CN116264437A

CN116264437A - AC-DC power supply

Info

Publication number: CN116264437A
Application number: CN202111527898.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹佶; 胡艳伟; 徐林峰
Original assignee: Zhejiang Hangke Instrument Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Hangke Instrument Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-14
Filing date: 2021-12-14
Publication date: 2023-06-16

Abstract

The invention discloses an alternating current-to-direct current power supply, which comprises a box body and a plurality of power supply modules arranged in the box body, wherein each power supply module comprises an alternating current-to-direct current plate and a main control board arranged on the alternating current-to-direct current plate; the alternating current-direct current conversion plate comprises a rectifier bridge, a linear voltage stabilizing circuit and a buck voltage reducing circuit, wherein the buck voltage reducing circuit comprises an N-type MOS tube Q1, an N-type MOS tube Q2 and an inductor L, the linear voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a P-type MOS tube Q3, the output end of the rectifier bridge is electrically connected with a drain electrode D1 of the MOS tube Q1, a source electrode S1 of the MOS tube Q1 and a drain electrode D2 of the MOS tube Q2 are electrically connected with one end of the inductor L, the source electrode S2 of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, and the other end of the inductor L is electrically connected with a source electrode S3 of the MOS tube Q3; the main control board comprises a PWM circuit and a driving circuit, and the driving circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the grid electrode G1 of the MOS tube Q1 and the grid electrode G2 of the MOS tube Q2. The power consumption of the alternating current-to-direct current power supply can be reduced.

Description

AC-DC power supply

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of integrated power supplies, in particular to an alternating current-to-direct current power supply.

Background

With the development of integration of electronic products, it is becoming more common for commercial alternating current to be converted into direct current, and in order to obtain a direct current power supply more conveniently, the types of devices for converting alternating current into direct current are also increasing.

When alternating current is converted into direct current, a rectifier bridge is generally used, the alternating current is rectified by the rectifier bridge and then outputs direct current with a positive half-wave shape, the direct current with the half-wave shape is large in time, poor in linearity and unstable, so that a linear voltage stabilizing circuit is required to conduct linear adjustment, but an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube is generally used for the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, and the electric energy loss of the direct current-alternating current power supply is large.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an alternating current-to-direct current power supply which can reduce the electric energy loss of the alternating current-to-direct current power supply.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the power supply comprises a box body and a plurality of power supply modules arranged in the box body, wherein each power supply module comprises an alternating current-to-direct current plate and a main control board arranged on the alternating current-to-direct current plate;

the alternating current-direct current board comprises a rectifier bridge, a linear voltage stabilizing circuit and a buck voltage reducing circuit for reducing the power consumption of the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, the buck voltage reducing circuit comprises an N-type MOS tube Q1, an N-type MOS tube Q2 and an inductor L, the linear voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a P-type MOS tube Q3, the output end of the rectifier bridge is electrically connected with a drain electrode D1 of the MOS tube Q1, a source electrode S1 of the MOS tube Q1 and a drain electrode D2 of the MOS tube Q2 are electrically connected with one end of the inductor L, a source electrode S2 of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, the other end of the inductor L is electrically connected with a source electrode S3 of the MOS tube Q3, and a drain electrode D3 of the MOS tube Q3 is connected with output;

the main control board comprises a PWM circuit and a driving circuit connected with the PWM circuit in a signal mode, and the driving circuit is electrically connected with a grid electrode G1 of the MOS tube Q1 and a grid electrode G2 of the MOS tube Q2 respectively.

Preferably, the linear voltage stabilizing circuit further comprises a P-type MOS transistor Q4, a source S4 of the MOS transistor Q4 is electrically connected with a source S3 of the MOS transistor Q3, and a drain D4 of the MOS transistor Q4 is electrically connected with a drain D3 of the MOS transistor Q3.

Preferably, the ac-dc board further includes a sampling circuit, the sampling circuit is electrically connected with the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, the main control board further includes a detection circuit, and the detection circuit is electrically connected with the PWM circuit and the sampling circuit respectively.

Preferably, the ac-dc conversion board further includes a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3, where the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the inductor L, and the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3 are respectively connected in parallel with the MOS transistor Q3.

Preferably, the power module further comprises a transformer and a radiator, the rectifier bridge is attached to the radiator, the radiator is perpendicular to the alternating current-direct current board, and the transformer is electrically connected with the rectifier bridge.

Preferably, the main control board is vertically connected with the alternating current-direct current board, a plurality of mutually parallel corrugated grooves are formed in one side, close to the main control board, of the radiator, a fan is arranged on the side edge of the radiator, and the fan and the corrugated grooves are oppositely arranged.

Preferably, the box body comprises an upper cover plate, a bottom plate, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, a plurality of wire grooves and two side plates, wherein the two side plates are fixedly connected through the wire grooves, the front cover plate is fixed at the front ends of the two side plates, the rear cover plate is fixed at the rear ends of the two side plates, the upper cover plate is arranged at the upper ends of the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, the bottom plate is fixed at the lower ends of the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, and the alternating current-direct current plate is arranged on the bottom plate.

Preferably, the front cover plate is provided with a switch, a plurality of knobs and a display meter electrically connected with the knobs, and the display meter and the switch are respectively electrically connected with the main control board.

Preferably, the back cover plate is provided with a communication interface, a fan and a plurality of current output ports, the fan is electrically connected with the switch, the fan is electrically connected with the power module, the current output ports are electrically connected with the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, and the communication interface is electrically connected with the main control board.

Preferably, the side plate is provided with a vent hole and a buckle, and the upper cover plate is detachably connected with the side plate through the buckle.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the alternating current-to-direct current power supply comprises a buck voltage reducing circuit for reducing the power consumption of a linear voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein the buck voltage reducing circuit comprises an N-type MOS tube Q1, an N-type MOS tube Q2 and an inductor L, a source S1 of the N-type MOS tube Q1 is connected with the inductor L in series and can be used as a switch, the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected with the inductor L and can be used as a current-sustaining tube, because the voltage of the output end (source S1) of the MOS tube Q1 is smaller than that of a grid G1 and is conducted, the output voltage of the MOS tube Q1 can be regulated through the grid G1, the output voltage of the MOS tube Q1 can be controlled to be in a very low range (0-5V), namely the voltage of the input end (source S3) of the MOS tube Q3 is low, the resistor R3 of the MOS tube Q3 is certain, the voltage of the source S3 of the MOS tube Q3 is reduced, and the electric energy loss (U) ² t/R3) is also reduced.

In addition, the buck circuit can enable the buck circuit to output the voltage suitable for the conduction of the MOS tube Q3 for a long time through the PWM circuit and the driving circuit on the main control board, so that the switching loss of the MOS tube Q3 is reduced, and the electric energy loss is further reduced. It can be understood that the main control board can also control the on or off of the MOS transistor Q2, so as to realize whether the buck voltage-reducing circuit outputs current to the linear voltage-stabilizing voltage, thereby realizing automatic control.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an AC-DC power supply according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the AC-DC power supply of the present invention with the upper cover removed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the AC-DC power supply according to the present invention with the upper cover removed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a power module according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an AC to DC power supply according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an AC-DC board according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a main control board according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the buck step-down circuit of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of a linear voltage stabilizing circuit of the present invention.

In the figure: 100. ac to dc power supply; 10. a case body; 11. a front cover plate; 111. a display table; 112. a knob; 12. a side plate; 121. a vent hole; 122. a wire slot; 123. a buckle; 13. an upper cover plate; 14. a back cover plate; 141. a socket; 142. a fan; 143. a current output port; 144. a communication interface; 20. a power module; 30. alternating current-direct current board; 31. a plug board; 32. a capacitor; 33. a transformer; 40. a main control board; 50. a heat sink; 51. a rectifier bridge; 52. a MOS tube; 53. a blower; 54. a corrugation groove.

Detailed Description

So that the manner in which the above recited features, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized below, may be had by reference to the appended drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "transverse", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1-9, an ac-dc power supply 100 includes a box 10 and a plurality of power modules 20 disposed in the box 10, where the power modules 20 include an ac-dc board 30 and a main control board 40 disposed on the ac-dc board 30; the ac-dc board 30 includes a rectifier bridge 51, a linear voltage stabilizing circuit and a buck voltage reducing circuit for reducing power consumption of the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, the buck voltage reducing circuit includes an N-type MOS transistor Q1, an N-type MOS transistor Q2 and an inductor L, the linear voltage stabilizing circuit includes a P-type MOS transistor Q3, an output end of the rectifier bridge is electrically connected with a drain D1 of the MOS transistor Q1, a source S1 of the MOS transistor Q1 and a drain D2 of the MOS transistor Q2 are both electrically connected with one end of the inductor L, a source S2 of the MOS transistor Q2 is grounded, another end of the inductor L is electrically connected with a source S3 of the MOS transistor Q3, and a drain D3 of the MOS transistor Q3 is output; the main control board comprises a PWM circuit and a driving circuit connected with the PWM circuit in a signal mode, and the driving circuit is electrically connected with a grid electrode G1 of the MOS tube Q1 and a grid electrode G2 of the MOS tube Q2 respectively.

In the above embodiment, the ac-dc power supply 100 of the present application includes a buck step-down circuit for reducing the power consumption of the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the buck step-down circuit includes an N-type MOS transistor Q1, an N-type MOS transistor Q2 and an inductor L, the source S1 of the N-type MOS transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the inductor L, the MOS transistor Q1 may be used as a switch, the MOS transistor Q2 is connected in parallel to the inductor L, the MOS transistor Q2 may be used as a shunt, since the MOS transistor Q1 is turned on when the voltage at the output terminal (source S1) of the MOS transistor Q1 is smaller than the voltage at the gate G1, the turn-on voltage of the MOS transistor Q1 may be adjusted by the gate G1, as long as the input voltage of the gate G1 is set very low (e.g. 5V, and then the voltage at the output terminal (S1) of the MOS transistor Q1 may be controlled to be in a very low range (0-5V), the voltage at the output terminal (S1) of the MOS transistor Q1 may be controlled to be very low, the voltage at the MOS transistor Q3 may be reduced to the voltage at the output terminal (Q3) of the MOS transistor Q3), and the voltage at the input terminal (Q3) of the MOS transistor Q3 may be ignored due to the voltage of the transistor Q3 may be reduced by the voltage (Q3) ² t/R3) is also reduced.

The gate G3 of the MOS transistor Q3 may be electrically connected to an external power supply through the resistor R, and since the MOS transistor Q3 is a P-type MOS transistor, the voltage of the gate G3 of the MOS transistor Q3 is smaller than the voltage of the source S3, and the MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, so that the voltage of the gate G3 (assumed to be 2V, and this is taken as an example later) may be set, the turn-on voltage of the MOS transistor Q3 may be set, and the voltage smaller than the voltage of the gate G3 may not turn on the MOS transistor Q3, so that the output voltage of the MOS transistor Q3 may be controlled between 2V and 5V, and therefore the P-type MOS transistor Q3 may prevent the output voltage from being too low. The PWM circuit can output proper modulation signals to the driving circuit, and the driving circuit outputs set voltages to the grid electrode G1 and the grid electrode G2 according to the modulation signals.

In addition, the buck circuit can make the buck circuit output the voltage suitable for the conduction of the MOS tube Q3 for a long time through the PWM circuit and the driving circuit on the main control board 40, so that the switching loss generated by the switching of the MOS tube Q3 is reduced, and the electric energy loss is further reduced. It can be understood that, the main control board 40 can also control the on or off of the MOS transistor Q2, when the MOS transistor Q2 is on, the current output by the MOS transistor Q1 flows to the negative electrode through the MOS transistor Q2, when the MOS transistor Q2 is off, the current output by the MOS transistor Q1 flows to the MOS transistor Q3 through the inductor L, so as to realize whether the buck voltage-reducing circuit outputs the current to the linear voltage-stabilizing circuit, thereby realizing automatic control.

As shown in fig. 5-6, in a preferred embodiment, the ac-dc board 30 further includes a sampling circuit, the sampling circuit is electrically connected to the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, and the main control board 40 further includes a detection circuit, and the detection circuit is electrically connected to the PWM circuit and the sampling circuit, respectively.

In the above embodiment, the sampling circuit may sample information of the current and the voltage output by the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, the detection circuit may compare the sampled information of the current and the voltage with set power supply information to obtain a detection result, so as to determine whether the current and the voltage output by the linear voltage stabilizing circuit meet a specification, the detection circuit may also send the detection result to the PWM circuit, and the PWM circuit may output a modulation signal according to the detection result. The PWM circuit comprises a first chip (UCC 28C 43) for generating PWM signals, the driving circuit comprises a second chip (PX 3519) for generating driving signals, the first chip is electrically connected with the second chip, and the second chip is electrically connected with the grid electrode G1 of the MOS tube Q1 and the grid electrode G2 of the MOS tube Q2 respectively.

As shown in fig. 8-9, in a preferred embodiment, the linear voltage stabilizing circuit further includes a P-type MOS transistor Q4, a source S4 of the MOS transistor Q4 is electrically connected to a source S3 of the MOS transistor Q3, a drain D4 of the MOS transistor Q4 is electrically connected to a drain D3 of the MOS transistor Q3, and a gate G4 of the MOS transistor Q4 may also be electrically connected to the external power Vo through the resistor R. Preferably, the ac-dc board 30 further includes a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3, where the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the inductor L, and the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3 are respectively connected in parallel with the MOS transistor Q3.

In the above embodiment, the MOS transistor Q4 is connected in parallel with the MOS transistor Q3, the function of the MOS transistor Q4 is almost the same as that of the MOS transistor Q3, the MOS transistor Q4 may be used as a standby MOSs transistor or a shunt transistor, and when the MOS transistor Q4 is used as the shunt transistor, the MOS transistor Q3 may be prevented from being burned out due to heat generated by an excessively high current. The main control board 40 is inserted into the ac-dc board 30 through the plug board 31, so that heat on the ac-dc board 30 can be prevented from being directly dissipated to the main control board 40, heat on the main control board 40 can be reduced, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3 can be well filtered, and the capacitor C2 can be a polar capacitor.

As shown in fig. 2-3, in a preferred embodiment, the power module 20 further includes a transformer 33 and a heat sink 50, the rectifier bridge 51 is attached to the heat sink 50, the heat sink 50 is perpendicular to the ac-dc board 30, and the transformer 33 is electrically connected to the rectifier bridge 51. The main control board 40 is vertically connected with the ac-dc board 30, a plurality of parallel corrugated grooves 54 are arranged on one side of the radiator 50, which is close to the main control board 40, a fan 53 is arranged on the side of the radiator 50, and the fan 53 is opposite to the corrugated grooves 54.

In the above embodiment, the transformer 33 can step down the input ac power, the bellows 54 can increase the contact area between the transformer 33 and the air, so that the heat dissipation is faster, and the fan 53 is disposed opposite to the bellows 54 to form an air duct for faster heat dissipation. The rectifier bridge 51 is attached to the radiator, so that heat can be better dissipated, and in order to better dissipate heat for the MOS tube 52 (including the MOS tubes Q1, Q1 and Q1), the MOS tube 52 is attached to the radiator 50. In order to better dissipate heat from the capacitors C1, C2 and C3, the capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are columnar capacitors 32 close to the fan 53.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, the box 10 includes an upper cover 13, a bottom plate, a front cover 11, a rear cover 14, a plurality of slots 122, and two side plates 12, where the two side plates 12 are fixedly connected by the slots 122, the front cover 11 is fixed at the front ends of the two side plates 12, the rear cover 14 is fixed at the rear ends of the two side plates 12, the upper cover 13 is disposed at the upper ends of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 14, the bottom plate is fixed at the lower ends of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 14, and the ac-dc conversion board 30 is disposed on the bottom plate. The front cover plate 11 is provided with a switch, a plurality of knobs 112 and a display meter 111 electrically connected with the knobs 112, wherein the display meter 111 and the switch are respectively electrically connected with the main control board 40. The back cover 14 is provided with a communication interface 144, a fan 142 and a plurality of current output ports 143, the fan 142 is electrically connected with the switch, the fan 142 is electrically connected with the power module 20, the current output ports 143 are electrically connected with the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, and the communication interface 144 is electrically connected with the main control board 40. The side plate 12 is provided with a vent hole 121 and a buckle 123, and the upper cover plate 13 is detachably connected with the side plate 12 through the buckle 123.

In the above embodiment, the power supply modules 20, the knob 112, the display meter 111 and the current output port 143 are four, and each power supply module 20 corresponds to one knob 112, one display meter 111 and one current output port 143, and can output dc power through the four current output ports 143 at the same time. The back cover 14 is further provided with a socket 141 for inputting an original ac, and the socket 141 is electrically connected with the transformer 33 to reduce the original ac, which may be a commercial power. The fan 142 also advantageously cools the power module 20.

In summary, the ac-dc power supply 100 reduces the input voltage of the linear voltage stabilizing circuit through the buck voltage reducing circuit, thereby reducing the power consumption of the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, and thus the power consumption of the ac-dc power supply 100.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and description are merely illustrative of the principles of this invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An ac to dc power supply, characterized by: the power supply module comprises an alternating current-direct current plate and a main control board arranged on the alternating current-direct current plate;

2. An ac to dc power supply according to claim 1, wherein: the linear voltage stabilizing circuit further comprises a P-type MOS tube Q4, a source electrode S4 of the MOS tube Q4 is electrically connected with a source electrode S3 of the MOS tube Q3, and a drain electrode D4 of the MOS tube Q4 is electrically connected with a drain electrode D3 of the MOS tube Q3.

3. An ac to dc power supply according to claim 2, wherein: the alternating current-direct current board further comprises a sampling circuit, the sampling circuit is electrically connected with the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, the main control board further comprises a detection circuit, and the detection circuit is electrically connected with the PWM circuit and the sampling circuit respectively.

4. An ac to dc power supply according to claim 3, wherein: the alternating current-direct current board further comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3, wherein the capacitor C1 is connected with the inductor L in parallel, and the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3 are respectively connected with the MOS tube Q3 in parallel.

5. An ac to dc power supply according to claim 1, wherein: the power module further comprises a transformer and a radiator, the rectifier bridge is attached to the radiator, the radiator is perpendicular to the alternating current-direct current board, and the transformer is electrically connected with the rectifier bridge.

6. The ac to dc power supply of claim 5, wherein: the main control board is vertically connected with the alternating current-direct current board, a plurality of mutually parallel corrugated grooves are formed in one side, close to the main control board, of the radiator, a fan is arranged on the side edge of the radiator, and the fan and the corrugated grooves are oppositely arranged.

7. The ac to dc power supply of claim 6, wherein: the box body comprises an upper cover plate, a bottom plate, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, a plurality of wire grooves and two side plates, wherein the two side plates are fixedly connected through the wire grooves, the front cover plate is fixed at the front ends of the two side plates, the rear cover plate is fixed at the rear ends of the two side plates, the upper cover plate is arranged at the upper ends of the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, the bottom plate is fixed at the lower ends of the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, and the alternating current-direct current conversion plate is arranged on the bottom plate.

8. The ac to dc power supply of claim 7, wherein: the front cover plate is provided with a switch, a plurality of knobs and a display meter electrically connected with the knobs, and the display meter and the switch are respectively and electrically connected with the main control board.

9. The ac to dc power supply of claim 8, wherein: the back cover plate is provided with a communication interface, a fan and a plurality of current output ports, the fan is electrically connected with the switch, the fan is electrically connected with the power supply module, the current output ports are electrically connected with the linear voltage stabilizing circuit, and the communication interface is electrically connected with the main control board.

10. The ac to dc power supply of claim 9, wherein: the side plates are provided with vent holes and buckles, and the upper cover plate is detachably connected with the side plates through the buckles.