method for rapidly and detoxically growing potato stem tips, which optimizes the proportion of hormone culture medium and promotes rapid and rapid seedling growth of potato stem tips according to different influences of different hormones on stem tip meristems. The invention has the advantages of fast potato breeding speed, simple operation, less virus, high seedling survival rate, 60 days earlier than CK blank control treatment in seedling time, 22.1% improvement in survival rate and 19.8% improvement in detoxification rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the effect of the method provided in example 1 on potato shoot tip differentiation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the effect of the method provided in comparative example 1 on potato shoot tip differentiation.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
(1) Selecting potato blocks with excellent properties, cleaning soil on the surface of the potato blocks, placing the potato blocks in a light place (the illumination intensity is about 3000 lx), and naturally sprouting;
(2) Selecting 0.5cm-1cm of sprouts on potato blocks, placing the potato blocks into a glass beaker, tying the glass beaker by using gauze, flushing with tap water for 30min, draining water, and then entering an aseptic chamber for subsequent operation. Soaking the materials on an ultra-clean workbench with 75% alcohol for 30s, continuously shaking, and flushing with sterilized water for 3 times; soaking in 6% sodium hypochlorite for 15min, shaking, washing with sterilized water for 3 times, and peeling off the stem tip;
(3) Placing the explant on an ultra-clean workbench, absorbing water on autoclaved filter paper, cutting off stem tips of about 0.6mm by using a disinfection dissecting knife under a 40-time stereo double-barrel dissecting mirror, stripping redundant lobules, and reserving stem tips of 0.1-0.3mm of 1-2 leaf primordia;
(4) Placing the stripped stem tip in an adventitious bud induction culture medium, transferring into an adventitious root culture medium when buds grow to 1-2cm, transferring into a common culture medium when plants grow to 3-5cm, performing rapid propagation by a stem cutting method to obtain detoxified test tube plantlets, placing in a culture room for preservation, wherein the temperature of the culture room is 23+/-2 ℃, and the culture room is irradiated with 2000lx, and is irradiated for 16 hours each day and dark for 8 hours;
in this example, adventitious bud induction medium was 0.5mg/ml6-BA and 1.0mg/ml GA3 added to MS medium, adventitious root induction medium was 0.5mg/ml6-BA, 1.0mg/ml GA3 and 0.5mg/ml NAA added to MS medium, and common medium was MS medium.
(5) Virus detection was performed using DAS-ELISA.
Example 2
Example 2 the procedure of example 1 was followed except that the adventitious bud induction medium and the adventitious root induction medium were different from example 1. In this example, adventitious bud induction medium was 1.0mg/ml 6-BA and 1.5mg/ml GA3 in MS medium, adventitious root induction medium was 1.0mg/ml 6-BA, 1.5mg/ml GA3 and 1.0mg/ml NAA in MS medium.
Example 3
Example 3 the procedure of example 1 was followed except that the adventitious bud induction medium and the adventitious root induction medium were different from example 1. In this example, adventitious bud induction medium was 1.5mg/ml 6-BA and 2.0mg/ml GA3 in MS medium, adventitious root induction medium was 1.5mg/ml 6-BA, 2.0mg/ml GA3 and 1.5mg/ml NAA in MS medium.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example 1 is a CK blank control, no hormone is used, in the step (4) of the comparative example 1, the stripped stem tip is directly placed in a common culture medium, rapid propagation is carried out by a stem cutting method, the detoxified test tube plantlet is obtained, and the detoxified test tube plantlet is placed in a culture room for preservation, wherein the temperature of the culture room is 23+/-2 ℃, and the culture room is irradiated with 2000lx, and is irradiated with light for 16 hours per day and dark for 8 hours. The rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.
The experimental study was performed using the above method, the shoot tips were peeled off in the tissue culture chamber, each treatment was repeated 3 times, the amounts calculated according to the different hormone concentrations were added to the MS medium, the seedling time of the potato shoot tips was investigated, and virus detection was performed, and the results are shown in Table 1, FIGS. 1-2.
TABLE 1 Effect of hormone treatment on potato shoot tip differentiation and detoxification Effect
Seedling time/d Survival rate/% Detoxification rate/%
Example 1 35 87.5 98.6
Example 2 60 81.5 90.5
Example 3 76 75.8 84.6
CK 95 65.4 78.8
The following table shows that: MS+0.5mg/ml 6-BA+1.0mg/ml GA3+0.5mg/ml NAA culture medium is 60 days earlier than the seedling time of CK treated stem tip, the survival rate is improved by 22.1%, and the detoxification rate is improved by 19.8%.
Therefore, 0.5mg/ml of 6-BA+1.0mg/ml of GA3+0.5mg/ml of NAA can promote the rapid seedling formation of stem tips, improve the survival rate and the detoxification rate and obtain more virus-free plants.
In the prior art, no research on a potato regeneration system by taking a stem tip as an explant is carried out. The invention is completed through two steps, namely, firstly, the adventitious bud culture medium is used for promoting the stem tip to form cluster buds, and secondly, the adventitious root culture medium is used for promoting rooting, so that the seedling rate of the stem tip is improved, the seedling time of the stem tip is shortened, and the detoxification rate is improved.
In the prior art, a culture medium comprising 6-BA, GA3 and NAA exists, but the 6-BA, GA3 and NAA are directly added into the culture medium to complete the experiment in one step; meanwhile, the use of the hormone concentration also determines the technical effects in two aspects: the first aspect is that the hormone concentration affects the shoot apex seedling rate; the second aspect is that hormone concentration affects shoot apex seedling time.
The invention uses 6-BA as cytokinin to induce the in vitro stem tip to grow and live, and GA3 induces the in vitro stem tip to grow, so that experimental study is carried out. The low concentration of 6-BA easily forms callus, thereby generating cluster buds, and the high concentration of 6-BA easily suppresses callus formation. Low concentrations of GA3 favor the growth of the various parts of the stem tip, whereas high concentrations of GA3 have an adverse effect. 0.5mg/ml6-BA induces stem tip to generate cluster buds, 1.0mg/ml GA3 promotes stem tip growth, and the two complement each other to promote the formation of callus and adventitious buds of potato stem tip. NAA is used as an auxin substance to promote stem tip cell elongation growth and cell division and promote rooting. High concentration of NAA inhibited cell growth. Therefore, on the basis of an adventitious bud culture medium, the stem tip forms cluster buds, and the cluster buds are transferred into an adventitious root culture medium (0.5 mg/ml 6-BA+1.0mg/ml GA3+0.5mg/ml NAA) with NAA, so that the induction of callus and the regeneration of plants are facilitated.
The factors influencing the survival of the potato stem tip are many, firstly, the smaller the stem tip is, the higher the detoxification rate is, and the lower the survival rate is, otherwise, the larger the stem tip is, the survival rate is increased, but the detoxification rate is relatively reduced. Secondly, the hardness of the culture medium is also important for the survival of the stem tip of the potato in the state of the culture medium, the agar is different, the dosage is different, and the soft culture medium is favorable for the survival of the stem tip. Thirdly, the potato has the dedifferentiation capacity, the redifferentiation capacity, the potential trend of cell totipotency and the feeling degree among different tissues and organs when the potato is subjected to stem tip peeling. The age and location of the shoot tip have a certain effect on potato regeneration, and even under optimal culture conditions, the regeneration frequency is different. Therefore, the test cannot be performed for a limited number of times.
The invention provides a method for rapidly and detoxically growing potato stem tips, which optimizes the proportion of hormone culture medium and promotes rapid and rapid seedling growth of potato stem tips according to different influences of different hormones on stem tip meristems. The invention has the advantages of fast potato breeding speed, simple operation, less virus, high seedling survival rate, 60 days earlier than control treatment in seedling time, 22.1 percent improvement in survival rate and 19.8 percent improvement in detoxification rate.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (4)

1. A method for rapidly forming seedlings of potato stem tips by detoxification is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Cleaning soil on the surface of potato blocks, placing the potato blocks at a light place, and naturally sprouting;
(2) Selecting 0.5-1.0cm of sprouts on potato blocks, sterilizing, and then peeling off stem tips;
(3) Placing the stem tip stripped in the step (2) in an adventitious bud induction culture medium, transferring into an adventitious root culture medium when buds grow to 1-2cm, transferring into a common culture medium when plants grow to 3-5cm, and performing propagation and virus detection;
(4) Carrying out rapid propagation by adopting a stem cutting method to obtain detoxified test-tube plantlets;
in the step (2), the adventitious bud induction culture medium is prepared by adding 0.5mg/ml6-BA and 1.0mg/ml GA3 into an MS culture medium, the adventitious root induction culture medium is prepared by adding 0.5mg/ml6-BA, 1.0mg/ml GA3 and 0.5mg/ml NAA into an MS culture medium, and the common culture medium is an MS culture medium.
2. The method for rapidly forming seedlings of potato stem tips by detoxification according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the step (2) is as follows: selecting 0.5-1.0cm of sprouts on potato blocks, putting the potato blocks into a glass beaker, tying the glass beaker by using gauze, flushing with tap water for 30min, draining off water, soaking the potato blocks in 75% alcohol for 30s on an ultra-clean workbench, continuously shaking, and flushing with sterile water for 3 times; then soaking with 6% sodium hypochlorite for 15min, shaking, washing with sterilized water for 3 times, and peeling off the stem tip.
3. The method for rapidly forming potato stem tip detoxification seedlings according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (2), the specific method for peeling the stem tip is as follows: the explant is placed on autoclaved filter paper to absorb water, a stem tip of 0.6mm-0.9mm is cut off by a sterilizing scalpel under a 40-time stereo double-barrel dissecting lens, redundant lobules are stripped, and the stem tip of 0.1-0.3mm of 1-2 leaf primordia is reserved.
4. The method for rapidly forming seedlings of potato stem tip detoxification according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the illumination intensity of the bright place is 2800-3200lx.
CN202310449382.5A 2023-04-24 2023-04-24 Method for detoxification and rapid seedling formation of potato stem tip Withdrawn CN116267622A (en)

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CN102138531A (en) * 2011-04-26 2011-08-03 马宗新 Rapid propagation technology and culture medium composition of Fuyang sweet potato 24 virus-free plantlet
CN104813935A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-08-05 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 Method for removing PVS viruses of potato test-tube plantlets
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20060095248A (en) * 2005-02-28 2006-08-31 (주)포테이토밸리 Method for producing virus-free potato minitubers for rapid multiplication of seed potato
CN102138531A (en) * 2011-04-26 2011-08-03 马宗新 Rapid propagation technology and culture medium composition of Fuyang sweet potato 24 virus-free plantlet
CN104813935A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-08-05 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 Method for removing PVS viruses of potato test-tube plantlets
CN107223553A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-10-03 榆林市农业科学研究院 Stem apex detoxification test tube plantlet culture medium and preparation method and application
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